Version 1
: Received: 7 November 2024 / Approved: 8 November 2024 / Online: 8 November 2024 (13:23:11 CET)
How to cite:
Zhang, Z. Etiological Connections Between Initial COVID-19 and Two Rare Infectious Diseases. Preprints2024, 2024110626. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0626.v1
Zhang, Z. Etiological Connections Between Initial COVID-19 and Two Rare Infectious Diseases. Preprints 2024, 2024110626. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0626.v1
Zhang, Z. Etiological Connections Between Initial COVID-19 and Two Rare Infectious Diseases. Preprints2024, 2024110626. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0626.v1
APA Style
Zhang, Z. (2024). Etiological Connections Between Initial COVID-19 and Two Rare Infectious Diseases. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0626.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Zhang, Z. 2024 "Etiological Connections Between Initial COVID-19 and Two Rare Infectious Diseases" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0626.v1
Abstract
The origin of COVID-19 remains unclear despite extensive research. Theoretical models can simplify complex epigenetic landscapes by reducing vast methylation sites into manageable sets, revealing fundamental pathogen interactions that leap medical advances for the first time in tracing virus origin in the literature and practices. In our study, a max-logistic intelligence classifier analyzed 865,859 Infinium MethylationEPIC sites (CpGs), identifying eight CpGs that achieved 100% accuracy in distinguishing COVID-19 patients from other respiratory disease patients and healthy controls. One CpG, cg07126281, linked to the SAMM50 gene, shares genetic ties with rare infectious diseases like Sennetsu fever and glanders, suggesting a potential connection between COVID-19 and these diseases, possibly transmitted through contaminated seafood or glanders-infected individuals. Identifying such links among 865,859 CpG sites is challenging, with a random correlation probability of less than one in ten million. However, the likelihood of finding meaningful associations with rare diseases lowers this probability to one in one hundred million, reinforcing the credibility of our findings. These results highlight the importance of investigating seafood markets and global supply chains in tracing COVID-19's origins and emphasize the need for ongoing biosafety and biosecurity measures to prevent future outbreaks.
Keywords
Biosafety and biosecurity; DNA methylations; site-site interaction effects; rare diseases; Sennetsu fever; glanders
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
