Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s

Gabriella M. Mazzotta; Carmela Conte

doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

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preprints.org > biology and life sciences > biochemistry and molecular biology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

Preprint Review Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s

Gabriella M. Mazzotta

^* and

Carmela Conte

Version 1 : Received: 15 June 2024 / Approved: 18 June 2024 / Online: 18 June 2024 (09:40:51 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 18 June 2024 / Approved: 25 June 2024 / Online: 25 June 2024 (13:03:45 CEST)

How to cite: Mazzotta, G. M.; Conte, C. Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s. Preprints 2024, 2024061199. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2 Mazzotta, G. M.; Conte, C. Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s. Preprints 2024, 2024061199. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mazzotta, G. M.; Conte, C. Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s. Preprints 2024, 2024061199. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

APA Style

Mazzotta, G. M., & Conte, C. (2024). Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mazzotta, G. M. and Carmela Conte. 2024 "Alpha Synuclein Toxicity and Non-motor Parkinson’s" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1199.v2

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common multisystem neurodegenerative disorder affecting 1% of the population above 60 years. The main neuropathological features of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the presence of alpha synuclein (Syn)-rich Lewy bodies both manifesting with classical motor signs. Syn has emerged as a key protein in PD pathology as it can spread through synaptic networks to reach several anatomical regions of the body contributing to the appearance of non-motor symptoms (NMS) considerate prevalent among individuals before PD diagnosis and persisting throughout the patient’s life. NMS mainly include loss of taste and smell, constipation, psychiatric disorders, dementia, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior impairment, urogenital dysfunction, and cardiovascular impairment. This review summarizes the more recent findings showing the impact of Syn deposits on several prodromal NMS and emphasizes the importance of early detection of Syn toxic species in biofluids and peripheral biopsies as prospective biomarkers in PD.

Keywords

alpha synuclein; Parkinson’s disease; non-motor symptoms; early diagnosis

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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