Version 1
: Received: 20 September 2024 / Approved: 20 September 2024 / Online: 23 September 2024 (10:08:38 CEST)
How to cite:
Bates, G. W.; Apputhurai, P.; Knowles, S. R. Bivalent Fears of Evaluation in Social Anxiety: Evaluation of an Extended Psychoevolutionary Model. Preprints2024, 2024091628. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1628.v1
Bates, G. W.; Apputhurai, P.; Knowles, S. R. Bivalent Fears of Evaluation in Social Anxiety: Evaluation of an Extended Psychoevolutionary Model. Preprints 2024, 2024091628. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1628.v1
Bates, G. W.; Apputhurai, P.; Knowles, S. R. Bivalent Fears of Evaluation in Social Anxiety: Evaluation of an Extended Psychoevolutionary Model. Preprints2024, 2024091628. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1628.v1
APA Style
Bates, G. W., Apputhurai, P., & Knowles, S. R. (2024). Bivalent Fears of Evaluation in Social Anxiety: Evaluation of an Extended Psychoevolutionary Model. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1628.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Bates, G. W., Pragalathan Apputhurai and Simon R Knowles. 2024 "Bivalent Fears of Evaluation in Social Anxiety: Evaluation of an Extended Psychoevolutionary Model" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1628.v1
Abstract
Fears of negative evaluation (FNE) and fears of positive evaluation (FPE) comprise a bivalent model of evaluation that can explain the etiology and maintenance of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). In this study we examined an extended version of this model developed by Cook et al. [1] which incorporates two related cognitive processes (concerns about reprisal and discounting of positive outcomes) as partial mediators of the effects of FNE and FPE. We built on earlier work by including a broader measure of social anxiety and comparing models for groups of participants with and without probable SAD. Structural equation modelling was utilized to test the model in a sample of 890 university students (74.8% female, mean age 29.49). We replicated the findings of Cook et al. in the overall sample and in the group with probable SAD. FNE and FPE predicted social anxiety directly and were serially mediated by concerns about reprisal and discounting positive outcomes. The model was also a good fit for those without SAD, however, in that model, FNE was no longer a direct predictor of social anxiety. The findings confirm the utility of the extended bivalent model and have implications for psychoevolutionary accounts of social anxiety.
Keywords
social anxiety disorder; fear of negative evaluation; fear of positive evaluation; bi-valent fear of evaluation model
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Other
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
