Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Galaxy Formation and Rotation as a 4D Relativistic Cloud-World Embedded in a 4D Conformal Background: A Cloud Theory

Version 1 : Received: 20 September 2021 / Approved: 20 September 2021 / Online: 20 September 2021 (10:44:08 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 23 December 2021 / Approved: 23 December 2021 / Online: 23 December 2021 (11:27:14 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 31 January 2022 / Approved: 31 January 2022 / Online: 31 January 2022 (11:13:48 CET)
Version 4 : Received: 22 February 2022 / Approved: 22 February 2022 / Online: 22 February 2022 (10:49:25 CET)
Version 5 : Received: 21 March 2022 / Approved: 21 March 2022 / Online: 21 March 2022 (09:00:59 CET)
Version 6 : Received: 11 January 2023 / Approved: 12 January 2023 / Online: 12 January 2023 (13:50:25 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026. Al-Fadhli, M.B. The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and Its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets. The 2nd Electronic Conference on Universe 2023, doi:10.3390/ecu2023-14026.

Abstract

The recent observation of the G2 gas cloud orbit around the galactic centre has challenged the model of a mere supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy which should have destroyed it. In addition, the Planck Legacy 2018 (PL18) release has preferred a positively curved early Universe with a confidence level exceeding 99%. In this study, the collapse of a large gas cloud in the early Universe to form a galaxy is modelled based on extended field equations as a 4D relativistic CloudWorld that flows and spins through a 4D independent conformal background of an initial positive curvature considering the preference of the PL18 release. Owning to the curved background, this scenario of galaxy formation indicates that the core of the galaxy undergoes a forced vortex formation with a central event horizon leading to opposite traversable wormholes that are spatially shrinking through the conformal time. It reveals that the galaxy and its core are formed at the same process where the surrounding gas clouds form the spiral arms due to the frame-dragging induced by the fast-rotating core. Accordingly, the G2 gas cloud that only faced the drag effects could be explained if its orbit is around the wormhole but at a distance from the central event horizon. The formation of the galaxy and its core simultaneously could explain the formation of the supermassive compact galaxy cores with a mass of ~109 M at just 6% of the current Universe age and could resolve the black hole hierarchy problem.

Keywords

Galaxy Formation; Conformal Space-time Background.

Subject

Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics

Comments (0)

We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.

Leave a public comment
Send a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment
Views 0
Downloads 0
Comments 0
Metrics 0


×
Alerts
Notify me about updates to this article or when a peer-reviewed version is published.
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here.