Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness

Sara Scandorieiro; Natalia Rodrigues de Oliveira; Monique de Souza; Lidiane Vizioli de Castro-Hoshino; Mauro Luciano Baesso; Gerson Nakazato; Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi; Luciano Aparecido Panagio; Audrey Alesandra Stinghen Garcia Lonni

doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > pharmacy > doi: 10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1 (registering DOI)

Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness

Sara Scandorieiro

^* ,

Natalia Rodrigues de Oliveira

Monique de Souza

Lidiane Vizioli de Castro-Hoshino

Mauro Luciano Baesso

Gerson Nakazato

Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi

Luciano Aparecido Panagio

Audrey Alesandra Stinghen Garcia Lonni

Version 1 : Received: 19 August 2024 / Approved: 21 August 2024 / Online: 22 August 2024 (02:29:30 CEST)

How to cite: Scandorieiro, S.; de Oliveira, N. R.; de Souza, M.; Castro-Hoshino, L. V. D.; Baesso, M. L.; Nakazato, G.; Kobayashi, R. K. T.; Panagio, L. A.; Lonni, A. A. S. G. Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness. Preprints 2024, 2024081533. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1 Scandorieiro, S.; de Oliveira, N. R.; de Souza, M.; Castro-Hoshino, L. V. D.; Baesso, M. L.; Nakazato, G.; Kobayashi, R. K. T.; Panagio, L. A.; Lonni, A. A. S. G. Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness. Preprints 2024, 2024081533. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Scandorieiro, S.; de Oliveira, N. R.; de Souza, M.; Castro-Hoshino, L. V. D.; Baesso, M. L.; Nakazato, G.; Kobayashi, R. K. T.; Panagio, L. A.; Lonni, A. A. S. G. Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness. Preprints 2024, 2024081533. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1

APA Style

Scandorieiro, S., de Oliveira, N. R., de Souza, M., Castro-Hoshino, L. V. D., Baesso, M. L., Nakazato, G., Kobayashi, R. K. T., Panagio, L. A., & Lonni, A. A. S. G. (2024). Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

Scandorieiro, S., Luciano Aparecido Panagio and Audrey Alesandra Stinghen Garcia Lonni. 2024 "Nail Lacquer with Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Onychomycosis: Development, Characterization, and Antifungal Effectiveness" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1533.v1

Abstract

Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail infection for which new antibiotics are needed to overcome antifungal resistance and other limitations of conventional treatments. This study reports the development of antifungal nail lacquers containing oregano essential oil (OEO), rosemary essential oil (REO), and/or biogenic silver nanoparticles (bioAgNP). The formulations (F) were tested against dermatophytes by agar diffusion, ex vivo nail infection, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. They were evaluated pharmacotechnically and by FTIR-PAS to access permeation across the nail plate. F-OEO and F-OEO/Ag were promising for the final nail lacquer formulation, they permeated through the nail plate and showed antifungal efficacy against dermatophytes-contaminated nails after 5 days of treatment. The treated nails had decreased hyphae and spores compared to untreated control; the hyphae were atypically flattened which indicates loss of cytoplasmic content due to damage to cytoplasmic membrane. Formulations were stable after centrifugation and thermal stress, maintaining organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics. F-OEO and F-OEO/Ag had pH compatible with the nail, and drying time (59-90 s) within the reference for nail lacquer. For the first time, OEO and bioAgNP were incorporated in a nail lacquer, resulting in a natural and nanotechnological antifungal product for onychomycosis that may combat microbial resistance.

Keywords

Nail mycosis; Antifungal nail lacquer; Topical therapy; Green nanotechnology; Oregano essential oil; Trichophyton spp.; Microsporum spp.

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pharmacy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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