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Repairing the Epigenetics of Unstable Repeats by Genome Engineering
Version 1
: Received: 9 March 2021 / Approved: 10 March 2021 / Online: 10 March 2021 (16:14:10 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Handal, T.; Eiges, R. Correction of Heritable Epigenetic Defects Using Editing Tools. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 3966. Handal, T.; Eiges, R. Correction of Heritable Epigenetic Defects Using Editing Tools. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 3966.
Abstract
Epimutations are the cause of a considerable number of genetically inherited conditions in humans. All result from the mis-expression of genes due to epigenetic changes that are triggered by an underlying heritable mutation. The correction of these epigenetic defects in the context of epigenetically regulated diseases constitutes a good paradigm to probe the fundamental mechanisms underlying the development of these diseases, and the molecular basis for the establishment, maintenance and regulation of epigenetic modifications in general. Here, we review current applications of key editing tools to address the epigenetic aspects of these diseases by focusing on epimutations caused by, or relate to repetitive elements, primarily unstable noncoding repeat expansions. For each approach we summarize the efforts conducted to date, highlight their contribution to a better understanding of the molecular basis of epigenetic mechanisms, describe the limitations of each approach and suggest perspectives for further exploration in this field.
Keywords
secondary epimutations; repeat associated diseases; genetic editing; epigenetic editing; transcriptional editing; DNA methylation; histone modifications
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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