PreprintArticleVersion 1This version is not peer-reviewed
Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population
Version 1
: Received: 31 July 2024 / Approved: 31 July 2024 / Online: 31 July 2024 (12:00:57 CEST)
How to cite:
Paraskevopoulos, E.; Pentheroudaki, S.; Papandreou, M. Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population. Preprints2024, 2024072559. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.2559.v1
Paraskevopoulos, E.; Pentheroudaki, S.; Papandreou, M. Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population. Preprints 2024, 2024072559. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.2559.v1
Paraskevopoulos, E.; Pentheroudaki, S.; Papandreou, M. Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population. Preprints2024, 2024072559. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.2559.v1
APA Style
Paraskevopoulos, E., Pentheroudaki, S., & Papandreou, M. (2024). Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.2559.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Paraskevopoulos, E., Styliani Pentheroudaki and Maria Papandreou. 2024 "Exploring the Discriminant Validity of the Modified Arm Care Screen (MACS), Designed for Overhead Athletes, in Detecting Musculoskeletal Risk Factors in the General Population" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.2559.v1
Abstract
Background: Shoulder pain is the third most common musculoskeletal issue in primary care, affecting up to 50% of patients six months post-consultation, leading to significant functional impairments and societal costs, especially due to sick leave. Shoulder injuries are particularly prevalent among 'overhead athletes' in sports like swimming, volleyball, and handball, with high injury rates reported annually. Screening tools like the Arm Care Screen (ACS) have been used to identify athletes at risk of shoulder injuries effectively. However, their applicability to the general population is less understood. This study aimed to assess the discriminant validity of a modified ACS (MACS) in detecting musculoskeletal risk factors among non-athletes. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 30 asymptomatic subjects over 18, excluding those with a history of shoulder injuries or surgeries. The MACS, comprising four tests, was administered, and its diagnostic performance was evaluated through sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios. Results: Results indicated low sensitivity (0%-47.62%) and variable specificity (55.56%-100%), suggesting that MACS may not effectively identify risk factors in the general population. Positive and negative predictive values were inconsistent, highlighting the need for non-athlete-specific screening tools. Conclusion: While the MACS showed promise in athletes, its application in the general population requires further refinement. The study underscores the necessity for tailored screening methods to enhance early detection and prevention of musculoskeletal issues in diverse populations.
Keywords
Modified Arm Care Screen; Shoulder; Athletes; Risk of Injury
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
