Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a potent choice for various applications, serving as an al-ternative and promising methodology for future advancements. They have been explored in nu-merous emerging applications, demonstrating immense promise and high efficiency. NPs can be utilized with various biomolecules for delivery or as surface materials to enhance their capabili-ties. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a glycoprotein recognized for its significant multifunctional properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and neuroprotective effects. Its activity has a broad distribution in the human body, with Lf receptors present in multiple regions. Current research shows that Lf is utilized in NP technology as a surface material, encapsulated biomolecule, and even as a NP itself. Due to the abundance of Lf receptors in various regions, Lf can be employed as a surface material in NPs for targeted delivery strategies, particularly in crossing the BBB and targeting specific cancers. Furthermore, Lf can be synthesized in a NP structure, positioning it as a strong candidate in future NPs related applications. In this article, we explored the highlighted and underexplored areas of Lf applications in NPs research.