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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0327.v1

Arsen Shpigelman, David Maman, Fadi Khalil Hanna, Jeries Hakim, Dimitri Vodovozov, Benjamin Bernfeld

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine Keywords: compartment syndrome; painless; myopathy; fasciotomy; subtrochanteric fracture

Online: 19 December 2022 (07:24:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0320.v1

Efficacy and Effectiveness of the Herbal Medicinal Product BNO 1016 in the Management of Acute Rhinosinusitis in the Context of Antibiotic Stewardship

Claudia B. Bittner, Hubert Steindl, Dimitri Abramov-Sommariva, Michael Plach, Christoph Abels, Claus Bachert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: BNO 1016; antibiotics; herbal medicine; sinusitis; phytotherapy

Online: 19 December 2022 (04:05:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0315.v1

Treatment of Melasma on Darker Skin Types: a Scoping Review

Nomakhosi Mpofana, Buyisile Chibi, Tronel Visser, Michael Paulse, Avenal Jane Finlayson, Shanaz Ghuman, Nceba Gqaleni, Ahmed Mohammed Hussain, Ncoza Cordelia Dlova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Melasma; Treatment; Darker skin types; Fitzpatrick skin types IV-VI; mapping review

Online: 19 December 2022 (03:45:26 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0296.v1

Aterosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disorders And Covid-19: Comorbid Pathogenesis

Yulia A Makarova, Varvara A Ryabkova, Vladimir V Salukhov, Boris V Sagun, Aleksandr E Korovin, Leonid P Churilov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: atherosclerosis; COVID-19; inflammation; cardiovascular system; cytokines; endothelium; lipoproteins; renin-angiotensin system; atheroma; autoimmunity; vasa vasorum.

Online: 16 December 2022 (06:32:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0291.v1

Interplay of Hydropathy and Heterogeneous Diffusion in the Molecular Transport Within Lamellar Lipid Mesophases

Antonio M. Bosch, Salvatore Assenza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Brownian dynamics; effective diffusion; potential of mean force; partition coefficient; release setups

Online: 16 December 2022 (02:55:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0287.v1

Protective Effect of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) against Kidney Diseases

Luis L. Ayusso, Ana Paula Girol, Emmanuel A. Burdmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: green tea; EGCG; oxidative stress; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease; kidney stones; diabetic nephropathy

Online: 15 December 2022 (15:48:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0276.v1

Rethinking the Paradoxical Increase in Endogenous Glucose Production in Response to Metformin: Should We Retain the Glucagon Antagonistic Effect of the Drug?

Jabeur Methnani, Taieb Ach, Aymen El Hraiech, Imed Latiri, Ali Bouslama, Monia Zaouali, Asma omezzine, Ezdine Bouhlel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Biguanides; Antihyperglycemic agents; Liver alpha-cell axis; gluconeogenesis; Protein metabolism; insulin sensitivity

Online: 15 December 2022 (08:37:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0275.v1

Bioinformatics and Connectivity Map Analysis Suggest Viral Infection as a Critical Causative Factor of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Dong-Woo Lim, Min-Seo Choi, Seok-Mo Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; bioinformatics; viral infection; mRNA splicing; GSEA; autoimmune disease; CMap

Online: 15 December 2022 (07:44:33 CET)

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Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disease, with its prevalence rapidly increasing. Both genetic and environmental risk factors contribute to the development of HT. Recently, viral infection has been suggested to act as a trigger of HT by eliciting the host immune response and subsequent autoreactivity. We analyzed features of HT through bioinformatics analysis so as to identify markers of HT development. We accessed public microarray data of HT patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under HT. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed for functional clustering of our protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Utilizing ranked gene lists, we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) using the clusterprofiler R package. By comparing the expression signatures of the huge perturbation database with the queried rank-ordered gene list, connectivity map (CMap) analysis was performed to screen potential therapeutic targets and agents. The gene expression profile of the HT group was in line with general characteristics of HT. Biological processes related to the immune response and viral infection pathways were obtained for the upregulated DEGs. GSEA results revealed activation of autoimmune disease-related pathways and several viral infection pathways. Autoimmune disease and viral infection pathways were highly interconnected by common genes, while the HLA genes which are shared by both were significantly upregulated. CMap analysis suggested that perturbagens, including SRRM1, NLK, and CCDC92, have the potential to reverse the HT expression profile. Several lines of evidence suggested that viral infection and the host immune response are activated during HT. Viral infection is suspected to act as a key trigger of HT by causing autoimmunity. SRRM1, an alternative splicing factor, which responds to viral activity, might serve as potential marker of HT.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0245.v1

Co-Use, Simultaneous Use, and Mixing of Cannabis and Tobacco: A Cross-national Comparison of Canada and the US by Cannabis Administration Type

Alanna Chu, Michael Chaiton, Pamela Kaufman, Renee Goodwin, Jodie Lin, Chandni Hindocha, Samantha Goodman, David Hammond

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: cannabis; tobacco; co-use; simultaneous use; mixing

Online: 14 December 2022 (06:30:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0243.v1

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Algae

Atef Mohamed Abo-Shady, Saly Farouk Gheda, Gehan Ahmed Ismail, João Cotas, Leonel Pereira, Omnia Hamdy Abdel-Karim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: diabetes; antioxidant; antihyperglycemic; lipid profile; body weight; algal treatments

Online: 14 December 2022 (03:17:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0224.v1

Autoantibody Correlation Signatures in Fibromyalgia and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Association with Symptom Severity

Varvara A Ryabkova, Natalia Y Gavrilova, Alina A Poletaeva, Aleksandr I Pukhalenko, Irina A Koshkina, Leonid P Churilov, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: fibromyalgia; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; autoantibodies; autoimmunity

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:47:48 CET)

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(1) Background: Recent studies provide some evidence for the contribution of antibody-mediated autoimmune mechanisms to the nature of fibromyalgia (FM) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Much attention was paid to the autoantibodies (AAb) targeting G protein-coupled receptors as natural components of the immune system. However, natural AAb network is much more extensive, and has not been previously investigated in these disorders; (2) Methods: The enzyme immunoassays ELI-Viscero-Test and ELI-Neuro-Test were used to determine changes in serum content of a 33 natural AAb to neural, organ-specific and non-tissue-specific autoantigens a) in 11 FM patients with comorbid ME/CFS; b) in 11 ME/CFS patients without FM; c) in 11 healthy controls. Individual autoantibody profiles and their correlation with some clinical symptoms were analyzed. (3) Results: both patients with ME/CFS and ME/CFS+FM were characterized by more frequent and pronounced deviations in the immunoreactivity to GABA-receptors than healthy controls. Although the level of other natural AAb did not differ between study groups, AAb correlation signatures were changing in patients compared to healthy controls. Both in patients and healthy controls the level of natural AAb to various neural and tissue-specific antigens correlated with the severity of fatigue, bodily pain, depression, anxiety, physical and mental-health related quality of life. Notably, that widely different correlation patterns were observed between study groups. (4) Conclusions: Findings from this pilot study provide some evidence that the homeostasis of autoimmune relationships, which are possibly a physiological part of our immune system, may break down in FM and ME/CFS. The correlation of disease-induced perturbations in individual AAb profiles with some clinical symptoms may arise from the immune system's ability to reflect qualitative and quantitative changes in antigenic composition of the body.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0222.v1

The Entity of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome: A Narrative Review Centered on the Etiology, Diagnostics, Prevention, and Therapeutic Options

DIMITRIOS PANAGOPOULOS, GEORGIOS STRANJALIS, Maro Gavra, Efstathios Boviatsis, Stefanos Korfias, Ploutarchos Karydakis, Marios Tmemistocleous

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebellal mutism syndrome,; cerebello-cerebral diaschisis; posterior fossa tumor; vermis language impairment

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:35:01 CET)

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Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS), also known as posterior fossa syndrome, is encountered in a subset of children who have undergone an operative procedure of the posterior cranial fossa, mainly involving the vermis, and the most frequent underlying pathology is proved to be medulloblastoma. The most common characteristics of this syndrome include an often transient, although protracted, language impairment, emotional lability, along with cerebellar, and brainstem dysfunction. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients experience persistent neurological deficits and lasting neurocognitive impairment. A lot of research and clinical studies have been performed in order to better delineate this syndrome. The main obstacles in our way to highlight all aspects of this syndrome were related with an inconsistent nomenclature, poorly defined diagnostic criteria, and uncertainty surrounding risk factors and etiology. Currently, there is a combination of diagnostic criteria that are regarded as prerequisites in order to establish the diagnosis of CMS. These include language impairment and emotional lability, as proposed by the international Board of the Posterior Fossa Society in their consensus statement. Several risk factors are recognized as implicated in the pathogenesis of this syndrome, including midline tumor location, diagnosis of medulloblastoma, younger age at diagnosis, and preoperatively established language impairment. A proposed etiology of CMS includes disruption of the cerebellar outflow tracts, the cerebellar nuclei, and their efferent projections through the superior cerebellar peduncle. Specific treatment for CMS is lacking, and it continues to be directed at symptom management. Our aim is to present a comprehensive narrative review of CMS etiology, diagnosis, risk factors, clinical presentation, and clinical management. Moreover, we attempt to recognize the most widely recognized priorities of the research community in order to expand our knowledge in the era of diagnostics, prevention, and therapeutic options for patients suffering from CM, or who are at risk for development of this syndrome.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0217.v1

Association Between Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Abnormal Glucose Risk: A Cohort Study

Robert A Sloan, Youngdeok Kim, Jonathan Kenyon, Marco Visentini Scarzanella, Susumu S Sawada, Xuemei Sui, I-Min Lee, Jonathan N Myers, Carl J Lavie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; physical activity; prediabetes; diabetes; abnormal blood glucose; electronic health records; epidemiology; prevention; primary care

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:15:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0215.v1

Micronutrients in the Treatment of ADHD: Speculation or Opportunity?

Maurizio Coppola, Raffaella Mondola, Francesco Bevione

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: ADHD; micronutrients; neurodevelopment; disattention; hyperactivity

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:58:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0214.v1

Lung-Heart Toxicity in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Hypofractionated Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer

Hilde Van Parijs, Elsa Cecilia-Joseph, Olena Gorobets, Guy Storme, Nele Adriaenssens, Benedicte Heyndrickx, Claire Verschraegen, Nam P. Nguyen, Mark De Ridder, Vincent Vinh-Hung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast; Targeted Radiotherapy; Lung injury; Heart injuries; Health-Related Quality Of Life; Irradiation toxicity.

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:17:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0208.v1

Risk Factors for Recurrent Vitreous Hemorrhage in Type 2 Diabetes Patients after Posterior Vitrectomy

Marc Baget-Bernaldiz, Pedro Romero-Aroca, Alejandra Mira-Puerto, Angel Bautista-Perez, Immaculada Roca-Borrut, Montse Vizcarro, Raul Navarro-Gil, Monica Llagostera-Serra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy; recurrent vitreous hemorrhage; diabetes duration; anemia; posterior vitreous; retinal laser photocoagulation

Online: 12 December 2022 (14:59:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0207.v1

Potential Role of Carbon Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Malignant Brain Gliomas

Maria Caffo, Antonello Curcio, Gerardo Caruso, Kumar Rajiv, Antonino Germanò

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Drug Delivery; Carbon Nanomaterials; Cerebral Gliomas; Glioblastoma; Nanoparticles.

Online: 12 December 2022 (14:56:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0195.v1

Machine Learning based Prediction of Pain Response to Palliative Radiation Therapy - is there a Role for Planning CT-based Radiomics and Semantic Imaging Features?

Oscar Llorián-Salvador, Joachim Akhgar, Steffi Pigorsch, Kai Borm, Stefan Münch, Denise Bernhardt, Burkhard Rost, Miguel Andrade-Navarro, Stephanie Combs, Jan Peeken

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: radiomics; machine learning; radiation therapy; bone metastases; prediction

Online: 12 December 2022 (08:22:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0187.v1

Optical Properties of Tissue in Near-infrared Region for NIRS-based Medical Imaging

Manob Jyoti Saikia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: near-infrared; spectroscopy; tissue; medical imaging; diffuse optical tomography; fNIRS

Online: 12 December 2022 (03:26:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0183.v1

Sports Cranio-Brain Injury. Diagnostics and Prevention of Complications

Oleg Alexeevich Shevelev, Alexander Smolensky, Marina Petrova, Mikhail Yu Yuriev, Maria Aleksandrovna Zdanova, Elias Mesfin Mengistu, Inna Zelikovna Kostenkova, Darina Menzhurenkova, Sergey Vesnin, Igor Goryanin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: hypothermia; sportstr; brain injury; rehabilitation; hyperthermia

Online: 9 December 2022 (14:50:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0182.v1

The Patellostabilometer: A New Device for Quantification of Mediolateral Patella Displacement

Krzysztof Lachowski, Florian Hammermeister, Bastian Halenz, Florian Lieckefett, Thomas Götze, Robert Prill, Roland Becker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: patella mobility; displacement; instability; patella; patellofemoral joint; instrumented measurement; anterior knee pain; knee anatomy; measurement reliability

Online: 9 December 2022 (13:14:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0175.v1

Dexrazoxane: Exposing the Vulnerability of SARS-CoV-2

Keith McCormack

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Poly(A); dexrazoxane; supramolecular self-assembly; base stacking

Online: 9 December 2022 (09:55:12 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0172.v1

Management of Patients with Combined Height Injury

Vania Nikolaeva Anastasova, Stanislav Karamitev, Elean Zanzov, Aleksandar Georgiev, Kiril Todorov Atliev, Elena Krasteva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: muscle-skeletal traumas (MST); injury; fracture stabilization; local flaps; skin-grafting

Online: 9 December 2022 (07:13:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0170.v1

Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound-mediated Blood-brain Barrier Opening Increases Anti-programmed Death-ligand 1 Delivery and Efficacy in Gl261 Mouse Model

Mohammed H Ahmed, Emie Quissac, Nolwenn Lemaire, Isaias Hernández-Verdín, Noël Zahr, Charlotte Schmitt, Guillaume Bouchoux, Michael Canney, M.D. Santin, Alexandra Petiet, Laura Mouton, Coralie Guerin, Lea Guyonnet, Marc Sanson, Maïté Verreault, Alexandre Carpentier, Ahmed Idbaih

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: SonoCloud; GL261 mouse model; ultrasound-mediated drug delivery; glioblastoma; immune checkpoint inhibitors

Online: 9 December 2022 (02:59:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0165.v1

The Association between Screening for Colorectal Cancer and Measures of Mental and Physical Health.

yiting gong, Louise Keogh, Carlene Wilson, Mark Jenkins

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Colorectal cancer screening; SF-12

Online: 9 December 2022 (01:08:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0162.v1

Stability Study of Temocillin for Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy

Beatriz Fernández-Rubio, Laura Herrera-Hidalgo, María Victoria Gil-Navarro, Luis E López-Cortés, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Rafael Luque-Márquez, Arístides De Alarcón, Sonia Luque-Pardos, Autora Fernández-Polo, José María Gutiérrez-Urbón, Alicia Gutiérrez-Valencia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Temocillin; Stability; Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy; Temperatures; Elastomeric devices; Infusion bags

Online: 8 December 2022 (14:32:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0154.v1

Risk Factors for Neonatal Hypothermia at Arba Minch General Hospital, Ethiopia

Tilahun Ferede Asena, Tegenu Tento, Meseret Alemayehu, Asmare Wube

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Mean sojourn time; Multi-state Markov model; Transition rate

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:55:34 CET)

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Background: The first few minutes after birth are the most dangerous for the survival of an infant. Babies in neonatal intensive care units are either under heated or overheated, and hypothermic infants remain hypothermic or develop a fever. As a result, special attention must be paid to monitoring and maintaining the time of recovery from hypothermia states. Despite numerous studies, only a few have examined the transition from neonatal hypothermia and associated risk factors in depth. Method: A retrospective observational study was conducted to track axillary temperatures taken at the time of neonatal intensive care unit admission, which were then tracked every 30 minutes until the newborn's temperature stabilized. All hypothermic neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2018 and December 2020 was included in the study. Temperature data were available at birth and within the first three hours of admission for 391 eligible hypothermic neonates. The effect of factors on the transition rate in different states of hypothermia was estimated using a multi-state Markov model. Result: The likelihood of progressing from mild to severe hypothermia was 5%, while the likelihood of progressing to normal was 34%. The average time spent in a severe hypothermia state was 48, 35, and 24 minutes for three different levels of birth weight, and 53, 41, and 31 minutes for low, moderate, and normal Apgar scores, respectively. Furthermore, the mean sojourn time in a severe hypothermia state was 48, 39, and 31 minutes for three different levels of high, normal, and low pulse rate, respectively. Conclusion: For hypothermic survivors within the first three hours of life, very low birth weight, low Apgar, and high pulse rate had the strongest association with hypothermia and took the longest time to improve/recover. As a result, there is an urgent need to train all levels of staff dealing with maintaining the time of recovery from neonatal hypothermia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0152.v1

Eugenio Martelli, Matilde Zamboni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Massimo Sangiorgi, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Teresa Messina, Paolo Frigatti, Maria Pia Borrelli, Carlo Ruotolo, Ilaria Ficarelli, Paolo Rubino, Francesco Pezzo, Luciano Carbonari, Andrea Angelini, Edoardo Galeazzi, Luca Calia Di Pinto, Franco Michelino Fiore, Armado Palmieri, Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Franco Ragni, Antonio Bozzani, Enzo Forliti, Claudio Castagno, Pietro Volpe, Mafalda Massara, Diego Moniaci, Elisa Pagliasso, Tania Peretti, Mauro Ferrari, Nicola Troisi, Pietro Modugno, Maurizio Maiorano, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Marco Panagrosso, Mario Monaco, Giovanni Giordano, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Antonella Biello, Giovanni Maria Celoria, Alessio Amico, Mauro Di Bartolo, Massimiliano Martelli, Roberta Munaó, Davide Razzano, Giovanni Colacchio, Francesco Bussetti, Gaetano Lanza, Antonio Cardini, Bartolomeo Di Benedetto, Mario De Laurentis, Maurizio Taurino, Pasqualino Sirignano, Pierluigi Cappiello, Andrea Esposito, Santi Trimarchi, Silvia Romagnoli, Andrea Padricelli, Giorgio Giudice, Adolfo Crinisio, Giovanni Di Nardo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Rosario Tringale, Salvatore De Vivo, Rita Compagna, Valerio Stefano Tolva, Ilenia D'Alessio, Ruggiero Curci, Simona Giovannetti, Giuseppe D'Arrigo, Giusi Basile, Dalmazio Frigerio, Gian Franco Veraldi, Luca Mezzetto, Arnaldo Ippoliti, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; outcome; sex; age; limb salvage

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:39:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0149.v1

The Effects of Social Support on Depression and Vital Exhaustion during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Viktor Rekenyi, Szabolcs Garbóczy, Anita Szemán-Nagy, Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi, Mohamed Sayed-Ahmad, László Róbert Kolozsvári

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: international students, social support, depression, vital exhaustion

Online: 8 December 2022 (08:51:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0146.v1

Solving STODS - Surgical Temporary Ocular Discomfort Syndrome

Matthew Hirabayashi, Bradley P. Barnett

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: STODS; GOLD optimization; LASIK; dry eye

Online: 8 December 2022 (06:39:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0140.v1

High-Throughput Drug Screening on Borrelia Garinii and Borrelia Afzelii Identified Hypocrellin A as an Active Drug Candidate against Borrelia Species

Tingting Li, Yuxian Xin, Dongxia Liu, Jingrong Sun, Jingwei Li, Ying Zhang, Jie Feng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Drug screening; Borrelia afzelii; Borrelia garinii; Persister; Hypocrellin A; biofilm

Online: 8 December 2022 (02:24:04 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0131.v1

Survey of Anaphylaxis during Rasburicase Re-Administration in Patients with Hematological Malignancies Using a Japanese Claims Database

Shunsuke Kobayashi, Takeo Yasu, Manabu Akazawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: rasburicase; anaphylaxis; re-administration; hematological malignancies; claims data

Online: 7 December 2022 (11:54:18 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0128.v1

A Fatal Case of Native Valve Endocarditis With Multiple Embolic Phenomena and Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia: A Case Report From the Maldives

Ali Shafeeq, Hisham Ahmed Imad, Ahmed Azhad, Migdhaadh Shareef, Mohamed Shaneez Najmy, Mohamed Mausool Siraj, Mohamed Sunil, Rimsha Rafeeu, Aishath Sofa Moosa, Ahmed Shaheed, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Wasin Matsee, Pyae Linn Aung, Wang Nguitragool, Tatsuo Shioda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: infective endocartidis; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; mitral valve

Online: 7 December 2022 (10:47:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0110.v1

Antibiotic Stewardship in Nonoperative Management of Perforated Appendicitis: Oral Antibiotics Are an Alternative

Alvaro Eduardo Galvis, Robert Bucayu, Rebecca John, Yigit Guner MD, Antonio C. Arrieta, Delma J. Nieves

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: discharge antibiotics; complicated Appendicitis; nonoperative management; antimicrobial treatment

Online: 7 December 2022 (02:22:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0101.v1

How Does Status of Longitudinal Arch of Feet Affect Sports Performances in Adolescent Basketball Players in Iceland?

Thordis Gísladóttir, Milos Petrovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: flat feet, Clark angle, performances, basketball, trend, correlation.

Online: 6 December 2022 (10:15:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0098.v1

Are Semiquantitative Methods Superior to Deauville Scoring in Monitoring Therapy Response of Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Firuz Ibrahim, Michela Gabelloni, Lorenzo Faggioni, Subramanyam Padma, Arun R. Visakh, Dania Cioni, Emanuele Neri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma; chemotherapy; positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT); fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG); Deauville score; standardized uptake value (SUV); response prediction.

Online: 6 December 2022 (09:55:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0089.v1

Evgeny Blagovechtchenski, Maria Koriakina, Dimitri Bredikhin, Olga Agranovich, Dzerassa Kadieva, Evgenia Ermolovich, Iiro P Jääskeläinen, Anna N Shestakova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cognitive function; arthrogryposis; obstetrics palsy; children; motor disorder

Online: 6 December 2022 (02:31:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0087.v1

Interrelation Midst Low T3 Levels, Type 3 Deiodinase, Oxidative Stress And Mortality In Sepsis and Septic Shock: Defining Patient Outcome

Josi Vidart, Luiza Axelrud, Andre Cardozo Braun, Rafael A. Marschner, Simone Magagnin Wajner

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: low T3 syndrome, oxidative stress, sepsis, septic shock, thyroid hormone, type 3 deiodinase

Online: 6 December 2022 (02:18:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0084.v1

Relationships between Effects of Ag Nanoparticles and Ag Salt on Behavioral and Cognitive Functions of Mice and Ageing

Anna A. Antsiferova, Marina Yu. Kopaeva, Pavel K. Kashkarov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: nanoform; nanoparticle; nanoparticles; silver; silver citrate; ageing; behavioral functions; cognitive functions; stress; individual content

Online: 6 December 2022 (01:33:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0083.v1

Combination Therapy of Irreversible Electroporation and Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells for Treating Mice Bearing Panc02 Pancreatic-Cancer Xenografts

Baohua Wang, Huiyang Wang, Lan Yue, Qiang Chen, Junjie Dong, Tian'an Jiang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Irreversible electroporation; Cytokine-induced killer cells; Combination therapy; Pancreatic cancer; Chemokine receptors

Online: 6 December 2022 (01:31:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0079.v1

Oligonucleotide Therapeutics for Age-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Successes and Challenges

Thomas A. Nicholson, Michael Sagmeister, Susanne N. Wijesinghe, Hussein Farah, Rowan S. Hardy, Simon W. Jones

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Skeletal muscle; sarcopenia; osteoarthritis; osteoporosis; rheumatoid arthritis; oligonucleotides; cartilage; bone; synovium

Online: 5 December 2022 (15:23:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0078.v1

Assessment of Needs and Expectations of Expectant and New Parents as a Fundamental Step in Co-design of a mHealth Application Supporting the First 1000 Days of Life

Laura Brunelli, Sofia Bussolaro, Raffaella Dobrina, Chiara De Vita, Elena Mazzolini, Giuseppa Verardi, Maura Degrassi, Maria Piazza, Andrea Cassone, Anja Starec, Giuseppe Ricci, Sara Zanchiello, Tamara Stampalija

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: mHealth; pregnancy; app; first 1000 days; co-design; expectant parents

Online: 5 December 2022 (14:43:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0077.v1

An Overview of Malaria Transmission Mechanisms, Control, and Modeling

Merveille Koissi Savi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Complexity; policy-recommendation; mathematical models

Online: 5 December 2022 (11:33:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0073.v1

Rapid Evaluation of the Xpert ® Xpress CoV-2 Plus and Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV Plus Tests

Lara Dominique Noble, Lesley Erica Scott, Riffat Munir, Mignon Du Plessis, Kim Steegen, Lucia Hans, Puleng Marokane, Pedro Da Silva, Wendy Susan Stevens

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: SARS-COV-2; respiratory tests; Xpert® Xpress COV-2 plus; Xpert(2) Xpress COV-2/Flu/RSV plus; diagnostic evaluation; novel target

Online: 5 December 2022 (10:17:58 CET)

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The Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 and Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV tests were rapidly developed and widely used during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. In response to emerging genetic variability, a new SARS-CoV-2 target (RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase) has been added to both tests: Xpert® Xpress CoV-2 plus and Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus test. A rapid evaluation of both tests was performed in South Africa, using residual respiratory specimens. Residual respiratory specimens (n=125) were used to evaluate the Xpert® Xpress CoV-2 plus test and included 50 genotyped specimens. The Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus test was assessed using 45 genotyped SARS-CoV-2 specimens, ten influenza A, ten Influenza B and twenty respiratory syncytial virus specimens. Results were com-pared to in-country standard of care tests. Genotyped specimens tested the performance of the test under pressure from circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Reference material was included to assess the test limits and linearity. The Xpert® Xpress CoV-2 plus test performance compared to reference results across residual respiratory specimens was good (positive per-centage agreement (PPA)=95.2%, negative percentage agreement (NPA)=95.0%) The Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus test showed good performance across all residual respiratory specimens (PPA=100%, NPA=98.3%). All genotyped variants of concern were detected by both tests. The Xpert® Xpress CoV-2 plus and Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus tests can be used to diagnose SARS-CoV-2, and to diagnose and differentiate SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial virus respectively. The NPA was lower than the recommended 99%, but was influenced by the low number of negative specimens tested. The variants of concern assessed did not affect test performance. It is recommended that sites perform their own assessments compared to in-country standard of care tests.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0069.v1

Human Adipose Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Induce Immune Responses in Mice but Not in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Dong Oh Kim, Young Chan Choi, Woojin Kim, Ji Suk Choi, Kyoung Soo Lee, Yong Woo Cho, Byoung-Seok Lee, Min Heui Yoo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: human adipose mesenchymal stem cell; human peripheral blood mononuclear cells; cytokine; immune cell frequency; C57BL/6 mouse; ICR mouse

Online: 5 December 2022 (09:01:51 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0066.v1

Thrombo-inflammation in COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Faces of the Same Coin

Kate Chander Chiang, Ajay Gupta, Prithu Sundd, Lakshmanan Krishnamurti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Sickle Cell Disease; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vaso-occlusive Crisis; Pain; Thromboxane; Prostaglandin D2; Thrombo-inflammation; Acute Chest Syndrome; Ramatroban

Online: 5 December 2022 (08:00:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0064.v1

Application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Detecting and Preventing Suicide Ideation: A Systematic Review

Abayomi Arowosegbe, Tope Oyelade

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Natural language processing; NLP; Text mining; Suicide; Suicide-Ideation; Mental Health

Online: 5 December 2022 (07:34:30 CET)

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Introduction: Around a million people are reported to die by suicide every year, and due to the stigma associated with the nature of the death, this figure is usually assumed to be an underestimate. Suicide may be prevented if prompt intervention is taken to mitigate risk. Machine learning and artificial intelligence-based modelling, such as natural language processing (NLP) and other text analytics approaches, has the potential to become a major technique for the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of people who are suffering from mental health issues. The primary aims of this research are to determine whether NLP techniques have been utilised in the field of suicide prevention, and if so, were they effective? What were their limitations? Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and Global Health databases were searched for studies that reported use of NLP for suicide ideation or self-harm. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise and analyse the included studies. Findings were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used in assessing paper quality. Result: The preliminary search of five databases generated 387 results. Removal of duplicates resulted in 158 potentially suitable studies. Twenty papers were finally included in this review. Discussion: Studies show that combining structured and unstructured data in NLP data modelling yielded more accurate results than utilizing either alone. Also, to reduce suicides, people with mental problems must be continuously and passively monitored. Further, NLP and other machine learning/artificial intelligence technologies can be used to address health inequities and electronic health records provide valuable data for creating suicide risk tools. Finally, Online, social media, and smartphone applications can be leverage in detecting people with suicide ideation. Conclusion: The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning opens new avenues for considerably guiding risk prediction and advancing suicide prevention frameworks. The review's analysis of the included research revealed that the use of NLP may result in low-cost and effective alternatives to existing resource-intensive methods of suicide prevention. To summarise, there is substantial evidence that NLP is useful in identifying people who have suicide ideation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0061.v1

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Mortality in Severe COVID 19 Cases

Srivatsa R, Supriya P S, Samaga L N

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Covid-19; Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR); severe covid pneumonia

Online: 5 December 2022 (06:26:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0051.v1

AI-based Detection of Aspiration for Video-endoscopy with Visual Aids in Meaningful Frames to Interpret the Model Outcome

Jürgen Konradi, Milla Zajber, Ullrich Betz, Philipp Drees, Annika Gerken, Hans Meine

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: XAI; segmentation; detection; aspiration; glottis; vocal cords; endoscopy; FEES; interpretability; meaningful sequences; key frames

Online: 2 December 2022 (12:22:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0044.v1

Long-term Results after Autologous Breast Reconstruction with DIEP Versus PAP Flaps based on Quality of Life and Aesthetic Outcome Analysis

Angela Augustin, Evi M. Morandi, Selina Winkelmann, Ines Schoberleitner, Daniel Egle, Magdalena Ritter, Thomas Bauer, Tanja Wachter, Dolores Wolfram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer; mastectomy; autologous breast reconstruction; PAP flap; DIEP flap; donor-site morbidity; quality of life; aesthetic outcome; scar quality; Breast Q

Online: 2 December 2022 (09:57:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0042.v1

Is it all about Surface Topography? An Intraindividual Clinical Outcome Analysis of Two Different Implant Surfaces in Breast Reconstruction

Ines Schoberleitner, Angela Augustin, Daniel Egle, Christine Brunner, Birgit Amort, Bettina Zelger, Andrea Brunner, Dolores Wolfram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: nipple-sparing mastectomy; prophylactic implant-based breast reconstruction; SMI (silicone mammary implants); SMI surface topography; surface roughness; fibrosis; capsular contracture; aesthetic outcome; intra-individual comparison; titanised mesh implant pocket

Online: 2 December 2022 (07:40:06 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0041.v1

Fatal Case of Imported Tick-Borne Encephalitis in South Serbia

Lidija Popović Dragonjić, Miodrag Vrbić, Aleksandar Tasić, Verica Simin, Ivana Bogdan, Dragana Mijatović, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz, Pavle Banović

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: tick-borne encephalitis; tick; Serbia; Switzerland; fatal

Online: 2 December 2022 (07:14:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0036.v1

COVID-19 in Infants and Children under 2 years – Lung Ultrasound Score Correlated with Biomarkers and Symptoms

Emil Robert Stoicescu, Jovan Lovrenski, Roxana Iacob, Simona Cerbu, Daniela Iacob, Emil Radu Iacob, Septimiu Radu Susa, Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca, Andreea Ciornei-Hoffman, Cristian Oancea, Diana Luminita Manolescu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: lung ultrasound; infants; children; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Online: 2 December 2022 (02:29:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0032.v1

S protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword?

Reza Nejat, Maziar Fayaz Torshizi, David J. Najafi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: ACE2; Ang II; angiotensin(1-7); AT1R; Cathepsin; cell entry; COVID-19; Endocytosis; ERK1/2; Furin; IL-1β; IL-6; MAPK; MasR; NF-κB; PLC; PKC; RAS; RBD; SARS-CoV2; S protein; TMPRSS2; TNF-α

Online: 2 December 2022 (02:19:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0030.v1

Controls of Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure and Hemorrhagic/Hypovolemic Shock

Amaresh K. Ranjan, Anil Gulati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Disorder; Hypertension; Hypotension; Hypoxia; Baroreflex; Hemorrhagic Shock; Hypovolemic Shock; Vasopressure; Resuscitation; Centhaquine (Lyfaquin); Sympathetic System; Parasympathetic System; Adrenoreceptors

Online: 2 December 2022 (02:00:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0026.v1

The Financial Toxicity of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment in Low Middle-Income Countries

Nabil Elhadi Omar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Advanced Hepatocellular carcinoma; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Low middle-income countries; Financial Toxicity

Online: 1 December 2022 (10:33:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0057.v2

A New Set-up of Vanishing Antibodies: A Biennial Follow-up of Five Different Clients’ Humoral Responses Against Sars-Cov-2 After Systemic Vaccination in an Oncology Hospital in Poland

Piotr Kosiorek, Samuel Stróż, Anna Hryniewicz, Robert Milewski, Klaudia Bartoszewicz, Anna Stasiak-Barmuta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; BNT162b2; vaccination; S-RBD; SARS-CoV-2; seroconversion

Online: 1 December 2022 (10:22:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0022.v1

FABRY DISEASE: Switch from Enzyme Replacement Therapy to Oral Chaperone Migalastat. What Do We Know Today?

Fernando Perretta, Sebastián Jaurretche

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Fabry disease; globotriaosylceramide; α-galactosidase-A; enzyme replacement therapy; chaperone therapy; migalastat

Online: 1 December 2022 (09:50:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0556.v2

SamPy: A New Python Library for Stochastic Spatial Agent-Based Modeling in Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases

Francois Viard, Emily Acheson, Agathe Allibert, Caroline Sauve, Patrick Leighton

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Agent-based-model; epidemiology; python; zoonotic diseases

Online: 1 December 2022 (02:09:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0004.v1

Quantitative Proteomic Characterization of Foreign Body Response towards Silicone Breast Implants Identifies Chronological Disease-Relevant Biomarker Dynamics

Ines Schoberleitner, Klaus Faserl, Bettina Sarg, Daniel Egle, Christine Brunner, Dolores Wolfram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: SMI (silicone mammary implants); FBR (foreign body response); wound healing; wound infection; capsular fibrosis; implant encapsulation; early-stage fibrosis; surface adsorption; immunomics; biomarkers

Online: 1 December 2022 (02:02:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0575.v1

New Perspectives on the Adverse Effects of NSAIDs in Cancer Pain: An Italian Delphi Study from the Rational Use of Analgesics (RUA) Group

Giustino Varrassi, Flaminia Coluzzi, Diego Fornasari, Flavio Fusco, Walter Gianni, Vittorio Guardamagna, Filomena Puntillo, Giovanni Sotgiu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Cancer pain; NSAIDs; paracetamol; adverse events

Online: 30 November 2022 (14:11:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0562.v1

Influencing Factors for the Implementation of School-based Interventions Promoting Obesity Prevention Behaviors in Children with Low Socioeconomic Status: A Systematic Review

Friederike Butscher, Jan Ellinger, Monika Singer, Christoph Mall

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: health equity; implementation; obesity; systematic review; CFIR; qualitative review; school-based interventions; children; facilitators

Online: 30 November 2022 (03:59:34 CET)

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Background: Health inequity (HI) remains a major challenge in public health. Improving the health of children with low socioeconomic status (SES) can help to reduce overall HI in children. Childhood obesity is a global problem, entailing several adverse health effects. It is crucial to assess influencing factors for adoption, implementation and sustainment of interventions. This review aims to identify articles reporting about influencing factors for the implementation of school-based interventions promoting obesity prevention behaviors in children with low SES. It aims to critically appraise the articles’ quality, assess influencing factors, categorize and evaluate them, and to discuss possible implications. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in 7 databases with the following main inclusion criteria: 1) school-based interventions and 2) target group aged 5–14 years. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, its five domains (intervention characteristics, inner setting, outer setting, characteristics of individuals, process) along with 39 constructs within these domains were used to deductively analyze the data. We grouped the articles with regard to the characteristics of the interventions in simple and complex interventions. For each domain, and for the groups of simple and complex interventions, the most commonly reported influencing factors are identified. Results: 6452 articles were screened, and 16 met all eligibility criteria. Included articles applied mixed methods (n=10), qualitative (n=5) and quantitative design (n=1). Of these, five were considered to report simple interventions and eleven were considered to report complex interventions. In total, 295 influencing factors were assessed. Aspects of the inner setting were reported in every study, aspects of the outer setting were the least reported domain, and in the group of simple interventions not reported at all. In the inner setting, most reported influencing factors were time (n=7), scheduling (n=6) and communication (n=6). Conclusion: This review found a wide range of influencing factors for implementation. Most important influencing factors need to be assessed for every setting. Including all stakeholders involved in the implementation process enhances the prioritization of the most important influencing factors for the specific setting. More empirical research and practical guidance are needed to promote obesity prevention behaviors among children with low SES.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0560.v1

Eosinophilic Inflammation and Its Association with Small Airway Dysfunction in COPD Patients by Biomass

Oliver Pérez-Bautista, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas, Yadira Velasco-Torres, Martha Montaño, Carlos Ramos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: airways obstruction; biomass smoke; COPD; cytokines; eosinophils; impulse oscillome-try; tobacco smoking

Online: 30 November 2022 (03:40:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0555.v1

Assessment of Nutritional Status and Risk of Malnutrition Using Adapted Standard Tools in Patients with Mental Illness and in Need of Intensive Psychiatric Treatment

Ladina Risch, Florian Hotzy, Stefan Vetter, Sascha Hiller, Kathrin Wallimann, Erich Seifritz, Sonja Mötteli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: nutritional risk screening; severe mental illness; psychiatric treatment; BMI; nutritional status; malnutrition; depression; schizophrenia; nutrition; diet

Online: 30 November 2022 (02:44:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0551.v1

Laboratory and Metabolomic Fingerprint in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Clinical Classification to Biomarker Signature

Alberto Palazzuoli, Francesco Tramonte, Matteo Beltrami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: biomarkers; Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; Metabolomic; microRNA

Online: 29 November 2022 (11:58:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0549.v1

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: air pollution; PM2.5; depression; inflammation; ecological analysis; climate; gender

Online: 29 November 2022 (10:12:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0541.v1

Dispersion of Airborne Nanoparticles in a Gas-Liquid Dual-Microchannel Separated by a Porous Membrane: A Numerical Study

Zohreh Sheidaei, Pooria Akbarzadeh, Carlotta Guiducci, Navid Kashaninejad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: lung-on-a-chip; porous membrane; gas-liquid dual-channel chip; nanoparticle; numerical simulation

Online: 29 November 2022 (07:32:29 CET)

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Recently, there has been increasing attention toward inhaled nanoparticles (NPs) to develop in-halation therapies for diseases associated with the pulmonary system and investigate the toxic ef-fects of hazardous environmental particles on human lung health. Taking advantage of microfluidic technology for cell culture applications, lung-on-a-chip devices with great potential in replicating the lung air-blood barrier (ABB) have opened new research insights in preclinical pathology and therapeutic studies associated with aerosol NPs. Surprisingly, the air interface in such devices, which makes them tremendously unique among the other common liquid-based cellular mi-crosystems and enables exposure of cultivated cells to the drug/toxic aerosols, has been largely disregarded. Accordingly, there exists a significant research gap in the comprehensive under-standing of the NPs’ dynamics in the lung-on-a-chip devices, which is momentous to control the injection of aerosols to the target area and attain a desired physiochemical efficacy. To address this research gap, a numerical parametric study is presented to provide a deep insight into the dynamic behavior of the airborne NPs in a gas-liquid dual-channel lung-on-a-chip device with a porous membrane separating the channels. A finite element multi-physics model is developed to enable a particle tracing investigation simultaneously in both air and medium phases to replicate the in vivo conditions avoiding laborious and costly experimental trials. The results include the impact of fluid flow as well as geometrical properties on the distribution, deposition, and translocation of the NPs with diameters ranging from 10 nm to 900 nm in the lung-on-a-chip. The obtained results strongly suggest the aerosol injection of NPs instead of the aqueous solution for more efficient deposition on the substrate of the air channel and higher translocation to the media channel. The current study proposes to optimize the affecting parameters to control the injection and delivery of aerosol par-ticles into the lung-on-chip device depending on the objectives of biomedical investigations and provides optimized values for some specific cases. Therefore, this study can assist scientists and researchers in complementing their experimental investigation in future preclinical studies on pulmonary pathology associated with inhaled hazardous and toxic environmental particles, as well as therapeutic studies for developing inhalation drug delivery.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0539.v1

Predictive Performance of Machine Learning- Based Methods for The Prediction of Preeclampsia- A Prospective Study

Alina Melinte, Ingrid-Andrada Vasilache, Demetra Socolov, Marian Melinte

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: preeclampsia; prediction; machine leaning; pregnancy; first trimester

Online: 29 November 2022 (07:09:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0529.v1

Surveillance of Daughter Micronodule Formation is A Key Factor for Vaccine Evaluation Using Experimental Infection Models of Tuberculosis in Macaques

Isabel Nogueira, Martí Català, Andrew D White, Sally A Sharpe, Jordi Bechini, Clara Prats, Cristina Vilaplana, Pere-Joan Cardona

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: tuberculosis; BCG vaccine; aerosol vaccination; non-human primate; macaque; bubble model; computed tomography scanner

Online: 29 November 2022 (03:29:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0514.v1

Barefoot vs Shod Running: An Analysis of Lower Limb Joint Forces

James Paxton, Graham Arnold, Sadiq Nasir, Weijie Wang, Rami Abboud

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Running; Joint force; Barefoot; Osteoarthritis; Injury

Online: 28 November 2022 (10:53:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0513.v1

Methylation Profile of Small Breast Cancer Tumors

Aleksey M. Krasnyi, Alsu A. Sadekova, Vlada V. Kometova, Valeriy V. Rodionov, Gennadiy T. Sukhikh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer; small tumors; DNA methylation; CCDC181; ZNF177; fibroadenoma; biomarker; MS-HRM; pyrosequencing

Online: 28 November 2022 (10:51:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0498.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) specifically detect humoral immune reactions in an ELISA based platform

Stefan Hirschberg, Hannes Bauer, Julian Kamhieh-Milz, Frauke Ringel, Christoph Harms, Omar Kamal Eddin, Axel Pruß, Katja Hanack, Kai Schulze-Forster

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Virus-Like Particle (VLP); SARS-CoV-2; in vitro diagnostic device (IVD); Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA); Immune reaction; Antibodies

Online: 28 November 2022 (07:06:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0496.v1

Factors Associated with Treatment Outcomes among Patients Living with HIV and Hypertension Comorbidity in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Monwabisi Faleni, Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda, Ncane Ziphelele, Guillermo Alfredo Pulido Estrada, Teke Apalata, Sibusiso Cyprian Cyprian Nomatshila

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: hypertension, comorbidity, HIV, antiretroviral treatment, treatment outcomes

Online: 28 November 2022 (06:04:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0486.v1

Simultaneous Assessment of Reactive Oxygen Species and Radiosensitization of Brain Cancer Cells using Nanoparticle Spectroscopy

Honour Djam, Harrison Kramer, Caleb Thiegs, Anne Hubbard, Yohan Walter, Michael Merrick, Michael Mimlitz, Catherine Weeder, Haris Akhter, Megha Jacob, Gargee Khaparde, Ashley Abraham, Joe Bamesberger, Andrew Ekpenyong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Glioblastoma; Radioresistance; Radiosensitizer; ROS; Nanoparticle; Radiotherapy

Online: 28 November 2022 (01:48:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0474.v1

Combining Semi-targeted Metabolomics and Machine Learning to Identify Metabolic Alterations in Serum and Urine of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Gerard Baiges-Gaya, Simona Iftimie, Helena Castañé, Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs, Andrea Jiménez-Franco, Ana F. López-Azcona, Antoni Castro, Jordi Camps, Jorge Joven

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Keywords: biomarkers; COVID-19; machine learning; metabolomics; SARS-CoV-2.

Online: 25 November 2022 (08:05:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0466.v1

Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Enhances Tumor Cell Sus-ceptibility to Gamma Delta T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Tumor Infiltration

Yi-Ching Chen, Yu-Kang Chang, Min-Che Tung, Keng-Li Lan, Yuk-Wah Tsang, Heng-Jui Chang, Gin-Hao Hu, Long-Sheng Lu, Stephen W Leung, Pei-Wei Shueng, Shih-Kai Hung, Yee Chao, Yu-Shan Wang, Yu-Chi Chiu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: γδT, gamma delta T; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; TIL; cell therapy; cancer immunotherapy; hyperthermia; modulated electro-hyperthermia

Online: 25 November 2022 (03:15:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0462.v1

Diagnostic Significance of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-199a-5p Panel and Ratios in Hepatocellular Carcinoma on top of Liver Cirrhosis in HCV Infected Patients

Mona A. Eldosoky, Reham Hammad, Asmaa A. Elmadbouly, Reda Badr Aglan, Sherihan G. AbdelHamid, Mohamed Alboraie, Donia Ahmed Hassan, Mohamed A Shaheen, Areej Rushdi, Reem M Ahmed, Alzahra Abdelbadea, Neamat A. Abdelmageed, Ahmed Elshafei, Elham Ali, Omaima I Abo-Elkheir, Samy Zaky, Nadia M. Hamdy, Claude Lambert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: HCC; hsa-miR-21-5p; hsa-miR-155-5p; hsa-miR-192-5p; hsa-miR-199a-5p; liver cirrhosis; HCV; AFP-negative HCC

Online: 25 November 2022 (02:26:16 CET)

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) early diagnosis is challenging. Moreover, for patients with al-pha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC, this challenge is augmented. MicroRNAs (miRs) profile may serve as potential HCC molecular markers. We aimed to assess plasma homo sabines (hsa)-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-199a-5p expression levels, as panel of biomarkers for HCC in chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), es-pecially AFP-negative HCC cases, a step toward non-protein coding (nc) RNA precision medicine. Subjects and Methods: 79 patients enrolled with CHCV infection with LC, subclassified into LC group without HCC (n=40) and LC with HCC (n=39) in comparison with 15 apparently healthy control subjects. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure plasma hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p. Results: Plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p demonstrated significant upregulation, while hsa-miR-199a-5p demonstrated significant downregulation in the HCC group (n=39) when compared to LC group (n=40). Hsa-miR-21-5p expression was positively correlated with serum AFP, insulin, and insulin re-sistance (r=0.5, p<0.001, r=0.334, p=0.01, and r=0.303, p=0.02, respectively). According to the ROC curves, for differentiating HCC from LC, combining AFP with each of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and miR199a-5p improved the diagnostic sensitivity to 87%, 82%, and 84%, re-spectively, vs 69% for AFP alone, with an acceptable specificity of 77.5%, 77.5%, and 80%, respec-tively, and AUC= 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90, respectively vs. 0.85 for AFP alone. Hsa-miR-21-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p ratios discriminated HCC from LC at AUC=0.76 and 0.71, respectively, with sensitivities=94% and 92%, and specifici-ties=48% and 53%, respectively. Upregulation of plasma hsa-miR-21-5p was considered as an independent risk factor for HCC development [OR=1.198(1.063–1.329), p=0.002]. Conclusion: Combining each of hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and hsa-miR-199a-5p with AFP made possi-ble to identify HCC development in LC patients’ cohort with higher sensitivity than using AFP alone. Hsa-miR-21-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p/hsa-miR-199a-5p ratios are poten-tial HCC molecular markers for AFP-negative HCC patients. Hsa-miR-21-5p was linked to insu-lin metabolism in HCC patients’ group as well as being an upregulated independent risk factor for the emergence of HCC from LC in CHCV patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0454.v1

Does Losing Weight Lower the Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Nikolaos Tzenios, Mary Tazanios, Omasyarifa Binti Jamal Poh, Mohamed Chahine

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer, losing weight, interventions, physical activity, dietary restrictions, hormones.

Online: 24 November 2022 (06:30:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0452.v1

The Effect of Giving a Contrast Bath with an Elevation of 30° on Decreasing the Degree of Edema in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin

Siti Norkhalisa, Ruwaida Ruwaida, Aldrianto Aldrianto, Candra Kusuma Negara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Contrast bath. Edema, Elevation of feet 30 ° , Congestive heart failure

Online: 24 November 2022 (06:09:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0365.v2

Chronic Inflammation and Blood Cancer

Nikolaos Tzenios, Mary Tazanios, Mohamad Chahine

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: blood cancer; chronic inflammation; inflammation; mutation; tumor

Online: 24 November 2022 (02:55:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0232.v3

Does Cannabidiol (CBD) in Food Supplements Pose a Serious Health Risk? Consequences of the EFSA Clock Stop Regarding Novel Food Authorisation

Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Constanze Sproll, Patricia Golombek, Stephan G. Walch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: food safety; risk assessment; Cannabis sativa; tetrahydrocannabinol; food supplements; cannabidiol; benchmark dose; health-based guidance value (HBGV); liver toxicity

Online: 24 November 2022 (02:53:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0448.v1

COVID-19 Pathology Sheds New Light on Balance between Neutrophil Proteases and Their Inhibitors

Marko Radic, Vasuki Vindiya Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT); neutrophil elastase (NE); NETosis, PAD4, ARDS, COPD; neutrophils; COVID-19; TMPRSS2.

Online: 24 November 2022 (02:50:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0447.v1

EEG in Neurorehabilitation can have Several Uses other than BCI: Biomarkers to Predict/Monitor Recovery

Athanasia Tsiamalou, Efthimios Dardiotis, Konstantinos Paterakis, George Fotakopoulos, Ioannis Liampas, Markos Sgantzos, Vasileios Siokas, Alexandros G Brotis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: EEG; stroke; traumatic brain injury; neurorehabilitation; brain-machine interface

Online: 24 November 2022 (02:08:43 CET)

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Background: There is an increasing interest in the role of EEG in neurorehabilitation. We primarily aimed to identify the knowledge base through highly influential studies. Our secondary aims were to imprint the relevant thematic hotspots, research trends, and social networks within the scientific community. Methods: We performed an electronic search in Scopus looking for studies reporting on rehabilitation in patients with neurological disabilities. The most influential papers outlined the knowledge base, while a word co-occurrence analysis imprinted the research hotspots. Likewise, co-citation analyses highlighted collaboration networks between Universities, authors, and countries. The results were presented in summary tables, burst detection plots, and geospatial maps. Finally, a content review based on the top-20 most cited articles completed our study. Results: Our current bibliometric study was based on 874 records from 420 sources. There was a vivid research interest in EEG use for neurorehabilitation, with an annual growth rate as high as 14.3%. The most influential paper was the study titled "Brain-computer interfaces, a review" by Nicolas-Alfonso LF and Gomez-Gill J, with 997 citations, followed by "Brain-computer interfaces in neurological rehabilitation" by Daly J. and Wolpaw JR (708 citations). The USA, Italy, and Germany were among the most productive countries. The research hotspots shifted with time from the use of “functional magnetic imaging” to EEG-based “brain-machine interface”, “motor imagery”, and “deep learning”. Conclusions: EEG constitutes the most significant input in brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and can be successfully used in the neurorehabilitation of patients with stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and traumatic brain and spinal injury. EEG-based BCI facilitates training, communication, and control of wheelchair and exoskeletons. However, research is limited to specific scientific groups from developed countries. Evidence is expected to change with the broader availability of BCI and improvement in EEG filtering algorithms.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0446.v1

Device for Dual Ultrasound & Dry Needling Trigger Points Treatment

Gerardo Portilla, Francisco Montero de espinosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Ultrasound; Physiotherapy; Rehabilitation; Dry Needling

Online: 23 November 2022 (12:34:09 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0441.v1

A Dual Primary Malignancy – Ewing Sarcoma and Prostate Adenocarcinoma in A Single Patient

Arsen Shpigelman, David Maman, Benjamin Bernfeld

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Ewing sarcoma; Prostate adenocarcinoma; Cauda equina syndrome; Dual primary malignancy.

Online: 23 November 2022 (07:47:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0215.v2

Recent Advances in Double-Lumen Tube Malposition in Thoracic Surgery: A Bibliometric Analysis and Narrative Literature Review

Xi Zhang, Dong-Xu Wang, Jing-Qiu Wei, He Liu, Si-Ping Hu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Double lumen tube; Malposition; Thoracic surgery; Airway management; One-lung ventilation; Fiberoptic bronchoscopy; Bibliometric analysis

Online: 23 November 2022 (07:20:57 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0436.v1

Multiplex PCR Detects Respiratory Viruses at A Much Higher Rate in Kawasaki Disease

Masayuki Nagasawa, Teruyoshi Shimoyama, Sayuri Hashimoto, Ryuichi Nakagawa, Haruna Yokoyama, Mari Okada, Tomohiro Udagawa, Akihiro Oshiba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Kawasaki disease; febrile convulsions; respiratory virus; filmarray; multiplex PCR

Online: 23 November 2022 (07:02:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0433.v1

Modification Strategies for Ionic Complementary Self-Assembling Peptides: Taking RADA16-Ⅰ as an Example

Weiwei Guo, Yinping Ma, Lei Hu, Yujie Feng, Yanmiao Liu, Xuedong Yi, Wenzhi Zhang, Fushan Tang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: hydrogel; active motifs modification; regenerative medicine; Self-assembling peptide

Online: 23 November 2022 (05:11:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0428.v1

Reducing the Complexity of Musculoskeletal Models using Gaussian Process Emulators

Ivan Benemerito, Erica Montefiori, Alberto Marzo, Claudia Mazzà

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: statistical modelling; statistical emulators; sensitivity analysis; Gaussian Process; Sobol; musculoskeletal model

Online: 23 November 2022 (02:28:54 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0421.v1

Glycemia and New-onset Diabetes among COVID-19 Patients with Prediabetes: A Follow-up Study in India

Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Nirmala Devi Chandrasekaran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2, prediabetes; new-onset diabetes; diabetes; HbA1c; long COVID

Online: 22 November 2022 (10:39:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0417.v1

Relation between Cytokines Expression and Pulmonary Dysfunction among a Cohort of COVID-19 Patients

Salma A. El Kazafy, Yasser Fouad, Azza F. Said, Hebatallah H. Assal, Amr E. Ahmed, Osama M. Ahmed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: cytokines; pulmonary; COVID-19; CORADS; moderate; severe

Online: 22 November 2022 (09:56:04 CET)

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Aim: In individuals with COVID-19, the study assessed the relationship between cytokine expression and pulmonary dysfunction. These correlations may help to suggest strategies for prevention and therapies of coronavirus disease outbreak. Patients and methods: 50 healthy participants and 100 COVID-19 patients participated in this study. COVID-19 participants were subdivided into moderate and severe groups based on the severity of their symptoms. In both patients and controls, measurements of white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-35 were estimated. All the patients performed chest CT and CO-RADS score was assessed. Results: All patients had increased WBCs count and CRP, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-35 levels than healthy controls. While WBCs, CRP, and cytokines like IL-1β and IL-6 showed significantly higher levels in the severe group as compared to moderate patients, IL-4, IL-35, and IL-18 showed comparable levels in both disease groups. Furthermore, CO-RADS score was positively connected with WBCs, CRP, and cytokine levels (IL-35, IL-18, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-1β) in both groups, and lymphocyte levels in all patient groups considerably decreased as compared to the controls. CO-RADS score, also demonstrated a positive correlation with lymphocytes in the moderate COVID-19 patients, whereas in the severe patients, it demonstrated a negative correlation with lymphocytes. Conclusion: Severe COVID-19 patients, compared to individuals with moderate illness and healthy controls, patients had lower lymphocyte counts and increased CRP with greater WBCs counts. In contrast to moderate COVID-19 patients, severe COVID-19 patients had higher levels of IL-1β and IL-6, but IL-4, IL-18, and IL-35 between both illness categories at close levels. CO-RADS 5 was the most frequent category in both moderate and severe cases. Patients with a typical CO-RADS involvement had a higher CRP and white blood cell count with a lower lymphocyte count than the others. Cytokine levels were considered a surrogate markers of severe lung affection in COVID 19 patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0412.v1

Comparative Study of High-resolution LysB29(Nε-myristoyl) des(B30) Insulin Structures Display Novel Dynamic Causal Interrelations in Monomeric-Dimeric Motions

Esra Ayan, Ebru Destan, Abdullah Kepceoglu, Halil Ibrahim Ciftci, Ahmet Kati, Hasan DeMirci

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: long-acting insulin; detemir; X-ray crystallography; insulin dynamics; Gaussian Network Analysis

Online: 22 November 2022 (08:47:01 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0407.v1

On the Potential Therapeutic Roles of Taurine in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Alberto Rubio-Casillas, Elrashdy M. Redwan, Vladimir N. Uversky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Autism; autism spectrum disorder; autophagy; macrophage polarization; neurogenesis; taurine

Online: 22 November 2022 (05:46:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0401.v1

Voices from the Patients: A Qualitative Study of Integration of HIV, Tuberculosis, and Primary Healthcare Services in O.R Tambo District, South Africa

Ntandazo Dlatu, Teke Apalata, Kelechi Elizabeth Oladimeji

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: TB-HIV integration; Challenges and barriers; Patients; O.R Tambo District; Eastern Cape; South Africa

Online: 22 November 2022 (03:08:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0400.v1

The Adaptive Force as potential biomechanical parameter in the recovery process of patients with long COVID

Laura V Schaefer, Frank N Bittmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Adaptive Force; maximal isometric Adaptive Force; holding capacity; muscle function; Long COVID; post COVID syndrome; muscle weakness; fatigue; neuromuscular control; biomechanical parameter

Online: 22 November 2022 (03:04:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0386.v1

Efficacy Assessment of Autodissemination using Pyriproxyfen-Treated Ovitraps in the Reduction of Dengue Incidence in Two Barangays in Parañaque City, Philippines: A Spatial Analysis

Antonio D. Ligsay, Zypher Jude G. Regencia, Kristan Jela M. Tambio, Michelle Joyce M. Aytona, Alain Jason A. Generale, Grecebio Jonathan D. Alejandro, Jacquiline S. Tychuaco, Lilian A. De las Llagas, Emmanuel S. Baja, Richard Edward L. Paul

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: autodissemination; dengue; ovitraps; Philippines; pyriproxyfen; spatial analysis

Online: 21 November 2022 (09:44:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0364.v1

Weil's Disease - from Gut Dysbiosis to Immunopathogenesis and Multiple Organ Failure

Pavlo Petakh, Vitaliia Isevych, Valentyn Oksenych

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: leptospirosis; dysbiosis; Weil's disease

Online: 21 November 2022 (03:26:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0361.v1

Cardiac Autonomic Function in Long COVID-19 Using Heart Rate Variability: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Antonio da Silva Menezes Junior, Aline Andressa Schröeder, Silvia Marçal Botelho, Aline Lazara Resende

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Heart Rate Variability; Inflammatory markers; Long-term Covid-19; Autonomic nervous system.

Online: 21 November 2022 (01:21:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0353.v1

The Relationship between Association between Blood Pressure and Risk of Cancer Development

Nikolaos Tzenios, Mary Tazanios, Mohamad Chahine

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: high blood pressure; Cancer; malignancies; hypertension

Online: 18 November 2022 (10:05:11 CET)

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Background of the Study: We investigated the link between hypertension and cancer since it has been suggested that hypertension may raise the long-term risk of cancer. Previous large observational cohort studies found that greater blood pressure (BP) was related to a higher risk of cancer. Mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized to produce less confounded blood pressure estimates (BP) on overall and site-specific malignancies. The study aims to draw conclusions on the relationship between high blood pressure and cancer. Methods: Studies on high blood pressure and various malignancies are inconclusive, except for renal cell carcinoma. However, given that most meta-analyses only contained a limited number of trials, some relative risks had small to moderate magnitudes, and several may have been impacted by residual confounding, careful interpretation is necessary. The study was conducted using the meta-analysis technique. Cochran's Q test and I2 test were used to assess statistical heterogeneity between studies in the current investigation for research involving two or more cause and outcome combinations. Results: Positive correlations were also reported between high blood pressure and esophageal adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, liver, and squamous cell carcinoma. However, most studies lacked multivariable adjustments. Physical and numerical risk of cardiovascular disease is linked to bowel cancer but no other cancers. According to a meta-analysis, hypertensive persons could also be at increased danger of gastrointestinal and breast cancer. Most meta-analyses comprised several trials with moderate or mild hazard ratios.ConclusionDifferent types of cancers have been noted to be directly caused by hypertension. In addition, some treatments have also been associated with the side effects of cancer treatments to cause hypertension. Women facing hypertension have an increased risk of getting breast cancer. Although some cancers showed a real relationship with hypertension, others had no connection at all.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0345.v1

Current Status of Tungiasis in Endemic Areas. Prevalence, Risk Factors, Prevention

Valeri Velev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Tungiasis; Tunga penetrans; neglected tropical diseases; epidemiology

Online: 18 November 2022 (02:48:20 CET)

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