Version 1
: Received: 27 September 2024 / Approved: 29 September 2024 / Online: 29 September 2024 (10:21:13 CEST)
How to cite:
Afif-Khouri, E.; Lozano-Martínez, A.; Rego, J. I. L. D.; López-Gallego, B.; Forján-Castro, R. Capillary Rise of Soluble Salts and Its Effect on the Degradation of Calcareous Material Used in Historical Monuments. Preprints2024, 2024092304. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2304.v1
Afif-Khouri, E.; Lozano-Martínez, A.; Rego, J. I. L. D.; López-Gallego, B.; Forján-Castro, R. Capillary Rise of Soluble Salts and Its Effect on the Degradation of Calcareous Material Used in Historical Monuments. Preprints 2024, 2024092304. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2304.v1
Afif-Khouri, E.; Lozano-Martínez, A.; Rego, J. I. L. D.; López-Gallego, B.; Forján-Castro, R. Capillary Rise of Soluble Salts and Its Effect on the Degradation of Calcareous Material Used in Historical Monuments. Preprints2024, 2024092304. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2304.v1
APA Style
Afif-Khouri, E., Lozano-Martínez, A., Rego, J. I. L. D., López-Gallego, B., & Forján-Castro, R. (2024). Capillary Rise of Soluble Salts and Its Effect on the Degradation of Calcareous Material Used in Historical Monuments. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2304.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Afif-Khouri, E., Belén López-Gallego and Rubén Forján-Castro. 2024 "Capillary Rise of Soluble Salts and Its Effect on the Degradation of Calcareous Material Used in Historical Monuments" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2304.v1
Abstract
Crystallization of soluble salts represents a significant deterioration mechanism for porous building materials in cultural heritage, with substantial economic consequences. These salts can originate from geogenic sources (such as soil leachate, sea salt aerosols, and material incompatibilities in historical constructions) or anthropogenic sources (including environmental pollution and organic waste). This study investigates the capillary rise of retained and sustained water within soil, which is subsequently absorbed by calcareous rocks in monuments. This process leads to a range of damages, from superficial staining and efflorescence to more severe material degradation and mass loss. The paper examines the capillary rise phenomenon and analyzes the typology and origin of salts that predominantly impact the durability and mechanical resistance of calcareous rocks used in the construction of historic buildings in Spain.
Keywords
Hygroscopic condensation; Crypto-florescence; Efflorescence; Built heritage
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Soil Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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