Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles

Matjaž Kopač

doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > pediatrics, perinatology and child health > doi: 10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1 (registering DOI)

Preprint Review Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles

Matjaž Kopač

Version 1 : Received: 10 October 2024 / Approved: 11 October 2024 / Online: 11 October 2024 (04:12:52 CEST)

How to cite: Kopač, M. Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles. Preprints 2024, 2024100851. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1 Kopač, M. Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles. Preprints 2024, 2024100851. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kopač, M. Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles. Preprints 2024, 2024100851. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

APA Style

Kopač, M. (2024). Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kopač, M. 2024 "Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children is a critical medical condition characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function. This article provides a comprehensive overview of AKI in pediatric populations, exploring its pathophysiology, the role of various drugs, and the long-term implications for kidney health. Key topics include oliguria, anuria, urine output, hypervolemia and interactions among them as well as role of diuretic nephrotoxicity and glomerular filtration rate. Concepts of electrolytes, acid-base balance and renal perfusion assessment are presented. Basic principles of intensive care unit (ICU) management, renal replacement therapy, and the association with multiorgan failure are described. Additionally, the article discusses the potential long-term outcomes of AKI, including the risk of chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and proteinuria.

Keywords

acute kidney injury; children; diuretics; urine output; hypervolemia; electrolytes; acid-base balance; kidney perfusion

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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