This research aims to estimate the micro-motion (m-m) of ships. The problem of motion and m-m detection of targets is usually solved using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) along-track interferometry (ATI) which is observed employing two radars spatially distanced by a baseline extended in the azimuth direction. This paper is proposing a new approach where the m-m estimation of ships, occupying thousands of pixels, is measured processing the information given by sub-pixel tracking generated during the coregistration process of several re-synthesized time-domain and overlapped sub-apertures. The SAR products are generated splitting the raw data, according to a small-temporal baseline strategy, observed by one single wide-band staring spotlight (ST) SAR image. The predominant vibrational modes of different ships are estimated and results are promising to extend this application in performing surveillance also of land-based industries activities. Experiments are performed processing one ST SAR image observed by the COSMO-SkyMed satellite system.

Thanks to advanced semiconductor microfabrication technology, chip-scale integration and miniaturization of lab-on-a-chip components, silicon-based optical biosensors have made significant progress for the purpose of point-of-care diagnosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in evanescent field biosensing technologies including interferometer, microcavity, photonic crystal, and Bragg grating waveguide-based sensors. Their sensing mechanisms and sensor performances, as well as real biomarkers for label-free detection, are exhibited and compared. We also review the development of chip-level integration for lab-on-a-chip photonic sensing platforms, which consist of the optical sensing device, flow delivery system, optical input and readout equipment. At last, some advanced system-level CMOS-chip packaging examples are presented, indicating the commercialization potential for the low cost, high yield, portable biosensing platform leveraging CMOS processes.

This article takes the representative uncultivated riverfront internet-famous sites (the uncultivated RIFSs) in Changsha city, China as an example, to explore the internal mechanism of its formation, and finds out that they are closely related to "urban subculture" and "informality of urban public space". In terms of methodology, through questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, this study investigates the behavioral characteristics of on-site visitors, overall perceptions and satisfaction of public spaces, and perceptions of spatial and humanistic elements of visitors. It also compares the online-offline differences of the spatial perceptions on the uncultivated RIFSs between this study and previous research, that is, instead of focus on the urban physical spaces, the online social media users pay more attention to their self-presentation. Meanwhile, the visitors place greater emphasis on the functionality, practicality, and experiential activities of the urban physical spaces. Finally, this article proposes the optimization strategies for the uncultivated RIFSs from two aspects: planning and governance, and public space design. Firstly, it is necessary to protect this special type of spaces, avoiding the binary opposition between "formal spaces" and "informal spaces”, achieving a gradual integration of "subculture spaces" and "mainstream culture spaces", and highlighting the city's inclusiveness. Secondly, human-centric space design should be demonstrated, that is, paying practical attention to people's diverse lifestyles and value needs, strengthening the composite utilization of riverside spaces to enhance diverse vitality.

This paper contains a comparative review of existing Zitterbewegung models. It attempts to synthesize them by offering a toy model containing an extra hypothesis of electromagnetic self-oscillation at the Fermi scale (10−15m). Inspired by Bell violation experiments, Zitterbewegung models and hydrodynamic walker studies, we revisit standing waves in quantum mechanics, echoing de Broglie-Bohm pilot wave theories. Starting with the electromagnetic self-oscillation hypothesis at the Fermi scale we propose an emergent and deductive hierarchical electron structure across multiple scales. The model spans Fermi, Compton (10−13m), Bohr (10−11m) and finally de Broglie (>10−10m). At the Fermi scale, the hypothesis is one of "source-free chiral light", known as the "zilch", emerging as a self-oscillating electromagnetic field at the Schwinger limit. This self-interaction of retarded potentials due to real relativistic delays is a generic self-oscillation of Liénard-Wiechert potentials. This primary Fermi oscillation accounts for charge and mass at the Fermi scale. It generates secondary stable "auto-orbits" dynamics at the Compton scale, manifesting as observable spin and other quantum properties of the usual Dirac zitterbewegung models. These zitter models account for known electron characteristics, including mass, charge, spin and g/2 anomalous factors up to 9 digits precision. We explain the de Broglie wavelength through Doppler-shifted Compton-scale standing waves, in the tradition of de Broglie. The framework extends to electron-positron pair production at the Schwinger limit, described as a result of natural light focusing in non-homogeneous media, utilizing René Thom’s catastrophe theory. This offers a new perspective on baryogenesis and matter emergence from electromagnetic fields. We dub this toy model the "sub-standard" model of the electron.

Diagnostics is believed to drive about 70% of medical interventions, but this may not be true for all demographics. With more than 30% of the African population living in extreme poverty ($1.9 per day - 2022); and healthcare costs competing unfavorably against unbridled access to antibiotics and herbal concoctions, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, how do you convince such a people to choose diagnostics first? More importantly, how do you design a medical device targeted at meeting the diagnostic needs of this demographic? In developing diagnostic devices for such a market, what is worth sacrificing? How dire is the need for advanced technologies in devices developed for such a demographic? These are questions that remain unaddressed by the technological breakthroughs and current research in medical device development, especially for infectious disease diagnostics. The objective of this paper is to underscore critical concerns which must be considered in the bid to successfully design medical diagnostic devices for Africa and perhaps, other limited-resource settings. It is also written as a suggestive guidance document for researchers whose interest is in the development of infectious disease diagnostic platforms for rural Africa and similar limited-resource environments.