Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Etiology and Clinical Impact

Iveta Rumenova Madzharova; Ivelina Trifonova; Neli Stoyanova Korsun; Viktoria Levterova; Petar Velikov; Silvya Voleva; Ivan Ivanov; Daniel Ivanov; Ralitsa Yordanova; Tatiana Tcherveniakova; Svetla Angelova; Iva Christova

doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1995.v1

How to cite: Madzharova, I. R.; Trifonova, I.; Korsun, N. S.; Levterova, V.; Velikov, P.; Voleva, S.; Ivanov, I.; Ivanov, D.; Yordanova, R.; Tcherveniakova, T.; Angelova, S.; Christova, I. Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Etiology and Clinical Impact. Preprints 2024, 2024081995. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1995.v1 Madzharova, I. R.; Trifonova, I.; Korsun, N. S.; Levterova, V.; Velikov, P.; Voleva, S.; Ivanov, I.; Ivanov, D.; Yordanova, R.; Tcherveniakova, T.; Angelova, S.; Christova, I. Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Etiology and Clinical Impact. Preprints 2024, 2024081995. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.1995.v1

Abstract

The risk of a fatal outcome was 41% in unvaccinated patients (p = 0.713), which increased by 2.66% with co-infection with two pathogens (p = 0.342) and by 26% with three pathogens (p = 0.005). Additionally, 50% of ICU patients had a triple infection, compared with only 1.3% in the inpatient unit (p = 0.0029). The risk of death and/or ICU admission was 12 times higher (p = 0.042) with an additional pathogen and increased by 95% (p = 0.003) with a third concomitant pathogen. Regular multiplex testing is important for prompt treatment and targeted antibiotic use.

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Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Etiology and Clinical Impact

Abstract

Keywords

Subject

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