Sustainable innovation in the agro-food system has become a strategy increasingly used by companies as a means to increase their competitiveness and position themselves in the market. In this context, the objective of this work is to identify the attitudes and sensory perceptions of consumers towards sustainable food technology through two scales (Food Technology Neophobia and Domain Specific Innovativeness) and hedonic tastings. For this, a new product was selected in the market: powder to prepare rice with milk. Most consumers have attitudes toward low neophobia to products with food technology, but there is also some caution, situation that is corroborated by the moderate predisposition towards innovations. Color and flavor attributes can make the difference in positive perceptions. It should not be forgotten that there is a segment of innovative sustainable consumers that represent a key market.

The paper explores different models of innovation management at the regional level and reasons for the best model considering the specific features of St. Petersburg as the innovative region of Russia. The authors, on the base of their long-time experience in studies of innovative enterprises and elaborating the regional innovation policy in St. Petersburg, propose the tool of creation and measuring the results of the regional innovation policy that promotes the life quality improvement and regional sustainable development. The balanced scorecard is used as a method, based on the methodology of knowledge economy development and adjusted to the specific needs of St. Petersburg innovation eco-system. The authors pay special attention to the implementation of principles of green economy into the realization of the regional innovation policy and the proposed balanced scorecard.

Musabaqah Tilawatil Qurân (MTQ/Al Quran Reciting Competition) is often regarded as a big and important momentum for the process of Islamic preaching in Indonesia. It has even become a tradition for Indonesian people, although Al-Quran reciting is a common activity and a universal phenomenon in the Islamic world. In the MTQ event, the participants compete at various fields, including Tilawah (the art of reciting Al-Quran), Fahmil Qurân (comprehension of Al-Quran contents), and hifzul Qurân (memorization of Al-Quran verses). In 2003, a new field was initiated in the MTQ competition; i.e Musabaqah Makalah Ilmiah Al-Qurân (M2IQ/Al-Qurân Academic Writing Competition). Since its first exhibition on the 2003 Regional MTQ in West Java Province, and later on the 2008 National MTQ, the M2IQ, which is based on written-preach (dakwah bilkitabah), is considered as an innovation of preaching method in Indonesia. Islamic preaching (dakwah) in Indonesia has always been leaning heavily on the oral-preaching (dakwah bilisan) method, as represented by other fields contested in an MTQ. This development warrants a comprehensive study to understand what considerations underlying the emergence of M2IQ, how the process is, and what contributions it provides to the development of Islamic preaching in Indonesia. This study utilizes analytic-descriptive approach to discover the phenomenon. The findings indicate that M2IQ has accentuated the intellectual aspect of MTQ. In addition, M2IQ widens the spectrum of Al-Qurân preaching in Indonesia; opening a new chapter of Islamic preaching (dakwah) in the country.

The determinants of enterprises providing ICT training in Europe are analyzed in this article. Data are collected from the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for 36 European countries in the period 2000-2019. Data are analyzed with Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Dynamic Panel, WLS and Pooled OLS. Results show that the number of enterprises providing ICT training in Europe is positively associate with “Innovation Index”, “Innovators”, “New Doctorate Graduates”, “Tertiary Education” and negatively associated with “Government Procurement of Advanced Technology Products”, “Human Resources”, and “Marketing or Organisational Innovators”. In adjunct a cluster analysis is performed by using k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of four clusters. Finally, we use eight different machine learning algorithms to predict the value of the enterprises providing ICT training in Europe. We found that the Simple Tree Regression is the best predictor and that the number of enterprises providing ICT training in Europe is expected to growth of the 5,02%.

This study investigates the strategic unity of fintech enterprises, assessing whether their characteristics bear greater resemblance to conventional banking institutions or technological corporations. Through the evaluation of operational functions, target demographics, business frameworks, stakeholder engagements, equity market dynamics, and empirical data, the analysis indicates that fintechs exhibit a closer alignment with technology companies. The inquiry uncovers significant lacunae in the prevailing scholarly discourse, particularly regarding the examination of fintechs’ fundamental attributes and their ramifications for strategic positioning. The results not only imply that fintechs are more akin to technology firms but also underscore the increasing convergence between fintechs and tech enterprises, propelled by the incursion of Big Tech and a heightened focus on sustainability. This implies an evolving financial landscape where traditional categorizations are progressively obscured. Our research is pivotal for comprehending and navigating this emergent terrain, which holds paramount importance for professionals operating within the financial and technological domains.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the FinTech industry has substantially reshaped operational workflows, product innovation, and risk management, all of which influence company valuation. This study investigates the impact of AI-enhanced multilayer networks on FinTech valuation. Utilizing a novel scalable multilayer network model with AI-driven Copula Nodes, the research reveals that operational efficiency is a significant driver of market value. However, the findings emphasize the necessity of a balanced strategy that integrates AI across all operational layers, particularly in risk management and product innovation, to maximize valuation. This study offers a comprehensive framework that enhances understanding of AI’s complex role in FinTech valuation, providing critical insights for industry stakeholders.

The technological revolution has contributed significantly to environmental and social issues worldwide. In higher education institutions, there is a theoretical gap in systematic reviews on the integration of digital transformation into sustainability. This systematic review of the literature aims to address this gap by exploring how digital transformation improves sustainability in higher education institutions, identifying emerging trends and best practices for effective strategies. Using the PRISMA guidelines, the study conducted a comprehensive search in the Scopus database, producing 1,686 publications from 2019 to 2024. The findings reveal a widespread awareness of digital technology integration but highlight a lack of consensus on sustainable integration strategies. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that educational achievements can be enhanced through tools and methodologies that align with the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The analysis identifies three primary domains: sustainability capabilities enabled by digital transformation, innovative sustainable approaches, and the conceptualisation of sustainability in higher education. The incorporation of digital tools, such as AI chatbots, institutions foster innovation and achieves sustainability objectives, thus transforming teaching and learning approaches. This review contributes significantly to understanding the role of digital transformation in promoting a sustainable and digitally enabled future in higher education.

Environmental responsibility is crucial in both consumption and production processes. Increasing environmental concerns of societies require eco-innovative and nature-based solutions (NBS) for entrepreneurs. Young people's intentions as potential innovators and entrepreneurs on eco-entrepreneurship with mediating effects have not been investigated is a shortcoming in the literature. This study was conducted with 920 respondents from a public university (Düzce University) students to determine the underlying motivations of eco-entrepreneurship intentions using structural equation modeling (SEM) and bootstrap methodology. SEM results show that environmental concerns have a positive direct effect (β=0.62) on students’ eco-entrepreneurship intention. This study can serve the several sustainable development goals (SDGs) making suggestions for the efficient and effective use of production factors in terms of environmentally responsible behavior. Study results provide data for sustainable business applications and eco-innovative thinking. Study results intend the direction of modern environmental governance, policy makers and SEM developers.

Entrepreneurial activities in economic and social domains are considered one of the conditional pillars for successful transformation of resource-rich countries to sustainable, knowledge-based and diversified economies. However, there is no, and cannot be, a single recipe for such a transformation as every country or region needs to develop its own strategy, policy toolbox and implementation plan depending on its historical and present socio-economic make up and trajectory. This paper advances the qualitative findings of a previously published work to delve deeper into the complexities of entrepreneurship within resource-based economies, with a particular focus on Qatar. Employing a mixed methodology that blends explanatory and quantitative analysis, this paper aims to validate and refine the entrepreneurship framework proposed previously, ensuring its relevance and adaptability to Qatar's unique economic and cultural context, and its extendibility to similar resource-rich country settings. It systematically focuses on discovering various social, economic, and environmental dimensions critical to fostering entrepreneurship in resource-rich countries. These include examining government policies, cultural and social factors, financial support mechanisms, innovation ecosystem, technology adaptation, and digitization. A primary component of this study is the methodological approach, which includes collecting and analyzing quantitative data through a survey developed based on previous findings on qualitative explorations. This approach allows for an objective assessment of the effectiveness of the proposed recommendations. The paper presents a set of detailed recommendations aimed at various stakeholders, including government bodies, supporting agencies, and entrepreneurs themselves. These recommendations encompass integrating entrepreneurship education into academic curricula, increasing easy access to business and market information, simplifying, unifying and streamlining policies and procedures, and adapting them into the legal system. Other important and unique recommendations include establishing a country-wide entrepreneurship free-zone (Ent-Q) and facilitating its operations though an online digital platform (Ryadah), allocating certain percentage of governmental ministries’, agencies’ as well as large corporations’ budgets into innovative small business development programs and preferred purchasing from small business. These initiatives are validated to become effective tools and avenues to create a conducive entrepreneurial environment, facilitating transformation into a diversified, knowledge-based and sustainable economy. The expected outcomes of implementing these recommendations include an increase in the efficiency of entrepreneurship-related policymaking, a rise in the number, quality and impact of entrepreneurs, and the sustained diversification of the economy into non-oil/gas sectors and actors. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive set of strategies and recommendations expected to significantly contribute to the nurturing and growth of entrepreneurship in resource-based economies.

This study aims to analyse whether Chinese companies' R&D investment affects management innovation performance. Also, this dissertation defines management innovation as diversification strategies such as technology and industry diversification and analyzes the impact of these diversification strategies. In particular, this paper analyzes whether R&D investment leads to technology and industry diversification and whether technology diversification creates a mediating effect in the process of R&D investment leading to industry diversification. The analysis results can be summarized as follows: First, R&D investment showed a significant positive relationship with industry diversification. Second, R&D investment shows a significantly positive relationship with technology diversification. Third, technology and industry diversification showed a positive relationship. Fourth, this study examined the mediating role of technology diversification, and it was confirmed that technology diversification plays a mediating role in the effect of R&D investment on industry diversification. R&D investment and business innovation play a key role in the sustainable development of enterprises, and the findings of this paper have important reference value for enterprises' R&D investment decision-making. The results of this study provide the following implications that Chinese companies improve business innovation performance by increasing their R&D investment, promoting innovative R&D, and improving technology diversification and industry diversification strategies.

In agriculture, the intricate relationship between innovation, productivity, and entrepreneurship is underexplored. Despite the widely recognised role of innovation in driving productivity, concrete indicators and comprehensive farm-level studies are lacking. This research aims to unravel this complexity by exploring the impact of innovation, specifically in agricultural entrepreneurship, on transformative changes in farm productivity. Using a two-stage analysis with the Malmquist Index (MI) of total factor productivity (TFP) on cereal farms from the Farm Business Survey (FBS) over 11 years, the study identifies innovators and, it assesses changes in productivity, technical efficiency, and economic efficiency. The second stage decomposes the MI to understand factors enabling innovation, including changes in technology scale. Objectives include a literature review to map innovation variables, integrating FBS data for validation and assessing productivity impacts from asset enhancements and changes in farming scale. Results reveal significant productivity variation and a moderate overall improvement. Future research directions emphasize expanded data collection on managerial behaviours and technology investments' role in efficiency frontier shifts. The study concludes by emphasising nuanced agricultural policies that leverage farmers' knowledge for innovation through enhanced management efficiency. It advocates for a departure from the 'bigger is better' mentality, proposing educational programs and support services to encourage informed decision-making. This forward-looking approach aims to inform future policies and enhance understanding of the intricate dynamics between agricultural innovation, productivity, and entrepreneurship.

The digital economy promotes economic development, industrial upgrading, and environmental protection. This article calculates the green total factor productivity (GTFP) based on the SBM-DDF model and uses the entropy method and principal component analysis to calculate the digital economy index. We use panel data from 282 Chinese cities to test the driving effect of the digital economy on green total factor productivity. The study results show that the digital economy significantly increases GTFP, and the heterogeneity of this impact is further explored. We also explored the mechanism of the digital economy in promoting green. The digital economy can indirectly increase industrial production efficiency by promoting innovation in green technologies.

Amid urgent global climate and biodiversity crises, the strategic restoration of degraded forests stands as a vital countermeasure. This study pioneers a novel approach for the identification and prioritization of potential degraded forest areas suitable for restoration (PDFR), utilizing the advancements in Earth observation data. Utilizing Landsat data within the Google Earth Engine, our PDFR method applies a nuanced, phenology-based threshold classification to accurately map forest covers at a 30-m resolution, distinguishing prime restoration areas such as evergreen, semi-evergreen, deciduous, and flooded forests, and categorizing them into varying levels of degradation using Siem Reap, a province in Cambodia as a case study. The projections indicate a promising potential for carbon sequestration through restoration of the critically (~96,693 ha), highly (48,878 ha), moderately (46,487 ha), and slightly degraded (75,567 ha) forests, estimating a capture of 193.73 TgCO2 in Siem Reap from 2021 to 2030 upon comprehensive restoration initiatives. As Earth observation technologies continue to evolve, the PDFR method emerges as a strategic blueprint for data-driven policy formulation, fostering sustainable forest management and aligning with the global commitments delineated in the Glasgow Forests Declaration for 2030.

As customer demand for green products increases in the digital economic era, this study analyses the green innovation of the e-tailer and supplier in drop shipping models. Moreover, drop shipping e-tailers and suppliers with a drop shipping option need to make choices regarding whether to provide green or normal products to the market. When a supplier with a drop shipping option produces green products, more fees may be invested on the production of green products than on normal products. The drop shipping e-tailers and suppliers with a drop shipping option can also choose to sell normal products at a low cost, as before. This study designs four models of drop shipping e-teilers and suppliers with a drop shipping option under different choices, analyzes their operational process in drop shipping models, and investigates five theorems. The optimal pricings decisions and green degree of drop shipping e-tailers and suppliers with a drop shipping option were evaluated in this study. The impacts of the green innovation factor, green elasticity coefficient, manufacturing and distribution costs on the drop shipping e-tailers and suppliers with a drop shipping option, and the effect of other environmental parameters on the green degree of green products are also analyzed through computer simulation. The findings of the simulation analysis provide valuable guidance for e-tailers and suppliers with green innovation in drop shipping models and offer important academic and practical implications for e-commerce and the digital economy.

Innovation and technology are important tools of minerals sector efficiency and productivity im-provement. The uptake of technologies has proven important levelrs to improve the productivity of mining sector. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of mine-level productivity by using a global data of copper, gold, and platinum from 1991-2020. Various drivers of proioductivity have been analysed to draw policy insights. Empirical findings reveal significant disparities in technical efficiency and productivity across mines and regions. A further decomposition of TFP into its different components suggest that the adoption of innovative practices and investment in technology adoption could improve the overall productivity of these commodities. The findings also suggest that an appropriate input mix and optimal scale of production could boost platinum mining productivity. Regional disparities in productivity in different commodities (e.g., South Africa vs. Zimbabwe) give policymakers with insights into how to support production scale and productivity through appropriate input mixtures.

The purpose of this research was to examine the act of business schools in the Palestinian universities by their study plans in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) (G1, G4, G8, G9, G12, G16, G17), due to their strong relationship with business sector in the local market, in addition to examining whether the graduates of business schools have the required competencies and required skills for the local market. This research is descriptive in nature and a survey questionnaire was designed to collect data from faculty members and employers. The results indicate that business schools in the Palestinian universities have incorporated sustainable development goals in their study plans to a medium-to-high degree, with a higher emphasis on Quality Education. Graduates from these programs are perceived to possess the required competencies and skills by the employers in the local market, with a medium-to-high level of alignment with the SDGs, especially in the area Quality Education. There was no significant difference between the perceptions of university faculty members and employers in the local market regarding the fit of business school graduates' competencies and skills with the local market needs in relation to the SDGs. However, there were significant differences in the areas of accountability and transparency principles, economic and industrial challenges, partnerships for the goals, international standardization, and capacity building in operational expertise. It is recommended that business schools in Palestinian universities continue to prioritize the integration of sustainable development goals in their study plans and align the competencies and skills of their graduates with the needs of the local market. The areas of significant difference between university faculty members and employers in the local market present opportunities for further collaboration and dialogue to better meet the needs of the local market and achieve sustainable development goals.

In recent years, Chinese manufacturing enterprises compete to chase the wave of "digital revolution", digital empowerment has become an important strategic path of technological reform for many manufacturing enterprises. Based on the micro data of listed companies, this paper investigates the impact of digital transformation of Chinese listed companies on the quality of their export products. It is found that digital transformation can significantly improve the quality of enterprises' export products. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion is still valid, and there are two ways to improve innovation performance and total factor productivity. The export product quality enhancement effect of enterprise digital transformation also has the heterogeneity of ownership, region and industry. In the further study, this paper also examines the impact of digital transformation on the internal salary gap of enterprises, and finds that digital transformation may increase the internal salary gap of enterprises, and form a "masking effect" on the quality of export products. To a certain extent, this paper deepens the understanding of the study of enterprise digital transformation on the quality of export products and its differences, and provides certain guidance for enterprises to implement the strategy of digital transformation.

Trends focused on the Global Innovation Index (GII) as a measure for progress of nanochemistry. This paper provides projections of recent developments in the word in nanochemistry based on the Global Innovation Index as a predictor for certain Arab countries. The GII is an annual ranking of countries by its ability and performance in innovation and is calculated on a basic average from five and two pillars in two sub-indexes, the Innovation Input Index and the Innovation Output Index. Each pillar represents a trait of creativity and consists of up to five measures, with a weighted average formula for measuring their ranking. In 2008, the GII rose to 36.3 in 2016 from 0.5. The GII is smaller than the GII in Arabic countries worldwide. During the years 2013-2016, the worldwide GII was increasing while for the same period, for Arabic countries, this decline could be explained by economic and industrial wars in the Arab region.

This paper examines the influence of informal competition on SMEs innovation in the Eastern European transition economies. It investigates whether credit constraints mediate this relation. SMEs innovation is presented through four measures: Product innovation, Process innovation, Radical innovation and Green innovation. Using the BEEPs VI that covers the period from 2018-2020, we show that informal competition affects positively the product, process and radical innovation. Yet, it has a non-significant effect on green innovation. Besides, the informal sector increases SMEs credit constraints, which indirectly leads to less corporate innovation. The negative indirect effect restrains the positive direct effect. Hence, a partial mediation effect of credit constraints on the informal competition and the innovation proxies is reported with the exception of green innovation.

Many assumptions exist about online learning and its impact on college students. Hitherto, the views of those meant to be the beneficiaries of this technology have been given little consideration despite the fact that students use cyberspace for academic work and beyond. This qualitative case-study report is based on research conducted by college students at a private university in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The aim was to examine the online learning experiences of their peers during the first wave of the coronavirus global pandemic, with a view to understand how prepared their university is for an academic genre located in cyberspace. The findings are based on the perspectives of 2,298 college students responding to a survey administered to the entire student population comprising around 9,000 individuals. They suggest that increasing opportunities for cyberlearning could have positive effects on students. Also provided is cautionary advice about the need to improve teaching pedagogies and combat academic dishonesty.

Despite knowledge concerning stakeholders and the economic advantages of consultation, collaboration and innovation, analysis of the sustainability implications of the geothermal industry has tended to take a high-level or systemic overview of national performance. This study seeks to begin to fill this gap in the academic and grey literature, investigating the following research question: how do projects in the Icelandic geothermal energy sector create co-benefits with stakeholders and reflect the integration of sustainable energy development (SED)? The focus of its analysis is on identifying who are the stakeholders, what are the sustainability benefits co-created with stakeholders, and when in the project lifecycle do these occur. Based on eleven semi-structured interviews with project managers in Iceland’s geothermal industry, the study identifies a broad array of stakeholders in the sector, including national and municipal governments and public sector institutions, businesses, the public, employees and landowners. The sustainability co-benefits of Iceland’s geothermal power projects are broad and cut cross all six themes of SED and multiple phases of the project lifecycle. Although the sustainability benefits are very apparent, trade-offs are reported between the pursuit of an economically efficient energy system and nature conservation. This relates to unsustainable utilization of the resources and the environmental externalities of power production and consumption. Efforts to mitigate these effects are ongoing and the further pursuit of SED is likely in Iceland given its recognition within the nation’s new energy policy and to meet ambitious greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets in the government’s climate action plan. These are issues that are prominent in other nations seeking to decarbonize energy systems through increased utilization of geothermal resources.

Background This paper draws learnings and successes based on field implementation experience spanning four years (2016–2019) of implementing CLTS by Prince of Peace Orphans and Widows Vision, a community-based organization located in Kaberamaido district in eastern Uganda. Methods The study aimed to document, disseminate and inform from an evidence-based point of view how adaptation and collaborative engagements triggers learning from mistakes to inform iterative changes from improvements and success.This is a descriptive paper that used project documents review based on field implementation experience. Existing project reports were synthesised, collated and curated for evidence. Data were drawn from project reports and records to inform narratives in writing. Implementation of the project was executed in homogenous rural communities occupied by people of the same dialect, cultural and social settings. Results We note that success in CLTS implementation can hardly be achieved by merely following prescriptions in handbooks and guidelines but rather by devising innovative community engagement and other participatory and community-driven techniques that foster adaptive management, promote ownership, and buy-in.Having learned from our failures, we used data to inform decisions and transformatively deviated from traditional CLTS implementation and introduced high impact and innovative approaches such as the use of CLTS helpdesks and Situation room, the Pamoja approach, learning labs and iterative feedback loops, innovatively tackling slippage and carefully introducing the follow-up mandona approach. These enhanced experiential learning and ultimately resulted in sustained sanitation behaviour. Conclusions The CLTS approach as outlined in the handbook needs to be flexibly adapted to address contextual needs. Reflective and learning sessions reinforced with routine feedback loops from implementers and beneficiaries yields tremendous results, propagates experiential learning, and ultimately results in a transformative deviation from undesirable to desired sanitation behaviours. These innovative approaches once carefully blended have proved to be sustainable, are adaptable and can work in an even larger scale and in a variety of contexts.

The general purpose of the Design Thinking approach (concept taken over in Romanian without its translation and which involves conception-oriented thinking) is to support the conception and design of products, services, processes, strategies, spaces, architecture and experiences ideal for use optimal. Applying the approach leads to the development of practical and innovative solutions to the problems identified in the product and / or technology design departments of companies. As described in the article Design Thinking is a process springing from the user-centered conception-design paradigm. The objective of the article is to highlight the need to combine urban study within Design Thinking, in the case of all areas of conception-design of solutions.

This paper aims to provide the reader with an organic view of the eyewear sector considering both market and quality aspects and evaluating the role of Industry 4.0 in process and product innovation for managing consumer health, analyzing a case study of a leading multinational company in the eyewear and ophthalmic lenses sector. The research has been developed with a qualitative approach. The study is a conceptual development and it uses an exploratory interview to create a single case study. The case study was developed with the realization by the researcher of a semi-structured interview. The selected interlocutor was the Innovation Manager of Alpha Optics. it has been decided to focus the attention on this figure, as it was responsible for the realization and introduction into the company of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies for developing health innovations. From this case study it was possible to observe how the connection with the trends that influence the demand for eyeglasses is a driving factor for product innovation. Products increasingly adapted to the needs of young people and the use of digital devices seem to be the ones on which the greatest number of innovations are concentrated.

The study's motivation is to gauge the nexus between economic policy uncertainty and financial innovation for the period 2004M1 to 2018M12 in BRIC nations. For establishing a long-run cointegration study applied Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) and asymmetry effects of economic policy uncertainty investigated following nonlinear framework known as NARDL. Furthermore, directional causality is established by performing a non-granger causality test. Cointegration test results of Fpss, Wpss, and tBDM confirmed the long-run association between EPU and financial innovation. On the other hand, the Wald test results proved asymmetry effects furring from EPU to financial innovation both in the long-run and short-run. Referring to asymmetry effects that positive and negative shocks in financial innovation, the study revealed that negative linkage between shocks in EPU and financial innovation in the long-run but short-run effects are insignificant. Furthermore, financial innovation measured by R&D investment exhibits positive linked with shocks in EPU, implying that uncertainty induces innovation in the economy. Refers to directional causality estimation, the study revealed evidence supporting the feedback hypothesis between EPU and financial innovation in all sample countries.

Climate change and food security are the most relevant issues to be considered in sustainable agricultural development. The FAO’s initiative of climate-smart agriculture has attracted international attention. Since then, the smart agriculture (SA) has been recognized as the most influential trends in contributing to agricultural development. Therefore, encouraging farmers to adopt digital technologies and mobile devices into farming practices becomes a policy priority worldwide. However, there is limited literature available on psychologic factors that drive farmers’ intentions to adopt SA technologies. The purpose of this study is to investigate how farmer’s knowledge and attitude toward SA affects their adoption of smart technologies in Taiwan. A total of 321 farmers participated in the project’s survey in 2017 and 2018, from which the data was used to perform an OLS regression model of SA adoption. This study contributes to a preliminary understanding of relationship between innovation and adoption of SA technologies in a small-scale farming economic context. The findings suggest that the policy makers and R&D institutes need to concentrate on improving market access for well-known and high important SA technologies.

Currently the rapid growth of global economy has the competition among high-tech industries develop from regional to global, and the competition becomes fierce. In face of such fierce competition in global high-tech industry, it is realized that tangible assets could no longer be the differentiation basis, but intangible assets are regarded as the differentiation capital. An enterprise with sustainable innovation would dominate the world market and enhance the international competitiveness of domestic economy. When internal entrepreneurial culture is prevalent, an enterprise would naturally promote the innovation capability. Such a point of view also explains more popular of the innovative products or services of some enterprises than those with larger scales. Aiming at employees in high-tech industry in Guanxi Province, total 500 copies of questionnaire are randomly distributed, and 337 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 67%. The research results reveal significantly positive correlations between 1.entrepreneurial culture and sustainable innovation capability, 2.sustainable innovation capability and patent, and 3.entrepreneurial culture and patent. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to explain how a high-tech business outperforms in the changeable digital era and acquires the sustainable innovation capability and patent to grasp the opportunity.

Recent advances in single-atom catalysis resulted in readily accessible materials whose application in most catalytic reactions mediated by conventional nanoparticle-based catalysts often results in higher activity and selectivity. Can we expect catalysis by atomically dispersed atoms to find practical applications? Which are the hurdles to be overcome prior to widespread uptake of atomically dispersed metals in industrial synthetic processes and in hydrogen fuel cells?

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the biggest group of enterprises in the European Union (EU); they are also characteristic for emerging economies. Given this situation, there is a need to provide instruments such as processes, which allows them to realize a model of sustainable development. The ability to classify processes and occurrences happening inside these processes often affects the condition of the enterprises. The implementation of innovations, as identified process, enables the directions of SME development towards sustainable development. The purpose of this article is to find out if the identification of processes such as innovations, have any influence on the competitiveness and sustainable development of SMEs. This study was based on pilot research, which examined small and medium enterprises at the regional level, at the example of Polish emerging economy region. It was researched under the angle of the identification of processes and changes happening inside enterprises in terms of understanding the sustainable development concept. Research composition allows to present an understanding by the SMEs of the problems analyzed. The novelty was in the new questionnaire, the definition of sustainable development, and matching those processes identified by the enterprises analyzed with the particular sustainable development dimensions suggested by the authors. In light of the analysis of the literature and the results of this research the important contributions of this study are as follows. This approach pointed the understanding and practical meaning of the identification of processes to be understood. The most important finding was that there is a need to make entrepreneurs aware of the fact that innovations are also processes in themselves, which often constitutes the sum of other supporting processes occurring in the enterprise. Support in the form of knowledge transfer from experts to SMEs would also be recommended.

The degradation of mangrove ecosystems in East Java poses significant challenges to both environmental sustainability and local businesses dependent on mangrove tourism. This study explores the implementation of the Mangrove Ecosystem Transformation Approach (META), a holistic framework designed to integrate environmental conservation with business resilience in the mangrove tourism sector. By combining quantitative, qualitative, and model development methods, this research investigates how innovative technologies can support sustainable tourism management. The study identifies critical factors influencing business resilience, evaluates the environmental impact of mangrove tourism, and demonstrates how META can improve operational efficiency and environmental outcomes. The findings highlight the potential for META to serve as a model for sustainable tourism in coastal areas, ensuring long-term business viability and environmental preservation.

The Integrated Territorial Program (ITP) for the development of camelid livestock faces key challenges, such as low productivity and lack of infrastructure in the region. This program is aligned with the Territorial Agenda for Agricultural Innovation (FIA) and the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, prioritizing camelid livestock farming in Chile's highlands as a strategic productive resource. The methodology used is based on co-creation with stakeholders in the territory and comparative analysis to improve competitiveness. This document highlights the relevance of the ITP in a volatile and constantly changing global environment, and its contribution to the innovation and competitiveness of camelid livestock in the Arica and Parinacota region.

This study analyzed the influence of attitude toward innovation and creativity, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and institutional support in the consolidation of an entrepreneurial culture among Peruvian university students, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the theoretical framework. Data were collected from 948 students through a validated 29-item questionnaire, and the data analysis was conducted using the PLS-SEM method. The results showed that both attitude toward innovation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy have a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial culture, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy acted as a partial mediator in this relationship. However, external resources and institutional support were not significant mediators between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial culture. This study expands the understanding of TPB in the Peruvian context, highlighting the importance of fostering self-efficacy and an innovative attitude in students to strengthen entrepreneurial culture in universities. Educational institutions should consider these key factors when designing programs that promote entrepreneurship.

This paper explores Augmented Reality (AR) as an innovative active methodology for student assessment in the Higher Education Authority of Arcoverde, proposing an alternative to the traditional assessment model. It investigates how AR can transform the educational process, making assessments more interactive, engaging and effective. The study focuses on three main issues: the impact of AR on student motivation and engagement, its effectiveness in improving content comprehension and retention, and the challenges and limitations of its implementation as an assessment method. Employing dialectical methods, action research and literature reviews, this research documents a 34% increase in students’ content comprehension and a 47% increase in their participation in practical activities. These findings suggest that, despite the technical and curricular integration challenges, AR not only improves assessment methodologies, but also enhances learning, promoting a more dynamic and interactive environment. The overall objective is to demonstrate the ability of AR to replace conventional approaches with a more innovative and efficient practice, highlighting the importance of this technology in advancing pedagogical practices and improving student performance. This study sheds light on the relevance of AR in the educational field, encouraging its adoption to enrich the learning and assessment experience.

In a constantly transforming retail financial sector, TCS has established a strategic alliance with Cencosud Scotiabank, expanding its role beyond consultancy to become an essential partner in the journey of growth and transformation. This collaboration reflects a shared commitment to advancing together in the competitive world of retail financial services, driving significant strategic change at Cencosud Scotiabank. As part of this effort, TCS has co-designed a series of practical workshops aimed at fostering and expanding the culture of innovation within the organization. These practical workshops are fundamental in the transformation process, providing deep and practical learning that serves as a solid foundation for the desired change. Each workshop session, carefully designed and executed according to an innovation playbook, aligns visual thinking tools with practical techniques to ensure smooth and effective execution of the work. The goal of these efforts is twofold: on the one hand, to strengthen the culture of innovation at Cencosud Scotiabank through collaboration; on the other, to firmly center the organization around the customer. The workshops are not just meetings; rather, they are collaborative spaces where creativity, deep user understanding, and agility converge to shape innovative solutions.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has transformed clinical practices by improving the accuracy of diagnosis, optimizing surgical procedures, improving the patient experience, and accelerating drug development. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the many applications of artificial intelligence (AI) across several industries, including fast diagnostics, where ML algorithms greatly enhance the accuracy and velocity of disease diagnosis. State-of-the-art robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgical procedures that shorten patients' hospitalization and improve their chances of recovery, cutting-edge AI applications in healthcare monitoring, and medication development. The article also looks at the primary challenges that AI in healthcare will inevitably encounter, such as differences in product quality, a shortage of skilled workers, privacy and ethical issues, and the need for improved regulatory frameworks. Despite the challenges, AI contributes significant advantages to the healthcare industry, providing novel and remarkable contributions to the efficiency of medical procedures and the progress of medical outcomes. The paper emphasizes the importance of cooperation in overcoming current challenges and enhancing the acceptability of AI technology in clinical settings. This will ensure that AI-driven innovations continue to enhance the standards of patient care.

Sustainable development has become the aspiration of many developing countries, including Ecuador. The introduction of Bachelor of Tourism studies at the Technical University of Manabí aligns with this interest, implying a challenge for teachers regarding the application of integrative and innovative teaching methods that promote the training of professionals with high scientific rigor, both in technical and professional senses. To achieve this, the pedagogical group started from three fundamental principles based on the application of teaching work methods and pro-cedures, as well as the determination of interactions between the various factors that directly and indirectly influence the training process of professionals in the tourism sector. The results of comprehensive evaluation processes considering both the academic performance of the teachers and the level of satisfaction of students taking the course support the application of these teaching–learning methods, as well as highlighting the convenience of extending the experiences and re-search results of the pedagogical team to other vocational training centers for tourism activities.

Innovative urban farming plays a vital role in enhancing food security, nutrition, livelihood resilience, and environmental sustainability in Sub-Saharan African cities. Despite this, agricultural policy and extension services have largely ignored urban contexts. Recently, national and international initiatives have started addressing this oversight by promoting circular innovations in urban food systems. To boost productivity, it is crucial to understand the challenges, opportunities, and prospects associated with innovative urban farming. Therefore, exploratory qualitative research, specifically focus group discussions, was conducted in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos, Nigeria, to gather the perspectives of various stakeholders. The analysis, using mind maps and a consensus index, compared views from private urban farming practitioners and local public sector representatives. Urban farmers see significant potential in innovative technologies such as hydroponics, aquaponics, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), drip irrigation, sack farming, and waste upcycling to improve productivity. However, they express frustration over the lack of public sector support for embracing these circular innovations. Conversely, public sector representatives cite urban farmers' behavioral and educational shortcomings, particularly their lack of internal coordination and commitment to adopting innovations. These discrepancies underscore the complex interactions between urban farmers and local public agricultural policymakers and extension agents. The study highlights the need for fundamental changes in both public and private sectors to address the challenges in urban farming innovations. Establishing local-level dialogues, as demonstrated in this study, can provide valuable insights for developing urban farming and policy in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The population growth of major cities in Iran and the lack of attention to scientific and managerial principles in urban planning in recent years have created numerous issues for citizens and urban planners, pushing cities towards instability. Tehran, as the capital of Iran, is among the cities facing numerous urban challenges. It appears that these factors will present serious challenges to the city's future sustainability. Many articles have assessed and analyzed indicators of sustainability in cities, but less attention has been paid to indicators of instability and real issues that pose challenges to urban planning sustainability. In this regard, the present study aims to identify the challenges of sustainability in urban planning by re-evaluating indicators related to urban sustainability and assessing indicators of instability in urban planning from a realistic perspective. The results indicate that the major indicators of urban planning instability have been summarized into three economic, social, and environmental indices. In the economic index, the unstable components in urban planning include uncertainty in economic policies, housing prices, non-standard housing, income, employment, unemployment, cost of living, and female-headed households. In the environmental index, the unstable components in urban planning consist of climate change, heat islands, floods, transportation management, energy security, noise and air pollution, urban traffic, water quality and quantity, waste disposal quality, urban green infrastructure, environment as an aesthetic issue, and changing the approach to the environment with changes in individuals. In the social index, the unstable components in urban planning encompass social interaction, access to facilities and services, access to social harms services, sense of identity and belonging, neighborly relations, social segregation, public participation in city affairs, and security and welfare.

This study assesses the impact of militarization, industrialization, technological innovation, and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in NATO countries, divided into "traditional" (Group 1) and "new member" states (Group 2), using data from 1985 to 2019. It identifies heterogeneity in effects and dependencies between the groups. Employing Pedroni and Kao panel cointegration tests, a long-term equilibrium relationship among the variables is confirmed. The analysis, using panel ARDL and GMM methods, reveals distinct outcomes for each group. In Group 1, military spending and energy consumption significantly increase CO2 emissions, while industrialization and technological innovation reduce them. Conversely, in Group 2, technological innovation and energy consumption raise emissions, whereas military spending and industrialization decrease them. The findings suggest Group 1 should strategize military expenditure and energy consumption to cut emissions, whereas Group 2 should focus on eco-friendly technology and efficient energy use to achieve environmental sustainability.

The rehabilitation of abandoned mining sites is an increasingly pressing issue in the context of sustainable development. Recent research has emphasized the need for a holistic approach to the abandoned mining sites and their environmental rehabilitation. Based on field analysis, environmental assessments, satellite imagery processing and geographic information operations, this paper pushes forward the existing knowledge by doing a comprehensive assessment of abandoned mining sites in the Romanian Carpathians and by proposing innovative and sustainable rehabilitation solutions. Our findings highlight that abandoned mining sites and their surrounding territories in the Romanian mountains have significant ecological imbalances and complex socio-economic issues. The findings also suggest that by adopting innovative, integrated, and sustainability-oriented approaches, territories affected by mining can be transformed into valuable and sustainable spaces to meet human needs. We conclude by presenting the importance of innovation in ecological reconstruction and spatial-functional reintegration of mining sites in mountain areas as a useful tool in making fair decisions, both in the context of implementing appropriate development policies as well as for resilience and environmental sustainability of mining-affected mountain areas.

The healthcare situation in Africa is characterized by limited resources and a high burden of disease, presenting significant challenges to the healthcare systems in the region. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in African healthcare holds immense potential for addressing these challenges and improving health outcomes. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current healthcare landscape in Africa and the urgent need for AI-driven solutions.In addition to discussing the potential applications of AI in African healthcare, such as disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and medical imaging analysis, this manuscript seeks to shed light on the specific challenges hindering the implementation of AI in the region. By providing detailed examples and case studies, we aim to offer insights into the obstacles that need to be overcome and potential solutions that can be pursued.By leveraging AI technologies, Africa has the opportunity to revolutionize its health systems, bridging the gap in access to quality healthcare across the continent. The objective of this review article is to not only highlight the potential benefits that AI can bring to African healthcare but also to emphasize the urgent need for action and collaboration in implementing and scaling up AI innovations in the region. By doing so, African countries can pave the way for improved health outcomes and ensure that their populations receive the healthcare services they deserve.

We review our theory of interdependence applied to autonomous human-machine teams, with which we have made several generalizations based on theory that have led to new discoveries, compared to social science which is struggling to break free of its validation crisis, but also has no generalizations to new discoveries with human teams, let alone to human-machine teams. In this invited article, based around the stability of a team, of our discoveries, we review the uncertainty between a team's structure and its performance, our first finding. We generalize that finding to deception, vulnerability, innovation and fittedness. From there, our next generalization is to the quantum likeness of interdependence and quantum mechanics; we move on to Shannon holes, knowledge, and conclude with the value of debate and the need for boundaries to contain debate, to reduce interference, and to protect states of interdependence. After the introduction, we extend our model in Section 2 to energy and time, and we close with a brief review of innovation and future plans.

The digital economy (DE) has become a major force driving the optimization and upgrading of industrial structures (ISOU), and research on the driving mechanism has yet to be verified. To this end, the driving influence of DE on the ISOU is targeted, and the role played by economic resilience (ER) and innovation is explored. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, the driving influence of the DE on the ISOU is analyzed using a two-way fixed-effects model. The empirical study finds that the DE presents a positive driving effect on both industrial structure advancement and rationalization, and the driving effect is still significant after the addition of control variables and the robust-type test with one period of lag; the DE presents regional differences in ISOU, with the driving effect of the DE on industrial structure advancement in the eastern region having a more significant performance than that of the central and western regions, and the driving influence on the rationalization of industrial structure in the eastern and western regions exceeds that in the central region; the impact of DE on the ISOU has a mediating role through innovation, ER has a moderating role in the process, and innovation as a partial mediator also has a threshold effect, and finally countermeasure suggestions are put forward.

Amidst China's new economic normal, the real economy faces various domestic and global challenges. Technological innovation, with its capital intensity and uncertain returns, is crucial to rejuvenate emerging industries and revamp the industrial structure. Meanwhile, financial agglomeration plays a dual role: directly fostering real economic development and indirectly affecting it through technological innovation. This study analyzes data from 30 mainland Chinese provinces and cities between 2011 and 2018, utilizing fuzzy matter-element analysis and location entropy method. Relying on a spatial econometric model, we explore the impact of technological innovation and financial clustering on real economic growth, including spatial ripple effects. The conclusions are derived from Chinese evidence and offer valuable insights into the evolving innovation and financial dynamics within the participating nations.

Plasma treatment of livestock slurry and biogas digestate is a method by which the nitrogen content of organic fertilizers can be increased. The resultant nitrogen-enriched organic fertilizer (NEO) contains twice as much plant-available nitrogen, and its pH is reduced, which is known to reduce ammonia volatilization. The current study included 14 spring wheat and barley field trials in Norway fertilized by NEO and other fertilizers over three years. The results showed that 120 kg N ha-1 in NEO yielded the same as 95 kg N ha-1 in mineral fertilizer considering the grain yields and 100 kg N ha-1 regarding the harvested nitrogen yield in the grains. On average, 39 tons ha-1 of untreated slurry supplemented with mineral fertilizers Opti-NS up to 120 kg N ha-1 yielded 5083 kg ha-1 of barley and 5290 kg ha-1 of spring wheat. Filtrating 39 tons of untreated slurry and running it through the N2 Applied unit gave 35 tons of NEO with 120 kg N. 35 tons ha-1 of NEO yielded 5068 kg ha-1 of barley and 5155 kg ha-1 of spring wheat. Filtrating the slurry increased grain yields by 756 and 447 kg ha-1 in spring wheat and barley, respectively, compared to the untreated slurry. 120 kg N ha-1 in mineral fertilizer yielded 5443 kg of barley and 6123 kg of spring wheat. Combining 12 kg N ha-1 in mineral fertilizer at sowing day and 108 kg N ha-1 in NEO at three leaves stage led to a higher yield in spring wheat than 120 kg ha-1 NEO spread at sowing day in two out of three experimental years.

Nature provides plenty of good examples for simple and very efficient joint assemblies. One example is the enormously flexible cervical spine of American barn owls, which consists of 14 cervical vertebrae. Each pair of vertebrae produces a comparatively small individual movement in order to provide a large overall movement of the entire cervical spine. The biomimetic replication of such joints is difficult due to the delicate and geometric unrestricted joint shapes as well as the muscles that have to be mimicked. Using X-ray as well as micro computed tomography images and with the utilisation of additive manufacturing, it is possible to produce the owl neck vertebrae in scaled-up form, to analyse them and then to transfer them into technically usable joint assemblies. The muscle substitution of these joints is realised by smart materials actuators in the form of shape memory alloy wire actuators. This actuator technology is outstanding for its muscle-like movement and for its enormous energy density [1,2]. The disadvantage of this wire actuator technology is the low rate of contraction, which means that a large length of wire has to be installed to generate adequate movement. For this reason, the actuator wires are integrated into additively manufactured carrier components to mimic the biological joints. This results in joint designs that compensate for the disadvantages of the small contraction of the actuators by intelligently installing large wire lengths on comparatively small installation spaces, while also providing a sufficient force output. With the help of a test rig, the developed technical joint variants are examined and evaluated. This demonstrates the technical applicability of this bionic joints.

This study proposes a structure for companies to use when implementing human resource practices in open innovation. Despite the fact that open innovation has received a lot of attention in the innovation management field as companies open their doors to information exchange in an effort to spur creative thinking, there are very few empirical articles that connect this trend to the human resource management literature. Our findings are the result of an extensive qualitative investigation into Julphar Gulf Pharmaceutical Industries Manufacturers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and its open innovation program. Internal, external, and combined are the three primary pillars of human resource management. We also demonstrate how the evolution of the open innovation initiative is linked to the state of the art in HRM and open innovation literature. The framework identifies HRM practices for both internal and external participants in the open innovation effort. Much of this HRM is done off the books, in a setting separate from the host company. By providing actual evidence of how firms use HRM to manage open innovation projects, our research adds to the scant and mostly theoretical literature linking open innovation and HRM.

We present here a five hours experimentation of a didactical path about the electromagnetic induction addressed to students of the last year of an Italian scientific high school and oriented to better understand the physical origin of the induced electromotive force. The expression of the induced electromotive force as the sum of the term linked to the time variation of the magnetic field and of the motional one has been obtained in a detailed way, still suitable for presentation at high school. Many examples have been proposed to the students in order to clarify the conceptual physical knots. The students’ responses to a 6-questions multiple choice questionnaire have been analyzed. It emerged that our approach is concretely feasible although we find the well-known difficulties in calculating flux and circulation of a vector field. Furthermore, it emerged that an integral approach to the problem masks the understanding of the nature of the forces acting locally on the charges. Hence our proposal of a “redefinition” of the induced electric field in terms of the magnetic vector potential is also presented.

In the next decade, further digitalisation of the entire wind energy project lifecycle is expected to be a major driver for reducing project costs and risks. In this paper, a literature review on the challenges related to implementation of digitalisation in the wind energy industry is first carried out, showing that there is a strong need for new solutions that enable co-innovation within and between organisations. Therefore, a new collaboration method called the WeDoWind Ecosystem is developed and demonstrated. The method is centred around specific "challenges", which are defined by "challenge providers" within a topical "space" and made available to participants via a digital platform. The data required in order to solve a particular "challenge" is provided by the "challenge providers" under the confidentiality conditions they specify. The method is demonstrated via a case study, the EDP Wind Turbine Fault Detection Challenge. Six submitted solutions using diverse approaches are evaluated. Two of the methods perform significantly better than EDP’s existing method in terms of Total Prediction Costs (saving up to €120,000). The WeDoWind Ecosystem is found to be a promising solution for enabling co-innovation in wind energy, providing a number of tangible benefits for both challenge and solution providers.

Education on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (I&E) has increased in the last two decades, specially, through MOOCs. Lately, these reusable online alternatives have tended to be revalorized by HEIs into blended learning activities, posing new challenges for instructors, specially, on how to bridge prior knowledge with in-class activities. Adopting a discursive approach to knowledge, our proposal aims to meet this challenge by identifying student’s ‘representations’, i.e., patterned constructions on disciplinary knowledge. Representations can be found across different cohorts and thus further complemented by instructors. To test this assumption and build our proposal, we analysed student’s representations in two observations. We mapped students’ representations over key I&E definitions (e.g., ‘start-up’) and, to know how prior knowledge may be complemented by instructors, we identified students’ alignment with expert disciplinary knowledge. Firstly, we found that the two cohorts tended to express representations by turning attention to several dimensions, e.g., referring to different types of features or finalities associated with concepts. Secondly, the disciplinary alignment description revealed that students tended to focus on the same components present in experts’ definitions, but with a greater level of generality. Our results have been packaged into a proposal that aims to help instructors scale their blended activities.

The paper summarizes in a step by step ‘recipe’ format a model of developing new ideas (Ideation) that can be used to form a new venture or develop a new product. The proposed ‘recipes’ are widely used and can be applied in tandem with other prevalently available models or tools. The intention of the paper is also to serve as a resource for entrepreneurs and innovators, and the links and references munificently used in the paper are serving this purpose. The author has used the outline and the tools described here in numerous Ideation classes taught for over a decade in several countries around the world. The paper’s intention is not to conduct a systematic review on the subject of new venture creation or propose new research agenda (for that, see for example Shepherd et al., 2021). The purpose is to provide an effective and efficient set of tools, models and techniques that can assist the entrepreneur in her journey to create and achieve her dreams. One such tool is the matrix of Reasonings-Outcomes introduced here for the first time.

Education 4.0 postulates the flexible combining of digital literacy, critical thinking, and problem-solving in training environments linked to real-world scenarios. Therefore, teachers are challenged to find or develop new methods and resources to integrate into their curricula to help students develop these desirable and necessary skills; hence, the question: What are the characteristics of a teacher to consider within the framework of Education 4.0? This article presents a study carried out in a higher education institution in Ecuador. The objective was to identify the teaching profile required in new careers within the framework of Education 4.0. The descriptive, exploratory methodology applied quantitative and qualitative instruments (surveys) to 337 undergraduate students in education careers and 313 graduates. It also included interviews with 20 experts in the educational field and five focus groups with 32 rectors, school principals, university professors and specialists in the educational area. The data was triangulated, and the results were categorized in (a) processes as facilitators (b), soft skills, (c) human sense and (d) use of technologies. This article may be of value to administrators, educational and social entrepreneurs, trainers, and decision-makers interested in implementing innovative training programs.

The paper is to examine the influence of business innovation, business expansion, product and service development, working capital, machinery and equipment on financing choices in the western part of Nigeria. To determine the effect on financing choices, a logistic regression analysis was used. The results in an impressive manner indicate that entrepreneur, essentially with working capital (WC), machinery and equipment (ME) requirement and business innovation (BI) used internal funding sources while business expansion (BE) and product and service development (PS) lean toward external funding sources and the more established and larger firm utilizes debt financing. The approach and the experiential findings offer an unprecedented degree of investigation from an academic point of view through the previous study on Nigeria entrepreneur. Similarly, the experimental results will strengthen the entrepreneur's knowledge, awareness and perception. Through the capabilities of the entrepreneurs, they can prepare and adapt in accordance with the business condition they conduct business and to help them in their choice procedure regarding the capital structure of their organization in the midst of an interval when the fuss of entrepreneur funding is gradually elicited in the Nigerian climate.

Cultivating research competencies facilitated by the use of technology in the university is crucial to boost acquisition of knowledge, educational innovation, and successful professional development. The objective of this article is to analyze the evolution and characteristics of scientific production that has had the greatest impact on the momentum of investigative competencies and their articulation within technological scenarios. Applying various selection criteria in the Scopus database, we utilized systematic, bibliometric mapping as a methodological strategy in which 250 articles related to the topic were identified, then analyzed with the semantic analysis software VOSViewer. The results indicate that there is an emerging line of research on the subject since 2016 and point to the underdevelopment of lines that associate research skills with digital literacy, information literacy, digital libraries databases, and the development of critical thinking.

Taking capital, manpower, and natural resources as inputs, regional GDP as expected output, and industrial pollution as undesired output, this study measures the ecological efficiency of various regions in China through the Global-Malmquist model. The results show a trend of an initial sharp decline in ecological efficiency followed by a gradual increase in the time dimension, but there is no significant correlation in the spatial dimension. Using the gravity model to quantify the attractiveness of the regions’ capital and human resources for collaborative innovation, it estimates the impact of collaborative innovation on eco-efficiency through the system-Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model. The results show that technological innovation capital in other regions has a negative “U” relationship with local ecological efficiency, while scientific and technological innovation human resources have a positive “U” relationship. In addition, government financial support in science and technology and the ecological efficiency of the previous period serve as promoting factors of the current local ecological efficiency, while the introduction of foreign technological innovation is likely to inhibit improvements in ecological efficiency. Based on these findings, this study puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for local governments to advance their development agendas alongside their environmental priorities in line with their specific circumstances.

Nowadays, environmental circumstances and business rules of organizations are complicate, active and uncertain, so, they cannot assurance their long- term survival through some actions such as, structural changes and methods or relying on creativity of some people in organization. Companies and organizations should prepare conditions to institutionalize entrepreneurial culture in their organization. Corporate entrepreneurship can improve the value of the organization. The entrepreneurial oriented organizations are more responsive for environment and market changes. Opportunity recognition is the base of being successful. The research is applied and in terms of method is descriptive. Data were analyzed, using Linear Regression and Multiple Moderated Regression (MMR) and SPSS software. In this research the effects of organizational entrepreneurship (innovation, proactiveness and risk-taking) on performance of the centers influenced by environmental factors (government’s strategies, competitiveness and technology) as moderating variables, were studied. Furthermore, the study presents that there is a significant positive relationship between organizational entrepreneurship and performance. Although the study does not show any significant moderating effect of environmental factors (Government’s strategies, competitiveness and technology) on the relationship between organizational entrepreneurship and performance, however, the result of the study manifests direct relationship between environmental factors and performance of such centers.

Abstract: Guanxi, a Chinese term that defines social networks of power and benefits, can be divided into inter-personal and inter-organizational relationships, and guanxi significantly influences construction innovation in China. Many studies have examined the relationship between guanxi and construction innovation at the project or organizational level. However, few of these studies explained how guanxi could affect an individual’s innovative behaviour from a double-level perspective. This paper builds on social capital theory and social exchange theory to examine guanxi’s role in motivating innovative behaviour in a China-specific construction context. It investigates the main effects of inter-personal relationships on innovative behaviour, the mediating effects of knowledge sharing, and the cross-level moderating effects of inter-organizational relationships. These elements were tested using a survey that received 178 responses from 35 different organizations. The results were analysed using Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) and revealed that inter-personal relationships have positive influences on innovative behaviour, thus highlighting the partial mediating effects of knowledge sharing. In addition, the analyses showed that inter-organizational relationships augment inter-personal relationships and knowledge sharing on innovative behaviour by cross-level interaction. The research findings enhance an understanding of guanxi and innovative behaviour in China-specific construction project settings, as well as verifying the significance of guanxi in stimulating innovative behaviour.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the timing of innovative investment in technology product life cycles using a compound binomial option with management flexibility. Considering the business cycles changes in the macroeconomic will affect consumer purchasing power. The focus is how to evaluate the optimal investment strategy and the project value. It was applied to different product stages (three stages including production innovation, manufacture innovation, and operation innovation) and factored to different risks to build a technology innovation strategy model. An aim of this study is the options premium of the best strategy timing for each innovation stage. Its application of the compound binomial options for the manufacture innovation will only be considered after the execution of the production innovation. The same condition is applied to the operation innovation, which will only be considered after the execution of the manufacture innovation. Then, this paper constructs the dynamic investment sequential decision model, assesses the feasibility of an investment strategy, and makes a decision on the appropriate project value and options premium for each stage under the possible change of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This paper investigates the product life cycle innovation investment topic by using the compound binomial options method and will provide a more flexible strategy decision compared with other trend forecast criteria.

Addressing the urgent sustainability challenges in the wine industry, this study explores the efficacy of sustainability-oriented innovations (SOIs) and smart farming technologies (SFTs) across wine value chains in Cyprus and Italy. Employing KPIs for a rigorous assessment, the research delves into the environmental, economic, and social impacts of these technologies. In Cyprus (SIP7), the integration of digital labelling and smart farming solutions led to a substantial reduction in pesticide usage by up to 75% and enhanced the perceived quality of wine by an average of 8%. Italy's SIP10 witnessed a 33.4% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, with an additional benefit of a 5.3% improvement in intrinsic product quality. Notably, SIP10 also introduced a carbon credit system, potentially generating an average annual revenue of €4,140 per farm. These findings highlight the transformative potential of SOIs and SFTs in promoting sustainable practices within the wine industry, demonstrating significant advancements in reducing environmental impact, improving product quality, and enhancing economic viability. The study underscores the critical role of innovative technologies in achieving sustainability goals and provides a compelling case for wider adoption within the agricultural sector.

This study explores the extraction and characterization of proteolytic enzymes from brewer's spent grain (BSG) and their potential as sustainable coagulants in the dairy industry. BSG samples from various beer types (Blonde Ale, IPA, Kölsch, Honey, and Porter) were obtained from two artisanal breweries in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Optimization of caseinolytic activity (CA) and protein extraction was conducted using a Plackett-Burman design, followed by a Box-Behnken design. Optimal protein concentration was achieved at intermediate pH and high temperature, while CA peaked at pH 8.0. The specific caseinolytic activity (SCA) varied among the extracts, with BSG3 showing the highest activity (99.6 U mg⁻¹) and BSG1 the lowest (60.4 U mg⁻¹). Protease inhibitor assays suggested the presence of aspartic, serine, metallo, and cysteine proteases. BSG3 and BSG4 showed the highest hydrolysis rates for α-casein (70% and 78%). For κ-casein, BSG1, BSG2, and BSG3 demonstrated moderate activity (56.5%, 49%, and 55.8), while BSG4 and BSG5 exhibited the lowest activity. Additionally, the milk-clotting activity (MCA) of BSG extracts was comparable to plant-based coagulants like Cynara cardunculus and Ficus carica. These findings highlight the potential of BSG-derived proteases as alternative coagulants for cheese production, offering a sustainable link between the brewing and dairy industries.

This paper focuses on CEOs, who are considered the strategic leaders of corporations because of their crucial role in making important decisions. This research paper examines how female CEOs influence green innovation (GI) in Asian industrial sector. Its main objective is to answer the following research questions: Are there differences in GI endeavors between Asian industrial firms with female CEOs and those with male CEOs? Does the size of the industrial firms have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between CEO gender and GI? Based on our research questions, the size of firms is likely a determining factor in the GI of female CEOs. This research employs rigorous econometric modeling to analyze a substantial dataset of Asian industrial listed companies spanning from 2013 to 2022. It has been proven that industrial firms led by females CEOs are more inclined to have environmentally friendly practices. Furthermore, the size of the industrial firms amplifies the beneficial influence of female CEOs on the firm's chances of engaging in GI initiatives. Our outcomes stay robust to endogeneity issues using two-step GMM estimators. This study proposes that stakeholders, particularly in Asian countries, should promote the increased representation of females in CEO roles, particularly within large corporations. This is because women-led companies demonstrate superior performance in GI endeavors. Thus, regulators need to implement policies that promote the inclusion of women in CEO positions within large-scale enterprises. These policies may potentially strengthen the private sector’s capacity to foster sustainable innovation.

This article examines empirically the research on digital strategy, addressing its temporal evolution, sources of scientific production, countries and organizations generating knowledge, and the topics investigated. It highlights key authors and journals from 1991 to 2023, contributing to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9. Methodologically, traditional bibliometric laws and computational tools (VOSviewer software) were applied for data processing. The results show an exponential increase in publications from 2005 to 2022 with a critical mass in digital strategy studies, concentrated in 11 journals and 83 authors with 2 or more publications. The main organizations leading scientific production in this field are in the USA. Finally, the primary Web of Science categories for the leading journals are Business, Management, and Psychology. The research examines the use and adoption of digital strategies in marketing, the impact of digital transformation on business models, and the challenges it poses for human resources. In addition, the challenges arising from the impact of COVID-19, the rise of artificial intelligence, and the integration of digital strategies in public administration should continue to be addressed. Finally, industrial digital transformation and the challenges of Big Data in higher education have less connection with other key concepts analyzed.

In an era where collaboration between academia and the EdTech industry is crucial for innovation, this study explores how academic profiles align with industry needs. In this study we examine the professional profiles available online of educational researchers from the Tallinn University School of Educational Sciences across the international LinkedIn, national ETIS and institutional TLU platforms, to identify how researchers market their skills that are relevant to the EdTech sector. Our findings indicate that some of the key areas such as instructional design, project management and technical proficiency that are vital for EdTech industry remain often underrepresented in academic profiles. While LinkedIn facilitates networking, it may not necessarily reach the depth needed for comprehensive representation, whereas the Estonian national research database ETIS provides rich academic details with limited industry appeal. Our suggestions call for strategic improvements in how researchers can present their expertise online, in order to improve industry-academia collaboration. By creating more precise and strategically targeted professional profiles, researchers will stand better chances to attract EdTech industry’s attention.

The textile processing sector is accountable for the extensive utilisation and pollution of freshwater resources. Due to heightened consumer awareness of environmental legislation regarding freshwater contamination, the textile sector is compelled to review and improve their current water consumption practices. Foan dyeing technique is a highly promising alternative that has the ability to contribute to a more sustainable future. This review paper discussed the current state of foam dyeing technology, highlighting its advantages in terms of re-duced consumption of water and energy, as well as minimal usage of dyes and chemicals compared to conventional methods. The foam configuration allows for more effective application of dyes. As a result, there is a decrease in dye consumption and a reduction in processing time. The process is environmen-tally sustainable since it significantly reduces water pollution. Furthermore, foam dyeing method consumes less energy due to its lower dying temperature need compared to conventional processing technology. Additionally, this paper highlights the continued investigation of foam dyeing on many types of textile substrates (such as fibres, yarns, and fabric) and compositions including cotton, polyester, and their mixtures. In addition, the techno-economic comparison of foam dyeing and conventional dyeing is also given. This review paper addi-tionally endorses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6, clean water and sanitation) by examining the preservation of usable water and the decrease in wastewater discharge through foam dyeing technology. Lastly, the potential advantages of foam dyeing in terms of significantly reducing water consump-tion and the generation of waste in the textile industry were also addressed.

This qualitative study explores the dynamics of supplier relationships among Italian restaurant managers, aiming to uncover the strategic practices and challenges in supplier relationship management (SRM) within the culinary industry. Through semi-structured interviews with a diverse sample of restaurant managers across Italy, the study examines how trust, communication, adaptive sourcing strategies, and innovation influence supplier interactions and operational outcomes. Findings reveal that trust-building is foundational to establishing reliable supplier partnerships, crucial for ensuring consistent delivery of high-quality ingredients essential for culinary excellence. Effective communication channels and negotiation techniques are pivotal in clarifying expectations, resolving conflicts, and fostering collaborative relationships with suppliers. Adaptive sourcing strategies, including diversification of supplier bases and local sourcing initiatives, enable managers to navigate market dynamics and meet consumer demands effectively. Innovation emerges as a catalyst for differentiation and sustainability in supplier relationships, with managers engaging in collaborative product development and embracing sustainability initiatives to align with consumer preferences and corporate values. Despite facing challenges such as pricing pressures, supply chain logistics complexities, and regulatory compliance, proactive management strategies and operational agility enable managers to mitigate risks and capitalize on opportunities in supplier management. Theoretical implications enrich understanding of SRM dynamics in the culinary sector, while practical implications suggest strategies for optimizing supplier relationships, enhancing operational efficiency, and sustaining competitive advantage. Future research could explore technological advancements, consumer trends, and longitudinal impacts of SRM practices on business performance within the restaurant industry.

The marketing industry is rapidly evolving, necessitating educational programs to adapt and equip graduates with relevant skills and knowledge. This systematic literature review with bibliometric analysis (SLRBA) explores the integration of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in marketing education. PBL is an instructional strategy that empowers students to solve real-life problems by integrating theory and practice, thus fostering critical thinking and decision-making skills. Our review synthesizes data from 71 sources, highlighting the definition of PBL, strategies to promote its implementation in marketing education, and the benefits and challenges associated with this approach. The findings indicate that PBL enhances student engagement, provides hands-on experience, and prepares students for real-world marketing challenges. Strategies such as using social media, serious games, e-learning, and feedback mechanisms are discussed for their effectiveness in promoting active learning and student participation. Despite its advantages, PBL faces challenges such as resource intensiveness, student resistance, and information integrity issues. This review underscores the importance of PBL in bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, ultimately preparing marketing students to meet the demands of the industry. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and best practices for implementing PBL in marketing education.

Recently, environmental degradation has become an international issue due to the extensive economic activities around the globe. This aspect demands the policymakers' and new researchers’ emphasis. Hence, the present article examines the impact of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) to community and environment on the environmental performance (ENP) of the manufacturing industry in China. The article also investigates the mediating role of green innovation and environmental strategy among CSR to community, CSR to environment and ENP of manufacturing industry in China. The article gets the primary data from the selected employees of the manufacturing industry using questionnaires. The article also tests the data's validity and reliability, and association among variables using smart-PLS. The outcomes indicated that CSR to environment has a positive association with ENP. The outcomes also revealed that green innovation and environmental strategy significantly mediate among CSR to community, CSR to environment and ENP. The article guides the policymakers in making policies related to improve ENP using CSR to environment and green innovation.

There is a growing consensus that the modern food system lies at the centre of the grand challenges facing humanity and requires urgent and profound changes in the way that food is produced, processed, distributed and consumed. This review analyses sustainability transitions within agrifood systems, focusing on the role of firms and industries as defined by the Sustainable Transitions Research Network (STRN). This paper conducts the first systematic literature review using bibliometric analysis to assess the current state of research on this theme. The findings reveal a significant increase in publications related to firms and industries within agrifood sustainability transitions. Furthermore, the current research is geographically concentrated in the European Union. The review identifies four key themes in the literature based on co-occurrence of keywords. These are agriculture, innovation, governance, food systems and agroecology. The review identifies increasing awareness of the role of farmers in driving sustainability transitions at the farm level. Furthermore, there is an increasing awareness of the interrelated characteristics of the agrifood system which acknowledges the need for sustainable innovations to occur at multiple stages of the agrifood system. It also shows that there is growing evidence that innovations can occur through disruptive as well as incremental innovation, and highlights the importance of governance influencing transitions. The literature raises questions about Alternative Food Networks as sustainable innovations, their potential for significant change in the established food system and the validity of their claims to food equity and environmental sustainability. A key theme emerging from the literature is an ecological perspective that identifies the complex biological processes and ecosystems as an integral part of agricultural production. These findings provide a greater understanding of the current literature landscape of agrifood sustainable transitions relating to firms and industries and lay a foundation for future research.

Accelerating the green transformation of the economic development mode and promoting high-quality economic development is an international trend and the general direction. This article utilizes data from manufacturing companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2011 to 2021, based on dynamic capability theory, to explore the impact of enterprise digital transformation on green technological innovation. Furthermore, dynamic capabilities are further subdivided into absorptive capacity, innovative capacity, and adaptive capacity to investigate their mediating role. The research findings demonstrate that enterprise digital transformation has a significant positive impact on green technological innovation. Moreover, enterprise digital transformation positively influences the absorptive capacity, innovative capacity, and adaptive capacity, with these three factors playing a mediating role in the impact of enterprise digital transformation on green technological innovation. The results of the bootstrap test confirm this mediating effect. The conclusions of this study are validated through a series of robustness tests. This research not only provides theoretical support for the impact mechanism of digital transformation on green technological innovation but also offers practical insights for enterprises to achieve sustainable development.

This research delves into the integration of green roofs with Building Information Modeling (BIM), a pivotal advancement in sustainable urban construction. Aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 11, the study explores how this integration can address global challenges like climate change and resource depletion. Using the Dynamo Visual Programming Language within Autodesk Revit, the research develops a computational modeling approach for green roofs, focusing on their thermal and structural characteristics under varied environmental conditions. Key findings demonstrate the significant influence of substrate and drainage material combinations on green roofs’ thermal performance, highlighting the need for tailored designs based on climatic conditions. The study also emphasizes the importance of considering structural performance in both dry and saturated conditions for overall building integrity. The research identifies gaps in current practices, such as limited focus on specific green roof materials and reliance on certain software tools, suggesting the need for broader material selection and software adaptability. Future research directions include expanding material selections, exploring diverse environmental conditions, and integrating green roofs with various BIM software platforms. The study's implications extend to stakeholders in the construction industry, offering a framework for architects, urban planners, and policymakers to design and implement green roofs aligned with environmental goals. This work contributes to the field by proposing a novel approach to sustainable construction, integrating ecological design with digital technology, and setting a new benchmark in the integration of green roofs with BIM. By addressing these aspects, the research paves the way for future developments in sustainable urban construction, enhancing the efficiency, sustainability, and resilience of urban communities in line with global sustainability objectives.

Aiming to investigate the impact of strategic knowledge disclosure on the continuous realization of digital innovation in enterprises, this study examines data from 168 listed companies across three high-tech industries in China from 2012 to 2021. By examining investor trust, consumer trust, worker trust, and rival trust as mediating variables within the market trust dimension, this research explores the impact mechanism of strategic knowledge disclosure on the sustainability of input and output in digital innovation. The findings reveal that strategic knowledge disclosure significantly promotes both input and output sustainability in digital innovation. Specifically, investor trust positively mediates the relationship between strategic knowledge disclosure and the sustainability of digital innovation input. Similarly, consumer trust and worker trust positively mediate the association between strategic knowledge disclosure and both input and output sustainability in digital innovation. However, it is important to note that rival trust negatively mediates the link between strategic knowledge disclosure and both input and output sustainability in digital innovation. The research findings possess significant theoretical value and provide valuable guidance for promoting the sustainable development of digital innovation in enterprises.

Worldwide, hypoxia-related conditions, including cancer, COVID-19, and neuro-degenerative diseases, often lead to multi-organ failure and significant mortality. Oxygen, crucial for cellular function, becomes scarce as levels drop below 10 mmHg (<2% O2), triggering mitochondrial dysregulation and activating hypoxia-induced factors (HiFs). Herein, Oxygen nanoBubbles (OnB), an emerging versatile oxygen de-livery platform, implies to offer a novel approach to address hypoxia-related pathologies. This review explores OnB oxygen delivery strategies and systems, including diffusion, ultrasound, photodynamic, and pH-responsive nanobubbles. It delves into the nanoscale mechanisms of OnB, elucidating their role in mitochondrial metabolism (TFAM, PGC1alpha), hypoxic responses (HiF-1alpha), and their interplay in chronic pathologies including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, amongst others. By understanding these dynamics and underlying mechanisms, this article aims to contribute to our accruing knowledge of OnB and the developing potential in ameliorating hypoxia- and metabolic stress-related conditions and fostering innovative therapies.

This article analyzes the assessment of the four development levels of the Digital Teaching Competence (DTC) to recognize the needs and formulation of challenges in training and educational innovation required in the pedagogical practices of university professors under the current context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study used an empirical-analytical methodology with a non-experimental, transactional, descriptive design. The sample design was probabilistic, estimated with 95% confidence and 5% error among 252 teachers from various faculties of the University of La Guajira. The selected instrument corresponded to the rubric's application to evaluate the university professor's digital teaching competence in Latin America. Among the study's significant results, we highlight that the rubric presented a high Cronbach's alpha reliability (α: 0.947). In the general assessment of DTC development, it was estimated that 78.2% of teachers are in the first two levels of DTC development assessment (Beginning and Middle). The evaluation rubric allows identifying challenges and opportunities that teacher training must address to advance the professional development of professors.

Emerging technologies have a potential future impact on the developments in higher education and teaching practices at the universities. The paper is based on the project “My future colleague robot” that aims to improve the competence of university teachers in the implementation of Emerging Technologies (ETs) in the teaching practices at the university. In this paper, we identified the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats that are related to the adoption of two ETs, robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI), in higher education. Additionally, we analyzed the perceptions of faculty about these ETs. The empirical data was collected using written essays from 18 university teachers and students. Deductive and inductive approaches with thematic analysis were used for the data analysis. The findings support the idea that previous experience related to ETs can support positive attitudes and the implementations of ET in university teaching. University teachers had optimistic expectations towards ETs accepting them as part of teaching practice development, while discussion about the negative effects of ETs was negligible.

In an innovation driven business environment, cross-border access to resources is important for companies to improve innovation capabilities and development performance. Based on the previous research, it shows that there are barriers to cross domain communication among alliance firms because of the restriction of multidimensional ties and dyads. Simmelian ties, as a form of alliance network with ternary connections, it effectively restrained opportunism and self-interest in the cooperation process and take a crucial role to evaluate innovation related performance in corporation. Based on the theory of Simmelian, this paper builds a theoretical framework and proposes corresponding research hypotheses between Simmelian ties and enterprise innovation performance. After designing questionnaires, collecting data and conducting empirical analysis to test theoretical models and hypotheses. Results have shown that: (1) Simmelian ties generally have a positive impact on enterprise innovation performance. (2) Knowledge capturing and knowledge integration play a partial intermediary role between Simmelian ties and enterprise innovation performance, and the mediating chain formed by the two variables plays a serial mediating role in the effect. (3) Network routines significantly positively moderates the relationship between Simmelian ties and knowledge capturing. And also, the positive relationship between Simmelian ties and enterprise innovation performance is also actively moderated by network routines. The conclusion of this study is meaningful for companies to establish of Simmelian ties, improve knowledge management capabilities and further promote enterprise innovation performance.

The study is to identify motivational factors that lead to collective intelligence and to understand how these factors relate to each other and to innovation capabilities in enterprises. The relationships between each of the sub-factors of the collective intelligence construct with the sub-factor of incremental innovation were examined. The study used the convenience sampling of corporate employees who use collective intelligence from corporate panel members (n=1500). Collective intelligence was found to affect work process, operations, and service innovation. This suggests that as work processes are made more innovative, the more actively collective intelligence is pursued, the greater the improvement in the performance of work processes, work procedures, work efficiency, customer satisfaction, and services. This study provides significant implications for corporations operating collective intelligence services such as online communities. First, such corporations vitalize their services by raising the quality of information and knowledge shared in their communities. Additionally, contribution motivations that take the characteristics of knowledge and information contributors into consideration require further development.The sample for this study was identified through convenience sampling of corporate employees who use collective intelligence from corporate panel members (n=1500). Collective intelligence was found to affect work process, operations, and service innovation. This suggests that as work processes are made more innovative, the more actively collective intelligence is pursued, the greater the improvement in the performance of work processes, work procedures, work efficiency, customer satisfaction, and services. This study provides significant implications for corporations operating collective intelligence services such as online communities. First, such corporations vitalize their services by raising the quality of information and knowledge shared in their communities. Additionally, contribution motivations that take the characteristics of knowledge and information contributors into consideration require further development.

LASER cladding is a technique which has as main purpose to improve mechanical properties of materials surface with the addition of thin layers of other materials. Cladding/coating/addition material can be transferred to the substrate by powder injection, wire feeding or paste feeding and by the method of pre-placing the powders on the substrate. LASER cladding as a technique has only about 40 years. Is not yet a current technology and more work is needed, namely in the characterization of mechanical properties of new alloys used as base or cladding materials in this process. In this paper will be done initially an historical approach, followed by a description of the principles of the LASER cladding, a description of the applicability of the process and its advantages and limitations and the paper will end with a state of the art about the advances in new metallic alloys. So, this paper presents a review and the state of the art of the technological process and will be a contribution for the divulgation of this recent technique.

The current generation of nuclear reactors are evolutionary in design, mostly based on the technology originally designed to power submarines, and dominated by Light Water Reactors. The aims of the GenIV consortium are driven by sustainability, safety and reliability, economics, and proliferation resistance. The aims are extended here to encompass the ultimate and universal vision for strategic development of energy production, the ‘perpetuum mobile’ – at least as close as possible. We propose to rethink nuclear reactor design with the mission to develop a system which uses no fresh resources and produces no fresh waste during operation as well as generates power safe and reliably in economic way. The results of the innovative simulations presented here demonstrate that, from a theoretical perspective, it is feasible to fulfil the mission through the reuse of spent nuclear fuel from currently operating reactors as the fuel for a new reactor. The produced waste is less burdensome than current spent nuclear fuel which is used as feed to the system. However, safety, reliability and operational economics will need to be demonstrated to create the basis for the long term success of nuclear reactors as a major carbon free, sustainable, and applied highly reliable energy source.

The way people innovate and create new ideas and bring them to the market is undergoing a fundamental change from closed innovation to open innovation. Why and how do firms perform open innovation? Firms’ open innovation is measured through the levels of firms’ joint patent applications. Next, we analyze network structures and characters of firms’ joint patent applications such as betweenness and degree centrality, structure hole, and closure. From this research, we drew conclusions as follows. First, the structure of collaboration networks has both direct and indirect effects on firms’ innovative performance. Second, in the process of joint patent applications, there is a long tail phenomenon in networks of joint patent applications. Third, the number of patents and International Patent Classification (IPC) subclasses together constitute a meaningful measure of the innovation performance of firms.

One of the foundations of Smart Cities is mobility. To manage the efficiency of urban mobility, continuous recording of traffic flows is essential. The road traffic parameters in the cross section of the road network can be registered with the use of various measurement technologies. This is indirectly due to the complexity of the phenomenon of vehicle traffic and the disturbances in physical quantities generated as a result of it. Traffic data carries: sound waves, vibrations, optical waves and other media. The characteristics of these physical media, properly recorded and mathematically transformed, may constitute a superposition of the position of individual vehicles moving in the traffic flow. Moreover, these waves interfere with each other depending on the observed parameters of the movement of individual vehicles at different places of the network. In this context, information obtained from various media is the overall view of traffic. This article focuses on acquiring infrared traffic data. The movement of each vehicle, regardless of its type, is inextricably linked to infrared radiation, the distribution changing as a function of the road network. Each vehicle is a source of heat and therefore also emits infrared radiation (it heats up gradually while driving, with small temperature fluctuations). Therefore, the temperature of a moving vehicle is generally different from the background (road network) temperature. This article presents a successful attempt to analyze the infrared radiation accompanying road traffic in a selected cross section of the road. In order to register infrared radiation in the traffic stream, a prototype of a measuring system consisting of a pyrometer commonly used in thermometers (cost about 10 € and less) was used. Measurements of infrared radiation of the vehicle stream obtained in this way were compared with the measurement data of handheld traffic recorders, the so-called mechanical vehicle counters. The comparison of the results from both recording methods allows for the formulation of further research hypotheses towards extended research in the field of infrared radiation of the traffic stream. In this regard, it is important to research with various disturbances in the measurements that come from other heat sources located in the road network and its immediate vicinity. This study is important from the point of view of smart cities and C-ITS systems (mainly V2I communication). The registration of data describing the traffic flow with the use of a single pyrometer, instead of an expensive IR camera, is a cheap alternative in modern city information networks. This allows you to create intelligent sensor networks using connectivity based on, e.g., mesh networks. Such activities are possible with costs for one measuring point reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared to the costs incurred with the use of IR cameras ( € 1000, € 10,000 and more). In the current situation of the energy crisis, the search for innovative solutions with lower energy demand is very important in the Smart City policy.

In the context of the era of New Quality Productive Forces, technological innovation has become the core force to promote the development of social productivity, which is closely linked with vocational education, and together create a strong demand for high-quality technical and skilled personnel. In order to meet this demand, vocational education must synchronize with the development of the New Quality Productive Forces and form a mechanism of mutual promotion. The key to promoting the high-quality development of vocational education lies in taking technological innovation as the guide, and comprehensively improving the quality of education through measures such as innovating the education model, deepening the integration of industry and education, and enhancing the adaptability of specialties. To this end, vocational education should actively build bridges for the integration of industry and education, enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the education system, innovate the mechanism of talent cultivation, and establish a comprehensive quality assurance system. Together, these efforts will promote vocational education to enter a new stage of high-quality development and provide a solid talent guarantee for the sustainable development of the social economy.

Nuclear energy, along with renewable and alternative energy sources, is a crucial green energy source. However, the existing literature often overlooks the role of nuclear energy in achieving sustainable development goals. This study analyzes the impact of green technological innovation, nuclear energy consumption, and trade openness on environmental quality in the US, which consumed the most nuclear energy from 1990 to 2019. The ARDL bounds testing approach was applied for its effectiveness in smaller samples, suitable for the data set used in this study, to determine cointegration relationships. Additionally, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test was employed to explore causal links without requiring series stationarity or cointegration. The ARDL cointegration results indicate a significant long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, green technological innovation, nuclear energy consumption, and trade openness. The results suggest that promoting green technological innovation and nuclear energy (although this effect is less certain) can be effective strategies for reducing CO2 emissions, while the impact of trade openness requires careful consideration due to its potential to increase emissions. Green technological innovation has a significant unidirectional causal effect on CO2 emissions. These results will help policymakers design policies to achieve sustainable environmental goals in the US economy.

To meet the dual-carbon objective, China's economy needs to move from a carbon-intensive to a green economy. Green technology innovation and renewable energy development are key to promoting green economic growth. The study uses 2010–2022 provincial panel data from 30 Chinese provinces. The super-efficient SBM model measures the province's green economic growth index. A panel fixed-effects model is used to experimentally evaluate how green technology innovation and renewable energy development affect green economic growth. Green financing moderates and a panel threshold model tests the threshold effect of renewable energy development on green economic growth. The results demonstrate that (1) China's green economic growth is rising and has a "U" shape. (2) all selected variables significantly impact green economic growth. However, population density, government intervention, and industrial structure are inversely associated with GEG. Green economic growth is significantly boosted by the moderate role of green finance in the development of renewable energy and green technological innovation. (3) Renewable energy development has a single threshold non-linear effect on green economic growth, depending on its development level and green technological innovation. Considering China's current condition and research findings, this study examines the green energy transition to promote green economic growth and high-quality economic development. Meanwhile, puts forward some important policy recommendations.

Treatment techniques for facial paralysis have evolved significantly over the past few decades, offering a variety of options to improve facial symmetry and muscle function. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel static treatment technique for the surface of the nasolabial fold (NLF) in patients with chronic facial nerve paralysis, aged between 40 and 80 years, who are not candidates for dynamic rehabilitation and present with NLF erasure. The surgical marking process was initiated by determining the projection of the nasolabial fold on the paralyzed side, through measurement of the NLF on the non-paralyzed side. Subsequently, a line was drawn around the nasal ala, and a second line was demarcated in the medial region of the sulcus. In the region close to the nasal ala, along this second line, a notch was planned. The procedure was conducted under local anesthesia. In this study, four procedures were performed without any complications. Comparatively, the outcomes demonstrated an improvement in facial symmetry, the creation of a new NLF, elevation of the ipsilateral lip commissure, and correction of nasal deviation. The proposed technique is straightforward, reproducible, and can be performed in an outpatient setting.

Purpose: This study investigates the implementation and impact of maker culture—viewed as a tool for developing green digital skills—in higher education institutions in Hong Kong. Maker culture, a collaborative educational approach, embraces students’ capacity for self-paced, autonomous learning and applies this knowledge to creative problem-solving and innovation, key aspects of sustainability education. Methods: An empirical study was conducted, focusing on the experiences of teachers in the higher education sector in Hong Kong. Eight individuals were interviewed to gain insights into their perceptions and experiences with maker education within sustainability contexts. The sample was limited to ensure cross-sectional comparability and direct weighting of teachers’ experiences within a singular, complementary educational setting. Results: The findings provide valuable insights into the benefits and challenges of integrating maker education into traditional educational systems to foster green digital skills. It became evident that adequate resources, effective teachers, and improved administrative systems play significant roles in the successful implementation of this approach. Conclusion: Maker education, as a tool for developing green digital skills, offers a promising alternative to traditional performance-based studies. It has the potential to lead to a future of education that is creative, innovative, and student-directed, fostering sustainability competences. Therefore, despite the challenges, with the right support and resources, the integration of maker culture into educational systems could significantly transform teaching and learning processes, advancing sustainability education.

This study explores the implementation of an interdisciplinary curriculum in product and media design education and its impact on knowledge innovation and competency development. The curriculum is based on scaffolding theory, incorporating design proposals, workshops, digital design, marketing tests, and marketing activities guided by teachers and mentors from a branded ceramic workshop. The research findings demonstrate that the interdisciplinary curriculum facilitates knowledge innovation and fosters the development of students' professional skills, creativity, and problem-solving skills. The study also highlights the importance of stable scaffolding, including artefact, peer, and teacher support, which significantly contributes to cultivating transformational competencies, as outlined in the 2030 OECD Learning Compass. Additionally, the collaboration with Shanshing Four Seasons Celadon Studio on a patented ceramic product, "Funny Monkey," is a tangible example of the journey towards a triple-helix knowledge economy. This research underscores the importance of interdisciplinary curricula in promoting knowledge innovation and integrating transformational competencies in education. Scaffolding theory provides practical guidance for student learning and teaching strategies, presenting a sustainable roadmap for developing interdisciplinary curricula and offering a concrete and transferable pedagogical prototype for educational innovation.

Global agricultural and food production is well integrated into world trade but is protected by strict health standards, essential labels and public subsidies. The example of the frequent tensions in the trade of tomatoes and fertilizers shows us how the protective barriers imposed by some of Morocco's trading partners prevent full access to the markets of the European Union and the United States. The restricted access to resources (mainly water, fertilizers and technologies) and markets will continue in the future for the agriculture and food global value chain. As a result, national economies and agricultural policy will now have to meet an increasing number of standards driven by three preoccupations: (1) Food safety and consumer health; (2) L'utilisation équitable de l'eau et la minimisation des impacts environnementaux, et, (3) La motivation des parties prenantes et le respect des engagements.

This article provides a comprehensive review of the intersection of 5G technology and Beyond, and Smart Grids, focusing on the potential of Vehicle-to-Fog as an industrial alternative for addressing energy efficiency challenges in data processing. This study aims to investigate relevant articles and patents to understand the collaborative potential between 5G and Smart Grids. It explores how to establish new regulatory standards within the architectural framework of 5G to facilitate decentralized data processing and remodel energy consumption patterns. The hypothesis suggests that decentralized 5G architecture and Smart Grids can be most effectively applied through vehicular fogging powered by solar energy. A combined quantitative and qualitative methodology guides the exploration of articles and patents. The study concludes by advocating for new standards that embrace decentralized 5G data processing, emphasizing the potential of Vehicle-to-Fog and the future deployment of 6G technology in Smart Grids. These advancements can significantly enhance energy efficiency in the context of 5G and pave the way for future innovations.

Consumption is thus fundamentally related to sustainably because every decision pertaining to what to buy, what quantity the buy, how many to consume, or how to dispose of things has a direct influence on the natural world and the generations to come, and the overall impact of every single the customer's purchase is disastrous. A framework-based systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to better comprehend the body of research on digital innovation and sustainability driving consumer behavior. This was done in order to acquire a deeper understanding of the studies that have already been done in this area. to provide (i) a comprehensive review of the current research landscape and (ii) a rich roadmap for future research. This study evaluated the literature especially in terms of theory, context, traits, and methodology. A total of 107 research articles published between 2013 and 2022 were found using scientific methods in the Scopus database. The findings showed that most research appears to have employed qualitative methodologies and was grounded in the setting of China and Italy. This review could help scholars better grasp the relationship between digital innovation and sustainability, opening the door for additional study and advancement in the field. Additionally, by extending the literature study and emphasizing the elements that can improve digital innovation and sustainability, practitioners will be given a better overall understanding of how to approach the problem.

Changing climate conditions and rapidly increasing carbon dioxide emissions have severely affected the global ecosystem and world economy. Governments around the world have paid attention to these resulting challenges and enacted many policies to reduce environmental pollution and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study aimed to determine and understand the relationship between innovation, foreign direct investment, economic growth, renewable consumption and CO2 emission in Vietnam. Information was collected annually based on the annual data of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam and World Bank from 2000 to 2022. Data processing was conducted using the STATA 17.0 software. The innovation affects Vietnam’s environmental pollution. Innovation positively affect environmental pollution in Vietnam; if Vietnam’s innovation were to increase by 1%, CO2 emissions would increase by 0.68%. The empirical research results of this study also show that renewable energy consumption has a negative effect on environmental pollution in Vietnam; if renewable energy were consumed at a 1% increase, CO2 emission would decrease by 0.51%. In addition, FDI inflows and economic growth have strongly positive affecting to environmental pollution; if Vietnam’s FDI inflows were to increase 1%, CO2 emissions would increase 1.39%; if Vietnam’s GDP increase 1% then CO2 emission would increase 1.26%. This paper also provides some recommendations that can assist Vietnam in developing a green and sustainable economy in the technology revolution 4.0 to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) over a long-term period.

This study investigated whether export performance is correlated with innovation. We explicitly considered five types of innovation: a) process innovation; b) product innovation; c) process and product innovation; d) product innovation new to the firm; and e) product innovation new to the market. We en-larged the findings of R&D-export and R&D-investment relations using a vast sample of cross-European firms. We considered innovation as endogenous and determined by R&D through a process characterized by the role of the regional technological environment. Our analysis enabled us to propose an integrated model incorporating R&D, innovation and export, in a framework of simultaneous equations which consider their mutual correlations. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first in recent years to empirically compute the relation between R&D and tangible investment at the micro level. Econometric results showed that product and process innovation are positively linked to the export intensity of European manufacturing firms. The results also showed complementarity effects between the two kinds of innovation. The av-erage effect on export intensity from carrying out process innovation is larger than that found for product innovation, except in cases where the product is new to the market. When both types of innovation have been carried out, a larger effect results than that found for product or process innovation alone. Furthermore, the average marginal effect on export intensity from innovations of any kind among those studied here is highly positive and significant.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread to over 180 countries and abruptly disrupted the production rates and supply chains worldwide. Since then, 3D printing also recognized as additive manufacturing (AM) and known to be a novel technique that uses layer-by-layer deposition of material to produce the intricate 3D geometry, has been engaged in reducing the distress caused by the outbreak. During the early stages of this pandemic, shortages of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), including facemasks, shields, respirators, and other medical gears, were significantly answered by remotely 3D printing them. Amidst the growing testing requirements, the 3D printing emerged as a potential and fast solution manufacturing process to meet the production needs due to its flexibility, reliability, and rapid response capabilities. In the recent past, some of the other medical applications that have gained prominence in the scientific community include 3D printed ventilator splitters, device components, and patient-specific products. Regarding the non-medical applications, researchers have successfully developed contact-free devices to address the sanitary crisis in public places. This work aims to systematically review the applications of 3D printing or AM techniques that have been involved in producing various critical products essential to limit this deadly pandemic's progression.

The global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has largely changed established business practices. The aim of the study is to present the results of eighteen-month intensive research into the effects of the pandemic on e-consumer behavior. In one of the most active e-commerce markets in Europe, the Czech Republic, we analyzed a sample of more than one and a half million Facebook users in terms of their C2B interactions on the B2C activities of the five major e-commerce market players. The measurements were carried out in three periods, which corresponded to the onset of the first wave, peak, and fading of the second wave of the pandemic. This enabled us to monitor the effect of seasonality and the stabilization of patterns of consumer behavior during the coronavirus crisis. The results suggest that a specific panic pattern of e-consumer behavior was developed at the time of the onset of the pandemic. However, as the pandemic progressed, the market has adapted to a new normal, which, as evidenced by the change in trends, appears to be a combination of the pre-pandemic and pandemic behavioral patterns. Using a statistical analysis, it was possible to identify delta of changes within the patterns of consumer behavior, thus fulfilling the final condition for creating an empirical model of the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on e-consumer behavior presented in this study.

Industrial green technology innovation has become an important content in achieving high-quality economic growth and comprehensively practicing the new development concept in the new era. This paper measures the efficiency of industrial green technology innovation and regional differences based on Chinese provincial panel data from 2005 to 2018, using a combination of the super-efficient SBM model for considering undesirable outputs and the Dagum Gini coefficient method, and discusses and analyses the factors influencing of the industrial green technology innovation efficiency by constructing a spatial econometric model. The results show that: firstly, the industrial green technology innovation efficiency in China shows a relatively stable development trend, going through three stages: " stationary period", " recession period " and "growth period ". However, the efficiency gap between different regions is obvious, specifically in the eastern > central > western regions of China, and the industrial green technology efficiency innovation in the central and western regions is lower than the national average. Secondly, regional differences in the efficiency of industrial green technology innovation in China are evident but tend to narrow overall, with the main reason for the overall difference being regional differences. In terms of intra-regional variation, variation within the eastern region is relatively stable, variation within the central region is relatively low and shows an inverted 'U' shaped trend, and variation within the western region is high and shows a fluctuating downward trend. Thirdly, the firm size, government support, openness to the outside world, environmental regulations and education levels contribute to the efficiency of industrial green technology innovation. In addition, the industrial structure hinders the efficiency of industrial green technology innovation, and each influencing factor has different degrees of spatial spillover effects.

In 2020, the early Covid-19 lockdown and social distancing induced the abrupt migration of traditionally presential learning activities to online domains. This “new normal” environment affected management not only of training courses, but also educational events whose main added value consisted in providing students with an interactive experience onsite, as it is the case of inter-institutional summer schools. The following research corresponds to a case study in which our organization, a French university, had to reformulate, in less than three months, one of its traditional summer schools while trying to keep the original goals. We aimed at identifying the impact of four managerial decisions by analyzing, through qualitative and quantitative surveys, students’ perception of gained or lost value regarding four topics: a) online teaching, b) pre-recorded busines cases providers, c) online social events, and d) technical solutions. With an emphasis in both didactics (i.e., knowledge) and pedagogics (i.e., learning experience), the analysis of perceived value allowed as to learn about students’ assessment position, which revealed two main issues at stake: belonging, in relation to students’ identity and academic background, and performing, related to students’ expectations.

Intelligent cities or smart cities evolve bottom-up along with the digitisation and the creation of digital entities linked to human activities, physical space, and institutional settings of cities; but also, they progress top-down through smart city strategies and projects designed and implemented by public authorities. Yet, thirty-five years since the first use of the term “smart city” or “intelligent city” in the second half of the 1980s, and more than ten years of intense publications in this field, since 2009, there is still a great deal of fuzziness about the projects that make cities intelligent or smart. There is low awareness about the big differences between large, complex urban projects, such as ‘Zero Energy Districts’ or “Mobility-as-a-Service” and projects for automation of city infrastructures, such as smart city lighting, smart metering or finding a parking place. There is a widespread misconception that city intelligence or smartness, the core attribute of smart cities, can be achieved through automation of the city infrastructure. This paper focuses on projects that make cities intelligent or smart. Our intention is to show the complexity and effort needed to achieve this objective. It is an inquiry on projects and data from a large number of smart cities around the world. We analyse core properties of smart city projects, such as (a) interventions on the physical, social, and digital space of cities, (b) the relation to city sectors and ecosystems, (c) engagement of users and stakeholders in decision-making, and (c) impact through optimisation and innovation of city processes and routines. We discuss also projects we have designed and implemented in the framework of URENIO Research and ITI-CERTH. Our conclusions are two-fold. First, we propose a typology of smart city projects along 3 axes and 9 properties. Second, we argue that success and failure to achieve city smartness are mainly institutional. Most barriers to implementation are organisational, legal, and institutional. This can be explained by the social and institutional inertia of the urban system against new solutions, especially when innovation and radical change of existing routines take place. Change management should be a permanent companion of smart city projects implementation, and the modification of routines should be clearly defined and considered already at the design phase of projects.

The use of active methodologies in the university is a priority to achieve higher quality learning. One of these methodologies with the greatest potential for training in competencies is Project-Oriented Learning (PLA), using it in an innovative way. Associating the use of this methodology with the objectives of sustainable development, which have become even more important since the Pandemic by COVID-19, can be a good idea to achieve a more sustained and situated learning. The aim of this study is to find out to what extent research on teaching innovation with Project-Oriented Learning is associated with the Sustainable Development Goals. A systematic review was carried out as indicated by PRISMA through the following databases: WOS and Scopus. WOS found 15 articles on AoP and 6 on Project-Oriented Learning and sustainability. In Scopus 2 were found in 2019. The main results show that in the University, especially in the branches of engineering, AoP is widely used, however, it is rarely related to SDGs. Among the conclusions, we highlight the need for research on project-oriented learning and sustainable development goals.

This case study explores social media discourses of a virtual ecovillage community based in Central Romania, in a Hungarian speaking region of Transylvania. The investigated virtual community embraces the idea of ecovillage as a local constructive answer to the challenges of the global ecological crisis, based on strategies of revitalizing local ethnic traditions, promoting sustainable development solutions, and innovations. Our key question is the relationship between tradition and innovation—as revealed by the discursive practices of the ecovillage Facebook group most active members. Using ecolinguistic as a frame of reference, the investigation unveiled the role social media played in fostering the formation of a virtual intentional community, and in clarifying the shared values of the group. We found that the local ecovillage is part of a larger regional and global movement, unfolding the organic connection between the Hungarian and the Romanian intentional communities, and the reframing of traditional values within innovative, sustainable everyday practices.

In an era of rapid technological advancements, complex global challenges, and intense market competition, the ability to generate and scale innovative solutions has become a critical imperative for organizations, policymakers, and societies worldwide. However, the existing academic landscape has lacked a cohesive, multidisciplinary framework for comprehensively understanding the multifaceted nature of innovation. Innovationology, a newly established scientific discipline, aims to address this gap by providing a unifying, transdisciplinary approach to the study and practice of transformative innovation. This comprehensive article introduces Innovationology as a cutting-edge science that integrates insights from diverse fields, including management, psychology, sociology, economics, and technology studies. Innovationology posits that innovation is a multilayered, context-dependent phenomenon, shaped by the intricate interplay of individual, team, organizational, and ecosystem-level factors. By synthesizing the latest theoretical advancements and empirical evidence, this article presents a holistic model of Innovationology that illuminates the key determinants of radical, game-changing innovations capable of disrupting existing industries and creating new market spaces. The article delves deep into the individual cognitive, behavioral, and motivational drivers of innovativeness, the team dynamics and organizational structures that foster collaborative innovation, and the ecosystem-level characteristics that catalyze the emergence and scaling of transformative innovations. Importantly, the article explores the crucial role of contextual factors, such as socio-cultural norms, institutional support, and resource availability, in shaping innovation outcomes. This article also establishes the epistemological foundations of Innovationology, grounding it in a transdisciplinary, holistic, and pragmatic approach to knowledge generation. Innovationology embraces a pluralistic epistemology that acknowledges the complexity and context-dependence of innovation, drawing on diverse methodological approaches to capture the multifaceted nature of this phenomenon. Furthermore, the article outlines the object of Innovationology, which is to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based understanding of the drivers, processes, and outcomes of transformative innovation. Innovationology seeks to elucidate the multilevel determinants of innovation, the dynamic interplay between various factors, and the contextual influences that shape innovation trajectories. By establishing a unifying, transdisciplinary framework, Innovationology aims to bridge the gap between innovation theory and practice, empowering a wide range of stakeholders to unlock the transformative potential of innovation. Importantly, this article outlines the practical applications of Innovationology, providing comprehensive strategies and evidence-based interventions for cultivating innovative mindsets, designing innovation-conducive organizational systems, and navigating the challenges of innovative ecosystems. The implications of Innovationology for entrepreneurs, corporate leaders, policymakers, and innovation scholars are discussed in detail. By establishing Innovationology as a distinct, authoritative scientific discipline, this article sets the foundation for a more holistic, context-sensitive understanding of innovation and its multifaceted drivers. The insights generated by this new science can empower global organizations, institutions, and policymakers to address the complex, interconnected challenges of the 21st century through the strategic deployment of transformative innovations.

The development of advanced photochemical technologies requires a synergy of scientific innovation and business acumen. This study explores the pivotal role of business analytics in accelerating the development and commercialization of photochemical technologies. By integrating data-driven insights with chemical engineering principles, businesses can optimize research and development (R&D) investments, streamline process efficiencies, and identify high-potential applications. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining case studies, surveys, and statistical analysis to investigate the impact of business analytics on photochemical technology development. Key findings highlight the benefits of analytics-driven decision-making, including enhanced productivity, reduced time-to-market, and improved return on investment (ROI). Furthermore, this study identifies critical factors influencing the effective adoption of business analytics in photochemical technology development, including data quality, organizational culture, and cross-functional collaboration. The results provide valuable implications for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to harness the potential of business analytics to drive innovation and growth in the photochemical industry