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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0533.v1

Improving Deep Echo State Network with Neuronal Similarity-based Iterative Pruning Merging Algorithm

Qingyu Shen, Hanwen Zhang, Yao Mao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Data Structures, Algorithms And Complexity Keywords: reservoir computing; deep echo state network; neuronal similarity-based iterative pruning merging algorithm; chaotic time series forecast

Online: 30 January 2023 (02:34:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0162.v1

MR-Class: A Python Tool for Brain Mr Image Classification Utilizing One-Vs-All DCNNS to Deal With the Open-Set Recognition Problem

Patrick Salome, Francesco Sforazzini, Gianluca Grugnara, Andreas Kudak, Matthias Dostal, Christel Herold-Mende, Sabine Heiland, Jürgen Debus, Amir Abdollahi, Maximilian Knoll

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Content-based image classification; Data curation and preparation; Convolutional neural networks (CNN); Deep learning; Artificial intelligence (AI)

Online: 9 January 2023 (10:59:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0481.v1

EJS: Multi-Strategy Enhanced Jellyfish Search Algorithm for En-Gineering Applications

Gang Hu, Jiao Wang, Min Li, Abdelazim Hussien, Muhammad Abbas

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Meta-heuristic algorithm; Jellyfish search algorithm; Sine and cosine learning factors; Local escape operator; Opposition-based learning

Online: 26 December 2022 (09:06:46 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0168.v2

Diagnostic Accuracy of Methods for Detection of Antibodies against Type I Interferons in Patients with Endocrine Disorders

Nurana Nuralieva, Marina Yukina, Leila Sozaeva, Maxim Donnikov, Liudmila Kovalenko, Ekaterina Troshina, Elizaveta Orlova, Dmitry Gryadunov, Elena Savvateeva, Ivan Dedov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: autoantibodies; type I interferon; interferon-ω; interferon-α2; multiplex assay; protein microarray; cell-based autoantibody assay; ELISA

Online: 22 November 2022 (02:20:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0011.v1

Reinforcement Learning-based Wi-Fi Contention Window Optimization

Sheila C. da S. Cruz, Messaoud Ahmed Ouameur, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Wi-Fi; contention-based access scheme; channel utilization optimization; machine learning; reinforcement learning; NS-3, NS3-gym

Online: 1 November 2022 (02:39:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0447.v1

Critical Appraisal of Current Acute LBP Management and the Role of a Multimodal Approach

Magdi Hanna, Serge Perrot, Giustino Varrassi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: low-back pain (LBP); guidelines; gaps; evidence-based; acute pain; analgesics; multimodal analgesia; fixed doses combination (FDC)

Online: 26 August 2022 (04:36:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0169.v1

Influence of Powder Characteristics on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of GH4099 Superalloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting

Shixing Wang, Shen Tao, Hui Peng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: Ni-based superalloys; electron beam melting; additive manufacturing; Argon gas atomized; plasma rotation electrode process; powder characteristics

Online: 12 July 2022 (04:10:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0222.v1

Google Earth Geoscience Video Library (GEGVL): Organizing Geoscience Videos in a Google Earth Environment to Support Place-Based Geoscience Education

Ning Wang, Robert J. Stern, Mary L. Urquhart, Katherine M. Seals

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: multimedia; geoscience videos; geoscience education; GEGVL; earth systems science education; educational technology; place-based education; active learning

Online: 17 May 2022 (04:37:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0300.v1

An Agent-Based Model of Heterogeneous Driver Behaviour and Its Impact on Electric Energy Consumption in Urban Space

Sedar Olmez, Jason Thompson, Ellie Marfleet, Keiran Suchak, Alison Heppenstall, Ed Manley, Annabel Whipp, Rajith Vidanaarachchi

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: agent-based model; electric vehicles; traffic simulation; energy intake; urban environment; fuel costs; public policy; electric mobility

Online: 29 April 2022 (11:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0296.v1

Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase, Fragment-based Drug Design, 2D-QSAR, DFT Calculation, Lead Optimization, Induced Fit Docking

Opeyemi Iwaloye, Olusola Elekofehinti, Femi Olawale, Prosper Chukwuemeka, Kikiowo Babatomiwa, Ibukun Folorunso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; fragment-based drug design; 2D-QSAR; DFT calculation; Lead optimization; Induced Fit docking

Online: 20 December 2021 (09:39:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0044.v1

Deep Reinforcement Learning For Trading - A Critical Survey

Adrian Millea

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deep reinforcement learning; model-based RL; hierarchy; trading; cryptocurrency; foreign exchange; stock market; risk; prediction; reward shaping

Online: 2 November 2021 (10:57:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0733.v1

Fluid-Structure Interaction in Coronary Stents: a Discrete Multiphysics Approach

Adamu Musa Mohammed, Mostapha Ariane, Alessio Alexiadis

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Discrete multiphysics; smooth particle hydrodynamics; Lattice Spring Model; Fluid-structure interaction; particle-based method; Coronary stent; Atherosclerosis

Online: 30 June 2021 (11:55:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0691.v1

Uganda Mountain Community Health System Perspectives and Capacities Towards Emerging Infectious Disease Surveillance

Aggrey Siya, Richardson Mafigiri, Richard Migisha, Rebekah C. Kading

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Alerts; Village Health Teams; Community Based Surveillance; Integrated Disease Surveillance and Reporting; Elgon; Climate Change; One Health

Online: 28 May 2021 (10:20:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0006.v2

Plausible Blockers of Spike RBD in SARS-CoV2 – Molecular Design and Underlying Interaction Dynamics from High-Level Structural Descriptors

Sankar Basu, Devlina Chakravarty, Dhananjay Bhattacharyya, Pampa Saha, Hirak K. Patra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; protein design; complementarity; competitive inhibitor; homology-based threading in rational protein design

Online: 4 March 2021 (10:14:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0395.v1

Innovation in NBS Co-Design and Implementation

James M. Strout, Amy M. P. Oen, Bjørn G. Kalsnes, Anders Solheim, Gerd Lupp, Francesco Pugliese, Gerardo Caroppi, Séverine Bernadie

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Innovation; Up-scaling; NBS Nature-based solutions (NBS); Hydrometeorological hazards; PHUSICOS project; Flooding; Landslides; Avalanches; Rockfall; Europe

Online: 16 December 2020 (08:33:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0673.v1

Method for a Multi-vehicle, Simulation-based Life Cycle Assessment and Application to Berlin's Motorized Individual Transport

Anne Magdalene Syré, Florian Heining, Dietmar Göhlich

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: life cycle assessment; agent-based traffic simulation; battery electric vehicles; sustainability; urban transportation; urban mobility; environmental engineering

Online: 28 July 2020 (10:13:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0309.v1

A Novel Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm with Flower Pollination Algorithm for Feature Selection: Case Study Email Spam Detection

Hekmat Mohmmadzadeh, Farhad Soleimanian Gharehchopogh

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: feature selection; hybrid optimization; Whale Optimization Algorithm; Flower Pollination Algorithm; classification; Opposition Based Learning; Email Spam Detection

Online: 26 January 2020 (07:07:23 CET)

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Feature Selection (FS) in data mining is one of the most challenging and most important activities in pattern recognition. The problem of choosing a feature is to find the most important subset of the main attributes in a specific domain, and its main purpose is removing additional or unrelated features, and ultimately improving the accuracy of the classification algorithms. As a result, the problem of FS can be considered as an optimization problem, and use metaheuristic algorithms to solve it. In this paper, a new hybrid model combining whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is presented for the problem of FS based on the concept of Opposition based Learning (OBL) which name is HWOAFPA. In our proposed method, using natural processes of WOA and FPA, we tried to solve the problem of optimization of FS; and on the other hand, we used an OBL method to ensure the convergence rate and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. In fact, in the proposed method, WOA create solutions in their search space using the prey siege and encircling process, bubble invasion and search for prey methods, and try to improve the solutions for the FS problem; along with this algorithm, FPA improves the solution of the FS problem with two global and local search processes in an opposite space with the solutions of the WOA. In fact, we used all of the possible solutions to the FS problem from both the solution search space and the opposite of solution search space. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, experiments were carried out in two steps. In the first stage, the experiments were performed on 10 FS datasets from the UCI data repository. In the second step, we tried to test the performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of spam e-mails detection. The results obtained from the first step showed that the proposed algorithm, performed on 10 UCI datasets, was more successful in terms of the average size of selection and classification accuracy than other basic metaheuristic algorithms. Also, the results from the second step showed that the proposed algorithm which was run on the spam e-mail dataset, performed much more accurately than other similar algorithms in terms of accuracy of detecting spam e-mails.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0048.v2

The Role of Nanofluids and Renewable Energy in the Development of Sustainable Desalination Systems: A Review

Tejvir Singh, Muataz Ali Atieh, Tareq Al-Ansari, Abdul Wahab Mohammad, Gordon McKay

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: thermal desalination; reverse osmosis; advanced heat transfer fluids; sustainable desalination practices; integrated solar thermal nanofluids based desalination

Online: 9 January 2020 (08:39:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0236.v1

The capability Enhancement of DC-link Voltage Using ARPI Controller for Single-Stage Grid-Connected PV System

Ayman Alhejji

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: arpi; p&o-based mppt; variable dc-link; single-stage; three-level three-phase inverter; grid connection

Online: 20 September 2019 (10:35:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0001.v1

Compact and Powerful: A Vacuum Powered Soft Textile-Based Clutch

Ali Sadeghi, Alessio Mondini, Barbara Mazzolai

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: soft clutch; soft robotics; textile based clutch; wearable robotics; soft actuator, exosuit; variable stiffness; stiffness control; textile

Online: 1 April 2019 (08:16:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0026.v1

Influence of Heating and Cooling Rate on Dissolution and Precipitation Behavior of Nickel-based Single Crystal Superalloy

XiaoYan Wang, ZhiXun Wen, Hao Cheng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Nickel-based single crystal alloy; Heat treatment; Heating and cooling rate; Precipitation and dissolution of γ´ phase

Online: 4 March 2019 (09:45:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0069.v2

Proteome Map of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Embryos Containing Different Amounts of Residual Chlorophylls

Tatiana Mamontova, Elena Lukasheva, Gregory Mavropolo-Stolyarenko, Carsten Proksch, Tatiana Bilova, Ahyoung Kim, Vladimir Babakov, Tatiana Grishina, Wolfgang Hoehenwarter, Sergei Medvedev, Galina Smolikova, Andrej Frolov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: chlorophylls; LC-MS-based proteomics; pea (Pisum sativum L.); proteome functional annotation; proteome map; seeds; seed proteomics

Online: 13 December 2018 (14:09:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0294.v1

Applying Case-Based Reasoning to Tactical Cognitive Sensor Networks for Dynamic Frequency Allocation

Jae Hoon Park, Won Cheol Lee, Joo Pyoung Choi, Jeung Won Choi, Soo Bin Um

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: tactical cognitive radio sensor network; case-based reasoning; cognitive radio engine; channel occupancy probability; military tactical communications

Online: 15 October 2018 (09:42:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0225.v1

General and Prospective Views on Oxidation Reactions in Heterogeneous Catalysis

Sabine Valange, Jacques Védrine

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Chemical Engineering Keywords: heterogeneous catalytic oxidation, gas-solid, liquid-solid, partial and total oxidation, biomass based raw materials, activation methods

Online: 13 September 2018 (02:17:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0257.v1

An Improved Method for Impervious Surface Mapping Incorporating Lidar Data and High-Resolution Imagery at Different Acquisition Times

Hui Luo, Le Wang, Chen Wu, Lei Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: impervious surface mapping; multi-temporal data; change detection; high-resolution imagery; LiDAR; object-based post-classification fusion

Online: 15 June 2018 (14:32:50 CEST)

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Impervious surface mapping with high-resolution remote sensing imagery has attracted increasing interest as it can provide detailed information for urban structure and distribution. Previous studies have suggested that the combination of LiDAR data and high-resolution imagery for impervious surface mapping performs better than using only high-resolution imagery. However, due to the high cost of the acquisition of LiDAR data, it is difficult to obtain the multi-sensor remote sensing data acquired at the same acquisition time for impervious surface mapping. Consequently, real landscape changes between multi-sensor remote sensing data at different acquisition times would lead to the error of misclassification in impervious surface mapping. This issue has mostly been neglected in previous works. Furthermore, the observation differences generated from multi-sensor data, including the problems of misregistration, missing data in LiDAR data, and shadow in high-resolution images would also challenge the final mapping result in the fusion of LiDAR data and high-resolution images. In order to conquer these problems, we propose an improved impervious surface mapping method incorporating both LiDAR data and high-resolution imagery at different acquisition times in consideration of real landscape changes and observation differences. In the proposed method, a multi-sensor change detection by supervised multivariate alteration detection is employed to obtain changed areas and misregistration areas. The no-data areas in the LiDAR data and the shadow areas in the high-resolution imagery are extracted by independent classification yielded by its corresponding single sensor data. Finally, an object-based post-classification fusion is proposed to take advantage of independent classification results with single-sensor data and the joint classification result with stacked multi-sensor data. Experiments covering the study site in Buffalo, NY, USA demonstrate that our method can accurately detect landscape changes and obviously improve the performance of impervious surface mapping.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0079.v1

BlendCAC: A Smart Contract Enabled Decentralized Capability-Based Access Control Mechanism for IoT

Ronghua Xu, Yu Chen, Erik Blasch, Genshe Chen

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: decentralized access control; Internet of Things (IoT); blockchain protocol; smart contract; federated delegation; capability-based access control

Online: 3 May 2018 (13:06:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0178.v1

Factors Associated to Anti-HPV Vaccine Refusal among Young Adult Women after Ten Year of Vaccine Implementation

Vincenzo Restivo, Claudio Costantino, Tiziana Francesca Fazio, Nicolò Casuccio, Claudio D'Angelo, Francesco Vitale, Alessandra Casuccio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Human Papillomavirus; vaccine refusal; hesitancy; women; school based; Health Belief Model; gynaecologist; general practitioner; survey; catch up

Online: 27 February 2018 (09:02:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0172.v1

Augmented Smart Cities Integrating Sensor Web and Spatial Data Infrastructure (SmaCiSENS)

Devanjan Bhattacharya, Marco Painho

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: spatial data infrastructure; sensor web; geographical information system; smart cities; knowledge based system; expert system; spatial technologies

Online: 27 November 2017 (07:49:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0060.v1

Bandwidth Estimation Tools and Techniques: A Review

Mukta Airon, Neeraj Gupta

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: available bandwidth estimation techniques; active bandwidth estimation techniques; passive bandwidth estimation techniques; model based bandwidth estimation techniques

Online: 10 October 2017 (10:37:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0032.v1

What do Users Really Want? Participatory Development of Decision Support Tools for Environmental Management based on Outcomes.

Richard J. Hewitt, C.J.A. Macleod

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Environmental decision support systems; applications; outcome-based approach; adaptive management; user requirements; environmental management; participatory land planning

Online: 6 October 2017 (08:51:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0089.v1

Robust Control Examples Applied to a Wind Turbine Simulated Model

Silvio Simani, Paolo Castaldi

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Wind turbine simulator; data-driven and model-based approaches; fuzzy identification; on-line estimation; robustness and reliability

Online: 19 September 2017 (15:47:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0037.v1

Lagrangian Meshfree Particle-based Computational Acoustics for Two-dimensional Sound Propagation and Scattering Problems

Yong Ou Zhang, Xu Li, Tao Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: meshfree method; particle-based computational acoustics; smoothed particle hydrodynamics; corrective smoothed particle method; boundary conditions; Lagrangian approach

Online: 10 August 2017 (05:20:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0034.v1

Overview of Modelling and Control Strategies for Wind Turbines and Hydroelectric Systems: Comparisons and Contrasts

Silvio Simani, Stefano Alvisi, Mauro Venturini

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: wind turbines; hydroelectric systems; nonlinear modelling; model--based control; data--driven approach; advanced control; robustness and reliability

Online: 9 August 2017 (04:42:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2012.v1

Semantics Extension of Emo and Its Metonymic Use in Chinese Internet Language

Wei Zhou

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Semantic change; Metonymization; Emo; Chinese Internet language; Corpus-based Analysis; Sina microblog; Aesthetics ;

Online: 25 October 2024 (08:13:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0815.v1

Qualitative Evaluation of a Garden-Based Healing and Learning Program for Youth with Intellectual Disabilities

Dohun Kim, Eunyeong Park, Hojun Yun, Yumi Baek, Hyeyoung Jin, HyeRyeong Cho

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: therapeutic landscape; participatory action research; youth with intellectual disabilities (YwID); garden-based learning; healing gardens; place and health

Online: 10 October 2024 (15:20:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1239.v1

Stakeholders' Perceptions Regarding the Impact of the Working Environment on the Occupational Safety, Health, and Well-Being of Street-Based Sex Workers in Brussels

Sophie Gateault, Carita Håkansson, Anna Oudin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: street-based sex workers; sex workers; sex work; occupational health; occupational safety and health; Belgium; Brussels; decriminalization law

Online: 16 September 2024 (14:12:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0680.v1

Evaluating E6 Oncoprotein and Anti-E6 Antibodies as Saliva-Based Biomarkers for HPV-Associated Oral Cancer: Insights from SPR Immunoassays

Chi-Sheng Cheng, Feng-Di Lung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Oral Cavity Cancer; Human Papillomavirus (HPV); E6 Oncoprotein; Anti-E6 Antibody; Saliva-based Biomarker; Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)

Online: 9 September 2024 (12:06:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1488.v1

Long-Term Durability of Infliximab Maintenance Therapy Incorporating Plant-Based Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Mitsuro Chiba, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Kunio Nakane, Satoko Tsuda, Hisanori Matsuzawa, Kae Sugawara, Yuki Izumiya, Kazuya Kimura, Masafumi Komatsu, Haruhiko Tozawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; infliximab; durability; diet; plant-based diet; maintenance therapy; environmental factor; diet; lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet

Online: 21 August 2024 (08:09:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1330.v1

A Mixed Review of Research on Competencies of Built Environment Professionals in Infrastructure Delivery within Emerging Economies

Ramabodu Stephan Molusiwa

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: built environment competencies; infrastructure delivery; emerging economies; bibliometric analysis; systematic literature review; competency‐based curriculum; construction management skills

Online: 19 August 2024 (14:20:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2396.v1

Exploring the Adoption of Cloud-Based Supply Chain Management Solutions

George Wilson, William Brown, Oliver Johnson

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Cloud-Based SCM; Supply Chain Management; Cost Efficiency; Real-Time Data Access; Data Security; Integration Challenges; Change Management

Online: 31 July 2024 (07:37:12 CEST)

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The adoption of cloud-based supply chain management (SCM) solutions represents a transformative shift in how organizations manage their supply chains, offering significant advantages in terms of cost efficiency, flexibility, real-time data access, and the integration of advanced technologies. This study explores the multifaceted impacts of cloud-based SCM systems, focusing on both their benefits and the challenges encountered during their implementation. Through an in-depth analysis of interview and case study data, the research reveals that cloud-based solutions enable organizations to reduce capital and operational expenditures substantially while providing the scalability necessary to adapt to fluctuating demands. Real-time access to data enhances visibility and decision-making, and the incorporation of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning improves predictive analytics and process optimization. However, the study also identifies several critical challenges associated with the adoption of cloud-based SCM solutions. Key issues include data security concerns, integration difficulties with legacy systems, and the complexities of managing organizational change. Effective implementation requires meticulous planning, comprehensive training, and strategic vendor management to address these challenges successfully. The research highlights the importance of robust security measures, thorough integration strategies, and effective change management practices in overcoming these obstacles. The strategic outcomes of adopting cloud-based SCM solutions include improved operational efficiency, enhanced inventory management, and increased customer satisfaction. Additionally, organizations gain a competitive edge through better supplier coordination and greater responsiveness to market changes. Overall, the study demonstrates that while cloud-based SCM solutions offer substantial benefits, their successful adoption hinges on effectively managing associated challenges and leveraging their transformative potential.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1383.v1

K-means++ for Critical Component Identification: Power Grid Case Study Using Measurement-Based Analysis

Reza SaeedKandezy, John Jiang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Complex systems, Critical components, Dynamic identification, K-means++, Measurement-based, Network equivalence, Power systems, System analysis, System dynamics.

Online: 20 June 2024 (14:45:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0792.v2

Planting Seeds of Change in Foodstyles: Growing Brand Strategies to Foster Plant-Based Alternatives Through Online Platforms

Gino Gabriel Bonetti, Chelsea van Hooven, Maria Giovanna Onorati

Subject: Social Sciences, Media Studies Keywords: plant-based food industry; innovative market entry strategies; growth strategies; brand “ platformization” ; multidimensional approach; caring lifestyles; alternative diets

Online: 27 September 2024 (10:27:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0498.v1

Assessment of the Biodegradability and Compatibility of Finished Leathers: Analysis Using Spectroscopy and Thermal Methods

Alberto Vico López, Marcelo Bertazzo, Maria I. Maestre-Lopez, Francisca Arán-Ais, Elena Orgilés-Calpena, Frutos C. Marhuenda-Egea

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: biodegradation; composting; leather finishing; bio-based materials; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; thermogravimetric analysis; solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance

Online: 7 June 2024 (14:34:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0413.v1

The Impact of Southbound Expansion on Clustered OpenFlow Software Defined Network Controller Synchronisation

E. D. Sarada Indumini Hettiarachchi, Nurul I. Sarkar, Jairo Gutierrez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Software Defined Networking; Southbound Interface; Controller Clustering; East-West
Communication; Leader-Based Models; ODL clustering; ONOS clustering

Online: 7 June 2024 (04:49:27 CEST)

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The clustering methods of Software Defined Networking (SDN) gained popularity due to their ability to offer improved scalability, consistency, dependability, and load balancing within overlay networks and SDN partitions. This paper delved into the effects of increasing the number of OpenFlow-enabled southbound devices on the establishment and coordination of SDN-Controller clusters. Specifically, we examined the volume of east-west cluster packet communication concerning the number of southbound devices within the topology. Many research studies focused on bandwidth and the number of bytes in East-West communication. While bandwidth referred to the maximum rate at which data could be transferred, and the number of bytes reflected the volume of data being transmitted, the number of packet communications directly influenced the efficiency and responsiveness of network operations. Our investigation encompassed the impact of SDN controllerto- controller communication within the cluster concerning the rising number of OpenFlow switches connected to various topologies, including tree (star-bus network), linear, and torus configurations. This study presented data on communication patterns within Open Network Operating Systems (ONOS) and OpenDaylight (ODL) clusters, revealing differing levels of controller communication with southbound network expansions. We evaluated the scalability of ODL and ONOS controllers by scrutinising the effect of increasing the number of southbound devices on control communication volume. Our analysis revealed varied communication patterns within ONOS and ODL clusters, resulting in different volumes of control communication with southbound expansions. The findings indicated that in small to medium-sized SDNs, ODL outperformed ONOS, notably with faster cluster discovery. Conversely, ONOS demonstrated greater efficiency in larger networks owing to its centralised communication architecture. Finally, we provided recommendations for selecting the most suitable controllers based on the size of southbound networks, aiming to provide practical guidelines for optimal network performance.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1693.v1

Promotion Effect of H2S with High Concentrations on Catalytic Dry Reforming of Methane in Sour Natural Gas

Hengchang Ni, Xiaoyu Jia, Li Yu, Yuyang Li, Ping Li

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Sour natural gas; Dry reforming of methane; High H2S concentration; Promotion effect; MgO-based catalyst; S-adsorbed species

Online: 25 April 2024 (16:03:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0964.v1

Evaluation of Problem-Based Learning Experiences Addressed to Health Promotion in the Fourth Grade of Primary School

Beatriz Mederer-Hengstl, Pilar Núñez-Delgado, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Health Education; Healthy Habits; Healthy Diet; Active Learning Strategies; Problem-Based Learning; Instrumental Skills; Attitudinal Competences; Primary School.

Online: 15 April 2024 (11:33:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1632.v1

Examining Sound, Light, and Vibrations as Tools to Manage Microbes and Support Holobionts, Ecosystems, and Technologies

Rodney R Dietert, Janice M Dietert

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: sound; acoustics, cymatics, light, quantum bacterial antennae; microbe-based technologies; energy transitions; Internet of Microbes; holobiont healing; safety

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:16:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0734.v1

Comparative Effectiveness of Supervised and Home-based Rehabilitation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Competitive Athletes

Rehan Iftikhar Bukhari Syed, Laszlo Rudolf Hangody, Gergely Frischmann, Petra Kós, Bence Kopper, Berkes István

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; supervised rehabilitation; Home-based rehabilitation; return to sport; prevention; re-injury

Online: 13 March 2024 (11:36:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2212.v1

Why Do Tree Ensemble Approximators Not Outperform the Recursive-Rule eXtraction Algorithm?

Soma Onishi, Masahiro Nishimura, Ryota Fujimura, Yoichi Hayashi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Interpretable machine learning; Explainable artificial intelligence; Rule extraction; Rule-based models; Decision lists; Decision trees; Tree ensemble approximators

Online: 1 February 2024 (04:26:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0707.v1

Artificial Intelligence Sensing: Effective Flavor Blueprinting of Tea Infusions for a Quality Control Perspective

Andrea Caratti, Angelica Fina, Fulvia Trapani, Carlo Bicchi, Erica Liberto, Chiara Cordero, Federico Magagna

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: flavor blueprint; black tea infusions; sensomics-based-expert-system; industrial quality control; Artificial Intelligence sensing; accurate flavor screening

Online: 9 January 2024 (09:20:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1772.v1

Identification of Putative Causal Relationships Between Blood-Based Biomarkers and Prediabetes-Induced Senescence: A Comprehensive Review

Nonkululeko Avril Mbatha, Aganze Gloire-Aime Mushebenge, Andile Khathi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: prediabetes; senescence; blood-based biomarkers; aging; age-related diseases; inflammation; oxidative stress; vascular dynamics; metabolic disorders; chronic inflammation

Online: 29 November 2023 (04:48:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0532.v1

A Survey on IoT-Edge-Cloud Continuum Systems: Status, Challenges, Use Cases, and Open Issues

Panagiotis Gkonis, Anastasios Giannopoulos, Panagiotis Trakadas, Xavi Masip-Bruin, Francesco D' Andria

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: IoT; cloud-based operating systems; edge computing; machine learning; federated learning; task offloading; security and privacy; blockchain technology

Online: 8 November 2023 (09:49:07 CET)

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The rapid growth in the number of interconnected devices on the Internet (referred to as the Internet of Things – IoT), along with the huge volume of data that are exchanged and processed, has created a new landscape in network design and operation. Due to the limited battery size and computational capabilities of IoT nodes, data processing usually takes place on external devices. Since latency minimization is a key concept in modern era networks, edge servers that are in close proximity to IoT nodes gather and process related data, while in some cases data offloading in the cloud might have to take place. The interconnection of a vast number of heterogeneous IoT devices with the edge servers and the cloud, where IoT, edge and cloud converge to form a computing continuum, is also known as IoT-edge-cloud (IEC) continuum. Several key challenges are associated with this new computing systems architectural approach, including: i) design of connection and programming protocols aimed at properly manipulating a huge number of heterogeneous devices over diverse infrastructures; ii) design of efficient task offloading algorithms aimed at optimizing services execution; iii) support for security and privacy enhancements during data transfer to deal with the existent and even unforeseen attacks and threats landscape; iv) scalability, flexibility and reliability guarantees to face the expected mobility for IoT systems, and; v) design of optimal resource allocation mechanisms to make the most out of the available resources. These challenges become even more significant towards the new era of sixth generation (6G) networks, which will be based on the integration of various cutting edge heterogeneous technologies. Therefore, the goal of this survey paper is to present all recent developments in the field of IEC continuum systems, with respect to the aforementioned deployment challenges. In the same context, potential limitations and future challenges are highlighted as well. Finally, indicative use cases are also presented, from an IEC continuum perspective.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1181.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-Expressing Enterococcus for Oral Vaccination: Immunogenicity and Protection

Alexander Suvorov, Svetlana Loginova, Galina Leontieva, Tatiana Gupalova, Yulia Desheva, Dmitry Korzhevskii, Tatiana Kramkaya, Elena Bormotova, Irina Koroleva, Olga Kopteva, Olga Kirik, Veronika Shchukina, Sergey Savenko, Dmitry Kutaev, Sergey Borisevitch

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: recombinant probiotic -based vaccines; probiotic strain E. faecium L3; mucosal vaccines; SARS-CoV-2 spike protein; vaccine efficacy.

Online: 18 October 2023 (11:29:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0166.v1

Polarimetric SAR Image Classification Based on Double-Channel Convolution Network and Edge-preserving Markov Random Field

Junfei Shi, Mengmeng Nie, Shanshan Ji, Cheng Shi, Hongying Liu, Haiyan Jin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: PolSAR image classification; Wishart-based complex matrix network; multi-feature network; Double-channel convolution network; Edge-preserving MRF

Online: 3 October 2023 (15:23:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1975.v1

Reinforcement Learning and Stochastic Optimization with Deep Learning based Forecasting on Power Grid Scheduling

Cheng Yang, Jihai Zhang, Wei Jiang, Li Wang, Hanwei Zhang, Zhongkai Yi, Fangquan Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: forecasting; reinforcement learning; power grid; planning and scheduling; uncertainty in AI; agent-based systems; deep learning; stochastic optimization

Online: 28 September 2023 (10:14:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1476.v1

Imaging of the Reconstructed Breast

Theodora Kanavou, Dimitrios P. Mastorakos, Panagiotis D. Mastorakos, Eleni C. Faliakou, Alexandra Athanasiou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: breast; autologous reconstruction; implant-based breast reconstruction; MRI of reconstructed breast; complications of reconstruction surgery; breast cancer recurrence

Online: 21 August 2023 (12:35:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1719.v1

Production of Bio-based Polyol from Coconut Fatty Acid Distillate (CFAD) and Crude Glycerol for Rigid Polyurethane Foam Applications

Ma. Louella D. Salcedo, Christine Joy M. Omisol, Anthony O. Maputi, Dave Joseph E. Estrada, Blessy Joy M. Aguinid, Dan Michael A. Asequia, Daisy Jane D. Erjeno, Glenn Apostol, Henry Siy, Roberto M. Malaluan, Arnold C. Alguno, Gerard G. Dumancas, Arnold A. Lubguban

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: coconut fatty acid distillate; rigid polyurethane foam; bio-based polyols; high open-cell content foam; thermal insulating material

Online: 25 June 2023 (05:41:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0509.v1

Sensitivity Enhancement for Separation-Based Analytical Techniques Utilizing Large Volume Injection and Analyte Derivatization for Trace Analysis in Bio-Fluids

Hanan Farouk, Hager Ebrahim, Heba Sonbol, Monika Malak, Maha Kamal, Noha Ibrahim, Ahmed Shawky, Walaa Zarad, Ahmed Emad, Samy Emara

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: separation-based analytical techniques; large volume injection; solid phase enrichment; solid phase analytical derivatization; packed reactor; trace analysis

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:17:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0185.v1

Allogenic Synovia Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treat-Ment of Equine Tendinopathies and Desmopathies – The Proof-of-Concept

Inês Leal Reis, Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Ana Catarina Sousa, Mariana Branquinho, Ana R. Caseiro, Sílvia Santos Pedrosa, Alexandra Rêma, Cláudia Oliveira, Beatriz Porto, Luís Atayde, Irina Amorim, Rui Alvites, Jorge Miquel Silva Santos, Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: allogenic; cell-based therapies; clinical trials; ligament; mesenchymal stem cells; sport horses; syn-ovial mesenchymal stem cell; tendon

Online: 10 March 2023 (02:53:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0011.v1

Nutritional Assessment of the Symptomatic Patient on a Plant-Based Diet: Seven Key Questions

Gregory Adams Plotnikoff, Linda Dobberstein, Susan Raatz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Plant-based diet; Vegan; Vegetarian; vitamin B12; Iron; Essential fatty acids; Calcium; Zinc; vitamin D; essential amino acids

Online: 1 February 2023 (11:01:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0282.v1

A Two-step FE Model Updating Approach for System and Damage Identification of Full-Scale Prestressed Bridge Girders

Niloofar Malekghaini, S. Farid Ghahari, Hamed Ebrahimian, Matthew Bowers, Eric Ahlberg, Ertugrul Taciroglu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Modal-based model updating, Bayesian model updating, System identification, Damage identification, Operational health monitoring, I-girder, Bridge, Aging.

Online: 15 December 2022 (10:10:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0054.v1

Sharding-Based Proof-of-Stake Blockchain Protocols: Key Components & Probabilistic Security Analysis

Abdelatif Hafid, Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid, Dimitrios Makrakis

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: Security analysis; Blockchain; probabilistic analysis; sharding-based Blockchain protocols; malicious nodes; Proof-of-Stake; practical Byzantine fault tolerance.

Online: 5 December 2022 (01:00:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0269.v1

Analytical Derivations of Critical Temperatures in Every Type of Fe-Based Superconductors Based on Two Electrons’ Rotational Model

Shinichi Ishiguri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: Fe-based superconductor; critical temperature; transition temperature; attractive Lorentz force; Tc-dome diagram; structure transition; quantum critical point

Online: 18 July 2022 (11:03:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0277.v1

Exploring Potential Causal Genes for Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Summary Data-Based Mendelian Randomization and FUMA Analysis

Qian Zhang, Kang Zhang, Yining Zhu, Jingyun Yang, Minmin Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: immunoglobulin A nephropathy; expression quantitative trait loci; summary data-based Mendelian randomization; genome-wide association study; functional mapping

Online: 20 May 2022 (12:13:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0520.v3

The Ecology of Plant Interactions: A Giant with Feet of Clay

Ciro Cabal, Fernando Valladares, Ricardo Martinez-Garcia

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: plant-plant interactions; stress gradient hypothesis; functional trait ecology; inter-plant distance; individual-based models; consumer-resource models

Online: 17 February 2022 (19:37:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0219.v2

Data Integration in Logic-based Models of Biological Mechanisms

Benjamin Hall, Anna Niarakis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Logic-based models; Boolean models; executable models; qualitative dynamical modelling; omic data integration; in silico simulations; formal verification

Online: 30 July 2021 (15:05:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0532.v3

Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for 2 Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age 3 and Disease: An MRI Structural Study for the Alzheimer’s Disease 4 Neuroimaging Initiative

Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano Plini, Erik O'Hanlon, Rory Boyle, Francesca Sibilia, Gaia Rikhye, Joanne Kenney, Robert Whelan, Michael Christopher Melnychuk, Ian Hamilton Robertson, Paul Michael Dockree

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Locus Coeruleus; Reserve; Brain Age; Visual Attention; Alzheimer’s Disease; Mild Cognitive Impairment; normal Aging; Neuroimaging; Voxel Based Morphometry

Online: 21 June 2021 (11:41:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0590.v1

Targeted Myocardial Restoration with Injectable Hydrogels - In Search of The Holy Grail in Regenerating Damaged Heart Tissue

Faizus Sazzad, Michał Kuzemczak, Engracia Loh, Wellington Wu, Theo Kofidis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hydrogel; Extracellular matrix hydrogels; Myocardial infarctions; Myocardial infarction therapy; Cardiac stem cell therapy; Tissue engineering; Cell-based therapy.

Online: 22 April 2021 (08:16:51 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0560.v1

Microbiome-Inspired Green Infrastructure (MIGI): A Bioscience Roadmap for Urban Ecosystem Health

Jake Robinson, Harry Watkins, Ioana Man, Craig Liddicoat, Ross Cameron, Brenda Parker, Marcos Cruz, Laura Meagher

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: MIGI; microbiome-inspired green infrastructure; microbiome; urban microbiome; nature-based intervention; biodiversity; greenspace; green infrastructure; multispecies urbanism; EcoHealth

Online: 21 April 2021 (09:01:13 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

On Absorption Modeling and Food Effect Prediction of Rivaroxaban, a BCS II Drug Orally Administered as an Immediate-Release Tablet

Varun Kushwah, Sumit Arora, Miklós Tamás Katona, Dattatray Modhave, Eleonore Fröhlich, Amrit Paudel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: In vitro–In vivo Correlation; Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model; BCS Class II; Rivaroxaban; Xarelto; Food Effect; Population Kinetics

Online: 25 January 2021 (09:41:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0153.v1

Study on the Compressive Behaviour of Sustainable Cement-Based Composites Under 1-Hour Direct Flame Exposure

Ajitanshu Vedrtnam, Chiara Bedon, Gonzalo Barluenga

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Concrete; Cement-Based Composites (CBCs); compressive strength; fire exposure; thermal boundaries; Finite Element (FE) numerical modelling; empirical formulations.

Online: 7 October 2020 (09:27:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0377.v1

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and a Multilayer Perceptron Model Trained with Grey Wolf Optimizer for Predicting Solar Diffuse Fraction

Randall Claywell, Nadai Laszlo, Felde Imre, Amir Mosavi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: machine learning; prediction; adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system; adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system; diffuse fraction; multilayer perceptron

Online: 17 September 2020 (05:46:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0055.v1

Human Attribute Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey

Ehsan Yaghoubi, Farhad Khezeli, Diana Borza, SV Aruna Kumar, João Neves, Hugo Proença

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Human Attribute Recognition; Imbalanced Learning; Pedestrian Recognition; Privacy Concerns; Clothing Attributes; Soft Biometrics; Appearance-Based Learning; Deep Learning

Online: 5 July 2020 (08:21:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0279.v2

On the Directivity of Lamb Waves Generated by Wedge PZT Actuator in Thin CFRP Panel

Sergey Shevtsov, Valery Chebanenko, Maria Shevtsova, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Evgenia Kirillova, Evgeny Rozhkov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: acoustic based SHM; orthotropic polymeric composites; Lamb waves; horizontally polarized SH waves; angle-beam wedge transducer; waves directivity

Online: 10 February 2020 (10:29:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0374.v1

Elucidating Binding Sites and Affinities of ERα Agonist and Antagonist to Human Alpha-Fetoprotein by in silico Modeling and Point Mutagenesis

Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva, Daria S. Ostroverkhova, Nikolai N. Kuzmich, Vladimir V. Kadochnikov, Alexander A. Terentiev, Yuri B. Porozov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: alpha-fetoprotein; estrogens; selective estrogen receptor modulators; homology-based modeling; molecular docking; protein-ligand interaction; amino acid substitutions

Online: 29 December 2019 (08:08:23 CET)

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Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a major embryo- and tumor-associated protein capable of binding and transporting variety of hydrophobic ligands including estrogens. AFP has been shown to inhibit estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumor growth and this can be attributed to its estrogen-binding ability. Despite AFP has long been investigated, its three-dimensional (3D) structure has not been experimentally resolved and molecular mechanisms underlying AFP-ligand interaction remain obscure. In our study we constructed homology-based 3D model of human AFP (HAFP) with the purpose to perform docking of ERα ligands, three agonists (17β-estradiol, estrone and diethylstilbestrol) and three antagonists (tamoxifen, afimoxifene and endoxifen) into the obtained structure. Based on ligand docked scoring function, we identified three putative estrogen- and antiestrogen-binding sites with different ligand binding affinities. Two high-affinity sites were located in (i) a tunnel formed within HAFP subdomains IB and IIA and (ii) opposite side of the molecule in a groove originating from cavity formed between domains I and III, while (iii) the third low-affinity site was found at the bottom of the cavity. 100 ns MD simulation allowed studying their geometries and showed that HAFP-estrogen interactions occur due to van der Waals forces, while both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were almost equally involved in HAFP-antiestrogen binding. MM/GBSA rescoring method estimated binding free energies (ΔG_bind) and showed that antiestrogens have higher affinities to HAFP as compared to estrogens. We performed in silico point substitutions of amino acid residues to confirm their roles in HAFP-ligand interactions and showed that Thr132, Leu138, His170, Phe172, Ser217, Gln221, His266, His316, Lys453, and Asp478 residues along two disulfide bonds, Cys224-Cys270 and Cys269-Cys277 have key roles in both HAFP-estrogen and HAFP-antiestrogen binding. Data obtained in our study contribute to understanding mechanisms underlying protein-ligand interactions and anti-cancer therapy strategies based on ER-binding ligands.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0385.v1

Characterization of Photophysical Properties of D−π−A−π−D Type Diketopyrrolopyrrole Based Molecules for Organic Light-Emitting diodes and Organic Solar Cells

Ruifa Jin, Xiaofei Zhang, Wenmin Xiao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based molecules; photophysical properties; Charge transporting property; organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs); organic solar cells (OSCs).

Online: 31 May 2019 (11:05:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0267.v1

Data–Driven Control Techniques for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems: Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plants

Silvio Simani, Stefano Alvisi, Mauro Venturini

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: wind turbine system; hydroelectric plant simulator; model--based control; data–driven approach; self–tuning control; robustness and reliability

Online: 26 January 2019 (10:08:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0326.v2

Cell-Based Fish: A Novel Approach to Seafood Production and an Opportunity for Cellular Agriculture

Natalie Rubio, Isha Datar, David Stachura, Kate Krueger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cellular agriculture; cell-based seafood; fish tissue culture; bioreactor; serum-free media; ocean conservation; marine cell culture; aquaculture

Online: 25 January 2019 (11:36:58 CET)

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Cellular agriculture is defined as the production of agricultural products from cell cultures rather than from whole plants or animals. With growing interest in cellular agriculture as a means to address the public health, environmental, and animal welfare challenges of animal agriculture, the concept of producing seafood from fish cell- and tissue-cultures is emerging as a means to address similar challenges with industrial aquaculture systems and marine capture. Cell-based seafood - as opposed to animal-based seafood - can combine developments in biomedical engineering with modern aquaculture techniques. Biomedical engineering developments such as closed-system bioreactor production of land animal cells create a basis for large scale production of marine animal cells. Aquaculture techniques such as genetic modification and closed system aquaculture have achieved marked gains in production that can pave the way for innovations in cell-based seafood production. Here, we present the current state of innovation relevant to the development of cell-based seafood across multiple species as well as specific opportunities and challenges that exist for advancing this science. The authors find that the physiological properties of fish cell- and tissue- culture may be uniquely suited to cultivation in vitro. These physiological properties, including hypoxia tolerance, high buffering capacity, and low-temperature growth conditions, make marine cell culture an attractive opportunity for scale production of cell-based seafood; perhaps even more so than mammalian and avian cell cultures for cell-based meats. This, coupled with the unique capabilities of crustacean tissue-friendly scaffolding such as chitosan, a common seafood waste product and mushroom derivative, presents great promise for cell-based seafood production via bioreactor cultivation. To become fully realized, cell-based seafood research will require more understanding of fish muscle culture and cultivation; more investigation into serum-free media formulations optimized for fish cell culture; and bioreactor designs tuned to the needs of fish cells for large scale production.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0222.v1

From LiDAR waveforms to Hyper Point Clouds: a novel data product to characterize vegetation structure

Tan Zhou, Sorin Popescu, Lonesome Malambo, Kaiguang Zhao, Keith Krause

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: hyper point cloud (HPC); HPC-based intensity surface; percentile height; gridding; full waveform LiDAR; tree segmentation; vegetation structure

Online: 8 November 2018 (14:56:35 CET)

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Full waveform (FW) LiDAR holds great potential for retrieving vegetation structure parameters at a high level of detail, but this prospect is constrained by practical factors such as lack of available handy processing tools and technical intricacy of waveform processing. This study introduces a new product, named the Hyper Point Cloud (HPC) derived from FW LiDAR data, and explore its potential applications such as tree crown delineation using the HPC-based intensity and percentile height (PH) surfaces, which show a promising solution to the constraints of using FW LiDAR data. Results of the HPC present a new direction to handle FW LiDAR data and offer prospects for studying the mid-story and understory of vegetation with high point density (~ 182 points/m2). The intensity-derived digital surface model (DSM) generated from the HPC shows that the ground region has larger maximum intensity (MAXI) and mean intensity (MI) than the vegetation region while having smaller total intensity (TI) and number of intensities (NI) at the given grid cell. Our analysis of intensity distribution contours at individual tree level exhibit similar patterns, indicating that the MAXI and MI are decreasing from the tree crown center to tree boundary while a rising trend is observed for TI and NI. These intensity variable contours provide a theoretical justification for using HPC-based intensity surfaces to segment tree crowns and exploit their potential for extracting tree attributes. The HPC-based intensity surfaces and the HPC-based PH Canopy Height Models (CHM) demonstrate promising tree segmentation results comparable to the LiDAR derived CHM for estimating tree attributes such as tree locations, crown widths and tree heights. We envision that products such as the HPC and the HPC-based intensity and height surfaces introduced in this study can open new perspectives to use FW LiDAR data and alleviate the technical barrier of exploring FW LiDAR data for detailed vegetation structure characterization.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0572.v1

Self--Tuning Control Techniques for Wind Turbine and Hydroelectric Plant Systems

Silvio Simani, Stefano Alvisi, Mauro Venturini

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: wind turbine system; hydroelectric plant simulator; model--based control; data--driven approach; self--tuning control; robustness and reliability

Online: 24 October 2018 (11:26:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0612.v1

Daylight Performance of a Translucent Textile Membrane Roof with Thermal Insulation

Daniel Gürlich, Amando Reber, Andreas Biesinger, Ursula Eicker

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: translucent textile membrane roof, climate-based daylight modelling, daylight performance, energy conservation, translucent thermal insulation, multi-layer membrane

Online: 31 July 2018 (08:58:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0575.v1

Solutions to Benjamin-Bona-Mahony Equation in Two Space Dimensions by Various Methods

Alper Korkmaz

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: 2D RLW equation; 2D BBM equation; ansatz; series expansion method based on Sine-Gordon equation; traveling wave solution

Online: 30 July 2018 (10:00:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0017.v1

Filling the Gaps for Community-Based Programs Managing Treatment and Prevention of Child Malnutrition in Non-Emergency Contexts: Results from the Rainbow Project 2015-17 in Zambia

Stefania Moramarco, Giulia Amerio, Jean Kasengele Chipoma, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Leonardo Palombi, Ersilia Buonomo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: childhood malnutrition; community-based management of acute malnutrition–CMAM; moderate acute malnutrition–MAM; supplementary feeding programs–SFP; Zambia

Online: 1 June 2018 (12:04:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1548.v1

The Role of Urban Design in Facilitating a Circular Economy: From Linear to Regenerative Cities

Williams Chibueze Munonye, George Oche Ajonye

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: circular economy; urban design; adaptive reuse; green architecture; nature‐based solutions; regenerative cities; urban planning; resource loops; sustainable development

Online: 19 September 2024 (16:02:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0630.v1

Solutions Based on Nature to Face Water Stress: Lessons from the Present and Past

Daniel O Suman, Maria Manuela Morais, Carlos Hiroo Saito

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: ecosystem restoration; watershed management; nature-based solutions; reforestation; weirs; Tijuca Forest; Rio de Janeiro; Panama Canal; Alentejo Region; Portugal

Online: 9 July 2024 (03:07:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1677.v1

Latest Insights and Progress in the Clinical Management of Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: From Genetic Advancements to Targeted Treatments

Pasquale NISCOLA, Nelida Ines Noguera, Valentina Gianfelici, Laura Cesini, Marco Giovannini, Daniela Piccioni, Gianfranco Catalano, Carla Mazzone, Paolo de Fabritiis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Genomic profiling; Targeted therapies; Hypomethylating agents; Venetoclax-based combinations; Intensive chemotherapy; Transplantation; Clinical trials; Supportive care; Quality of life

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:04:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0538.v1

Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Italy: A Spatiotemporal Model

Matilde Fondriest, Lorenzo Vaccari, Federico Aldrovandi, Laura De Lellis, Filippo Ferretti, Carmine Fiorentino, Erica Mari, Maria Grazia Mascolo, Laura Minelli, Vincenza Perlangeli, Giuseppe Bortone, Paolo Pandolfi, Annamaria Colacci, Andrea Ranzi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Wastewater-based epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; wastewater; biodegradation; sewer network; spatiotemporal model; public health; early-warning system

Online: 8 April 2024 (14:48:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1715.v1

Examining the Impact of Chatbot-Based Language Learning Support, Adaptive Learning Algorithms, and Virtual Reality Language Immersion on EFL Learners’ Language Learning Proficiency and Self-Regulated Learning Skills

Akbar Bahari, Matt Smith, Howard Scott

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: chatbot-based language learning support; adaptive learning algorithms; virtual reality language immersion; language learning proficiency; self-regulated learning skills

Online: 28 March 2024 (11:34:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1339.v1

Continuous Supercritical Water Impregnation Method to Prepare Metal Oxide on Activated Carbon Composite Materials

Florentina Maxim, Elena-Ecaterina Toma, Giuseppe-Stefan Stoian, Cristian Contescu, Irina Atkinson, Christian Ludwig, Speranta Tanasescu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: supercritical water impregnation; continuous flow tubular reactor; supercritical hydrothermal synthesis; metal oxides catalysts; metal oxides sorbents; carbon-based materials

Online: 17 January 2024 (14:51:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0457.v1

Induction Motor Improved Vector Control Using Predictive and Model Free Algorithms Together with Homotopy-based Feedback Linearization

Madalin Costin, Corneliu Lazar

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: induction machine; vector control; homotopy-based feedback linearization; cascade control structure; predictive current control; box constraints; model free control.

Online: 5 January 2024 (04:45:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1996.v1

Hydrogel Microparticles for Bone Regeneration

Cemile Bektas, Yong Mao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Hydrogel Microparticles; Microgels; Bone Tissue Engineering; Bone Regeneration; Cell Delivery; Bioactive Factor Delivery; HMP-based scaffolds; HMP incorporated scaffolds

Online: 30 November 2023 (14:15:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1614.v1

Biologicalization of Smart Manufacturing using DNA-Based Computing

Sharifu Ura, Lubna Zaman

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: central dogma of molecular biology; DNA-based computing; smart manufacturing, biologicalization of manufacturing; image processing; pattern recognition; sensor signals

Online: 25 October 2023 (11:46:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1927.v1

A Novel Approach for Integrating Community Knowledge into Fuzzy Logic-Adapted Spatial Modelling in the Analysis of Natural Resource Conflicts

Lawrence Ibeh, Kyriakos Kouveliotis, Wolfram Mauser, Deepak Rajendra Unune, Nguyen Manh Cuong, Noah Mutai, Anastasios Fountis, Anna Dr. Rostomyan, Svitlana Samoylenko, Olufunke Mercy Popoola

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: artificial intelligence; community; fuzzy logic; natural resource conflict management; transdisciplinary-based coupled approach; remote sensing; sustainable development; sustainable peace

Online: 28 September 2023 (08:38:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0500.v1

Symptoms and Management of Cow’s Milk Allergy: Perception and Evidence

Emma Robert, Hani Al-Hashmi, Ali I Al-Mehaidib, Muath Al-Turaiki, Wajeed Aldekhail, Waleed Al-Herz, A Alkhabaz, Khalid O Bawakid, Ahmed Elghoudi, Mostafa El-Hodhod, Ahmad Ali Hussain, Nagla M Kamal, T Loie Goronfalah, Basil Nasrallah, Kalpani Segupta, Ilse Broekaert, Magnus Domellof, Flavia Indrio, Alexandre Lapillonne, Corina Pienar, Carmen Ribes_Koninckx, Ranaan Shamir, Hania Szajewska, Nikhil Thapar, Rut Anne Thomassen, Elvira Verduci, Cristina E West, Yvan Vandenplas

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Cow's milk allergy; Infants; Extensively hydrolysed formula; Amino acid-based formula; Soy formula; Rice hydrolysed formula; Probiotic; Prebiotic; Synbiotic

Online: 7 September 2023 (13:25:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1055.v1

Insight into the Experiences of Caregivers of Older Adults in Long-Term Care Homes: A Photovoice Study

Sheila A. Boamah, Marie-Lee Yous, Harrison Gao, Rachel Weldrick, Vanina Dal Bello-Haas, Pamela Durepos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: caregivers; mental health; older adults; long-term care; photovoice; art-based research; focus group; meaningful engagement; quality of life.

Online: 14 August 2023 (14:02:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0664.v1

A Magnetic Ni-based Metal-Organic Framework with Interesting Transformation Dynamics

Oier Pajuelo-Corral, Iñigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal, Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez, José M. Seco, Javier Cepeda

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: Ni(II)-based SIM; slow magnetic relaxation; metal-organic framework (MOF); Solvent-triggered reversible transformations; Colorimetric sensing; CASSCF/NEVPT2

Online: 8 August 2023 (11:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1115.v1

An InSAR-Based Method for Predicting Long-Term Land Subsidence in Goafs through the Concatenation of Multiple Short-Term Monitoring Data

Jinyang Li, Mingdong Zang, Nengxiong Xu, Gang Mei, Sen Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: InSAR-based method; coal mine goaf; prediction of long-term land subsidence; concatenation of multiple short-term monitoring data

Online: 18 July 2023 (02:35:57 CEST)

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The land subsidence occurring in goafs after coal mining is a protracted process. The accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence in goafs relies heavily on the availability of long-term monitoring data. However, the scarcity of continuous long-term land subsidence monitoring data subsequent to the cessation of mining significantly hinders the accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence in goafs. To address this challenge, this study proposes an innovative method based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) for predicting long-term land subsidence of goafs following coal mining. The proposed method employs a concatenation approach that integrates multiple short-term monitoring data from different coal faces, each with distinct cessation times, into a cohesive and uniform long-term sequence by normalizing the subsidence rates. The method was verified using actual monitoring data from the Yangquan No.2 mine in Shanxi Province, China. Initially, coal faces with same shapes but varying cessation times were selected for analysis. Using InSAR monitoring data collected between June and December of 2016, the average subsidence rate corresponding to the duration after coal mining cessation of each coal face was back-calculated. Subsequently, a function relating subsidence rate to the duration after coal mining cessation was fitted to the data. Finally, the relationship between cumulative subsidence and the duration after coal mining cessation was derived by integrating the function. The results indicated that the relationship between subsidence rate and duration after coal mining cessation followed an exponential function for a given coal face, whereas the relationship between cumulative subsidence and duration after coal mining cessation conformed to the Knothe time function. Notably, after the cessation of coal mining, significant land subsidence persisted in the goaf of the Yangquan No.2 mine for a duration ranging from 5 to 10 years. The cumulative subsidence curve along the long axis of the coal face ultimately exhibited an inclined W-shape. The proposed method enables the quantitative prediction of residual land subsidence in goafs, even in cases where continuous long-term monitoring data are insufficient, thus providing valuable guidance for construction decisions above the goaf.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1013.v1

Solid-Phase Optical Sensing Techniques for Sensitive Virus Detection

Elif Seymour, Fulya Ekiz Kanik, Sinem Diken Gur, MONIREH Bakhshpour-Yucel, Ali Araz, Nese Lortlar Unlu, M. Selim Ünlü

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Solid-phase optical biosensors; virus diagnostics; fluorescence-based sensors; surface plasmon resonance; optical resonators; interferometric biosensors; single virus detection

Online: 27 April 2023 (03:25:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0017.v1

Digital Mental Health Service Engagement Changes during Covid-19 in Children and Young People across the UK: Presenting Concerns, Service Activity, and Access by Gender, Ethnicity, and Deprivation

Duleeka Knipe, Santiago De Ossorno Garcia, Louisa Salhi, Lily Mainstone-Cotton, Aaron Sefi, Ann John

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Digital Mental Health; deprivation; service activity; Mental health concerns; ethnicity; time-series analysis; Covid-19; Text-based online therapy

Online: 2 February 2023 (01:30:05 CET)

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The adoption of digital health technologies accelerated during Covid-19, with concerns over the equity of access due to digital exclusion. Using data from a text-based online mental health service for children and young people we explore the impact of the pandemic on service access and presenting concerns and whether differences were observed by sociodemographic characteristics in terms of access (gender, ethnicity and deprivation). We used interrupted time-series models to assess whether there was a change in the level and rate of service use during the Covid-19 pandemic (April 2020-April 2021) compared to pre-pandemic trends (June 2019-March 2020). Routinely collected data from 61221 service users were extracted for observation, those represented half of the service population as only those with consent to share their data were used. The majority of users identified as female (74%) and White (80%), with an age range between 13 and 20 years of age,. There was evidence of a sudden increase (13%) in service access at the start of the pandemic (RR 1.13 95% CI 1.02, 1.25), followed by a reduced rate (from 25% to 21%) of engagement during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic trends (RR 0.97 95% CI 0.95,0.98). There was a sudden increase in almost all presenting issues apart from physical complaints. There was evidence of a step increase in the number of contacts for Black/African/Caribbean/Black British (38% increase; 95% CI: 1%-90%) and White ethnic groups (14% increase; 95% CI: 2%-27%) ), the sudden increase in service use at the start of the pandemic for the most (58% increase; 95% CI: 1%-247%) and least (47% increase; 95% CI: 6%-204%) deprived areas. During the pandemic, contact rates decreased, and referral sources change at the start. Findings on access and service activity align with other studies observing reduced service utilisation. The lack of differences in deprivation levels and ethnicity at lockdown suggests exploring equity of access to the anonymous service. The study provides unique insights into changes in digital mental health use during Covid-19 in the UK.

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