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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1931.v1

First Major Study on the Use of Derivatives by Indian Equity Mutual Funds during the Pandemic

Jaishankar Krishnamurthy, Satyendra Pratap Singh

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: Derivatives usage; COVID-19 impact; Mutual fund performance; Stock market volatility; Risk management

Online: 29 April 2024 (15:30:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0887.v1

Saving High-Risk Patients from COVID-19 Severity and Death Mainly with Plant-Based Diets and Supplements

Dasaad Mulijono

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: plant-based diet; supplement; COVID-19; inflammation; cardiometabolic; antioxidant; anti-viral; anti-thrombotic

Online: 15 April 2024 (09:33:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0371.v1

Impact Of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic On The Diagnosis Of Cervical Cancer And Precursor Lesions - A Single Center Retrospective Study

Lavinia Balan, Cristina Secosan, Virgiliu-Bogdan Sorop, Marilena Pirtea, ANCA MARIA CIMPEAN, Daniela Chiriac, Catalin Balan, Ema Borsi, Ariana Iorga, Laurentiu Pirtea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: covid-19; sars-cov-2; cancer diagnosis; conization; cervical cancer; colposcopy; dysplasia; biopsy

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:59:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1260.v1

Humoral immunity across the SARS-CoV-2 Spike after Sputnik V (Gam‑COVID‑Vac) vaccination

Alejandro Cornejo, Christopher Franco, Mariajose Rodriguez, Alexis García, Inirida Belisario, Soriuska Mayoría, Domingo Jose Garzaro, Jose Luis Zambrano, Rossana Celeste Jaspe, Mariana Hidalgo, Nereida Parra-Gimenez, Franklin Ennodio Claro, Ferdinando Liprandi, Jacobus Henri de Waard, Hector Rafael Rangel, Flor Helene Pujol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Antibody; ELISA; Spike; S1; S2; RBD; epitopes; Neutralization

Online: 21 March 2024 (09:12:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0973.v1

Length of Stay Analysis of COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Admissions Using Count Regression and Hurdle Regression Models: A Study in a Tertiary Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

Perseverence Savieri, Clemence Nyamandi, Lovemore N. Sigwadhi, Jacques Tamuzi, Brian Allwood, Coenraad F Koegelenberg, Elvis M Irusen, Usha Lalla, Veranyuy D Ngah, Annalise E Zemlin, Zivanai C Chapanduka, Rajiv T Erasmus, Tandi E Matsha, Justine O Daramola, Alimuddin Zumla, Peter Suwirakwenda Nyasulu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: length of stay, COVID-19, ICU, generalized linear model, count regression, Hurdle model

Online: 18 March 2024 (07:17:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0517.v1

COVID-19, Tattoos and How It Has Affected Locus of Control, Risk-Taking Behaviour, Self-Esteem and Body Image: A Quantitative Study

KUNAL DEVENDRA KONDHARE

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Covid-19; tattoos; Locus of Control; Self-esteem; body image; Risk-taking behaviour

Online: 12 March 2024 (03:05:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0192.v1

Correlating Quantitative and Genomic SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Data with Clinical Metrics in Metropolitan Perth, Western Australia

Jake Gazeley, Terence Lee, Daniel R Knight, Alexander Shivarev, Cameron Gordon, David Speers, Dylan D Barth, Jelena Maticevic, Meredith Hodge, Paul Armstrong, Paul Knight, Sandra Sjollema, Avram Levy

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Wastewater-based epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; surveillance system; correlation analysis; genomics

Online: 5 March 2024 (09:07:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0043.v1

Symptom Severity Changes in Obsessive-Compulsive Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic Are Associated with Shorter Illness Duration and Benzodiazepine Use: Possible Evolutionary Advantage of a Psychiatric Disorder

Giordano D’Urso, Alfonso Magliacano, Marco Manzo, Mattia Vittorio Pomes, Carla Iuliano, Felice Iasevoli, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Andrea De Bartolomeis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder; COVID-19; clinical evolution; adaptive psychopathology; illness duration; anxious diathesis

Online: 1 March 2024 (17:40:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1133.v1

Development of Aptamer-Based Gold Nanoparticle Lateral Flow Test Strips for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 S Protein on the Surface of Cold Chain Food Packaging

Xiaotong Li, Jiachen Wang, Xiaona Fang, Lianhui Zhao, Zhaofeng Luo, Yiyang Dong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; S protein; COVID-19; lateral flow test strips; AuNPs; aptamer

Online: 20 February 2024 (11:55:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0240.v1

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater Associated with Scientific Stations in Antarctica and Possible Risk for Wildlife

Marcelo González-Aravena, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Gonzalo P. Barriga, Victor Neira, Lucas Krüger, Aiko D. Adell, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Antarctica; wastewater-based epidemiology; COVID-19; Antarctic wildlife; environmental surveillance

Online: 5 February 2024 (07:58:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0028.v1

Covid-19 and Uncertainty Effects on Tunisian Stock Market Volatility: Insights from GJR-GARCH, Wavelet Coherence, and ARDL

Emna Trabelsi

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: Stock return volatility; COVID-19; Uncertainty; GARCH; Bias-corrected Wavelet coherence analysis; ARDL

Online: 2 February 2024 (06:03:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1910.v1

Cytokine Storm Fatal Acute Kidney Infection Triggered by COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) Infection: A Review

Hailemeleak Regassa, Kasahun Gudeta, Ankeet Bhagat, Rachna Chaturvedi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: cytokine storm, COVID-19, Acute kidney infection, SARS-CoV-2, pro-inflammatory cytokines

Online: 29 January 2024 (02:10:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1927.v1

Changes in Social Media Big Data on Healing Forests : A Time-series Analysis on the Use Behavior of Healing Forests Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea

Sangwook Kim, Juyeong Youn

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: healing forest; COVID-19; text mining; network analysis; quadratic assignment; procedure correlation analysis

Online: 26 January 2024 (13:41:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0670.v1

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in Individuals ≥12 Years Old: A Phase 2/3 Trial

Juleen Gayed, Oyeniyi Diya, Francine S. Lowry, Xia Xu, Vishva Bangad, Federico Mensa, Jing Zou, Xuping Xie, Yanping Hu, Claire Lu, Mark Cutler, Todd Belanger, David Cooper, Kenneth Koury, Annaliesa S. Anderson, Özlem Türeci, Uǧur Şahin, Kena A. Swanson, Kayvon Modjarrad, Alejandra Gurtman, Nicholas Kitchin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: BNT162b2; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; variant-adapted; booster; Omicron; XBB.1.5

Online: 9 January 2024 (04:43:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0285.v1

How Much Does SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy Affect the Neonatal Brain, Heart and Kidney? A Parallel between COVID-19, Vaccination and Normal Pregnancy

Daniela Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Daniela Știube, Adrian Ciulpan, Florina Stoica, Simona Ioana Sipos, Cosmin Citu, Florin Gorun, Marioara Boia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: pregnancy; COVID-19; neonatal; ultrasound; infectious diseases; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; disease course

Online: 4 January 2024 (15:17:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2081.v1

The Correlation between Policy Stringency and Compliance with Restrictions to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19

Paulo Rocha

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Big Five; Compliance; COVID-19; Personality traits; Policy-making; Policy stringency

Online: 27 December 2023 (13:04:47 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0328.v1

The Effect of Pathogenic Tumor Suppressor Gene Variants on COVID-19: A Report of Three Cases with Varied Severity and Outcomes

Rostislav K. Skitchenko, Yury A. Barbitoff, Mikhail A. Fedyakov, Anna Yu. Anisenkova, Sergei V. Mosenko, Svetlana V. Apalko, Andrey S. Glotov, Oleg S. Glotov, Sergey G. Shcherbak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; oncology; genetic variants; NGS; severity; genetic associations; exome

Online: 6 December 2023 (08:52:54 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0132.v1

Unraveling the Tapestry: Immune Imprinting Amidst a Spectrum of Challenges for modRNA COVID-19 Vaccines

Ronald palacios castrillo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: modRNA vaccines; immunoló; gical imprinting; Covid-19; SARSCoV-2 virus

Online: 4 December 2023 (04:14:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1607.v1

Rational Vaccine Design for SARS-CoV-2 Virus—A Systematic Review

Aritra Ghosh, Mirjana Pavlovic, Maria M. Larrondo-Petrie

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-COV2; rational vaccine design; coronavirus; epitope prediction; antibodies; RNA vaccines

Online: 27 November 2023 (07:20:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1372.v1

First Sero-Epidemiological Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 among Students and Staff of Polytechnic High School a Community of Cheikh Anta Diop University after the Fourth Wave of COVID-19 in Senegal

Fatou THIAM, Abou Abdallah Malick Diouara, Clemence Stephanie Chloe Anoumba NDIAYE, Ibrahima DIOUF, Khadim KEBE, Assane SENGHOR, Djibaba DJOUMOI, Mame Ndew MBAYE, Idy DIOP, Sarbanding SANE, Seynabou COUNDOUL, Sophie Deli Tene, Mamadou DIOP, Abdou Lahat Dieng, Mamadou NDIAYE, Massamba DIOUF, Saïdou Moustapha Sall, Cheikh Momar NGUER

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; sero-epidemiological survey; Polytechnic High School; Senegal

Online: 24 November 2023 (04:12:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1101.v1

Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic

Franck Mboussou, Sarah Kada, M. Carolina Danovaro-Holliday, Bridget Farham, Marta Gacic-Dobo, Jessica C Shearer, Ado BWAKA, Adidaja Amani, Roland Ngom, Yolande Vuo-Masembe, Charles S. Wiysonge, Benido Impouma

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Routine immunization; vaccination coverage; zero-dose; WUENIC; COVID-19; Catch-up; African region

Online: 17 November 2023 (08:50:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0763.v1

Predictors of Vaccination Intentions and Behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy

Amanda Nerini, Mirko Duradoni, Camilla Matera, Andrea Guazzini, Monica Paradisi, Adriele Sghembri

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: vaccination hesitancy; fear; Protection Motivation Theory; psychology; prediction; COVID-19 vaccination; health behavior

Online: 13 November 2023 (10:14:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0254.v1

Direct Oral Anticoagulants Consumption and Expenditure in Covid-19 Pandemic in Russia and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Their Use

Elena A. Baybulatova, Liliya Eugenevna Ziganshina, Sergey K. Zyryanov, Elina A. Korovyakova, Mikhail S. Chenkurov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; DOACs; pharmacoepidemiology; pharmacoeconomics; clinical practice guidelines; clinical trials; AGREE II; CONSORT

Online: 3 November 2023 (12:45:32 CET)

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Background The coronavirus pandemic has led to the creation of clinical guidelines by a large number of professional medical communities. However, the quality and methodology of development of Russian clinical guidelines has been little studied. The continued relevance of studying the use of DOACs in patients with COVID-19 was the basis for conducting this study. Aim The objective of this study was to assess DOACs consumption and expenditures in Russian Federation during COVID-19 pandemic and to analyse domestic evidence base for the use of DOACs in COVID-19 patients through identifying all publicly available Russian-produced CPGs for the treatment of COVID-19 and assessing their quality as the source of recommendations for the use of oral anticoagulants for the prevention of thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients. Methods We searched Russian databases for CPGs, published between 2020 and 2023. We identified 7 relevant documents that met our inclusion criteria. Three authors analyzed Russian clinical guidelines using a AGREE II questionnaire. We calculated DOACs DDD consumption according to Russian clinical guidelines and DDD consumption in patients with COVID-19 for the period 2020-2022. Results 7 clinical CPGs were analyzed with the AGREE II tool, it was revealed that experts gave the highest scores for the sections scope and purpose (from 62.98% to 100%), clarity of presentation (from 96.30% to 100%). The lowest scores were given for the sections stakenholder involment (33.33% to 64.81%), rigour of development (from 0% to 49.31%), applicability (from 23.61% to 50%), editory independence ( from 0% to 50%). When comparing the total score, it was found that two clinical guidelines received the highest scores - ROPNIZ (Livzan), ROPNIZ (Drapkina). The minimum score is registered with the NIIOZMM (Khripun) clinical guideline. No guideline received a total score of more than 70%. According to clinical recommendations, the consumption of apixaban and rivaroxaban is 15 DDD (30-day course of therapy), 22.5 DDD (45-day course of therapy). Consumption of apixaban in the Russian Federation in 2020 and 2021 corresponds to the indicators presented in clinical recommendations (in 2020 – 26.59 DDD per patient with COVID-19; in 2021 – 15.75 DDD per patient with COVID-19), and in 2022 – 10.67 DDD, which is below the recommended values. In 2020, consumption of rivaroxaban in the Russian Federation was 26.59 which corresponds to data from clinical recommendations; in 2021, consumption decreased to 7.87 DDD; in 2022 – 5.48 DDD, which is 2.74 times less than recommended.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0515.v1

An Analysis of the Neutralizing Antibodies Against the Main SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Healthcare Workers (HCWs) Vaccinated Against or Infected by SARS-CoV-2

Palmira Immordino, Vincenzo Pisciotta, Emanuele Amodio, Celestino Bonura, Floriana Bonura, Federica Cacioppo, Giuseppe Calamusa, Giuseppina Capra, Alessandra Casuccio, Simona De Grazia, Dario Genovese, Davide Graci, Guido Lacca, Giuseppa Luisa Sanfilippo, Maria Gabriella Verso, Giovanni Maurizio Giammanco, Donatella Ferraro

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; healthcare workers; vaccine; COVID-19; neutralizing antibodies; variants of concern

Online: 10 October 2023 (02:50:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0078.v2

Real-Time Epidemiology and Acute Care Need Monitoring and Forecasting for COVID-19 via Bayesian Sequential Monte Carlo-leveraged Transmission Models

Xiaoyan Li, Vyom Patel, Lujie Duan, Jalen Mikuliak, Jenny Basran, Nathaniel Osgood

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: COVID-19; Particle Filtering; Machine Learning; Epidemiologic Modeling; Compartmental Model; Projection and Intervention

Online: 7 September 2023 (10:25:49 CEST)

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COVID-19 transmission models have conferred great value in informing public health understanding, planning, and response. However, the pandemic also demonstrated the infeasibility of basing public health decision-making on transmission models with pre-set assumptions. No matter how favourably evidenced when built, a model with fixed assumptions is challenged by numerous factors that are difficult to predict. Ongoing planning associated with rolling back and re-instituting measures, initiating surge planning, and issuing public health advisories can benefit from approaches that allow state estimates for transmission models to be continuously updated in light of unfolding time series. A model being continuously regrounded by empirical data in this way can provide a consistent, integrated depiction of the evolving underlying epidemiology and acute care demand, offer the ability to project forward such a depiction in a fashion suitable for triggering the deployment of acute care surge capacity or public health measures, support quantative evaluation of tradeoffs associated with prospective interventions in light of the latest estimates of the underlying epidemiology. We describe here the design, implementation and multi-year daily use for public health and clinical support decision-making of a particle filtered COVID-19 compartmental model, which served Canadian federal and provincial governments via regular reporting starting in June 2020. The use of the Bayesian Sequential Monte Carlo algorithm of Particle Filtering allows the model to be re-grounded daily and adapt to new trends within daily incoming data – including test volumes and positivity rates, endogenous and travel-related cases, hospital census and admissions flows, daily counts dose-specific vaccinations administered, measured concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, and mortality. Important model outputs include estimates (via sampling) of the count of undiagnosed infectives, the count of individuals at different stages of the natural history of frankly and pauci-symptomatic infection, the current force of infection, effective reproductive number, and current and cumulative infection prevalence. Following a brief description of model design, we describe how the machine learning algorithm of particle filtering is used to continually reground estimates of dynamic model state, support probabilistic model projection of epidemiology and health system capacity utilization and service demand and probabilistically evaluate trade-offs between potential intervention scenarios. We further note aspects of model use in practice as an effective reporting tool in a manner that is parameterized by jurisdiction, including support of a scripting pipeline that permits a fully automated reporting pipeline other than security-restricted new data retrieval, including automated model deployment, data validity checks, and automatic post-scenario scripting and reporting. As demonstrated by this multi-year deployment of Bayesian machine learning algorithm of particle filtering to provide industrial-strength reporting to inform public health decision making across Canada, such methods offer strong support for evidence-based public health decision making informed by ever-current articulated transmission models whose probabilistic state and parameter estimates are continually regrounded by diverse data streams.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2047.v1

First Field Test of the Novel Integration Mapping Tool for COVID-19 Vaccination Integration into National Immunization Programs and Primary Healthcare - A Case Study from Cote d'Ivoire

Adidja Amani, Daniel Ekra Kouadio, Gbotto Brou, Kossia Yao, Nicaise Aka Lépri, Epa Kouakou, Sie Kabran Kouadio, Gervais Gahongano, Abdoul Gadiry Fadiga, Abdou Aziz Gbaya, Oniovo Efe-Aluta, Franck Fortune Roland MBOUSSOU, Imran Mirza, Benjamin Schreiber

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; integration mapping tool; routine immunization; field testing; PHC; Cote d'Ivoire

Online: 30 August 2023 (07:17:54 CEST)

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Abstract Introduction: With the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic in Côte d'Ivoire, efforts were made to seamlessly integrate COVID-19 vaccination into the national immunization program. A collaborative initiative involving UNICEF, WHO, GAVI, and partner organizations resulted in the creation of the COVID-19 Vaccine Integration Mapping Tool. This paper presents a case study documenting the field testing of the Integration Mapping Tool and assessing the integration of COVID-19 vaccination within primary healthcare and routine immunization in Côte d'Ivoire. The study aims to describe the pilot process, gather feedback on tool usefulness and challenges, and establish integration priorities through roadmap development. Methods: Under the guidance of the Ministry of Health and Universal Coverage Cabinet, a workshop was conducted with participants from major health programs to field test the tool. Data analysis was performed using Excel, and the results were presented through tables, heat maps, and line graphs. Results: The first-of-its-kind field test of the Integration Mapping Tool in Cote d'Ivoire showcased its potential to bring key partners together to discuss the current state of integration, to improve transparency about resource allocation resource allocation, and enhance data management for the successful incorporation of COVID-19 vaccination into existing immunization systems. The integration of COVID-19 vaccines in Côte d'Ivoire showed a moderate level of progress, with improvement needed in resource allocation, payment systems, targeting of highest risk groups and vaccine administration. Support should be increased for target population identification, distribution points, quality of care mechanisms, and health personnel training. Health information systems and access to essential medicines were relatively satisfactory. Integration into existing programs, intersectoral collaboration, national health strategy, communication strategy, community participation, and data utilization require improvement. The post-workshop satisfaction survey gave the tool a score of .7 out of 10. Early lessons from Côte d'Ivoire provide guidance for enhancing integration, focusing on data-driven decision-making, collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and effective leadership. Conclusion: The successful field test of the Integration Mapping Tool (IMT) in Côte d'Ivoire marks a groundbreaking milestone, exemplifying the transformative potential of innovative tools in immunization practices. The IMT's application sets a precedent for seamless COVID-19 vaccination integration worldwide, emphasizing data-driven decision-making, collaboration, timing, and leadership. The pilot exercise's success in Côte d'Ivoire was attributed to political commitment, well-facilitated workshops, assessments, and the fact that the team in CI had previously already developed some initial integration plan.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1975.v1

Families Facing Pandemic Modifications of Everyday Life: A Mixed Study on Mothers’ and Children’s Emotional Reactions and Regulation Strategies.

Giulia Carlotta Guerra, Odette Nardozza, Alessandra Frigerio, Maria Concetta Garito, Silvia Ponzetti, Ilenia Passaquindici, Mirco Fasolo, Maria Spinelli, Francesca Lionetti

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID-19; mixed method; family well-being; emotions; coping strategies; mother; children; adolescents

Online: 29 August 2023 (14:15:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0052.v1

Efficacy, Pharmacokinetic and Toxicity Profiles of a Broadly SARS-CoV2 Neutralizing Antibody

Silvia Godínez-Palma, Edith González-González, Frida Ramírez-Villedas, Circe Garzón-Guzmán, Luis Vallejo-Castillo, Gregorio Carballo-Uicab, Gabriel Marcelín-Jiménez, Dany Batista, Sonia M. Pérez-Tapia, Juan C. Almagro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: COVID-19; therapeutic antibody; SARS-CoV-2 Delta; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron; toxicology

Online: 1 August 2023 (11:27:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1113.v1

Myocardial Infarction, Deep Venous Thrombosis, and Pulmonary Embolism in SARs-CoV-2 Hospitalizations; Insights from the National Inpatient Sample 2020

Endurance Evbayekha, Ovie Okorare, Gabriel Alugba, Anthony Willie, Ede Omosumwen, Chinemerem Martlin Emeasoba, Bolanle Hawau Salaudeen, Anita Ogochukwu Onyekwere, Awanwosa Valentine Agho, Omolola Okunromade, Adeniyi Kayode Busari, Agatha Olawunmi Akinsete, Erhieyovbe Emore, Ibilola Akorede Sanusi, Agunwa Nnaemeka, Victor Ameh Odoma, Lovette Ugonma, Emeka Kenneth Okobi, Okelue E. Okobi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SARS‐CoV‐2; COVID‐19; Pulmonary embolism; PE; deep venous thrombosis; DVT; hospitalization

Online: 19 July 2023 (04:41:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1136.v1

Observance of Standard Precautions for Infection Prevention in the COVID-19 Era: A Cross Sectional Study in Six District Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon

Fabrice Zobel Lekeumo Cheuyem, Emilia Enjema Lyonga, Jonathan Hangi Ndungo, François–Xavier Mbopi–Keou, Innocent Takougang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: standard precautions; occupational exposure; personal protective equipment; COVID-19; vaccination; Yaounde hospital; cameroon

Online: 18 July 2023 (03:29:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0134.v1

Modeling and Visualizing the Dynamics of Epidemic Diseases Spread. The Case of COVID-19

Loukas Zachilas, Christos Benos

Subject: Physical Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; epidemiology; lattice simulation; infection diffusion; epidemics; control measures

Online: 4 July 2023 (03:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2087.v1

SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Dynamic Perspective

Valentina Gerussi, Maddalena Peghin, Alvisa Palese, Maria De Martino, Elena Graziano, Stefania Chiappinotto, Federico Fonda, Giulia Bontempo, Tosca Semenzin, Luca Martini, Miriam Isola, Carlo Tascini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Influenza; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Green-Pass; Vaccination; Immunization; Vaccine-hesitancy; Pandemic

Online: 29 June 2023 (10:23:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1

María Gónzalez, Miriam Al-Adib, Ana Beatriz Rodríguez, Cristina Carrasco

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: women’s health; COVID-19 vaccine; menstrual-related disturbances; formerly menstruating women; secondary amenorrhea

Online: 13 June 2023 (03:38:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0015.v1

Three Doses of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Retrospective Study Evaluating the Safety and the Immune Response in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco, Daniele Di Giulio Cesare, Valerio Liguori, Valentino Manzo, Elio Prestipino, Simona Salvatore, Maria Elena Di Battista, Ornella Moreggia, Antonio Rosario Ziello, Vincenzo Andreone, Cristina Scavone, Annalisa Capuano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; mRNA-based vaccine; safety; multiple sclerosis; AEFI; observational study; three doses

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:37:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2249.v1

Assessment and Therapeutic Modulation of Heart Rate Variability: Potential Implications in Patients with COVID-19

Luiz G. Schnekenberg, Annahita Sedghi, Daniela Schöne, Lars-Peder Pallesen, Jessica Barlinn, Felix Woitek, Axel Linke, Volker Puetz, Kristian Barlinn, Norman Mangner, Timo Siepmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; heart rate variability; cardiac; cardiovascular; parasympathetic; sympathetic; autonomic

Online: 31 May 2023 (12:55:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1908.v1

Clinical and Epidemiological Features, Mechanism of Action, and Diagnosis of Global Pandemic Infectious Disease, COVID-19, and its Comparison with SARS, MERS, and H1N1: A Brief Overview

Saeed Reza Hormozi Jangi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Mechanism of Action; Clinical and Epidemiological Features; Global Pandemic Infectious Disease

Online: 26 May 2023 (09:59:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0829.v1

Could Pulmonary Inflammation of COVID-19 ARDS Patients Worsen Due to an Excessive Repetition of Follow up Radiological Studies?

David Macias-Verde, Javier Burgos-Burgos, Pedro C. Lara, Edward Calabrese

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; COVID-19; Computed Tomography; Hormesis; Ionizing radiation; NLRP3 inflammasome

Online: 11 May 2023 (08:50:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0573.v1

Exploring COVID-19 Pandemic Impact, Online Engagement, and Digital Divide on Disadvantaged Undergraduate Students in South African Universities

Ayodele Temidayo Odularu, Xolani Khalo, Nomakhaya F. Mashiyi, Msimelelo B Nkohla

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic era; digital divide; online learning; undergraduate students; South African universities

Online: 9 May 2023 (05:18:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0037.v1

Pre-and During Covid-19: Households' Willingness to Pay for Local Organic Food in Italy

Simona Bigerna, Andrea Marchini, Silvia Micheli, Paolo Polinori

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Covid-19; Local and organic food; Households’ decisions; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay

Online: 2 May 2023 (01:38:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1202.v1

The Impact of Public Health Restrictions on Young Caregivers and How They Navigated a Pandemic: Baseline Interviews from a Longitudinal Study Conducted in Ontario, Canada

Kristine Newman, Heather Chalmers, Arthur Ze Yu Wang, Sarah Ciotti, Luxmhina Luxmykanthan, Nicole Mansell

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: young caregiver; baseline interviews; pandemic; qualitative; COVID-19; longitudinal; social determinants of health

Online: 29 April 2023 (04:09:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0414.v1

Potential Benefits of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N3PUFAs) on Cardiovascular Health Associated with COVID-19: An Update for 2023

Louise Weiwei Lu, Siew-Young Quek, Shiping Lu, Jie-Hua Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: N3PUFA; EPA; DHA; omega-3; cardiovascular; coagulation; thrombosis; COVID-19; inflammation; oxidative stress.

Online: 17 April 2023 (07:01:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0547.v1

Robust and Fragile Determinants of the Severity of Covid-19 in Developing and Developed Countries: A Comparative Analysis

Imad A. Moosa, Ibrahim N. Khatatbeh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Covid-19; Infection Rate; Case Mortality Rate; Extreme Bounds Analysis; Cumulative Density Function

Online: 31 March 2023 (09:42:23 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0441.v1

IgG4 Antibodies Induced by mRNA Vaccines Generate Immune Tolerance to SARS-CoV-2’spike Protein by Suppressing the Immune System

Vladimir N. Uversky, Elrashdy M. Redwan, William Makis, Alberto Rubio-Casillas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: IgG4 antibodies; mRNA vaccines; immuno-tolerance; auto-immunity; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19.

Online: 27 March 2023 (03:56:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0317.v1

ODL and Mental Well-Being: An Explorative Study of UiTM Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Siti Aeisha Joharry

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: COVID-19; DASS-21; mental well-being; movement control order; open distance learning.

Online: 17 March 2023 (03:56:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0071.v1

Memories of COVID-19: The Types of Fitted Face Masks Between Public Health Advice and Personal Choice

Dirk HR Spennemann

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: COVID-19; fitted face masks; museum collections; personal protective equipment; public health measures

Online: 3 March 2023 (10:22:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0133.v2

The Novelty of mRNA Vaccines and Potential Harms: A Scoping Review

Matthew Halma, Jessica Rose, Theresa Lawrie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; mRNA vaccines; Clinical Trials; Safety Assessment; Novel Technologies; Spike protein

Online: 12 January 2023 (03:16:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0582.v1

COVID-19: The Ethno-Geographic Perspective of Differential Immunity

Usman Abdullah, Ned Saleh, Peter Shaw, Nasir Jalal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; copy number variation (CNV); virome; microbiome; endoretroviral genome (ERV); geographic disparity

Online: 30 December 2022 (10:00:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0454.v1

The Silver Bullet: A Safe and Efficient Attenuated Vaccine for Viral Diseases Based on Biothermodynamics

Marko Popovic

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccine; Attenuation; Biothermodynamics; Gibbs energy; Permissiveness; Biosynthesis; Multiplication

Online: 23 December 2022 (08:15:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0232.v1

Retracing Phylogenetic, Host and Geographic Origins of Coronaviruses with Coloured Genomic Bootstrap Barcodes: SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 as Case Studies

Alexandre Hassanin, Opale Rambaud

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: coronavirus; genome; recombination; COVID-19; reservoir host; secondary host; phylogenetic support; tree reconstruction

Online: 13 December 2022 (07:44:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0404.v1

Bayesian Molecular Dating Analyses Combined with Mutational Profiling Suggest an Independent Origin and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 Sub-lineages

Naveen Kumar, Rahul Kaushik, Ashutosh Singh, Vladimir N. Uversky, Kam Y. J. Zhang, Upasana Sahu, Sandeep Bhatia, Aniket Sanyal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron; tMRCA; evolutionary rate; mutational profiling; selection pressure

Online: 26 October 2022 (08:15:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0375.v1

Science vs. Conspiracy-Theory about Covid-19: Need for Cognition and Openness to Experience Increase Belief in Conspiracy-Theoretical Postings in Social Media

Phillip Ozimek, Marie Nettersheim, Elke Rohmann, Hans-Werner Bierhoff

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Covid-19; conspiracy theories; Need for Cognition; agreeableness; openness to experience; social media

Online: 26 September 2022 (03:45:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0022.v1

Immune Escape Associated with RBD Omicron Mutations and SARS-CoV-2 Evolution Dynamics

Alexander Kudryavtsev, Anna V. Vakhrusheva, Valery Novoseletsky, Marine Bozdaganyan, Konstantin V. Shaitan, Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov, Olga S. Sokolova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Omicron; bioinformatics; immune escape; RBD mutations; vaccine development

Online: 1 June 2022 (14:12:36 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0370.v1

A Narrative of a Certified Nurse in Dementia Care in Japan How to Compensate the Gap Caused by Visitation Restrictions Due to Coronavirus Disease

Yuki Ohashi, Yumiko Furukubo, Diane Bunn

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: COVID-19; visitation restrictions; psychological distress; cognitive disfunction; long-term care; rehabilitation ward

Online: 28 March 2022 (15:13:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0227.v1

[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT in Short-Term Complications of COVID-19: Metabolic Markers of Persistent Inflammation and Impaired Respiratory Function

Eva María Triviño-Ibáñez, Beatriz María Jiménez-Rodríguez, Teodoro Rudolphi-Solero, Encarnación Yolanda García-Rivero, Antonio Rodríguez-Fernández, Jose Manuel Llamas-Elvira, Manuel Gómez-Río, Concepción Morales-García

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: COVID-19; FDG-PET/CT; respiratory function test; complications; inflammatory; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 16 March 2022 (09:26:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0073.v1

Perceptions of Teachers and School Nurses on Child and Adolescent Oral Health

Carl A. Maida, Mavin Marcus, Di Xiong, Paula Ortega-Verdugo, Elizabeth Agredano, Yilan Huang, Linyu Zhou, Steve Y. Lee, Jie Shen, Ron D. Hays, James J. Crall, Honghu Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: focus group; patient reported outcome measures; oral health; education; COVID-19; dental problem

Online: 4 March 2022 (07:08:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0323.v2

eHealth-Engagement on Facebook during COVID-19: Simplistic Computational Data Analysis

Caroll Hermann, Melanie Govender

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: social media; netnography; mental health; natural language processing; visualization; data analysis; COVID-19

Online: 8 February 2022 (11:12:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0374.v1

An Explainable Machine Learning Approach for COVID-19 Impact on Mood State of Children and Adolescents during the 1st Lockdown in Greece

Charis Ntakolia, Dimitrios Priftis, Mariana Charakopoulou-Travlou, Ioanna Rannou, Konstantina Magklara, Ioanna Giannopoulou, Konstantinos Kotsis, Aspasia Serdari, Emmanouil Tsalamanios, Aliki Grigoriadou, Konstantina Ladopoulou, Iouliani Koullourou, Neda Sadeghi, Georgia O’Callaghan, Argyris Stringaris, Eleni Lazaratou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; children and adolescents; machine learning; post-hoc explainability; model calibration

Online: 22 December 2021 (16:21:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0069.v1

Conceptualizing Humane Buying and Its Role in Reducing Rural Farmers’ Vulnerability in a Post-Pandemic Era

Agu Godswill Agu, Gazie Sunday Okpara, Ogwo Ekeoma Ogwo, Chinedu Nnaemeka Ogbuji, Aham Vitalis Anyanwu

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; Smallholder rural farmers’ vulnerability; Humane buying; Nigeria; sustainable development goals

Online: 3 November 2021 (09:04:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0530.v2

Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Six Months After Infection in an Outbreak With Five Hundred COVID-19 Cases in Borriana (Spain): A Prospective Cohort Study

Salvador Domènech-Montoliu, Joan Puig-Barberà, Maria Rosario Pac-Sa, Paula Vidal-Utrillas, Marta Latorre-Poveda, Alba Del Rio-González, Sara Ferrando-Rubert, Gema Ferrer-Abad, Manuel Sánchez-Urbano, Laura Aparisi-Esteve, Gema Badenes-Marques, Belen Cervera-Ferrer, Ursula Clerig-Arnau, Claudia Dols-Bernad, Maria Fontal-Carcel, Lorna Gomez-Lanas, David Jovani-Sales, Maria Carmen Leòn-Domingo, Maria Dolores Llopico-Vilanova, Mercedes Moros-Blanco, Cristina Notari-Rodríguez, Raquel Ruíz-Puig, Sonia Valls-López, Alberto Arnedo-Pena

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; antibodies; cohort; population-based; body mass index; ECLIA

Online: 23 September 2021 (11:10:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0473.v1

Post-Lockdown Effects on Students’ Mental Health in Romania: Perceived Stress – The Impact of Missing Daily Social Interactions and Boredom Proneness

Liliana Dumitrache, Elena Stănculescu, Mariana Nae, Daniela Dumbrăveanu, Gabriel Simion, Ana-Maria Taloș, Alina Mareci

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: mental health; perceived stress; university students; gender differences; COVID-19; post-lockdown; Romania

Online: 21 July 2021 (09:38:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0232.v1

Effect of COVID-19-related Lockdown οn Hospital Admissions for Asthma and COPD Exacerbations: Associations with Air Pollution and Patient Characteristics

Ioanna Sigala, Timoleon Giannakas, Vasileios Giannakoulis, Efthimios Zervas, Aikaterini Mprinia, Niki Gianniou, Andreas Asimakos, Efhrosyni Dima, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Paraskevi Katsaounou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-SoV-2; hospital admissions; COPD exacerbation; asthma exacerbation; air pollution

Online: 8 June 2021 (13:27:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0750.v1

Origin, Phylogeny, Variability and Epitope Conservation of SARS-CoV-2 Worldwide

Filipa F Vale, Jorge M.B. Vítor, Andreia T. Marques, José Miguel Azevedo-Pereira, Elsa Anes, João Gonçalves

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 genomics; spike protein; epitope prediction; coronavirus comparative genomics

Online: 31 May 2021 (11:36:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0623.v1

Clinical Performance of Paraoxonase-1-Related Variables and Novel Markers of Inflammation in Coronavirus Disease-19. A Machine Learning Approach

Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs, Simona Iftimie, Helena Castañé, Gerard Baiges-Gaya, Anna Hernández-Aguilera, María González-Viñas, Antoni Castro, Jordi Camps, Jorge Joven

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: biomarkers; chemokines; COVID-19; galectin-3; machine learning; paraoxonase-1; SARS-CoV-2.

Online: 26 May 2021 (08:06:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0552.v1

Abnormal Liver Biochemistry Tests and Acute Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: Current Evidence and Potential Pathogenesis

Donovan A. McGrowder, Fabian Miller, Melisa Anderson Cross, Lennox Anderson-Jackson, Sophia Bryan, Lowell Dilworth

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Liver; biochemistry tests; function; COVID-19; injury; SARS-CoV-2; infection; severity; mortality

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:14:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0545.v1

On-Campus Study: An Experienced Overview and Preference of Undergraduate Students in the UAE

M. Nawaz Brohi, Iftikhar Khan, Arooj Baig, Abdul Basit Khan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Covid-19; online teaching and learning; face to face study; learning management system

Online: 24 May 2021 (09:01:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0525.v1

Food Enrichment with Glycyrrhiza Glabra Extract Suppresses ACE2 mRNA and Protein Expression in Rats – Possible Implications for COVID-19

Daniela Jezova, Peter Karailiev, Lucia Karailievova, Agnesa Puhova, Harald Murck

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; glycyrrhizin; mineralocorticoid receptor; toll like receptor 4; angiotensin converting enzyme; aldosterone

Online: 21 May 2021 (15:11:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0184.v1

Building Smart and Resilient Urban Futures by Setting a Mission for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era

Christina Kakderi, Eleni Oikonomaki, Ilektra Papadaki

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: urban planning; COVID-19; urban mobility; sustainability; smart cities; smart growth; pandemic; resilience

Online: 10 May 2021 (12:31:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0024.v1

COVID-19 Crisis Management and Cost Estimation Models: Bureaucratic Government Coaction Vs. Spontaneous Social Coordination

Jesús Huerta de Soto, Philipp Bagus, Antonio Sánchez-Bayón

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Decision Making; Cost Estimation; COVID-19 Crisis; Health Economics; Wellbeing Economics; Political Economy

Online: 4 May 2021 (15:27:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0530.v1

ISIDOG Consensus Guidelines on Covid-19 Vaccination for Women before, during and after Pregnancy

Gilbert Gerard Ghislain Donders, Svitrigaile Grinceviciene, Kai Haldre, Risa Lonnee-Hofmann, Francesca Donders, Aristotelis Tsiakalos, Albert Adriaanse, Jose Martinez de Oliveira, Kevin Ault, Werner Mendling

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: vaccine, pregnancy complication, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, maternal complications, pandemic, prevention, safety

Online: 20 April 2021 (11:22:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0398.v1

A Two-Stage Polynomial and Nonlinear Growth Approach for Modeling the COVID-19 Outbreak in Mexico

Rafael Perez Abreu, Samantha Estrada, Héctor de-la-Torre-Gutiérrez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: COVID-19; epidemic modeling; time series forecasting; nonlinear growth models; Prais-Winsten estimation

Online: 15 April 2021 (07:44:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0383.v1

Future of Construction Industry: COVID-19 and Its Implications on Construction Projects and Risk Management – A Review

Kushal Adhikari, Lochana Poudyal

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; construction project; risk management; use of technology; recovery and resilience

Online: 14 April 2021 (14:12:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0369.v1

A Blockchain Use Case in Cold Chain to Minimize the Risk of COVID-19 Infection

Adnan Iftekhar, Xiaohui Cui

Subject: Social Sciences, Safety Research Keywords: Cold supply chain; Meat Supply Chain; Food Safety; COVID-19; Blockchain; Hyperledger Fabric

Online: 14 April 2021 (12:18:24 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A Comparison of the Level of Acceptance and Hesitancy towards the Influenza Vaccine and the Forthcoming COVID-19 Vaccine in the Medical Community

Magdalena Grochowska, Aleksandra Ratajczak, Gabriela Zdunek, Aleksander Adamiec, Paweł Waszkiewicz, Wojciech Feleszko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; vaccine; vaccine hesitancy; Healthcare Workers; Flu vaccine; Influenza; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 12 April 2021 (12:33:15 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0193.v2

SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed Against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise

Ralf Duerr, Keaton M. Crosse, Ana Mayela Valero Jimenez, Meike Dittmann

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; HIV; zoonotic viruses; COVID-19 and AIDS pandemics; viral entry

Online: 8 April 2021 (10:51:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0132.v1

Analyzing the Factors Affecting the COVID-19 Risk Level in the US Counties

Samira Ziyadidegan, Moein Razavi, Homa Pesarakli, Amir Hossein Javid

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: multinomial logistic regression; K-means clustering; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; meteorological variables

Online: 5 April 2021 (12:49:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0008.v1

Micronutrients Deficiency, Supplementation and Novel Coronavirus Infections–A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Min Xian Wang, Sylvia Xiao Wei Gwee, Junxiong Pang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: micronutrients supplementation; micronutrients deficiency; prevention and treatment; novel coronavirus; COVID-19; SARS; MERS

Online: 1 April 2021 (10:21:32 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0225.v2

Are Health Innovations Techno-economic or Social Values in a period of a Health Crisis? A Reflection on the Field of Public Health through the Examples of Ebola and Covid-19

Marietou Niang, Sophie Dupéré, Hassane Alami, Marie-Pierre Gagnon

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: health innovation; technological innovation; social innovation; public health; global health; Ebola; Covid-19

Online: 30 March 2021 (10:29:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0710.v1

Increased Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, sRAGE and iMmune Activation, but Lowered Calcium and Magnesium In COVID-19: Association With Chest CT Abnormalities and Lowered Peripheral Oxygen Saturation

Hussein Al-Hakeim, Hawraa Al-Jassas, Gerwyn Morris, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; sRAGE; ACE2; inflammation; immune; oxidative stress; IL-6; IL-10; biomarkers

Online: 29 March 2021 (17:03:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0396.v1

Machine Learning on the COVID-19 Pandemic, Human Mobility, and Air Quality: A Review

Md Mokhlesur Rahman, Kamal Chandra Paul, Md. Amjad Hossain, G. G. Md. Nawaz Ali, Md. Shahinoor Rahman, Jean-Claude Thill

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Pandemic; Machine Learning; Public Health; Human Mobility; Air Quality; Review

Online: 15 March 2021 (14:50:24 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0192.v1

Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy to Support Breathing in Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case Report

Peter Stiller, Christoph Schmitz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; shortness of breath; chest pain; radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy; rESWT

Online: 5 March 2021 (17:02:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0089.v1

Gender and Socio-Economic Issues in the Clinical Assessment of Orthopaedic Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Lorenzo Moretti, Davide Bizzoca, Elsa Vitale, Michelangelo Delmedico, Antonio Spinarelli, Flavio Azzola, Giuseppe Solarino, Biagio Moretti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Covid-19 perception; general well-being; orthopaedic patients; gender; pandemic; socio-economic issues.

Online: 2 March 2021 (12:34:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0194.v1

From Recession to Depression? Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, Traumatic Stress and Burnout in Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece: A Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional Study

Sofia Pappa, Nikolaos Athanasiou, Nikolaos Sakkas, Stavros Patrinos, Elpitha Sakka, Zafeiria Barmparessou, Stamatoula Tsikrika, Andreas Adraktas, Athanasia Pataka, Ilias Migdalis, Sofia Gida, Paraskevi Katsaounou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: COVID-19; health care workers; Greece; mental health; depression; anxiety; traumatic stress; burnout

Online: 8 February 2021 (11:41:59 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Twitter as a Tool for Citizen Education and Sustainable Cities after COVID-19

David Caldevilla-Domínguez, Almudena Barrientos-Báez, Graciela Padilla-Castillo

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Covid-19; Twitter; sustainable cities; sustainable citizenship; environmental awareness; responsible consumption; sustainable tourism

Online: 5 February 2021 (22:15:27 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

A Critical Review of Disinfection Processes to Control SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in the Food Industry

Adrián Pedreira, Yeşim Taşkın, Míriam R. García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 pandemic; food industry; disinfection trade-offs; one-health

Online: 15 December 2020 (12:58:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0176.v1

Why Appreciation of Pulmonary Vitamin D Metabolism Should Temper Expectations for Vitamin D Supplementation to Reduce Disease Severity and Improve Clinical Outcome of COVID-19

Rob Janssen, Jona Walk, Jody M.W. van den Ouweland

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Vitamin D; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; endothelialithis; CYP27B1; vitamin D receptor; CYP24A1

Online: 7 December 2020 (19:43:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0613.v3

Review of Infective Dose, Routes of Transmission, and Outcome of COVID-19 Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus: Comparison with Other Respiratory Viruses

Sedighe Karimzadeh, Raj Bhopal, Huy Nguyen Tien

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: infective dose; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; respiratory viruses; viral load; viral dynamics

Online: 7 December 2020 (11:36:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0099.v1

The Safety and Security Measures of the Selected Universities in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: Its Combat to COVID–19 Pandemic

Jennilyn C. Mina, Januaryn Jose B. Aydinan, Romeo B. Campos, Shirley P. Aye-eo

Subject: Social Sciences, Safety Research Keywords: COVID–19; combat; Inter–Agency Task Force (IATF); pandemic; safety and security; university

Online: 4 December 2020 (11:09:02 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0097.v1

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-derived exosomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19

Yueyuan Zhou, Yusuke Yamamoto, Zhongdang Xiao, Takahiro Ochiya

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome; mesenchymal stem/stromal cells,; exosome; COVID-19; Clinical trials

Online: 4 December 2020 (10:10:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0065.v1

A Pre-aggregation Fuzzy Collaborative Intelligence-based Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach for Selecting Alternative Suppliers amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Toly Chen, Hsin-Chieh Wu

Subject: Social Sciences, Decision Sciences Keywords: group decision-making; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process; consensus; wafer foundry; COVID-19 pandemic

Online: 2 December 2020 (14:10:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0038.v1

Sociodemographic Predictors of Changes in Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep Among Toddlers and Pre-Schoolers in Chile During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nicolas Aguilar-Farias, Marcelo Toledo-Vargas, Sebastian Miranda-Marquez, Andrea Cortinez-O'Ryan, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Fernando Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Pia Martino-Fuentealba, Anthony D. Okely, Borja del Pozo Cruz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: physical activity; sedentary behaviour; sleep; active play; outdoor time; movement behaviours; COVID-19

Online: 1 December 2020 (16:08:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0021.v1

Predicting Trends of Coronavirus Disease (COVID19) Using SIRD and Gaussian-SIRD Models

Ahmad Sedaghat, Amir Mosavi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Coronavirus disease; COVID-19; outbreak model; Gaussian-SIRD model; SIRD model; epidemiological model

Online: 1 December 2020 (13:11:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0375.v1

COVID-Well: Evaluation of the Implementation of Supported Wellbeing Centres for Hospital Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Holly Blake, Mehmet Yildirim, Ben Wood, Steph Knowles, Helen Mancini, Emma Coyne, Joanne Cooper

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; healthcare workers; psychological wellbeing; mental health; wobble rooms; wellbeing centres

Online: 13 November 2020 (12:35:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0690.v1

Personnel Well-being in the Helsinki University Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Prospective Cohort Study

Henna Haravuori, Kristiina Junttila, Toni Haapa, Katinka Tuisku, Anne Kujala, Tom Rosenström, Jaana Suvisaari, Eero Pukkala, Tanja Laukkala, Pekka Jylha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Finland; health care personnel; psychological distress; post-traumatic stress disorder

Online: 28 September 2020 (15:37:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0486.v1

A Meta-analysis of Comorbidities in COVID-19: Which Diseases increase the Susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 Infection?

Srinivasan Ramachandran, Manoj Kumar Singh, Ahmed Mobeen, Amit Chandra, Sweta Joshi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; comorbidity; SARS-CoV-2; leukemia; NAFLD; psoriasis; cancer; type II diabetes

Online: 21 September 2020 (03:32:58 CEST)

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Background: Comorbidities have been frequently reported in COVID-19 patients, which often lead to more severe outcomes. The underlying molecular mechanisms behind these clinical observations have not yet been explained. Herein, we investigated the disease-specific gene expression signatures that may induce susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We studied 30 frequently occurring acute, chronic, or infectious diseases of recent times that have shown comorbidity in one or another respiratory disease(s) caused by pathogenic human infecting coronaviruses, especially SARS-CoV-2. We retrieved array-based gene expression data for each disease and control from relevant datasets. Subsequently, all the datasets were quantile normalized, and log-2 transformed data was used for analysis. Results The expression of ACE2 receptor and host proteases, namely FURIN and TMPRSS2 that are essential for cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, was upregulated in all six studied subtypes of leukemia (hereafter, referred as leukemia). The expression of ACE2 was also increased in psoriasis, lung cancer, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), breast cancer, and pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. The expression of FURIN was higher in psoriasis, NAFLD, lung cancer, and in type II diabetic liver, whereas it was lowered in breast cancer. Similarly, the expression of TMPRSS2 was increased during lung cancer and type II diabetes; it was decreased during psoriasis, NAFLD, lung cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer.Furthermore, a heightened expression of genes that are involved in immune response was observed in leukemia patients, as shown by the higher expression of IFNA2, IFNA8, IFNA10, IFNA14, IFNA16, IFNA21, IFNB1, CXCL10, and IL6. The expression of JAK1, STAT1, IL6, and CXCL10 was higher in NAFLD. Besides, JAK1 and STAT1 were upregulated in type II diabetic muscles. In addition, most of the upregulated genes in COVID-19 patients showed a similar trend in leukemia, NAFLD, and psoriasis. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS CoV, were found to commonly alter two genes, namely, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE 11 and CLUSTERIN.Conclusions: The genes that may confer susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection are mostly upregulated in leukemia patients; hence, leukemia patients are relatively more susceptible to develop COVID-19, followed by other chronic disorders, such as, NAFLD, type II diabetes, psoriasis, and hypertension. This study identifies key genes that are altered in the studied diseases types, which may aid in the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and underlie COVID-19 associated comorbidities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0695.v1

Intention of Tourism Practitioners to Behave Actively Prevent COVID-19 in Zhangjiajie

Hongjiu Tang, Zhaoyin Liu

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Tourism livelihood income; prevent COVID-19; protective intention; merged model; local tourism practitioners

Online: 31 August 2020 (04:37:04 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0648.v1

Downward Trend in the Indices of Death Rate in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluating Alternative Hypotheses

Milind Watve, Sonali Shinde, Pratima Ranade

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Covid-19; case fatality rate; infection fatality rate; evolution of virulence; evolutionary medicine

Online: 30 August 2020 (10:26:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0408.v1

Assessment of the Presence of Symptoms, Individual Protection Measures (IPM) and Suspect Screening Measures (SSM) of COVID-19 in Federal Police Officers from a Regional Police Station in Brazil

Jefferson Aparecido Dias, Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas, Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi, Fernanda Mesquita Serva, Piero Biteli, Claudemir Gregório Mendes, Elídia Fabiana de Souza Xavier, Carlos Francisco Bitencourt Jorge, Tereza Lais Menegucci Zutin, Mateus Cezar dos Santos, Daniela Vieira Buchaim, Rogério Leone Buchaim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: covid-19 antibody; coronavirus; immunoglobulin; police officer; quality of life; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 19 August 2020 (09:55:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0312.v1

Virion Structure and Mechanism of Propagation of Coronaviruses including SARS-CoV 2 (COVID -19 ) and some Meaningful Points for Drug or Vaccine Development

Swapan Ghosh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19); + ssRNA; ribosomal – framshift; Pseudoknot; replication; model; drug; vaccine

Online: 14 August 2020 (08:26:31 CEST)

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SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, a new seventh human corona virus, has out-broken in Wuhan, China since 31^st December 2019, and quickly escalated to take the form of pandemic which killed many human beings throughout almost all countries across continents. The rapidity of its transmission from human to human is far greater than all previous human corona viruses which came into existence like SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, etc. The nucleotide sequence of SARS-CoV-2 (isolates Wuhan-Hu-1) is 29,875 bp in ss-RNA. Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia include from asymptomatic to high fever and/or respiratory illnesses. Coronavirus virion (spherical/round /elliptical in shape) consists of three parts- outer membrane or envelope, nucleocapsid and genome (RNA). SARS-CoV-2 was shown to use receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for attachment to the cells through its surface spike (S) protein (S1), and the virion enters into the host cell through two routes- direct membrane fusion and endocytotic pathway. The RNA of SARS-CoV acts directly as mRNA and here minus(-) 1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (-1PRF) is being operated by slippery sequence and pseudoknot, so it translates 16 nonstructural proteins including RNA dependent RNA replicase. Then genomic RNA replicated continuously on – strand RNA template and subgenomic RNA transcribed discontinuously on –RNA template to sgmRNA. Subgenomic RNAs/sgmRNAs synthesize all structural proteins. This article takes into consideration the details of established theories of viral structure, viral attachment, mode of entry into human cells, different models of replication and transcription of virus genome proposed by eminent scientists over the years, and makes an in depth examination highlighting meaningful points or important target cites of viral propagation or synthesis, which are conserved, for prompt development of potent drugs or vaccine to counter COVID-19 for which human race is anxiously and eagerly waiting.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0166.v1

Antibody Response and Therapy in COVID-19 Patients: Significance in Vaccine Development

Ligong Lu, Hui Zhang, Meixiao Zhan, Jun Jiang, Hua Yin, Danielle J. Dauphars, Shi-You Li, Yong Li, You-Wen He

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19, seroconversion, neutralizing antibody, spike protein, SARS-CoV-2, convalescent plasma, vaccine

Online: 6 August 2020 (12:16:11 CEST)

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