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Submitted:
31 July 2024
Posted:
05 August 2024
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A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
1. | The category includes a wide range of water-related disasters, not just floods. It also covers incidents like glacial lake outburst floods and coastal erosion. The common thread is that water plays a crucial role in causing these events. |
Continent | Total disasters | Natural disasters | Man-made (tech.) disasters |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
North America | 3,575 | 13.84 | 2,708 | 75.75 | 867 | 24.25 |
Asia | 10,786 | 41.75 | 6,675 | 61.89 | 4,111 | 38.11 |
Africa | 5,540 | 21.44 | 3,114 | 56.21 | 2,426 | 43.79 |
Europe | 3,091 | 11.96 | 1,995 | 64.54 | 1,096 | 35.46 |
South America | 2,114 | 8.18 | 1,407 | 66.56 | 707 | 33.44 |
Oceania | 730 | 2.83 | 668 | 91.51 | 62 | 8.49 |
Total | 25,836 | 100 | 16,567 | 69.41 | 9,269 | 30.59 |
Disaster type | North America |
Asia | Africa | Europe | South America | Oceania | Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | |
Earthquake | 167 | 0.65 | 951 | 3.68 | 75 | 0.29 | 163 | 0.63 | 154 | 0.60 | 57 | 0.22 | 1567 | 6.07 |
Volcanic activity | 45 | 0.17 | 112 | 0.43 | 19 | 0.07 | 11 | 0.04 | 45 | 0.17 | 32 | 0.12 | 264 | 1.00 |
Flood | 688 | 2.66 | 2429 | 9.40 | 1240 | 4.80 | 650 | 2.52 | 685 | 2.65 | 160 | 0.62 | 5852 | 22.65 |
Water-related | 99 | 0.38 | 703 | 2.72 | 561 | 2.17 | 163 | 0.63 | 63 | 0.24 | 14 | 0.05 | 1603 | 6.19 |
Mass movement (wet) | 45 | 0.17 | 440 | 1.70 | 68 | 0.26 | 77 | 0.30 | 155 | 0.60 | 18 | 0.07 | 803 | 3.10 |
Drought | 102 | 0.39 | 179 | 0.69 | 361 | 1.40 | 49 | 0.19 | 74 | 0.29 | 34 | 0.13 | 799 | 3.09 |
Extreme temperature | 70 | 0.27 | 200 | 0.77 | 20 | 0.08 | 297 | 1.15 | 48 | 0.19 | 8 | 0.03 | 643 | 2.49 |
Glacial lake outburst flood | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.01 |
Storm | 1338 | 5.18 | 1899 | 7.35 | 311 | 1.20 | 576 | 2.23 | 105 | 0.41 | 290 | 1.12 | 4519 | 17.49 |
Epidemic | 100 | 0.39 | 361 | 1.40 | 899 | 3.48 | 44 | 0.17 | 84 | 0.33 | 24 | 0.09 | 1512 | 5.86 |
Wildfire | 145 | 0.56 | 69 | 0.27 | 38 | 0.15 | 123 | 0.48 | 49 | 0.19 | 41 | 0.16 | 465 | 1.81 |
Air | 187 | 0.72 | 312 | 1.21 | 169 | 0.65 | 233 | 0.90 | 124 | 0.48 | 21 | 0.08 | 1046 | 4.04 |
Animal incident | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
Chemical spill | 47 | 0.18 | 20 | 0.08 | 4 | 0.02 | 29 | 0.11 | 3 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 104 | 0.40 |
Collapse (Industrial) | 3 | 0.01 | 88 | 0.34 | 70 | 0.27 | 7 | 0.03 | 15 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.00 | 183 | 0.71 |
Collapse (Miscellaneous) | 29 | 0.11 | 156 | 0.60 | 61 | 0.24 | 30 | 0.12 | 25 | 0.10 | 2 | 0.01 | 303 | 1.18 |
Explosion (Industrial) | 57 | 0.22 | 509 | 1.97 | 59 | 0.23 | 108 | 0.42 | 32 | 0.12 | 4 | 0.02 | 769 | 2.98 |
Explosion (Miscellaneous) | 17 | 0.07 | 118 | 0.46 | 40 | 0.15 | 35 | 0.14 | 10 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 220 | 0.86 |
Fire (Industrial) | 22 | 0.09 | 137 | 0.53 | 15 | 0.06 | 35 | 0.14 | 7 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 216 | 0.85 |
Fire (Miscellaneous) | 111 | 0.43 | 395 | 1.53 | 117 | 0.45 | 117 | 0.45 | 42 | 0.16 | 7 | 0.03 | 789 | 3.05 |
Fog | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
Gas leak | 13 | 0.05 | 38 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.00 | 10 | 0.04 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 62 | 0.24 |
Industrial accident | 7 | 0.03 | 89 | 0.34 | 16 | 0.06 | 5 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.03 | 1 | 0.00 | 126 | 0.48 |
Infestation | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
Mass movement (dry) | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
Miscellaneous accident | 23 | 0.09 | 129 | 0.50 | 68 | 0.26 | 31 | 0.12 | 19 | 0.07 | 1 | 0.00 | 813 | 2.10 |
Oil spill | 3 | 0.01 | 2 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 24 | 0.03 |
Poisoning | 6 | 0.02 | 50 | 0.19 | 6 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.04 | 4 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 228 | 0.29 |
Radiation | 1 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 18 | 0.01 |
Rail | 74 | 0.29 | 288 | 1.11 | 111 | 0.43 | 122 | 0.47 | 15 | 0.06 | 5 | 0.02 | 1845 | 2.38 |
Road | 168 | 0.65 | 1073 | 4.15 | 1129 | 4.37 | 159 | 0.62 | 338 | 1.31 | 5 | 0.02 | 8616 | 11.21 |
Country (rang) | Total disasters |
Natural disasters |
Man-made (tech.) disasters |
Top 5 disasters by country | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | 1th | 2th | 3th | 4th | 5th | |
1. China | 1,996 | 7.54 | 1,012 | 50.70 | 984 | 49.30 | IA (15.08) | S (14.73) | F (14.53) | D (14.28) | E (14.23) |
2. India | 1,581 | 5.97 | 776 | 49.08 | 805 | 50.92 | E (15.50) | IA (14.86) | D (14.80) | F (14.29) | E (14.17) |
3. USA | 1,513 | 5.72 | 1,152 | 76.14 | 361 | 23.86 | E (15.27) | IA (14.87) | D (14.47) | F (14.41) | W (13.88) |
4. Philippines | 938 | 3.54 | 698 | 74.41 | 240 | 25.59 | IA (16.10) | S (14.71) | D (14.50) | E (14.39) | W (14.18) |
5. Indonesia | 878 | 3.32 | 621 | 70.73 | 257 | 29.27 | F (16.40) | E (15.15) | D (15.03) | E (14.81) | W (13.44) |
6. Bangladesh | 588 | 2.22 | 363 | 61.73 | 225 | 38.27 | F (15.99) | D (15.14) | IA (15.14) | E (14.97) | S (13.27) |
7. Nigeria | 523 | 1.98 | 143 | 27.34 | 380 | 72.66 | W (16.63) | S (16.44) | IA (14.72) | E (14.53) | D (13.38) |
8. Pakistan | 504 | 1.90 | 254 | 50.40 | 250 | 49.60 | F (15.08) | W (15.08) | S (14.88) | IA (14.29) | E (13.89) |
9. Mexico | 481 | 1.82 | 304 | 63.20 | 177 | 36.80 | W (17.88) | E (15.59) | F (15.18) | D (13.51) | E (12.89) |
10. Japan | 464 | 1.75 | 389 | 83.84 | 75 | 16.16 | W (17.24) | E (15.73) | S (15.09) | D (14.44) | IA (13.79) |
11. Brazil | 462 | 1.75 | 283 | 61.26 | 179 | 38.74 | E (15.15) | IA (15.15) | W (14.94) | D (14.72) | F (14.50) |
12. Iran | 442 | 1.67 | 265 | 59.95 | 177 | 40.05 | D (17.87) | E (15.61) | W (15.16) | IA (14.48) | F (13.35) |
13. Russia | 417 | 1.58 | 178 | 42.69 | 239 | 57.31 | E (17.27) | W (15.35) | S (15.11) | D (14.63) | IA (13.43) |
14. Peru | 397 | 1.50 | 217 | 54.66 | 180 | 45.34 | F (15.87) | E (15.37) | E (14.36) | S (14.11) | IA (13.85) |
15. Türkiye | 390 | 1.47 | 217 | 55.64 | 173 | 44.36 | D (16.67) | IA (15.13) | W (15.13) | S (14.36) | F (13.33) |
16. Congo | 342 | 1.29 | 155 | 45.32 | 187 | 54.68 | S (17.54) | W (14.91) | D (14.04) | IA (14.04) | E (13.45) |
17. Colombia | 339 | 1.28 | 232 | 68.44 | 107 | 31.56 | IA (16.52) | E (16.22) | D (14.45) | E (14.45) | S (14.45) |
18. Viet Nam | 338 | 1.28 | 264 | 78.11 | 74 | 21.89 | S (16.86) | E (16.57) | D (15.98) | W (15.38) | F (14.79) |
19. South Africa | 326 | 1.23 | 129 | 39.57 | 197 | 60.43 | D (16.56) | S (15.64) | F (14.72) | IA (14.72) | E (14.42) |
20. France | 296 | 1.12 | 203 | 68.58 | 93 | 31.42 | W (20.27) | IA (14.53) | E (14.19) | D (13.85) | S (13.51) |
21. Italy | 285 | 1.08 | 187 | 65.61 | 98 | 34.39 | F (17.54) | IA (17.54) | S (15.44) | D (13.68) | E (13.33) |
22. Afghanistan | 274 | 1.04 | 219 | 79.93 | 55 | 20.07 | E (17.88) | F (16.06) | S (14.60) | D (14.23) | W (13.14) |
23. Thailand | 274 | 1.04 | 172 | 62.77 | 102 | 37.23 | E (20.07) | W (17.88) | E (13.50) | S (13.14) | D (12.77) |
24. Australia | 257 | 0.97 | 223 | 86.77 | 34 | 13.23 | E (17.51) | D (15.18) | F (14.01) | S (14.01) | E (13.23) |
25. Egypt | 252 | 0.95 | 36 | 14.29 | 216 | 85.71 | E (20.24) | E (15.08) | IA (13.89) | W (13.49) | S (12.70) |
26. Canada | 246 | 0.93 | 153 | 62.20 | 93 | 37.80 | F (17.89) | D (15.04) | S (14.23) | E (13.82) | IA (13.82) |
27. Kenya | 231 | 0.87 | 126 | 54.55 | 105 | 45.45 | IA (17.75) | F (16.88) | E (16.02) | S (13.85) | D (13.42) |
28. Nepal | 215 | 0.81 | 139 | 64.65 | 76 | 35.35 | E (18.14) | S (16.74) | D (14.88) | E (14.88) | IA (12.56) |
29. Tanzania | 214 | 0.81 | 122 | 57.01 | 92 | 42.99 | W (20.56) | IA (16.36) | E (14.49) | F (14.49) | E (13.08) |
30. Great Britain | 204 | 0.77 | 105 | 51.47 | 99 | 48.53 | E (19.12) | E (15.69) | F (15.69) | D (14.22) | W (13.24) |
31. Rep. Korea | 202 | 0.76 | 132 | 65.35 | 70 | 34.65 | E (17.82) | F (17.82) | W (14.85) | E (13.86) | IA (13.37) |
32. Haiti | 196 | 0.74 | 138 | 70.41 | 58 | 29.59 | W (18.37) | IA (17.35) | E (14.80) | F (13.78) | E (13.27) |
33. Sudan | 196 | 0.74 | 108 | 55.10 | 88 | 44.90 | IA (18.88) | S (18.37) | F (15.82) | D (14.29) | E (12.76) |
34. Uganda | 191 | 0.72 | 111 | 58.12 | 80 | 41.88 | S (17.80) | F (16.23) | E (15.18) | IA (13.61) | D (12.57) |
35. Spain | 188 | 0.71 | 112 | 59.57 | 76 | 40.43 | F (17.55) | E (14.89) | E (14.36) | S (14.36) | W (13.83) |
36.Taiwan | 187 | 0.71 | 136 | 72.73 | 51 | 27.27 | IA (18.18) | W (14.97) | F (14.44) | D (13.90) | E (13.37) |
37. Argentina | 180 | 0.68 | 131 | 72.78 | 49 | 27.22 | W (19.44) | E (18.33) | D (14.44) | F (13.33) | IA (13.33) |
38. Ecuador | 166 | 0.63 | 119 | 71.69 | 47 | 28.31 | E (15.06) | E (15.06) | F (15.06) | W (15.06) | IA (13.86) |
39. Guatemala | 165 | 0.62 | 127 | 76.97 | 38 | 23.03 | W (16.97) | D (15.76) | S (15.76) | E (13.94) | E (13.33) |
40. Ethiopia | 163 | 0.62 | 127 | 77.91 | 36 | 22.09 | D (20.25) | E (17.18) | E (14.72) | F (14.72) | S (14.11) |
41. Greece | 163 | 0.62 | 111 | 68.10 | 52 | 31.90 | S (19.02) | E (16.56) | W (15.95) | E (14.11) | IA (12.27) |
42. Myanmar | 159 | 0.60 | 89 | 55.97 | 70 | 44.03 | E (18.24) | D (17.61) | F (15.09) | IA (14.47) | S (13.21) |
43. Bolivia | 157 | 0.59 | 112 | 71.34 | 45 | 28.66 | F (15.92) | IA (14.65) | W (14.65) | D (14.01) | E (14.01) |
44. Sri Lanka | 157 | 0.59 | 131 | 83.44 | 26 | 16.56 | E (21.02) | W (15.92) | S (14.65) | D (14.01) | E (13.38) |
45. Algeria | 156 | 0.59 | 93 | 59.62 | 63 | 40.38 | E (16.03) | W (16.03) | S (15.38) | D (14.74) | F (14.74) |
46. Belgium | 156 | 0.59 | 72 | 46.15 | 84 | 53.85 | E (17.31) | IA (17.31) | E (14.74) | D (14.10) | F (14.10) |
47. Morocco | 156 | 0.59 | 63 | 40.38 | 93 | 59.62 | W (17.31) | E (16.67) | IA (16.03) | S (16.03) | D (11.54) |
48. Mozambique | 156 | 0.59 | 125 | 80.13 | 31 | 19.87 | D (19.23) | E (15.38) | F (15.38) | W (14.74) | S (13.46) |
49. Chile | 152 | 0.57 | 125 | 82.24 | 27 | 17.76 | F (18.42) | E (15.79) | D (14.47) | E (14.47) | W (13.16) |
50. Malaysia | 152 | 0.57 | 109 | 71.71 | 43 | 28.29 | IA (21.05) | S (19.74) | F (15.79) | D (13.82) | W (13.82) |
Decade | Natural disasters |
Man-made (technological) disasters |
Total | Trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | Rate (%) | |
1900-1910 | 79 | 78.22 | 22 | 21.78 | 101 | 0.38 | Stable (0.00%) |
1911-1920 | 78 | 64.46 | 43 | 35.54 | 121 | 0.46 | Increasing (19.57%) |
1921-1930 | 106 | 80.30 | 26 | 19.70 | 132 | 0.50 | Increasing (7.40%) |
1931-1940 | 133 | 61.29 | 84 | 38.71 | 217 | 0.82 | Increasing (42.20%) |
1941-1950 | 171 | 60.85 | 110 | 39.15 | 281 | 1.06 | Increasing (11.73%) |
1951-1960 | 310 | 82.01 | 68 | 17.99 | 378 | 1.43 | Increasing (10.05%) |
1961-1970 | 594 | 86.09 | 96 | 13.91 | 690 | 2.61 | Increasing (13.59%) |
1971-1980 | 871 | 76.14 | 273 | 23.86 | 1144 | 4.32 | Increasing (6.10%) |
1981-1990 | 1755 | 64.57 | 963 | 35.43 | 2718 | 10.27 | Increasing (5.33%) |
1991-2000 | 2957 | 59.20 | 2038 | 40.80 | 4995 | 18.87 | Increasing (1.71%) |
2001-2010 | 4464 | 58.35 | 3187 | 41.65 | 7651 | 28.91 | Increasing (0.70%) |
2011-2020 | 3758 | 65.78 | 1955 | 34.22 | 5713 | 21.59 | Decreasing (−0.44%) |
2021-2024 | 1747 | 75.20 | 576 | 24.80 | 2323 | 8.78 | Decreasing (−2.49%) |
Period (5-year intervals) |
Natural disasters |
Man-made (technological) disasters |
Total | Trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (%) | |
1900-1905 | 35 | 81.40 | 8 | 18.60 | 43 | 0.16 | Stable (0.00%) |
1906-1910 | 44 | 75.86 | 14 | 24.14 | 58 | 0.22 | Increasing (34.88%) |
1911-1915 | 47 | 77.05 | 14 | 22.95 | 61 | 0.23 | Increasing (5.17%) |
1916-1920 | 31 | 51.67 | 29 | 48.33 | 60 | 0.23 | Decreasing (−1.64%) |
1921-1925 | 47 | 77.05 | 14 | 22.95 | 61 | 0.23 | Increasing (1.67%) |
1926-1930 | 59 | 83.10 | 12 | 16.90 | 71 | 0.27 | Increasing (16.39%) |
1931-1935 | 68 | 77.27 | 20 | 22.73 | 88 | 0.33 | Increasing (23.94%) |
1936-1940 | 65 | 50.39 | 64 | 49.61 | 129 | 0.49 | Increasing (46.59%) |
1941-1945 | 77 | 48.12 | 83 | 51.88 | 160 | 0.60 | Increasing (24.03%) |
1946-1950 | 94 | 77.69 | 27 | 22.31 | 121 | 0.46 | Decreasing (−24.38%) |
1951-1955 | 157 | 81.77 | 35 | 18.23 | 192 | 0.73 | Increasing (58.68%) |
1956-1960 | 153 | 82.26 | 33 | 17.74 | 186 | 0.70 | Decreasing (−3.12%) |
1961-1965 | 204 | 85.71 | 34 | 14.29 | 238 | 0.90 | Increasing (27.96%) |
1966-1970 | 390 | 86.28 | 62 | 13.72 | 452 | 1.71 | Increasing (89.92%) |
1971-1975 | 336 | 77.24 | 99 | 22.76 | 435 | 1.64 | Decreasing (−3.76%) |
1976-1980 | 535 | 75.46 | 174 | 24.54 | 709 | 2.68 | Increasing (62.99%) |
1981-1985 | 774 | 76.71 | 235 | 23.29 | 1009 | 3.81 | Increasing (42.31%) |
1986-1990 | 981 | 57.40 | 728 | 42.60 | 1709 | 6.46 | Increasing (69.38%) |
1991-1995 | 1314 | 58.53 | 931 | 41.47 | 2245 | 8.48 | Increasing (31.36%) |
1996-2000 | 1643 | 59.75 | 1107 | 40.25 | 2750 | 10.39 | Increasing (22.49%) |
2001-2005 | 2291 | 56.72 | 1748 | 43.28 | 4039 | 15.26 | Increasing (46.87%) |
2006-2010 | 2173 | 60.16 | 1439 | 39.84 | 3612 | 13.65 | Decreasing (−10.57%) |
2011-2015 | 1864 | 63.66 | 1064 | 36.34 | 2928 | 11.06 | Decreasing (−18.94%) |
2015-2020 | 1894 | 68.01 | 891 | 31.99 | 2785 | 10.52 | Decreasing (−4.88%) |
2020-2024 | 1747 | 75.20 | 576 | 24.80 | 2323 | 8.78 | Decreasing (−16.59%) |
Disaster type | 1900-1910 | 1911-1920 | 1921-1930 | 1931-1940 | 1941-1950 | 1951-1960 | 1961-1970 | 1971-1980 | 1981-1990 | 1991-2000 | 2001-2010 | 2011-2020 | 2021-2024 | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air | 0 | 15 | 7 | 59 | 75 | 6 | 16 | 29 | 155 | 300 | 248 | 158 | 23 | 1091 |
Animal incident | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Chemical spill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 33 | 34 | 16 | 7 | 0 | 108 |
Collapse (Indust.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 21 | 60 | 66 | 20 | 184 |
Collapse (Miscell.) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 16 | 36 | 78 | 87 | 55 | 16 | 305 |
Drought | 4 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 52 | 61 | 126 | 140 | 170 | 169 | 62 | 813 |
Earthquake | 38 | 32 | 42 | 65 | 73 | 68 | 88 | 110 | 173 | 265 | 289 | 262 | 112 | 1617 |
Epidemic | 5 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 37 | 59 | 124 | 385 | 590 | 258 | 45 | 1526 |
Explosion (Industrial) | 5 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 6 | 30 | 65 | 178 | 328 | 104 | 26 | 787 |
Explosion | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 16 | 43 | 87 | 58 | 14 | 222 |
Extreme temperature | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 9 | 15 | 37 | 91 | 224 | 207 | 59 | 652 |
Fire (Industrial) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 29 | 70 | 58 | 43 | 10 | 220 |
Fire (Miscell.) | 9 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 38 | 79 | 104 | 131 | 193 | 149 | 74 | 804 |
Flood | 6 | 4 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 81 | 155 | 259 | 515 | 861 | 1719 | 1531 | 779 | 5941 |
Fog | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Gas leak | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 20 | 20 | 8 | 6 | 62 |
Glacial lake outburst flood | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
Infestation | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 48 | 11 | 18 | 9 | 2 | 95 |
Mass mov. (dry) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 14 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 45 |
Mass mov. (wet) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 20 | 26 | 55 | 105 | 151 | 192 | 183 | 78 | 827 |
Oil spill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 8 |
Poisoning | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 36 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 76 |
Radiation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
Rail | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 25 | 14 | 35 | 103 | 196 | 142 | 89 | 16 | 646 |
Road | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 192 | 556 | 1240 | 694 | 182 | 2882 |
Storm | 14 | 18 | 34 | 39 | 55 | 119 | 211 | 274 | 533 | 893 | 1049 | 997 | 515 | 4751 |
Volcanic activity | 8 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 23 | 31 | 52 | 60 | 43 | 22 | 274 |
Water-related | 2 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 172 | 315 | 528 | 425 | 153 | 1635 |
Wildfire | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 49 | 100 | 143 | 97 | 63 | 475 |
Total | 100 | 121 | 132 | 216 | 278 | 378 | 691 | 1121 | 2688 | 4941 | 7490 | 5624 | 2281 | 26061 |
Disaster Type |
1900-1904 | 1905-1909 | 1910-1914 | 1915-1919 | 1920-1924 | 1925-1929 | 1930-1934 | 1935-1939 | 1940-1944 | 1945-1949 | 1950-1954 | 1955-1959 | 1960-1964 | 1965-1969 | 1970-1974 | 1975-1979 | 1980-1984 | 1985-1989 | 1990-1994 | 1995-1999 | 2000-2004 | 2005-2009 | 2010-2014 | 2015-2019 | 2020-2024 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air | 0 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 49 | 69 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 17 | 12 | 27 | 128 | 148 | 152 | 131 | 117 | 90 | 68 | 23 |
Animal incident | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Chemical spill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 20 | 13 | 11 | 23 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Collapse (Ind.) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 20 | 40 | 32 | 34 | 20 |
Collapse (Misc.) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 13 | 10 | 26 | 33 | 45 | 50 | 37 | 32 | 23 | 16 |
Drought | 3 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 42 | 18 | 43 | 80 | 46 | 64 | 76 | 96 | 74 | 84 | 85 | 62 |
Earthquake | 14 | 24 | 20 | 12 | 20 | 22 | 35 | 30 | 38 | 35 | 41 | 27 | 25 | 63 | 39 | 71 | 86 | 87 | 140 | 125 | 174 | 115 | 136 | 126 | 112 |
Epidemic | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 31 | 9 | 50 | 39 | 85 | 103 | 282 | 360 | 230 | 139 | 119 | 45 |
Explosion (Ind.) | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 20 | 26 | 39 | 84 | 94 | 175 | 153 | 59 | 45 | 26 |
Explosion (Mis.) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 16 | 27 | 55 | 32 | 38 | 20 | 14 |
Extreme temper. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 26 | 40 | 51 | 109 | 115 | 125 | 82 | 59 |
Fire (Ind.) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 20 | 33 | 37 | 32 | 26 | 21 | 22 | 10 |
Fire (Misc.) | 3 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 29 | 31 | 48 | 44 | 60 | 54 | 77 | 107 | 86 | 67 | 82 | 74 |
Flood | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 42 | 39 | 53 | 102 | 98 | 161 | 222 | 293 | 365 | 496 | 769 | 950 | 761 | 770 | 779 |
Fog | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gas leak | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 6 |
Glacial lake (flood) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Infestation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 48 | 5 | 6 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 2 |
Mass mov. (dry) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
Mass mov. (wet) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 17 | 32 | 23 | 46 | 59 | 58 | 93 | 108 | 84 | 88 | 95 | 78 |
Oil spill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
Poisoning | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 22 | 14 | 13 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Radiation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rail | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 13 | 22 | 25 | 78 | 93 | 103 | 85 | 57 | 45 | 44 | 16 |
Road | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 12 | 180 | 221 | 335 | 725 | 515 | 393 | 301 | 182 |
Storm | 5 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 23 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 37 | 48 | 71 | 90 | 121 | 122 | 152 | 242 | 291 | 464 | 429 | 540 | 509 | 473 | 524 | 515 |
Volcanic activity | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 19 | 20 | 11 | 29 | 23 | 25 | 35 | 22 | 21 | 22 |
Water-related | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 28 | 144 | 168 | 147 | 254 | 274 | 218 | 207 | 153 |
Wildfire | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 23 | 26 | 35 | 65 | 88 | 55 | 35 | 62 | 63 |
Total | 86 | 114 | 122 | 120 | 122 | 142 | 176 | 256 | 318 | 238 | 384 | 372 | 474 | 908 | 848 | 1394 | 1990 | 3386 | 4434 | 5448 | 7910 | 7070 | 5746 | 5502 | 4562 |
Disaster Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Total | Trend | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | ||||||||||||||
Air | 36 | 20 | 40 | 66 | 26 | 16 | 744 | 39 | 31 | 30 | 24 | 19 | 1091 | 4.123 | AA |
Animal incident | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.004 | BA |
Chemical spill | 0 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 86 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 108 | 0.408 | BA |
Collapse (Industrial) | 7 | 7 | 13 | 18 | 17 | 6 | 62 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 21 | 9 | 184 | 0.695 | BA |
Collapse (Miscellaneous) | 15 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 181 | 15 | 2 | 13 | 13 | 8 | 305 | 1.153 | BA |
Drought | 44 | 326 | 77 | 34 | 30 | 18 | 46 | 64 | 40 | 43 | 61 | 30 | 813 | 3.072 | BA |
Earthquake | 197 | 92 | 316 | 190 | 48 | 37 | 201 | 185 | 91 | 32 | 83 | 145 | 1617 | 6.11 | AA |
Epidemic | 63 | 75 | 75 | 42 | 49 | 220 | 701 | 57 | 38 | 83 | 79 | 44 | 1526 | 5.766 | AA |
Explosion (Industrial) | 24 | 23 | 32 | 70 | 39 | 30 | 411 | 34 | 26 | 25 | 46 | 27 | 787 | 2.974 | BA |
Explosion (Miscellaneous) | 12 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 10 | 9 | 99 | 20 | 16 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 222 | 0.839 | BA |
Extreme temperature | 98 | 81 | 35 | 34 | 10 | 10 | 280 | 49 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 33 | 652 | 2.464 | BA |
Fire (Industrial) | 7 | 6 | 11 | 16 | 6 | 7 | 121 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 220 | 0.831 | BA |
Fire (Miscellaneous) | 38 | 35 | 44 | 60 | 19 | 20 | 440 | 35 | 24 | 26 | 30 | 33 | 804 | 3.038 | BA |
Flood | 592 | 304 | 390 | 306 | 290 | 192 | 2072 | 400 | 403 | 374 | 356 | 262 | 5941 | 22.449 | AA |
Fog | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.004 | BA |
Gas leak | 0 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 28 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 62 | 0.234 | BA |
Glacial lake outburst flood | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0.015 | BA |
Impact | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.004 | BA |
Industrial accident (General) | 8 | 6 | 4 | 15 | 8 | 6 | 40 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 7 | 126 | 0.476 | BA |
Infestation | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 71 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 95 | 0.359 | BA |
Mass movement (dry) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 45 | 0.17 | BA |
Mass movement (wet) | 51 | 61 | 43 | 44 | 34 | 19 | 427 | 41 | 23 | 29 | 24 | 31 | 827 | 3.125 | A |
Miscellaneous accident | 16 | 21 | 23 | 33 | 5 | 15 | 85 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 20 | 15 | 276 | 1.043 | BA |
Oil spill | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 0.03 | BA |
Poisoning | 0 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 56 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 76 | 0.287 | BA |
Radiation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0.034 | BA |
Rail | 13 | 13 | 28 | 44 | 13 | 11 | 453 | 24 | 7 | 17 | 19 | 4 | 646 | 2.441 | BA |
Road | 166 | 95 | 140 | 128 | 109 | 135 | 1326 | 189 | 153 | 158 | 166 | 117 | 2882 | 10.89 | AA |
Storm | 345 | 184 | 344 | 259 | 349 | 95 | 2146 | 217 | 191 | 218 | 211 | 192 | 4751 | 17.953 | AA |
Volcanic activity | 17 | 2 | 5 | 11 | 7 | 67 | 120 | 4 | 9 | 3 | 10 | 19 | 274 | 1.035 | BA |
Water-related | 94 | 72 | 106 | 152 | 62 | 62 | 718 | 75 | 71 | 84 | 89 | 50 | 1635 | 6.178 | AA |
Wildfire | 26 | 15 | 28 | 21 | 15 | 12 | 239 | 55 | 20 | 20 | 11 | 13 | 475 | 1.795 | BA |
Decade | Natural disasters | Man-made (tech.) disasters | Total | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatalities | Injuries | Economic losses | Fatalities | Injuries | Economic losses | Fatalities | Injuries | Economic losses | |
1900-1910 | 4,472,477 | 2,549 | 1,373,800 | 5,766 | 2 | 0 | 4,478,243 | 2,551 | 1,373,800 |
1911-1920 | 3,334,004 | 2,955 | 600,000 | 10,752 | 9,306 | 2,500 | 3,344,756 | 12,261 | 602,500 |
1921-1930 | 8,561,918 | 109,109 | 1,004,230 | 7,139 | 1,596 | 100,000 | 8,569,057 | 110,705 | 1,104,230 |
1931-1940 | 4,629,968 | 112,403 | 3,342,000 | 5,579 | 511 | 0 | 4,635,547 | 112,914 | 3,342,000 |
1941-1950 | 3,878,897 | 69,329 | 3,136,700 | 11,165 | 2,258 | 6,000 | 3,890,062 | 71,587 | 3,142,700 |
1951-1960 | 2,127,944 | 24,642 | 6,090,480 | 10,979 | 6,241 | 218,000 | 2,138,923 | 30,883 | 6,308,480 |
1961-1970 | 1,751,347 | 784,522 | 18,633,100 | 6,446 | 5,155 | 159,972 | 1,757,793 | 789,677 | 18,793,072 |
1971-1980 | 998,508 | 552,541 | 53,753,225 | 17,244 | 22,809 | 76,193 | 1,015,752 | 575,350 | 53,829,418 |
1981-1990 | 796,062 | 317,353 | 183,523,629 | 58,382 | 159,620 | 6,469,293 | 854,444 | 476,973 | 189,992,922 |
1991-2000 | 527,413 | 1,588,807 | 701,281,224 | 86,149 | 80,174 | 4,410,769 | 613,562 | 1,668,981 | 705,691,993 |
2001-2010 | 839,418 | 3,282,010 | 892,099,162 | 97,166 | 89,617 | 14,746,682 | 936,584 | 3,371,627 | 906,845,844 |
2011-2020 | 503,400 | 3,241,477 | 1,706,627,174 | 62,715 | 59,375 | 20,969,701 | 566,115 | 3,300,852 | 1,727,596,875 |
2021-2024 | 199,314 | 627,655 | 861,127,190 | 15,132 | 24,593 | 16,750,000 | 214,446 | 652,248 | 877,877,190 |
5-year period |
Natural disasters | Man-made (tech.) disasters | Total | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatalities | Injuries | Economic Losses | Fatalities | Injuries | Economic Losses |
Fatalities | Injuries | Economic Losses |
|
1900-1905 | 1523244 | 251 | 535000 | 2230 | 2 | 0 | 1525474 | 253 | 535000 |
1906-1910 | 2949233 | 2298 | 838800 | 3536 | 0 | 0 | 2952769 | 2298 | 838800 |
1911-1915 | 311175 | 2828 | 275000 | 5232 | 20 | 0 | 316407 | 2848 | 275000 |
1916-1920 | 3022829 | 127 | 325000 | 5520 | 9286 | 2500 | 3028349 | 9413 | 327500 |
1921-1925 | 5065612 | 103900 | 663000 | 6412 | 1500 | 100000 | 5072024 | 105400 | 763000 |
1926-1930 | 3496306 | 5209 | 341230 | 727 | 96 | 0 | 3497033 | 5305 | 341230 |
1931-1935 | 3772100 | 9045 | 1629000 | 3021 | 324 | 0 | 3775121 | 9369 | 1629000 |
1936-1940 | 857868 | 103358 | 1713000 | 2558 | 187 | 0 | 860426 | 103545 | 1713000 |
1941-1945 | 3569724 | 48909 | 1325500 | 5208 | 1181 | 0 | 3574932 | 50090 | 1325500 |
1946-1950 | 309173 | 20420 | 1811200 | 5957 | 1077 | 6000 | 315130 | 21497 | 1817200 |
1951-1955 | 86802 | 11243 | 3775180 | 5377 | 1949 | 178000 | 92179 | 13192 | 3953180 |
1956-1960 | 2041142 | 13399 | 2315300 | 5602 | 4292 | 40000 | 2046744 | 17691 | 2355300 |
1961-1965 | 124667 | 16119 | 8163881 | 3394 | 2818 | 49759 | 128061 | 18937 | 8213640 |
1966-1970 | 1626680 | 768403 | 10469219 | 3052 | 2337 | 110213 | 1629732 | 770740 | 10579432 |
1971-1975 | 623353 | 218953 | 15582333 | 6779 | 12990 | 3843 | 630132 | 231943 | 15586176 |
1976-1980 | 375155 | 333588 | 38170892 | 10465 | 9819 | 72350 | 385620 | 343407 | 38243242 |
1981-1985 | 633887 | 155979 | 84139472 | 17264 | 140392 | 761976 | 651151 | 296371 | 84901448 |
1986-1990 | 162175 | 161374 | 99384157 | 41118 | 19228 | 5707317 | 203293 | 180602 | 105091474 |
1991-1995 | 299078 | 818151 | 264087752 | 44158 | 32120 | 1363916 | 343236 | 850271 | 265451668 |
1996-2000 | 228335 | 770656 | 437193472 | 41991 | 48054 | 3046853 | 270326 | 818710 | 440240325 |
2001-2005 | 435658 | 2437898 | 331597225 | 54143 | 54209 | 11607124 | 489801 | 2492107 | 343204349 |
2006-2010 | 403760 | 844112 | 560501937 | 43023 | 35408 | 3139558 | 446783 | 879520 | 563641495 |
2011-2015 | 418756 | 1087793 | 871742990 | 32710 | 31140 | 20964701 | 451466 | 1118933 | 892707691 |
2016-2020 | 84644 | 2153684 | 834884184 | 30005 | 28235 | 5000 | 114649 | 2181919 | 834889184 |
2021-2024 | 199314 | 627655 | 861127190 | 15132 | 24593 | 16750000 | 214446 | 652248 | 877877190 |
Disaster Type | Deaths | Injured | Affected | Damage ('000 US$) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | (n) | (%) | |
Air | 50,689 | 0.154 | 7,620 | 0.068 | 8,846 | 0.0 | 144,100 | 0.003 |
Animal incident | 12 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Chemical spill | 610 | 0.002 | 8,773 | 0.078 | 652,981 | 0.008 | 1,198,954 | 0.027 |
Collapse (Industrial) | 7,099 | 0.022 | 2,450 | 0.022 | 3,353 | 0.0 | 1,335,000 | 0.03 |
Collapse (Miscellaneous) | 14,830 | 0.045 | 13,024 | 0.117 | 309,514 | 0.004 | 283,800 | 0.006 |
Drought | 11,734,272 | 35.54 | 32 | 0.0 | 2,964,996,768 | 34.146 | 257,581,674 | 5.728 |
Earthquake | 2,407,717 | 7.293 | 2,945,052 | 26.35 | 228,214,673 | 2.628 | 975,785,916 | 21.701 |
Epidemic | 9,622,343 | 29.14 | 2,836,719 | 25.38 | 50,095,829 | 0.577 | 7 | 0.0 |
Explosion (Industrial) | 36,814 | 0.112 | 41,850 | 0.374 | 864,341 | 0.01 | 40,421,674 | 0.899 |
Explosion (Miscellaneous) | 7,624 | 0.023 | 19,231 | 0.172 | 137,527 | 0.002 | 619,100 | 0.014 |
Extreme temperature | 256,413 | 0.777 | 2,066,936 | 18.49 | 107,678,810 | 1.24 | 69,468,343 | 1.545 |
Fire (Industrial) | 5,522 | 0.017 | 5,211 | 0.047 | 465,362 | 0.005 | 2,608,005 | 0.058 |
Fire (Miscellaneous) | 36,590 | 0.111 | 24,022 | 0.215 | 1,368,383 | 0.016 | 3,485,470 | 0.078 |
Flood | 7,011,404 | 21.23 | 1,398,042 | 12.50 | 3,997,629,671 | 46.039 | 1,007,889,805 | 22.415 |
Fog | 4,000 | 0.012 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Gas leak | 2,906 | 0.009 | 116,280 | 1.04 | 513,932 | 0.006 | 30,000 | 0.001 |
Glacial lake outburst flood | 439 | 0.001 | 24 | 0.0 | 88,424 | 0.001 | 210,000 | 0.005 |
Impact | 0 | 0.0 | 1,491 | 0.013 | 301,491 | 0.003 | 33,000 | 0.001 |
Industrial accident (General) | 5,207 | 0.016 | 1,552 | 0.014 | 135,987 | 0.002 | 9,960,407 | 0.222 |
Infestation | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2,802,200 | 0.032 | 229,200 | 0.005 |
Mass movement (dry) | 4,486 | 0.014 | 373 | 0.003 | 23,117 | 0.0 | 209,000 | 0.005 |
Mass movement (wet) | 68,636 | 0.208 | 12,705 | 0.114 | 16,823,502 | 0.194 | 11,347,044 | 0.252 |
Miscellaneous accident (General) | 14,279 | 0.043 | 40,666 | 0.364 | 1,880,052 | 0.022 | 4,000 | 0.0 |
Oil spill | 1 | 0.0 | 120 | 0.001 | 29,137 | 0.0 | 30,000 | 0.001 |
Poisoning | 3,578 | 0.011 | 54,442 | 0.487 | 648,522 | 0.007 | 0 | 0.0 |
Radiation | 86 | 0.0 | 1,958 | 0.018 | 1,064,201 | 0.012 | 2,800,000 | 0.062 |
Rail | 28,730 | 0.087 | 61,744 | 0.552 | 109,453 | 0.001 | 903,000 | 0.02 |
Road | 68,812 | 0.208 | 49,184 | 0.44 | 56,306 | 0.001 | 7,700 | 0.0 |
Storm | 1,418,647 | 4.297 | 1,411,425 | 12.62 | 1,277,565,968 | 14.713 | 1,967,141,984 | 43.748 |
Volcanic activity | 86,935 | 0.263 | 26,564 | 0.238 | 10,032,658 | 0.116 | 6,327,912 | 0.141 |
Water-related | 111,237 | 0.337 | 13,130 | 0.117 | 149,256 | 0.002 | 77,900 | 0.002 |
Wildfire | 5,366 | 0.016 | 15,989 | 0.143 | 18,531,582 | 0.213 | 136,368,030 | 3.033 |
Total | 33,015,284 | 100.0 | 11,176,609 | 100.0 | 8,683,181,851 | 100.0 | 4,496,501,025 | 100.0 |
Recommendation | Description | Short-term | Long-term | National | Local |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Integration of disaster risk reduction | Integrate strategies for disaster risk reduction into the overall national development agenda | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ |
Enhancement of early warning systems | Enhance early warning systems through investments in advanced technology, infrastructure improvements, and comprehensive training programs | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Promotion of climate resilience | Focus on climate resilience by adopting sustainable practices and implementing green infrastructure projects | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Strengthening industrial safety | Upgrade safety protocols and strengthen regulatory frameworks governing industrial operations | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Community-based disaster risk management | Empower communities by providing education, training, and opportunities for active involvement in disaster management | ✓ | ✓ | ↓ | ↑ |
Investing in research and development | Promote research and development to discover innovative solutions for reducing disaster risks on the basis of a better understanding of the interconnections of risks | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Regional cooperation and information sharing | Foster international cooperation and improve data sharing mechanisms for more effective disaster preparedness and response | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Adapting infrastructure and urban planning | Construct resilient infrastructure and apply sustainable urban planning methods to reduce disaster impacts | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Public awareness and education campaigns | Raise public awareness and improve education about disaster risks and preparedness measures | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Regular assessment and update of plans | Periodically review and revise disaster management plans based on updated data and emerging threats | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Improvement of seismic resilience | Emphasize the construction and retrofitting of buildings to be earthquake-resistant, particularly in vulnerable areas | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Flood management and mitigation | Implement effective flood control systems, including dams, levees, and enhanced drainage networks | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Sustainable agriculture practices | Encourage agricultural practices and other methods that reduce vulnerability to droughts and climate-related disasters | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Enhancing health systems | Enhance health infrastructure to provide better responses to epidemics and other public health crises | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Technological upgrades for disaster monitoring | Invest in cutting-edge technologies for real-time disaster monitoring and early detection capabilities | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Capacity building for emergency responders | Continuously train and equip emergency responders to increase their efficiency and effectiveness during crises | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Improve urban infrastructure | Design urban infrastructure to be resilient against both natural and man-made (technological) disasters | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Implement comprehensive risk assessments | Conduct comprehensive risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities and prioritize mitigation strategies | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Develop cross-sectoral and cross-national DRR strategies | Coordinate disaster risk reduction activities across various sectors, such as healthcare, agriculture, and transportation | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Strengthen legal and institutional frameworks | Strengthen legal and institutional frameworks to support robust disaster risk management practices | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Foster public-private partnerships | Promote public-private partnerships to leverage resources and expertise in disaster risk reduction initiatives | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Grouping disaster mitigation measures | Tailor disaster mitigation measures to specific types of disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and industrial accidents | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Enhance community resilience programs | Develop educational and training programs to enhance community resilience and disaster preparedness | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
Improve data collection and analysis | Improve data collection and analysis to gain a deeper understanding of disaster trends and inform policy decisions. Improvement of standardized data collection and analysis | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Increase funding for drr initiatives | Secure consistent funding for disaster risk reduction programs to ensure their long-term success and sustainability | ✓ | ✓ | ↑ | ↑ |
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