In angiosperms, paradormancy, a phenomenon that the growth of axillary buds be arrested by the biochemical signals from other organs or tissues, has been extensively investigated in deciduous perennial woody species. However, little attention has been paid to paradormancy set and release in perennial evergreen trees. Camellia sinensis cv Huangdan develops axillary floral buds and axillary shoot buds within same leaf node simultaneously, with growing floral buds repressing shoot buds leading to their paradormancy. In this study, we manually removed the axillary floral buds, then harvested the axillary shoot buds after 1- and 3- days of the floral bud removal, untargeted metabolomics were conducted to identify metabolome remodeling patterns during paradormancy-to-growth transition. Our data suggest that the restricted supply of reducing hexose and ammonium to the axillary shoot buds could be the major cause leading to their paradormancy. The axillary shoot buds were released from paradormancy one day after the axillary floral bud removal, this transition was accompanied with mobilization and reconfiguration for multiple primary and secondary metabolites. These metabolome reprogramming could help establish the reactive oxygen species gradients along leaf bud meristem, thus facilitate paradormancy set or release. This study provides novel insights about paradormancy set and release in a perennial evergreen tree species.

Objectives: To study the differences between malignant hypermetabolic axillary lymphadenopathy (MHL) and COVID-19 vaccine-associated axillary hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy (VAHL) using clinical imaging. Methods: A total of 1,096 patients underwent Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) between June 1, 2021 and April 30, 2022, at Ehime University Hospital. In total, 188 patients with axillary lymphadenopathy after the COVID-19 vaccination were evaluated. The patients were classified into three groups such as VAHL (n=27), MHL (n=21), and equivocal hypermetabolic axillary lymphadenopathy (EqHL; n=140). Differences in lymph nodes (LNs) swellings were statistically analyzed using clinical imagings (echography, CT, and 18F-FDG PET) statistically. Results: MHL included a higher female population (90.5%) owing to a higher frequency of breast cancer frequency (80.9%). Axillary LNs of MHL did not show any LN fatty hilums (0%); however, those of VAHL and EqHL did (15.8 and 36%, respectively). After the logistic regression analysis of the patients who had axillary lymphadenopathy without any LN fatty hilums, the minor axis length and ellipticity (minor axis/major axis) in the largest axillary LN, SUVmax, and Tissue-to-Background Ratio (TBR) were useful in distinguishing malignant lymphadenopathies. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that a cut-off value of ≥7.3 mm for the axillary LN minor axis (sensitivity: 0.714, specificity: 0.684) and of ≥0.671 for ellipticity (0.667 and 0.773, respectively) in the largest LN with the highest SUVmax and TBR were predictive of MHL. Conclusion: Axillary lymphadenopathy ≥7.3 mm of the minor axis and ≥0.671 of ellipticity in LN without fatty hilum suggests malignancy even in patients who have received COVID-19 vaccination. Further examinations such as 18F-FDG PET are recommended for such patients

Extreme atrophy of the maxilla poses still challenging for the clinicians. Some of the techniques used could be complex, risky, expensive, time consuming and should be performed, preferably, only by skilled surgeons. Most the commonly used techniques have been reported to have very high success percentages; however, sometimes complications may occur. In this regard, Premaxillary Device (PD) is a technique that has been devised to render more simple the reconstruction of extremely atrophic maxilla, trying to avoid more complicated and risky surgical procedures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) allows evaluation of several differen aspects of dental implant biomechanics. Our results showed that the use of PD allows an optimal distribution of the stresses on the basal bone, avoiding tension peaks that could determine bone resorption or, even, implant failure. ANSYS has been used to perform this type of localized finite element analysis; with this type of analysis, it was possible to analyze the peri-crestal area of the plant more precisely and the PD through a more accurate reconstruction of the mesh element, which allowed us to mathematically solve the FEA solution. A most favorable biomechanical behavior has been found for the materials such as titanium alloys and reduce stress levels for bone, implants, screws, and abutments. Moreover, the stress values did not exceed bone strength limits for basal bone and titanium alloy. In conclusion, from a biomechanical point of view, PD could be considered a viable alternative for rehabilitation of severe atrophic maxilla.

Hormone changes across women's menstrual cycle may lead to changes in perception of chemical signals and hormonal responses to these cues. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of menstrual cycle phase on the effects of extracts of male axillary secretions (EMAS) in women. We tested healthy reproductive age and premenopausal women (n=29). EMAS/control solution was applied once in two hours either in the follicular or luteal phase, while collecting saliva samples for LH and cortisol monitoring. LH and cortisol concentrations were analyzed using EIA technique. PANAS and VAS were used to assess the mood. We observed a significant increase in the number of LH peaks (p=0.0447) and their amplitude (p=0.0469) when EMAS was applied in the follicular phase. The same application in the luteal phase lowered the amplitude of LH peaks (p=0.0382). EMAS application increases salivary cortisol level in reproductive age women relative to premenopausal women (p=0.0032). PANAS revealed changes in positive and negative affect after EMAS application. Our data indicate the significance of the menstrual cycle phase for EMAS effects on LH secretion, mood, but not on cortisol secretion in women.

Hidradenitis suppurativa and Langerhans cell histiocytosis are rare disorders that can reveal similar clinical manifestations, making differential diagnosis difficult. A definitive diagnosis requires biopsy and histological confirmation in suspicious cases. The complex pathophysiology of these diseases has still not been understood, therefore the treatment is still a challenge for physicians. It is seen with predilection in the intertriginous areas of the body, predominantly in the axillary region, rarely requiring a surgical procedure. However perineal, perianal, and gluteal HS usually necessitates some form of surgical treatment. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) is a very rare systemic disease manifested by clonal cell proliferation of histiocytic-dendritic nature, with pseudonodular manifestation that deeply infiltrates the hypodermis and ulcerates the epidermis on the surface. Langerhans cells are dendritic, antigen-presenting cells localized in the suprabasal regions of the squamous epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes, which help regulate the immune system. In this report, we present our experience with extensive gluteal, perineal, and perianal hidradenitis suppurativa and Langerhans cell histiocytosis cases, including our treatment methods and outcomes.