Bernabei, L., Leone, B., Hirsch, D., Mentuccia, V., Panzera, A., Riggio, F., Sangiovanni, L., Piserchia, V., Nicolò, G., & Pompili, E. (2024). Neuromodulation Strategies in Lifelong Bipolar Disorder: A Narrative Review. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.0693.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Bernabei, L., Giuseppe Nicolò and Enrico Pompili. 2024 "Neuromodulation Strategies in Lifelong Bipolar Disorder: A Narrative Review" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.0693.v1
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a debilitating psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression, affecting millions worldwide. While pharmacotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, a significant proportion of patients exhibit inadequate response or intolerable side effects to conventional medications. In recent years, neuromodulation techniques have emerged as promising adjunctive or alternative treatments for bipolar disorder. We performed a narrative review to provide a comprehensive overview of the current literature on neuromodulation interventions in bipolar disorder across the course of lifespan. Specifically, it examines the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of various neuromodulation strategies, including, among others, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and it describes the therapeutic experiences across the different ages of illness. Additionally, this review discusses the clinical implications, challenges, and future directions of the integration, in the clinical practice, of neuromodulation into the management of bipolar disorder. By synthesizing evidence from different studies, this review aims to inform clinicians, researchers, and stakeholders about the evolving landscape of neuromodulation treatments and their potential role in improving outcomes for individuals with bipolar disorder.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
