Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Towards the Forest Virome: Next-Generation-Sequencing Drastically Expands our Understanding on Virosphere in Temperate Forest Ecosystems

Version 1 : Received: 20 June 2021 / Approved: 21 June 2021 / Online: 21 June 2021 (16:23:44 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Rumbou, A.; Vainio, E.J.; Büttner, C. Towards the Forest Virome: High-Throughput Sequencing Drastically Expands Our Understanding on Virosphere in Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1730. Rumbou, A.; Vainio, E.J.; Büttner, C. Towards the Forest Virome: High-Throughput Sequencing Drastically Expands Our Understanding on Virosphere in Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1730.

Abstract

Forest health is dependent on the variability of microorganisms interacting with the host tree/holobiont. Symbiotic microbiota and pathogens engage in a permanent interplay, which influences the host. Thanks to the development of NGS technologies, a vast amount of genetic information on the virosphere of temperate forests has been gained the last seven years. To estimate the qualitative/quantitative impact of NGS in forest virology, we have summarized viruses affecting major tree/shrub species and their fungal associates, including fungal plant pathogens, mutualists and saprotrophs. The contribution of NGS methods is extremely significant for forest virology. Reviewed data about viral presence in holobionts, allowed us to address the role of the virome in the holobionts. Genetic variation is a crucial aspect in hologenome, significantly reinforced by horizontal gene transfer among all interacting actors. Through virus-virus interplays synergistic or antagonistic relations may evolve, which may drastically affect the health of the holobiont. Novel insights of these interplays may allow practical applications for forest plant protection based on endophytes and mycovirus biocontrol agents. The current analysis is conceived in light of the prospect that novel viruses may initiate an emergent infectious disease and that measures for avoidance of future outbreaks in forests should be considered.

Keywords

virome; microbiome; next generation sequencing; mycoviruses; plant pathogenic viruses

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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