Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research

Version 1 : Received: 31 October 2020 / Approved: 6 November 2020 / Online: 6 November 2020 (17:24:19 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 12 February 2021 / Approved: 18 February 2021 / Online: 18 February 2021 (15:52:32 CET)

How to cite: Malukiewicz, J.; Boere, V.; Borstelmann de Oliveira, M. A.; D’Arc, M.; Viviane Amorim Ferreira, J.; French, J.; Houman, G.; Almeida Igayara de Souza, C.; Jerusalinsky, L.; Rodrigues de Melo, F.; Mafra Valença-Montenegro, M.; Bahadian Moreira, S.; de Oliveira e Silva, I.; Santos Pacheco, F.; Rogers, J.; Pissinatti, A.; del Rosario, R.; Ross, C.; R. Ruiz-Miranda, C.; C.M. Pereira, L.; Schiel, N.; de Fátima Rodrigues da Silva, F.; Souto, A.; Šlipogor, V.; Tardif, S. An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research. Preprints 2020, 2020110256. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202011.0256.v1 Malukiewicz, J.; Boere, V.; Borstelmann de Oliveira, M. A.; D’Arc, M.; Viviane Amorim Ferreira, J.; French, J.; Houman, G.; Almeida Igayara de Souza, C.; Jerusalinsky, L.; Rodrigues de Melo, F.; Mafra Valença-Montenegro, M.; Bahadian Moreira, S.; de Oliveira e Silva, I.; Santos Pacheco, F.; Rogers, J.; Pissinatti, A.; del Rosario, R.; Ross, C.; R. Ruiz-Miranda, C.; C.M. Pereira, L.; Schiel, N.; de Fátima Rodrigues da Silva, F.; Souto, A.; Šlipogor, V.; Tardif, S. An Introduction to the Callithrix Genus and Overview of Recent Advances in Marmoset Research. Preprints 2020, 2020110256. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202011.0256.v1

Abstract

We provide here a current overview of marmoset (Callithrix) evolution, hybridization, species biology, basic/biomedical research, and conservation initiatives. Composed of two subgroups, the aurita group (C. aurita and C. flaviceps) and the jacchus group (C. geoffroyi, C. jacchus, C. kuhlii and C. penicillata), this relatively young primate radiation is endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Significant impacts on Callithrix within these biomes resulting from anthropogenic activity include: (1) population declines, particularly for the aurita group; (2) widespread geographic displacement, biological invasions, and range expansions of C. jacchus and C. penicillata; (3) anthropogenic hybridization; and (4) epizootic Yellow Fever and Zika viral outbreaks. A number of Brazilian legal and conservation initiatives are now in place to protect the threatened aurita group and increase research into them. Due to their small size and fast life history, marmosets are prized biomedical models. As a result, there are increasingly sophisticated genomic Callithrix resources available and burgeoning marmoset functional, immuno-, and epi- genomic research. In both the laboratory and the wild, marmosets have given us insight into cognition, social group dynamics, human disease, and pregnancy. Callithrix jacchus and C. penicillata are emerging Neotropical primate models for arbovirus disease, including Dengue and Zika. Wild marmoset populations are helping us understand sylvatic transmission and human spillover of Zika and Yellow Fever viruses. All of these factors are positioning marmosets as preeminent models to facilitate understanding of facets of evolution, hybridization, conservation, human disease, and emerging infectious diseases.

Keywords

marmoset; Neotropical; Brazil; biomedical; arbovirus; conservation; hybridization; biological invasion

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology

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