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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1376.v1

Development of a Self-Regulating Solar Shading Actuator Based on the Thermal Shape Memory Effect

Mario Stelzmann, Felix Zakner, Iñaki Navarro de Sosa, Amir Nemati, Alexander Kahnt, Burkhard Maaß, Welf Guntram Drossel

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Solar Shading Actuator; Shape Memory Alloy; Adaptive Building Technologies; Energy-efficient Building Systems; Climate-responsive Facades

Online: 18 January 2024 (11:51:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0321.v1

Feasibility Design of an Optimized Desalinator Assisted Only by Solar Energy. Case: Saudi Arabia

Jesús Biain

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Economic; MSF process; Optimization formulation; Parabolic trough collector; Solar desalination.

Online: 20 September 2021 (10:26:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0148.v1

Life Cycle Assessments in Renewable Energy: Solar and Wind Perspectives

Francisco Portillo, Alfredo Alcayde, Rosa Maria Garcia, Manuel Fernandez-Ros, Jose Antonio Gazquez, Nuria Novas.

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment; renewable energy; solar energy; wind energy; environmental impact; material assessment

Online: 3 May 2024 (11:22:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0154.v1

Solar Energy: Revolutionizing Shipping Industry Towards Sustainability and Environmental Stewardship

Olga Petrychenko, Maksym Levinskyi, Sergey Goolak, Vaidas Lukoševičius

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: solar energy; sustainable energy; green energy; on-renewable energy sources; environmentally friendly future

Online: 2 February 2024 (10:27:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0221.v1

Thermal Performance of Single-Storey Air-welled Terraced House in Malaysia: A Field Measurement Approach

Pau Chung Leng, Mohd Hamdan Ahmad, Dilshan Remaz Ossen, Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling, Eeydzah Aminudin, Weng Howe Chan

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: air shaft; air well; solar chimney; field measurement; natural ventilation; tropical climate; terrace house; passive cooling design

Online: 10 September 2020 (04:46:23 CEST)

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The provision requirement of 10% openings of the total floor area stated in the Uniform Building by Law 1984 Malaysia has been practiced by designers for building plan submission approval. However, the effectiveness of thermal performance in landed residential buildings, despite the imposition by the by-law, has never been empirically measured and proven. Although terraced houses in Malaysia have dominated 40.9% of the total property transaction in 2019, such mass production with typical designs hardly provides its occupants with thermal comfort due to the static outdoor air condition and lack of external windows, where the conventional ventilation technique does not work well, even for houses with an air well system. Consequently, the occupants need to rely on mechanical cooling, which is a high energy-consuming component contributing to outdoor heat dissipation and therefore urban heat island effect. Thus, encouraging more effective natural ventilation to eliminate excessive heat from the indoor environment is critical. Since most of the research focuses on simulation modelling lacking sufficient empirical validation, this paper drawing on field measurement investigates natural ventilation performance in terraced housing with an air well system. More importantly, the key concern as to what extent the current air well system serving as a ventilator is effective to provide better thermal performance in the single storey terraced house is to be addressed. By adopting an existing single storey air welled terrace house, the existing indoor environmental conditions and thermal performance were monitored and measured using scientific equipment, namely HOBO U12 air temperature and air humidity, the HOBO U12 anemometer and the Delta Ohm HD32.3 Wet Bulb Globe Temperature meter for a six-month duration. The findings show that the air temperature of the air well ranged from 27.48°C to 30.92°C, while the mean relative humidity were from 72.67% to 79.25%. The mean air temperature for a test room (single sided ventilation room) ranged from 28.04°C to 30.92°C with a relative humidity of 70.16% to 76%. These empirical findings are of importance, offering novel policy insights and suggestions to potentially revising the existing building code standard and by laws; since the minimum provision of 10% openings has been revealed to be less effective to provide a desired thermal performance and comfort, mandatory compliance with, and the necessity for, the bylaw requirement should be revisited and further studied.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0227.v1

Issues, Challenges, and Future Perspectives of Perovskites for Energy Conversion Applications

Ramchandra Balaji Pode, Aarti Muley, Baye Boucar Diouf

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Perovskite materials; Solar cells; Energy conversion efficiency; Issue and challenges in commer-cialization

Online: 5 June 2023 (03:11:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1370.v1

Rectangular Spiral Inward-Outward Alternating- Flow Polymer Thermal Collector for Solar Water Heating System—A Preliminary Investigation under Seri Iskandar, Malaysia Climate

Taib Iskandar Mohamad, Mohammad Danish Shareeman Mohd Syaifudeen, Abu Bakar Nasir

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Solar water heater; polymer thermal absorber; photothermal conversion; residence time; active system

Online: 21 May 2024 (12:43:16 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1971.v1

Solar Energy Data Analysis & Predictive Modeling: A Case Study on Open Data of Saudi Arabian Solar Energy

Mohommad Ali Bandusab Kadampur

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Solar Energy; Predictive Modeling; Meteorological Variables; Machine Learning; RandomForestRegressor and XGBoosting; Power BI; Global Horizontal Irradiance; Saudi Arabia

Online: 25 July 2024 (10:19:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0410.v1

Semi-Transparent Energy-Harvesting Solar Concentrator Windows Employing Infrared Transmission-Enhanced glass and Large-Area Microstructured Diffractive Elements

Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh, Mohsin Ali Badshah, Seok-Min Kim, Mohammad Nur-E Alam

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: solar windows; advanced glazings; diffractive elements; light trapping; photovoltaics

Online: 23 July 2018 (10:18:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.2071.v1

Towards Optimal Solar Energy Integration: A Deep Dive into AI-Enhanced Solar Irradiance Forecasting Models

Muhammad Farhan Hanif, Sabir Naveed, Jicang Si, Xiangtao Liu, Jianchun Mi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: artificial neural network (ANN); Support Vector Machine (SVM); Support Vector Regression (SVR); Lightweight Gradient Boosting Machines (Light GBM); Machine Learning; Solar Irradiance (SI); solar forecasting

Online: 31 October 2023 (12:30:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2149.v1

Improved Thermal Stability under High Power Conversion Efficiency Condition in Inverted Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Three Different Electron Transport Layers

Mohamed El Amine Boudia, Qiuwang Wang, Cunlu Zhao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: Organic solar cells; Ternary structures; Operating temperature; Electron transport layer; Power conversion efficiency

Online: 26 July 2024 (12:43:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0002.v1

15-Year Analysis of Direct Effects of Total and Dust Aerosols in Solar Radiation/Energy Over the Mediterranean Basin

Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Ilias Fountoulakis, Antonis Gkikas, Panagiotis G. Kosmopoulos, Panagiotis T. Nastos, Maria Hatzaki, Stelios Kazadzis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: aerosols; dust; direct radiative effects; solar energy; Mediterranean basin

Online: 1 February 2022 (10:58:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0151.v2

The Application of Photovoltaic Systems in Sacred Buildings for the Purpose of Electric Power Production: The Case Study of the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel in Belgrade

Budimir Sudimac, Aleksandra Ugrinović, Mišo Jurčević

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar energy; phototovoltaic systems; heritage structures; sacred architecture; the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel, Belgrade

Online: 16 January 2020 (10:59:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0161.v1

The Application of Photovoltaic Systems in Sacred Buildings for the Purpose of Electric Power Production: The Case Study of the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel in Belgrade

Budimir Sudimac, Aleksandra Ugrinović, Mišo Jurčević

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar energy; photovoltaic systems; heritage structures; sacred architecture; the Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel; Belgrade

Online: 16 January 2020 (08:56:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0393.v1

Towards Self-Powered WSN: The Design of Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Sensor Transmission Unit Based on Indoor Solar Energy Harvester

Fathi Mahdi Elsiddig Haroun, Siti Noratiqah Mohamad Deros, Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani, Norashidah Md Din

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Energy harvester; LoRa; solar power; ultra-low power; WSN

Online: 26 January 2022 (12:04:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0132.v1

Composites of Betalain Dye and Wide-Energy Gap Polymers for Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

Peshawa O. Amin, Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif, Salah Raza Saeed, Kamal Aziz Ketuly

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: semitransparent solar cell; natural dye; wide bandgap polymers; BHJ structure; ternary composite

Online: 2 April 2024 (07:22:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0413.v1

Life Cycle Analysis of a Geothermal Power Plant: Comparison of the Environmental Performance with Other Renewable Energy Systems

Riccardo Basosi, Roberto Bonciani, Dario Frosali, Giampaolo Manfrida, Maria Laura Parisi, Franco Sansone

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: geothermal energy; life cycle analysis; solar photovoltaic energy; wind energy

Online: 28 February 2020 (01:34:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0290.v1

Energy Production from Pv Systems Located in Poland Based on Solar Irradiation Data Obtained from PVGIS

Jurand Bień, Beata Bień

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: energy generation; solar irradiance; Poland; PV system power output; PVGIS dataset

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:25:54 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0415.v1

Standalone Solar-Powered Ultraviolet Mobile Disinfectant: Bringing Solar Energy in the Global Fight against COVID-19

Nassim Ahmed Mahammedi, Adel Mahammedi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar energy; photovoltaics; UVGI; UVC; COVID-19; coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 25 May 2020 (17:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1103.v1

Optimal Design and Operation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Oakland University

Edrees Yahya Alhawsawi, Hanan Habbi, Mansour Hawsawi, Mohamed Zohdy

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: microgrid; combined heat and power; hybrid renewable energy; solar PV; Wind energy; energy storage

Online: 17 July 2023 (11:31:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0122.v1

Initial Field Testing Results from Building-Integrated Solar Energy Harvesting Windows Installation in Perth, Australia

Mikhail Vasiliev, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Kamal Alameh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: renewables; energy saving and generation; built environments; solar windows; advanced glazings; photovoltaics

Online: 11 August 2019 (02:40:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0405.v1

Deployment of Solar Energy at the Expense of Conservation Sensitive Areas Precludes its Classification as an Environmentally Sustainable Activity

Francisco Valera, Luis Bolonio, Abel La Calle, Eulalia Moreno

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: sustainability; solar energy; land-use; Taxonomy regulation; territorial planning; biodiversity

Online: 22 November 2022 (04:05:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0324.v1

Evaluating the Impacts of Ground and Atmospheric Conditions on the Efficiency of Solar Energy System and Its Economic Analysis

Ali Saleh Aziz, Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Lucian Mihet-Popa, Mohd Rafi Adzman, Makbul A. M. Ramli

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Renewable Energy; solar energy; PV panels slope; azimuth; temperature; albedo

Online: 20 June 2018 (14:22:44 CEST)

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The There are many factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Among these factors, temperature and solar radiation are two major parameters that have a large effect on the efficiency of PV systems. The cell temperature of PV panels is related to the ambient temperature while the solar radiation incident on the surface of the PV modules depends on the slope and azimuth of these modules. Furthermore, ground reflectance (albedo) affects the irradiance incident on the PV panel surface, which in turn affects the output of a PV system. Nevertheless, the effects of these factors on the economic performance of the solar PV systems are scarcely reported. This paper presents a complete design of a stand-alone PV/battery system to supply electric power for a mobile base station in Choman, Erbil, Iraq. The effects of different factors on the total electricity produced by PV arrays and its economic performance are simultaneously investigated. HOMER software has been used as a tool for the techno-economic and environmental analysis. As indicated from the simulation results, the PV array capacity and its economic performance are highly affected by the variation of the slope and azimuth. With a base case (albedo of 20% and average annual ambient temperature of 11°C), the best feasible system which is achieved by facing PV due to south with a tilt angle of 40° or 45°, is found to have net present cost (NPC) of 70595 $ and cost of energy (COE) of 0.54 $/kWh. Moreover, the results indicate that increasing the ground reflectance from 10% to 90% results in a 7.2% decrease in the PV array capacity and about 3% decrease in the NPC and COE. On the other hand, increasing the ambient temperature from 0°C to 40°C results in a 19.7% increase in the PV array capacity and an 8.2% increase in the NPC and COE. Furthermore, according to the ambient temperature of Choman, using PV modules with high sensitivity to temperature is found to be an attractive option. Provided simulation performance analysis proves that the studied parameters must be treated well to establish an enabling environment for solar energy development in Iraq.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0451.v1

New Concept Note on Affordable Efficient Energy Utilization with Right Selection of Reliable Solar Converters for Household Loads

Richa Parmar, Dr. Chandan Banerjee, Mr. Ganesh Gowri

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DC-DC Converter, DC-AC Converter, Solar Photovoltaic, Efficiency, Cost Analysis.

Online: 22 February 2021 (09:05:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1778.v1

The Transition to a Renewable Energy Electric Grid in the Caribbean Island Nation of Antigua and Barbuda

Patrick Hoody, Andrew Chiasson, Robert J. Brecha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Renewable Energy; Concentrating Solar Power; Hydrogen Storage; Just Transition; Electric Grid; Caribbean

Online: 26 June 2023 (09:59:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0028.v2

The Outdoor Field Test and Energy Yield Model of the Four-terminal on Si Tandem PV Module

Kenji Araki, Hiroki Tawa, Hiromu Saiki, Yasuyuki Ota, Kensuke Nishioka, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: photovoltaic; solar spectrum; tandem cell; energy yield model; on-Si tandem; terminal

Online: 30 March 2020 (08:23:32 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0297.v1

The Correlation and Causality Research between Baidu Index and Stock price: An Empirical Study in China Solar Energy Industry

Jian Huang, Yingqi Zeng, Siyan Chen, Shuhui Tang, Xueting Gong, Chengyu Li

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Baidu index; media index; Hexun index; solar power industry; close price

Online: 25 December 2018 (08:39:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0158.v1

Solar Ray Tracing Analysis to Determine Energy Availability in a CPC Designed for Use as a Residential Water Heater

Miguel Terrón-Hernández, Manuel I. Peña-Cruz, J. G. Carrillo, Ulises Diego-Ayala, Vicente Flores

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: ray tracing analysis; compound parabolic concentrator; solar water heating; photonics; optics

Online: 24 November 2017 (05:28:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1564.v1

Rethinking Notions of Energy Efficiency in a Global Context

Patrick Moriarty, Damon Honnery

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: buildings energy efficiency; climate change; energy efficiency; feedback effects; passive solar energy; renewable energy; transport energy efficiency; urban heat island

Online: 23 May 2023 (04:32:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0053.v1

Spatial Dependence Modeling of Wind Resource under Uncertainty Using C-Vine Copulas and Its Impact on Solar-Wind Energy Co-Generation

Apurva Narayan, Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam, Sheree A. Pagsuyoin

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: renewable energy; wind and solar power; Kumaraswamy distribution; C-Vine copula

Online: 14 September 2017 (08:41:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0994.v1

Solar Energy Production Forecasting: A Comparative Study of Bi-LSTM, LSTM, XGBoost Models with Activation Function Analysis

Hamed Alizadegan, Arian Radmehr, Hossein Karimi, Mohsen Asghari Ilani

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Time series forecasting; LSTM; Bi-LSTM; Deep learning; ML; XGBoost; Energy; Solar Energy

Online: 15 May 2024 (10:22:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1909.v1

Performance of An Energy Production System Consisting of Solar Collector, Biogas Dry Reforming Reactor and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Akira Nishimura, Ryotaro Sato, Eric Hu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Solar Collector; Weather Data; Japanese Cities; Biogas Dry Reforming; H2 Production; SOFC

Online: 29 January 2024 (02:09:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0345.v1

SENERGY: A Novel Deep Learning-Based Auto-Selective Approach and Tool for Solar Energy Forecasting

Ghadah Alkhayat, Syed Hamid Hasan, Rashid Mehmood

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Deep learning; solar radiation forecasting; model prediction; solar energy; multi climates data; generalizability; sustainability; Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM); Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU); Convolutional Neural Network (CNN); Hybrid CNN-Bidirectional LSTM; LSTM Autoencoder

Online: 18 August 2022 (10:59:18 CEST)

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The sustainability of the planet and its inhabitants is in dire danger and is among the highest priorities on global agendas such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN). Solar energy -- among other clean, renewable, and sustainable energies -- is seen as essential for environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Predicting solar energy accurately is critical to increasing reliability and stability, and reducing the risks and costs of the energy systems and markets. Researchers have come a long way in developing cutting-edge solar energy forecasting methods. However, these methods are far from optimal in terms of their accuracies, generalizability, benchmarking, and other requirements. Particularly, no single method performs well across all climates and weathers due to the large variations in meteorological data. This paper proposes SENERGY (an acronym for Sustainable Energy), a novel deep learning-based auto-selective approach and tool that, instead of generalising a specific model for all climates, predicts the best performing deep learning model for GHI forecasting in terms of forecasting error. The approach is based on carefully devised deep learning methods and feature sets through an extensive analysis of deep learning forecasting and classification methods using ten meteorological datasets from three continents. We analyse the tool in great detail through a range of metrics and methods for performance analysis, visualization, and comparison of solar forecasting methods. SENERGY outperforms existing methods in all performance metrics including Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Forecast Skills (FS), Relative Forecasting Error, and the normalised versions of these metrics. The proposed auto-selective approach can be extended to other research problems such as wind energy forecasting and predict forecasting models based on different criteria (in addition to the minimum forecasting error used in this paper) such as the energy required or speed of model execution, different input features, different optimisations of the same models, or other user preferences.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0070.v2

Models for Calculating Monthly Average Solar Radiation from Air Temperature in Swaziland

Mgidi D. Dlamini, Alakaparampil J. Varkey, Simiso Mkhonta

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: solar energy; solar radiation; climatic data; solar radiation estimation

Online: 6 November 2017 (12:02:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0456.v1

Hybrid Off-Grid Energy Systems Optimal Sizing with Integrated Hydrogen Storage Based on Deterministic Balance Approach

Alaa Selim, Mohemed Elshimy, Ghada Amer, Ilham Ihoume, Hasan Masrur, Josep M. Guerrero

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Energy Systems; Hybrid; off-grid; Solar PV; Wind turbines; Hydrogen system; Sizing optimization; Deterministic approach

Online: 8 May 2023 (05:31:31 CEST)

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Integrating numerous renewable resources has been extensively researched and studied to create a dependable energy system. This study investigated the best techno-economical hybrid energy system configuration while using hydrogen energy to keep the system's energy balanced. Additionally, this study aims to determine the best hybrid system configuration for the location under investigation. A novel technique of DBM (Deterministic Balanced Method) was introduced to determine the total annual energy output for the project's lifetime. This approach is used to contrast the outcomes of other HOMER software tools. Then, using HOMER, it is possible to confirm the sizing optimization results for the suggested method by comparing the power ratings and yearly energy output. A detailed comparison between our proposed method and HOMER Pro has been conducted for validation and verification. Our method has been rigorously tested in various hybrid off-grid energy systems, ensuring its applicability and reliability across different scenarios and configurations. The results of our study indicate a high degree of similarity between the proposed approach and HOMER pro for computing annual energy power for the studied energy systems. Specifically, our analysis revealed that the difference between the approaches was within a range of 5%, indicating a high level of consistency and reliability in our method. These findings suggest that our approach can be confidently applied to determine the appropriate size of hybrid energy systems accurately. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the development of effective sizing methodologies for hybrid energy systems. After considering the amount of solar radiation and wind speed gathered by global weather data platforms like NASA and METEONORM, this paper has also included a real case study of the Cairo International Airport's hybrid renewable energy production systems. To guarantee the viability of this study, the system design was founded on an actual load that was researched and simulated. A cluster of distributed networks was finally proposed to use the excess energy and enable energy conversion processes to be used in industry and transportation applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1513.v1

In-situ Evaluation of Different CAM Plants as Plant Microbial Fuel Cells for Recovery Energy in Atacama Desert

Felipe M. Galleguillos Madrid, Norman Toro, Ingrid Jamett, Gilda Carrasco, Sergio Carvajal, Edward Fuentealba, Sebastián Salazar - Avalos, Douglas Olivares, Carlos Portillo, Alvaro Soliz, Luis Caceres, Mauricio Trigo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: plant microbial fuel cell (PMFC); CAM plant; Atacama Desert; solar energy; environmental engineering; sustainability

Online: 22 August 2023 (07:23:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1007.v1

Development and Evaluation of a Solar Milk Pasteurizer for the Savanna Ecological Zone of West Africa

Iddrisu Ibrahim, Paul Tengey, Joseph Atia Ayariga, Junhuan Xu, Boakai K. Robertson, Olufemi S. Ajayi, James Owusu-Kwarteng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: pasteurization; solar pasteurizer; milk treatment; coliform bacteria; pathogens

Online: 15 May 2024 (08:52:35 CEST)

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Solar pasteurization, as a means of treating milk in remote rural areas without electrical power, is based on using solar energy to thermally inactivate pathogenic microorganisms at temperatures below the boiling point to maintain or improve milk quality. A solar milk pasteurizer of flat‐plate water‐heating glass acting as the solar collector, connected to a stainless-steel cylindrical milk vat, was constructed and evaluated in Navrongo, in the tropical savanna zone of Ghana, West Africa. The novel approach taken in this project is to integrate the solar collection and heat exchanger into a single unit using materials and fabrication techniques readily available in the developing world. The vat comprises a 1.5 mm thick stainless steel cylindrical tank, a 2.2 cm wide hot water jacket, and an outer layer of 5.0 mm thick aluminium foil insulation. Hot water produced by the collector was used for pasteurizing milk. The optimum quantity of milk that this device could pasteurize under the study conditions was 8 L. The device could pasteurize raw milk to a maximum temperature of 74 °C at 14:00 h GMT. The ambient temperature during the pasteurization ranged from 30 °C to 43 °C. The microbial analysis before and after the pasteurization was done, and the result shows that the total bacteria count before pasteurization was 6.6x10⁶ log CFU/mL per unit volume, and the total bacteria count after pasteurization was 1.0x10² log CFU/mL. By acceptable standards, the total bacteria count after pasteurization is within a safe range for consumption, and coliform counts were negative. The solar milk pasteurization system is cost-effective. Hence, it is appropriate for milk producers in arid pastoral areas without electricity to adopt the solar pasteurizer as an alternative to firewood as a fuel source for milk pasteurization. This approach can potentially create a cottage industry that may also play a crucial role as a water treatment technology that will improve the health of rural populations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1971.v1

Harvesting Renewable Energy to Supply Power for Electric Buses

Shwan Hussein Awla, Simon Philbin

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Renewable Energy Technologies; Solar Modules; Wind Turbines; Piezoelectric Materials; Electric Buses; Energy Efficiency; Urban Public Transportation; Techno-Economic Analysis; Environmental Sustainability; Charging Infrastructure Reduction

Online: 27 December 2023 (01:47:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1604.v1

Numerical Estimation of Productivity for Single Slope Solar Stills in the Caspian Region

Dinmukhambet Baimbetov, Yelnar Yerdesh, Yelizaveta Karlina, Samal Syrlybekkyzy, Tanja Radu, Mohanraj Murugesan, Yerzhan Belyayev

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Solar Still; Thermal Desalination; Caspian Region; Climatic Impact; Heat Balance Model

Online: 20 September 2024 (09:08:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0373.v1

Optimal Operation of Conventional Power Generation with High Penetration of Renewable Energy using Equilibrium Optimizer Technique

Khaled Nusair, Lina Alhmoud

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: active power loss; total generation cost; emission index; optimal power flow; equilibrium optimizer; solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system; wind integrated IEEE 30-bus system; hybrid wind and solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system

Online: 17 September 2020 (05:15:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1614.v1

Analysis of the Performance of a Hybrid Thermal Power Plant Using Anfis-Based Approaches

Kantu T. Kabengele, Isaac Oyeyemi Olayode, Lagouge K. Tartibu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Performance; Hybrid thermal power plant; Integrated solar combined cycle power plant (ISCCPP); Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS); Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); Genetic Algorithm (GA); ANFIS-PSO; ANFIS-GA; Evolutionary algorithms

Online: 26 September 2023 (02:59:35 CEST)

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The hybridization of conventional thermal power plants by incorporation of renewable energy systems has witnessed widespread adoption in recent years. This trend aims not only to mitigate carbon emissions but also to enhance the overall efficiency and performance of these power generation facilities. However, calculating the performance of such intricate systems using fundamental thermodynamic equations proves to be both laborious and time-intensive. Nevertheless, possessing accurate and real-time insights into their performance is of utmost significance to ensure optimal plant operation, facilitate decision-making, and streamline power production planning. In this paper, we delve into the application of machine learning techniques, particularly hybrid methodologies, to predict the performance of power plants. Specifically, we employ three approaches: the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), the ANFIS optimized via Particle Swarm Optimization (ANFIS-PSO), and the ANFIS optimized through Genetic Algorithm (ANFIS-GA). These techniques are alternatively applied to a complex hybrid thermal power plant, namely an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant (ISCCPP). This ISCCPP comprises a steam turbine section, a gas turbine section, and a concentrated solar power system utilizing troughs as collectors. The energy transfer fluid, in conjunction with exhaust from the gas turbine section, heats water within a vessel or steam generator, producing steam to propel the steam turbine's rotor. Electricity generation is facilitated by both gas and steam turbines, which are coupled to a generator. The findings of this study underscore the accuracy and appropriateness of ANFIS-based models in evaluating and predicting the performance of intricate hybrid power plants. The ANFIS model exhibited an impressive overall coefficient of correlation of 0.9991. Notably, the integration of evolutionary algorithms (PSO and GA) into the ANFIS framework elevated model performance, yielding correlation coefficients of 0.9994 for ANFIS-PSO and 0.9997 for ANFIS-GA. It is noteworthy that ANFIS-GA demonstrated superior predictive capability. The modeling framework developed in this research offers valuable support to designers, energy managers, and decision-makers. It provides a robust and dependable tool to assess the performance of hybrid thermal power plants, which are poised for a global surge in numbers amid the ongoing energy transition.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0361.v1

A Critical Review on the Development and Utilization of Energy Systems in Uganda

Ocident Bongomin, Patrick Nziu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Hydropower; Wind, Solar; Geothermal; Firewood; Nuclear; Petroleum; Peat; Non-solid biomass; Solid biomass; Energy systems; Human energy; Animal energy

Online: 28 February 2022 (12:25:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0499.v1

Detection of Solar Neutrons and Solar Neutron Decay Protons

Yasushi Muraki, Tatsumi Koi, Yutaka Matsubara, Satoshi Masuda, Pedro Miranda, Shoko Miyake, Tsuguya Naito, Ernesto Ortiz Fragoso, Akitoshi Oshima, Takashi Sako, Shoichi Shibata, Hisanori Takamaru, Munetoshi Tokumaru, Jose Franco Valdes-Galicia, Kyoko Watanabe

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar flare; impulsive flare; gradual flare; solar comic-rays; solar energetic particles; particle acceleration; solar neutrons

Online: 8 November 2023 (06:44:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0248.v2

Super-Multi-Junction Solar Cell, Device Configuration with the Potential of More Than 50 % of the Annual Energy Conversion Efficiency (Non-Concentration)

Kenji Araki, Yasuyuki Ota, Hiromu Saiki, Hiroki Tawa, Kensuke Nishioka, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: tandem; solar cell; multi-junction; performance ratio; spectrum; modeling; radiative coupling; luminescence coupling

Online: 14 October 2019 (09:56:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0437.v1

Optimal Routing for Time-Driven EH-WSN under Regular Energy Sources

Sebastià Galmés

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: energy-harvesting wireless sensor network; solar radiation; energy consumption model; duty cycle; throughput; MAC layer; routing; minimum hop count; shortest-path routing

Online: 19 October 2018 (06:27:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0048.v2

The Role of Nanofluids and Renewable Energy in the Development of Sustainable Desalination Systems: A Review

Tejvir Singh, Muataz Ali Atieh, Tareq Al-Ansari, Abdul Wahab Mohammad, Gordon McKay

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: thermal desalination; reverse osmosis; advanced heat transfer fluids; sustainable desalination practices; integrated solar thermal nanofluids based desalination

Online: 9 January 2020 (08:39:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0344.v1

Optimal Operation of Conventional Power Generation with High Penetration of Renewable Energy using Equilibrium Optimizer Technique

Lina Alhmoud, Khaled Nusair

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: active power loss; total generation cost; emission index; optimal power flow; equilibrium optimizer; 21 solar PV integrated IEEE 30-bus system; wind integrated IEEE 30-bus system; hybrid wind and solar PV 22 integrated IEEE 30-bus system

Online: 16 September 2020 (03:50:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0221.v1

Economic and Environmental Multi-objective Optimization of a Wind-Solar-Fuel Cell Hybrid Energy System in the Colombian Caribbean Region

Guillermo Valencia, Aldair Benavides, Yulineth Cardenas

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: fuel cell; wind energy; solar energy; hybrid energy system; Colombian caribbean region; multi-objective optimization

Online: 19 April 2019 (11:40:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1382.v1

Analysis of Losses Associated with Series Resistance (Rs) in Simple-Structured c-Si Solar Cells

Manuel J Heredia-Rios, Luis Hernandez-Martinez, Monico Linares-Aranda, Javier Flores-Méndez, Mario Moreno-Moreno

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: photovoltaic; solar energy; solar cells; series resistance

Online: 18 January 2024 (09:10:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1119.v1

Rational Use of Energy in Sport Centers to Achieving Net Zero: The SAVE Project (Part B: Indoor Sport Hall)

Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis, Nikos Papadakis, Efi Giannopoulou, Yiannis Yiannakoudakis, George Zidianakis, George Katzagiannakis, Eirini Dakanali, George Stavrakakis, Avraam Kartalidis

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: energy performance upgrade; municipal sport facilities; indoor sport hall; solar-combi systems; energy transition; energy communities

Online: 16 August 2023 (10:22:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0108.v1

Low-Carbon Economical Dispacth of Electricity-Heat Integrated Energy System Considering Concentrating Solar Power and Heat Loss in Heat Pipe Network

Nenghan Zhang, Yufeng Wang, Xiyan Jian, Yibo Ding

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: heat loss; integrated energy system; concentrating solar power; low-carbon; heat storage tank; economical dispatch

Online: 4 December 2020 (12:05:58 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0620.v1

Design and Development of a Low-Cost Parabolic Type Solar Dryer and Its Performance Evaluation in Drying of King Fish – Case Study in Oman

Talal Al Haddabi1, Amuthakkannan Rajakannu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Solar Energy; Parabolic Solar trough; Solar dryer; evacuated copper tube absorber; Specific heat

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:43:09 CEST)

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Dry Fish is a rich source of proteins and nutrients and can be eaten in many forms. Oman is one of the important fish producers in the world and having high demand in neighboring countries for Oman’s fish. Fishery sector is considered as one of the important economic development sector in sultanate of Oman. In the fishery sector, use of technology is not up to the mark because of less awareness of technology application among Omani fishermen. Also, there is a demand for a greater number of cold storages in different regions to store fresh fishes which is not materialized yet. Similarly, there is a demand of perfect and cheap technology in Oman to dry fishes to improve the profit to the fishermen. Solar energy is abundantly available in Oman and there are high possibilities in Oman to use solar energy in domestic and industrial applications. Since the sunlight is available throughout the year, it is possible to convert in to thermal energy or electrical energy. Electricity can be produced from photovoltaic principle (PV) or indirectly with concentrated solar power. Similarly, we can use solar concentrators for many thermal applications. The solar dryer is a device which is used to dry fruits, vegetables, leaves, clothes etc. If any of the items are dried with the help of solar energy, then we can save lot of non-renewable source of energy and can help to improve economy of the country. The sun can, at least seasonally at Oman’s latitudes, provide a substantial part of the energy needed for various applications. In this work, we used solar dryer to make dry fish with high quality. Use of parabolic type concentrator to dry the fish is an effective solution which is an innovative idea to the fishermen. The temperature variation in dryer is directly proportional to the intensity of solar. The tracking mechanism is a combination of electronic and mechanical design which tracks the sun automatically. In this work, a parabolic concentrator with automatic tracking mechanism was designed and the performance analysis have been done. In the design, copper tubes are used for heat transfer and then the hot fluid is circulated in the box which is used to dry the fishes. As per the experiment, fish drying efficiency obtained from solar dryer is 77.9% and it took 3 days to dry king fish of 20kg. There are many advantages in parabolic type solar concentrators relate to the quality of dryness in the fishes and time taken to dry the fishes which are elaborately discussed in this paper. This solar dryer technology will improve green environment and also will save non-renewable sources of sultanate of Oman for longer period of time.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0085.v2

The Inner and Backside Solar Flares

Ramy Mawad

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: The Sun; Solar Flare; Solar Core; Solar Interior layers; Radiative Zone; Convection Zone

Online: 5 August 2022 (14:59:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0994.v1

Advances in Room Temperature of Indium Aluminum Nitride InAlN Deposition via Co-Sputtering DC for Solar Energy Applications

Juan David Cañón Bermudez, Luis Fernando Mulcué-Nieto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: InAlN solar cells; co-sputtering DC; room temperature; optical properties; morphological properties; low-cost synthesis; Indium Aluminum Nitride

Online: 12 September 2024 (12:58:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0192.v1

Film Properties Using Metal Salts Washing for Perovskite Solar Cells

Ankit Stephen Thomas

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: Perovskites; Solar cells; Film formation; Solar energy; Doping

Online: 13 July 2022 (08:40:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0625.v1

Encapsulation of Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells: A Comprehensive Review

Ashraf Uddin, Mushfika Baishakhi Upama, Haimang Yi, Leiping Duan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: organic solar cells; perovskite solar cells; encapsulation; stability

Online: 30 November 2018 (09:38:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0674.v1

Design and Programming of a Micro-Controller-Based Solar Tracking System

Saman Sarkawt Jaafar, Farhad Muhsin Mahmood

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Solar cell energy; Single Axial Solar Tracking System; Solar cell efficiency; Arduino Uno Board

Online: 30 August 2020 (15:34:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0839.v1

Lifetime of Long-Lived Sunspot Groups

Judit Muraközy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Solar physics; Sunspots; Sunspot groups; Sunspot cycle; Solar magnetic fields; Solar active region magnetic fields

Online: 12 June 2024 (12:21:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1592.v1

New Physically-Based Mathematical Model and Experiments for a Recently Invented Solar Pot

Márton Rátkai, Gábor Géczi, Richárd Kicsiny, László Székely

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: solar cooking; solar pot; mathematical modelling; simulation results; measurements

Online: 24 June 2024 (08:16:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0550.v1

Techno-Economic Evaluation on Solar-Assisted Post-Combustion CO₂ Capture in Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors

Junkun Mu, Jinpeng Bi, Yuexia Lv, Yancai Su, Wei Zhao, Hui Zhang, Tingting Du, Fuzhao Li, Hongyang Zhou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: solar thermal energy; membrane gas absorption; hollow fiber membrane contactor; technical feasibility; economic assessment

Online: 9 April 2024 (07:19:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1615.v1

Optimizing Solar Potential Analysis in Cuba: A Methodology for High-Resolution Regional Mapping

Javier Domínguez, Carlo Bellini, Ana María Martín, Luis F. Zarzalejo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: solar mapping; GIS; solar resources; solar radiation; renewable energies; rural electrification; sustainable development; High-Resolution Models

Online: 22 August 2024 (06:00:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1267.v1

Assessing the Impact of Climate Changes, Building Characteristics and HVAC Control on Energy Requirements Under a Mediterranean Climate

António M. Raimundo, A. Virgílio M. Oliveira

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Climate change; Buildings energy requirements; HVAC control; Buildings thermal insulation; External solar shadings; Buildings’ type of use; Mediterranean climate; Buildings climatization

Online: 19 April 2024 (09:54:06 CEST)

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Buildings’ thermal energy needs are inherently linked to climate conditions. Consequently, it is crucial to evaluate how climate changes affect these energy demands. Despite extensive analysis, a comprehensive assessment involving a diverse range of building types has not been consistently conducted. The primary objective of this research is to perform a coherent evaluation of the influence of climate changes, construction element properties, and the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system type of control on the energy requirements of six buildings (residential, services, and commercial). The buildings are considered located in a temperate Mediterranean climate. Our focus is on the year 2070, considering three distinct climatic scenarios: (i) maintaining the current climate without further changes, (ii) moderate climate changes, and (iii) extreme climate changes. The buildings are distributed across three different locations, each characterized by unique climatic conditions. Buildings’ envelope features a traditional External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) serves as thermal insulation material. Two critical design factors are explored: EPS thickness ranging from 0 (no insulation) to 12 cm; and horizontal external fixed shading elements varying lengths from 0 (absence) to 150 cm. Six alternative setpoint ranges are assessed for the HVAC system control: three based on the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and three based on indoor air temperature (Tair). Results were obtained with a validated in-home software tool. They show that, even under extreme climate conditions, the application of thermal insulation remains energetically favorable, however its relative importance diminishes as climate severity increases. Then, proper insulation design remains important for energy efficiency. The use of external shading elements for glazing (e.g., overhangs, louvers) proves beneficial in specific cases. As climate changes intensify, the significance of shading elements grows. Thus, strategic placement and design are necessary for good results. The HVAC system’s energy consumption depends on the level of thermal comfort requirements, on the climate characteristics and on the building’s type of use. As climate change severity intensifies, energy demands for cooling increase, while energy needs for heating decrease. However, it’s essential to recognize that the impact of climate changes on HVAC system energy consumption significantly depends on the type of building.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0486.v1

Optical Design of a Miniaturised Solar Magnetograph for Space Applications

Ariadna Calcines, Lucie M. Green, Alan Smith, David M. Long

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar magnetograph; space weather; space sciences; solar instrumentation; miniaturised optics

Online: 9 October 2023 (11:10:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0244.v1

A Comprehensive Empirical Analysis on Performance Assessment of Different Solar Cookers

Ibadullah Safdar, Muhammad Zahid, Saeed Mian Qaisar, Asad Waqar, Elsayed Tag Eldin, Tehseen Ilahi, Tausif Zahid, Naif Alsharabi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Cooking power; Solar energy; Solar radiations; Sun tracking.; Emperical Analysis

Online: 18 October 2022 (03:21:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0518.v1

A GIS-Based Method for Identification of Wide area Rooftop Suitability for Minimum Size PV Systems Using LiDAR Data and Photogrammetry

Diane Palmer, Elena Koubli, Ian Cole, Ralph Gottschalg, Thomas Betts

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar; LiDAR; rooftop photovoltaics; building characteristics; wide-area solar yield

Online: 21 November 2018 (06:59:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0264.v1

Proposal Design of a Hybrid Solar PV-Wind-Battery Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application

Mwaka Juma, Bakari M. M. Mwinyiwiwa, Consalva J. Msigwa, Aviti T. Mushi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: solar photovoltaic (PV); wind turbine coupled to permanent synchronous generator (WT-PMSG); battery energy storage (BESS); maximum power point tracking (MPPT); DC/DC converters

Online: 11 August 2021 (15:10:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0208.v1

Periodic Behavior of Selected Solar, Geomagnetic and Cosmic Activity Indices during Solar Cycle 24

Ali Kilcik, Atila Ozguc, Jean-Pierre Rozelot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Solar cycles; Solar flares; Geomagnetic activity indices; Cosmic rays; Period analysis

Online: 3 November 2023 (11:23:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0486.v1

MHD Simulation in the Solar Corona to Obtain Conditions for the Acceleration of Cosmic Rays during Solar Flares

Alexander Podgorny, Igor Podgorny, Alexei Borisenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar flare; solar cosmic rays; current sheet; magnetohydrodynamic simulation; active region

Online: 28 February 2023 (02:23:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0046.v2

Solar Activity Cycles Recur Epidemic and Pandemic Viruses: Space Weather Alerts

Ramy Mawad, Hanafy M. Madbouly, Ehab M. B. Mahdy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Space weather; Solar terrestrial connection; Climate change; Solar cycle; Environment; Epidemiology

Online: 12 January 2023 (02:36:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0101.v1

Design and Analysis of Domestic Micro-Cogeneration Potential for an ORC System Adapted to a Solar Domestic Hot Water System

Daniel Leal-Chavez, Ricardo Beltran-Chacon, Paola Cardenas-Terrazas, Saul Islas, Nicolas Velazquez

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar domestic cogeneration; Organic Rankine Cycle; acetone; evacuated tube solar collector

Online: 8 July 2019 (04:15:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0091.v1

Solar Power Interpolation and Analysis Using Spatial Autocorrelation

Syed Muhammad Ahsan Gillani

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar power interpolation; solar power attenuation; spatial autocorrelation; semi-variograms; geosatistics

Online: 7 December 2018 (03:55:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0062.v1

A Study on Photostability of Amphetamines and Ketamine in Hair Irradiated under Artificial Sunlight

Giorgia Miolo, Marianna Tucci, Luca Menilli, Giulia Stocchero, Susanna Vogliardi, Salvatore Scrivano, Massimo Montisci, Donata Favretto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: hair; solar light; photodegradation; amphetamines; MDMA; ketamine; photoproduct; photostability; solar simulator

Online: 3 May 2018 (09:11:57 CEST)

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Background: Drug incorporated in hair are exposed to the environment and to cosmetic and chemical treatments, with possible decrease of their content. Knowledge concerning the effect of sun light on drug content in hair can be helpful to the forensic toxicologist, in particular when investigating on drug concentrations above or below pre-determined cut-offs. Materials and Methods: Twenty authentic positive hair samples were selected that had previously tested positive for amphetamines and/or ketamine. Washed hairs were divided into two identical strands: the former was exposed at 765 W/m² (310–800 nm spectrum of irradiance) for 48 hours in a solar simulator, the latter was kept in the dark. Hair samples were extracted and analyzed by LC-HRMS detection. The percent photodegradation was calculated for each analyte (amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylendioxyamphetamine methylendioxymethamphetamine, ketamine, norketamine). In parallel, photodegradation processes of standard molecules dissolved in aqueous and organic solutions were studied. Results: In 20 hair samples positive for the targeted analytes, exposure to artificial sun light induced an appreciable decrease of drug concentrations. The concentration ranges in the non-irradiated hair samples were 0.01–24 ng/mg; 65% of samples exhibited a decrease in post-irradiation samples, with reduction from 3% to 100%. When more drugs were present in the same hair sample (e.g, MDMA and ketamine) the degradation yields were compound dependent. A degradation product induced by irradiation of ketamine in aqueous and methanol solutions was identified; it was also found to be present in a true positive hair sample after irradiation. Conclusions: Ketamine, amphetamines and their metabolites incorporated in hair of drug users undergo degradation when irradiated by artificial sunlight. Only for ketamine a photoproduct was identified in irradiated standard solutions and in true positive irradiated hair. When decisional cut-offs are applied to hair analysis, photodegradation must be taken into account since sunlight may produce false negative results. Moreover, new markers could be investigated as evidence of illicit drug use.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0420.v1

Use of Distributed Energy Resources Integrated with the Electric Grid in the Amazon: A Case Study of the UFPA Poraquê Electric Boat Using Digital Twin

Bruno Santana de Albuquerque, Maria Emília de Lima Tostes, Ubiratan Holanda Bezerra, Carminda Célia Moura de Moura Carvalho, Ayrton Lucas Lisboa do Nascimento

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: electric mobility; solar boats; digital twin; renewable energy; Simulink modeling; photovoltaic systems; carbon emission reduction; autonomous vehicles; sustainable transportation

Online: 6 August 2024 (10:41:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0090.v1

Performance of a Combined Energy System Consisting of Solar Collector, Biogas Dry Reforming and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell – An Indian Case Study

Akira Nishimura, Ryotaro Sato, Ryota Nakajima, Eric Hu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar collector; temperature of simulated biogas; case study of installation in India; H2 production by dry reforming; power generation by SOFC

Online: 2 August 2024 (02:53:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0300.v2

A review on the present and future of solar power in Africa

Ahmed Rachid, Nouhaila NAJMI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Solar energy; Development; Africa; Solar farms; Mini-grids; Off-grid; Solar houses; Irrigation; Legislation; Business models; NGOs; International companies

Online: 14 March 2024 (09:34:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0695.v1

Performance Study of Integrated Solar-Water Supply System for Isolated Agricultural Areas in Thailand: Two Case-Study Villages of The Royal Initiative Project

Thanongsak Imjai, Kamon Thinsurat, Pakorn Ditthakit, Warit Wipulanusat, Monthian Setkit, Reyes Garcia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: water resource management; solar-water; solar-water supply system; SWSS; decision support; solar pumping; climate change; royal initiative project

Online: 29 July 2020 (11:40:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0488.v9

The Solar System: Nature and Mechanics

Mario Ljubičić

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: solar system; complete relativity; nature; mechanics

Online: 19 July 2023 (09:29:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1540.v1

Creating Climate-Neutral Urban Environments: Integrating Solar Energy Technologies and Nature-Based Solutions for Sustainability and Resilience

Hai-Ying Liu, Nikolaos Skandalos, Liga Braslina, Vasileios Kapsalis, Dimitris Karamanis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Built environment; Climate adaptation and mitigation; Carbon footprint; Eco-design; Nature-based solutions; Resilient living spaces; Solar energy technologies; Sustainable urban developments; Urban heat island; Urban planning

Online: 21 June 2023 (11:30:47 CEST)

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The need to address climate change and establish sustainable urban environments has driven increased efforts in Europe to develop climate-neutral cities. This study highlights the importance of integrating solar energy technologies and nature-based solutions as key strategies to achieve climate neutrality. By examining current practices, emerging trends, and case examples, it explores the benefits, challenges, and prospects associated with the integration of solar energy and nature-based solutions in urban contexts. The study presents a pioneering approach to assess the urban heat and climate change mitigation benefits of combining building-integrated photovoltaics and nature-based solutions specifically within the European context. The results emphasize the synergistic relationship between nature-based components and solar conversion technology, identifying effective combinations for different climatic zones. In warmer regions of Southern Europe, strategies like rooftop photovoltaics on cool roofs, photovoltaics shadings, green walls, and urban trees have demonstrated effectiveness. Conversely, mid- and high-latitude European cities have seen positive impacts through the integration of rooftop photovoltaics and photovoltaics facades with green roofs and green spaces. As solar cell conversion efficiency improves, the environmental impact of photovoltaics is expected to decrease, facilitating their integration into urban environments. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating water bodies, cool pavements, spaces with high sky-view factors, and effective planning in urban design to maximize resilience benefits. It also highlights the significance of prioritizing mitigation actions in low-income regions and engaging citizens in the development of social photovoltaics positive energy houses, resilient neighbourhoods, and green spaces. By adopting these recommendations, European cities can lead the way in creating climate-neutral urban environments that prioritize clean energy, nature-based solutions, and the overall well-being of residents. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach that combines technological innovation, urban planning strategies, and policy frameworks to effectively achieve climate neutrality in European cities.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2044.v1

A Review of Photocatalytic Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production Using Tandem Solar Cell

Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd Amin, Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: photocatalytic water splitting; photoelectrochemical cell; dye solar cell; tandem solar cell; hydrogen

Online: 29 September 2023 (08:05:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0706.v1

Solar Business in an Oil-Rich Country? A Socio-technical Investigation of Solar PV Businesses in Iran

Leila Aghlimoghadam

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: solar business; solar PV; social acceptance; energy transition; oil-rich country; Iran

Online: 21 April 2023 (09:49:31 CEST)

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Taking a socio-technical perspective, I focus on solar businesses (niche market actors) in Iran. As one of the key stakeholder groups whose business prosperity is tied to the development of solar PV, they play a crucial role in accelerating the energy transition. Given the incumbent fossil-based electricity sector in Iran and the least enabling policies, I am first interested to find (i) the main drivers and barriers of solar businesses; and (ii) the roles these solar businesses play in bringing solar PV deployment forward in Iran. I collected the data via 20 semi-structured interviews with solar businesses in Golestan, Guilan, Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, and Eastern Azerbaijan Provinces in Iran. Taking an inductive approach, I considered sustainability transition and social acceptance theories as sensitising concepts to investigate common and specific points of solar business acceptance in Iran. I find ecological awareness, belief in intergenerational justice, and willingness to innovate, as the main intrinsic drivers and socioeconomic opportunity and tackling the energy imbalance as extrinsic drivers; while the lack of a common vision with the energy governors, and the low knowledge of solar PV among the customers, escalating prices, and challenges to accessing good quality solar equipment are the most prior obstacles. Moreover, I understand educating people, driving the innovative deployment of solar PV, and facilitating the diffusion of it, as the major roles of solar businesses in Iran. I find that the sustainability transition literature overlooked the key role of solar businesses specially in fossil-based and developing economies. My findings suggest that the positive intrinsic mechanisms among the solar businesses, in combination with better-enabling policy frameworks and external factors, like lifting the sanctions and joining the global energy market, climate change mitigation commitments and standards, can help solar businesspeople to lead and accelerate solar PV development in Iran.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0692.v1

Suitability Analysis of Solar Energy Plant Sites in Yemen Using AHP, BSM and GIS Methods

Abdulrakeeb Algawbery Noman, Mohamed Ali Shukri, Mohammed Qaseem AL-Moutawakel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: Solar energy; Yemen; Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP); Geographic Information System (GIS); Suitability analysis; Site selection; Criteria weighting; Class weighting; Weighted overlay; Suitability map; Optimal areas; Sustainable development; Best-Worst method (BWM)

Online: 13 May 2024 (03:22:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1955.v1

Honeycomb Cell Structures Formed in Drop-Casting CNT Films for Highly Efficient Solar Absorber Applications

Saiful Islam, Hiroshi Furuta

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: solar absorber; spectral selectivity; Honeycomb structure; drop casting technique; CNTs; solar radiation intensity

Online: 25 September 2024 (11:45:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1635.v1

Monitoring and Remote Control of Solar Tracker Using MQTT Technologies

Tomás Inglés Muñoz, Antonio Guerrero-González, Francisco Lloret Abrisqueta

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Dual-axis solar tracker; 4.0 technologies; IoT; SCADA; energy efficiency; Photovoltaic solar energy

Online: 23 September 2024 (10:10:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1134.v1

The Mother's Day Solar Storm of 11 May 2024 and Its Effect on Earth's Radiation Belts

Viviane Pierrard, Alexandre Winant, Edith Botek, Maximilien Péters de Bonhome

Subject: Physical Sciences, Space Science Keywords: geomagnetic storm; solar energetic particles; solar event; radiation belts; energetic protons; relativistic electrons

Online: 14 September 2024 (10:38:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0138.v1

Design and Optimization of Electrical Parameters of Perovskites-based Thin Film Solar Cell

Muhammad Muneeb Khan, Sadiq Ahmad, Ali Hassan, And Furqan Shaukat

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Electrical Parameters; Perovskite; Optimization; Renewable Power; SCAPS-1D; PVSyst; Solar Module; Solar Cell

Online: 2 April 2024 (09:25:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1854.v1

SISA: The First Extreme-Ultraviolet Solar Integral Field Spectrograph Using Slicers

Ariadna Calcines Rosario, Hamish Andrew Sinclair Reid, Sarah Matthews, Frédéric Auchère, Alain Jody Corso, Giulio Del Zanna, Jaroslav Dudik, Samuel Gissot, Laura Hayes, Graham Stewart Kerr, Christian Kintziger, Sophie Musset, Vanessa Polito, Daniel F. Ryan, David Orozco Suárez

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: EUV Spectroscopy; solar IFS; EUV slicers; image slicers; solar space mission; particle acceleration

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:56:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0074.v1

Solar Green Roofs: A Unified Outlook Twenty Years On

Rosaria Ciriminna, Francesco Meneguzzo, Mario Pecoraino, Mario Pagliaro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: solar energy; solar green roof; energy transition; biosolar roof; green roof; air pollution

Online: 7 February 2019 (13:02:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0187.v1

Gravity-Assist Might be a Solution to Save Earth from Global Warming

Sohrab Rahvar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: Dynamics; Solar System; Global Warming

Online: 20 April 2022 (08:53:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0162.v1

A Publicly Available Cost Simulation of Sustainable Construction Options for Residential Houses

Lawrence Fulton, Bradley Beauvauis, Matthew Brooks, Scott Kruse, Kim Lee

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: construction; rainwater harvesting; simulation; solar

Online: 10 March 2020 (10:26:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0452.v1

Solar Neutrinos Spectroscopy with Borexino Phase-II

Lino Miramonti, M. Agostini, K. Altenmueller, S. Appel, V. Atroshchenko, Z. Bagdasarian, D. Basilico, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, D. Bick, I. Bolognino, G. Bonfini, D. Bravo, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, A. Caminata, S. Caprioli, M. Carlini, P. Cavalcante, F. Cavanna, A. Chepurnov, K. Choi, L. Collica, S. Davini, A. Derbin, X.F. Ding, A. Di Ludovico, L. Di Noto, I. Drachnev, K. Fomenko, A. Formozov, D. Franco, F. Gabriele, C. Galbiati, M. Gschwender, C. Ghiano, M. Giammarchi, A. Goretti, M. Gromov, D. Guffanti, C. Hagner, T. Houdy, E. Hungerford, Aldo Ianni, Andrea Ianni, A. Jany, D. Jeschke, V. Kobychev, D. Korablev, G. Korga, T. Lachenmaier, M. Laubenstein, E. Litvinovich, F. Lombardi, P. Lombardi, L. Ludhova, G. Lukyanchenko, L. Lukyanchenko, I. Machulin, G. Manuzio, S. Marcocci, J. Maricic, J. Martyn, E. Meroni, M. Meyer, M. Misiaszek, L. Papp, O. Penek, L. Pietrofaccia, N. Pilipenko, A. Pocar, A. Porcelli, G. Raikov, G. Ranucci, A. Razeto, A. Re, M. Redchuk, A. Romani, N. Rossi, S. Rottenanger, S. Schönert, D. Semenov, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, L.F.F. Stokes, Y. Suvorov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, J. Thurn, M. Toropova, E. Unzhakov, A. Vishneva, R.B. Vogelaar, F. von Feilitzsch, S. Weinz, M. Wojcik, M. Wurm, Z. Yokley, O. Zaimidoroga, S. Zavatarelli, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: solar neutrinos; neutrino oscillation; Borexino

Online: 19 October 2018 (11:49:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0397.v1

Effect Of The Aerosol Vertical Distribution On The Modelling Of Solar Radiation

Ilias Fountoulakis, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Emmanouil Proestakis, Vassilis Amiridis, Charalampos Kontoes, Stelios Kazadzis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: aerosol profile; aerosol extinction coefficient; aerosol radiative effects; spectral solar radiation; solar radiation profile

Online: 26 January 2022 (12:52:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1447.v1

Photothermal Conversion Performance of Fe3O4/ATO Hybrid Nanofluid for Direct Absorption Solar Collector

Jeonggyun Ham, Hyemin Kim, Honghyun Cho

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: hybrid nanofluid; optical properties; solar weight absorption coefficient; photothermal conversion coefficient; direct absorption solar collector

Online: 19 September 2024 (07:48:43 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1294.v2

Panel Surface Area Maximization for Increasing PV Performance

Moses Oyaro Okello

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: geometry; shape optimisation; photovoltaic; solar energy; renewable energy; system advisor model

Online: 5 September 2024 (10:13:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1346.v1

A Study on the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Solar Cells Using Acid Leaching and Substitution Reactions

Kim Hyun Jong, Erdenebold Urtnasan, Jei-Pil Wang

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: solar cell; recovery; silicon; silver; leaching

Online: 21 November 2023 (14:24:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1858.v2

Thermospheric Density Response to the Solar Activity and QBO

Bo Li, Ruifei Cui, Libin Weng, Jianfang Fei

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: thermospheric density; GAMDM; QBO; solar activity

Online: 31 July 2023 (11:23:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0055.v1

A Feasibility Analysis of a Solar Power Plant with Direct Steam Generation System in Sonora, Mexico

Ernesto Enciso Contreras, Juan Gabriel Barbosa-Saldaña, Jesus de la Cruz Alejo, Claudia Del C. Gutiérrez-Torres, Jose Alfredo Jimenez Bernal, Maria Belem Arce Vazquez

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: PTC; DSG; solar energy; power plant

Online: 3 March 2023 (03:44:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0508.v2

How Fast Is the Distance between Earth and the Sun Changing in the Solar System?

Jim Henry, Mesut Yurukcu, George Nnanna

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Solar System; Earth; Sun; Expansion; Universe

Online: 12 October 2021 (14:27:15 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Mechanics of the Gyroscopic Precession and Calculation of the Galactic Mass

Jian Sun, Ting Xu, Zheng Jiao, Hui Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: gyroscopic precession; solar system; galactic mass

Online: 25 May 2021 (11:16:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0407.v1

Re-desiging and Fabrication of the Contact Area of a Solar Milk Pasteurizer

Enebe Vincent, Moveh Samuel

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: re-designing; fabrication; solar; milk; pasteurizer

Online: 31 December 2019 (10:22:43 CET)

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Preprint DATA DESCRIPTOR | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0120.v2

SolarView: Georgia Solar Adoption in Context

Jacqueline Hettel Tidwell, Abraham Tidwell, Steffan Nelson, Marcus Hill

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: solar; technology adoption; demographics; mixed methods

Online: 30 November 2018 (15:47:46 CET)

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