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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1290.v1

Fraxicon for Optical Applications with Aperture ∼1 mm

Haoran Mu, Daniel Smith, Soon Hock Ng, Vijayakumar Anand, Nguyen Hoai An Le, Raghu Dharmavarapu, Zahra Khajehsaeidimahabadi, Rachael T. Richardson, Patrick Ruther, Paul R. Stoddart, Henrikas Gricius, Tomas Baravykas, Darius Gailevičius, Gediminas Seniutinas, Tomas Katkus, Saulius Juodkazis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: fraxicon; micro-optics; RGB; SZ2080™ resist; direct-laser-writing

Online: 21 November 2023 (10:42:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2140.v1

Measurements on Micro-Vibration in a Production Workshop with Precision Instruments Induced by Road Traffic

Zhijun Zhang, Xiaozhen Li, Xun Zhang, Guihong Xu, Anjie Wu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: production workshop; environmental vibration; micro-vibration; road traffic; precision instruments

Online: 30 September 2023 (08:47:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1440.v1

Numerical Investigation of Geometry Effect Channel on Fuel Source Flow Distribution in Micro Gas Turbine Annular Combustor

Sebastian Andrew, Sanaz Dehghaniyan

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Micro gas turbine, fuel supply nozzle, combustion chamber, fuel distribution.

Online: 21 September 2023 (08:53:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1501.v1

Experimental, Analytical and Numerical Research of Flexural Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened with Ferrocement

Darko Živković, Predrag Blagojević, Danijel Kukaras, Radovan Cvetković, Slobodan Ranković

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: strengthening; micro-reinforced concrete; ferrocement; RC beams; flexure; numerical simulation

Online: 22 August 2023 (07:27:06 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1124.v1

An Optical Micro-nano fiber Sensor Monitoring Exhaled Carbon Dioxide Gas

Tuo Chen, Yuxia Song, Xue Wang, Shiya Zhang, Jian-Jun He, Mingyu Li

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: respiratory carbon dioxide; absorption theory; micro-nano fiber; optical sensor

Online: 16 August 2023 (08:54:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0850.v1

High Accuracy and Wide Range Recognition of Micro AR Markers with Dynamic Camera Parameter Control

Daisuke Haraguchi, Ryu Miyahara

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Image recognition; Micro AR marker; Camera parameter control; Iterative recognition

Online: 11 August 2023 (02:53:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2187.v1

A Comprehensive Review Unleashing the Challenges and Advancements in In-Vitro Propagated Eucalypt Plantations

Vikas Sharma, Ankita ., Arun Karnwal, Shivika Sharma, Barkha Kamal, Vikash S Jadon, Sanjay Gupta, Iyyakkannu Sivanasen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Eucalyptus; tissue culture; F1 hybrids; clonal propagation; micro-propagation; germplasm.

Online: 30 June 2023 (10:09:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2018.v1

Numerical Assessment of Flow Energy Harvesting Potential in a Micro-channel

Dimitrios G. Koubogiannis, Marios Vasileios N. Benetatos

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Energy harvesting; micro-channel flow; CFD; piezoelectric phenomenon; bluff body.

Online: 28 June 2023 (11:37:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0273.v1

Alternatives for MRI in Prostate Cancer Diagnostics – Review of Current Ultrasound-Based Techniques

Adam Gurwin, Kamil Kowalczyk, Klaudia Knecht-Gurwin, Paweł Stelmach, Łukasz Nowak, Wojciech Krajewski, Tomasz Szydełko, Bartosz Małkiewicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: prostate cancer; ultrasonography; biopsy; micro-ultrasound; elastography; contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Online: 21 March 2022 (04:26:46 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Plastic Litter from Shotgun Ammunition in Marine Ecosystems – Problems and Solutions

Niels Kanstrup, Natanya M.L. Hansen, Bodil E. Pallesen, Nicolaj Ma, Mathias Andersen, Andreas P. Vestbø, Lars T. Andersen, Peter Sommer-Larsen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Biodegradable labeling; Decomposition; Fibre; Micro plastic; PVAL; PHA; Shotgun wad

Online: 10 May 2021 (15:35:36 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0093.v1

Serum Ceramides as Prognostic Biomarkers of Large Thrombus Burden in Patients With STEMI: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

Efstratios Karagiannidis, Andreas S Papazoglou, Nikolaos Stalikas, Olga Deda, Eleftherios Panteris, Olga Begou, Georgios Sofidis, Dimitrios V Moysidis, Anastasios Kartas, Evangelia Chatzinikolaou, Kleoniki Keklikoglou, Andreana Bompoti, Helen Gika, George Theodoridis, Georgios Sianos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; Thrombus; Thrombus aspiration; Micro-CT; ceramides

Online: 5 January 2021 (13:43:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0188.v1

Structure and Biomechanics during Xylem Vessel Transdifferentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Eleftheria Roumeli, Leah Ginsberg, Robin McDonald, Giada Spigolon, Rodinde Hendrickx, Misato Ohtani, Taku Demura, Guruswami Ravichandran, Chiara Daraio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Plant biomechanics; turgor pressure; micro-compression; AFM; Arabidopsis thaliana; differentiation

Online: 4 November 2020 (10:42:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0047.v1

Investigation of Interfacial Microstructure and Tensile Strength of Ultrasonic Welding Joints on Nonwoven Fabrics

Hai T. Nguyen, Quang Le, Loc Nguyen, Ngo Huu Manh, Nguyen Van Anh

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: horn design; ultrasonic welding; nonwoven fabric; micro-structure; tensile strength

Online: 5 June 2020 (14:01:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0320.v1

Highly Molybdenum-Alloyed Materials Hastelloy BC-1 (2.4708) and B3 (2.4600): Diffusion Bonding Experiments and Evaluation of Both Mechanical Behavior and Corrosion Resistance in Hot 70 % Sulfuric Acid

Thomas Gietzelt, Mario Walter, Volker Toth, Florian Messerschmidt, Ralf Dahm

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: diffusion bonding; Hastelloy B; corrosion; sulfuric acid; micro process device

Online: 23 February 2020 (12:00:15 CET)

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Sulphuric acid is a widely used raw material in the chemical industry. Its corrosive effect on materials varies considerably, depending on impurities, temperature and water content. Accordingly, good corrosion resistance under all conditions is very difficult to achieve. This is especially an issue for micro process apparatus with very thin walls. Furthermore, such devices are often joint by diffusion bonding what may alter materials properties due to high temperatures and long dwell times. In fact, for each new material, the diffusion bonding parameters must be optimized and the impact on mechanical as well as corrosion properties must be investigated. In this paper, two high molybdenum alloys, namely Hastelloy B3 and BC-1, were evaluated. Diffusion bonding tests were performed using ten layers of sheet material in between round stock. Corrosion tests were performed in 70 % sulphuric acid at 100°C for 1000 h. Tensile tests on both alloys were carried out for different material conditions, to determine the change in mechanical strength and elongation at fracture values. In general, independent of the condition of the materials, the fracture behavior of both alloys was found to be ductile and the specimens show the typical dimple structure, in the case of diffusion bonded samples, interrupted by weak spots or rather non-bonded areas. These areas are obviously causing the onset of material failure and thus, a degradation of mechanical properties. Tensile samples, that were aged in 70% sulphuric acid at 100°C for 1000 hours showed local corrosion attacks at the grain boundaries at the circumferential surfaces and especially at the joining planes – for Hastelloy B3 much more pronounced than for Hastelloy BC-1. Accordingly, a further decrease of both, the stress- and elongation at fracture values is observed. However, the typical material parameters like 0.2 % yield strength used for dimensioning components are found to be sufficient high, even when operating the materials under such harsh conditions. When concluding the results, at least Hastelloy BC-1 reveals both sufficient good mechanical properties and an excellent corrosion resistance, regardless of the heat treatment, and could be considered for manufacturing micro-process engineering apparatuses operated in a sulphuric acid environment. This is a significant advance compared to the results obtained within a AiF project, previously carried out on four different materials to investigate the corrosion resistance in sulphuric acid.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Viscoelastic Behaviour from Complementary Forced-Oscillation and Micro-Creep Tests

Ian Jackson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: viscoelasticity; anelasticity; creep function; forced-oscillation methods; micro creep methods

Online: 13 October 2019 (16:55:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0052.v1

Optical Damage Thresholds of Microstructures Made by Laser 3D Nanolithography

Agnė Butkutė, Laurynas Čekanavičius, Gabrielius Rimšelis, Darius Gailevičius, Vygantas Mizeikis, Andrius Melninkaitis, Tommaso Baldacchini, Linas Jonušauskas, Mangirdas Malinauskas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: 3D laser lithography; laser induced damage threshold; micro-optics; photonics

Online: 4 October 2019 (11:56:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0115.v1

A Radar-Based Smart Sensor for Unobtrusive Elderly Monitoring in Ambient Assisted Living Applications

Giovanni Diraco, Alessandro Leone, Pietro Siciliano

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: fall detection; vital signs monitoring; ultra-wideband radar; micro-Doppler

Online: 17 October 2017 (11:45:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2270.v1

Novel PCR-Based Technology for the Detection of Sunflower in Edible and Used Cooking Oils

Tamara Kutateladze, Kakha Karchkhadze, Kakha Bitskinashvili, Boris Vishnepolsky, Tata Ninidze, David Mikeladze, Nelly Datukishvili

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: sunflower detection; PCR technology; genomic DNA extraction; edible oil; used cooking oil

Online: 30 September 2024 (10:40:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1366.v1

Cycle Threshold Values of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR During Outbreaks in Nursing Homes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Juan Carlos Gasco-Laborda, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Maria Dolores Tirado-Balaguer, Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer, Oihana Sabalza-Baztán, Óscar Pérez-Olaso, Iris Gómez-Alfaro, Sandrine Poujois-Gisbert, Noelia Hernández-Pérez, LLedó Lluch-Bacas, Viorica Rusen, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; PCR; cycle threshold; infections; nursing homes; outbreaks; retrospective cohort

Online: 18 September 2024 (11:47:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0438.v1

The Laboratory Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) Is a Unique Model for Zika Virus Infection, Transmission, and Immune Response

André Filipe Pastor, Susan M. Mahaney, Juan Garcia Jr., Marisol Morales, Oscar Quintanilla, Marco A. Arriaga, John M. Thomas III, John L. VandeBerg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Zika virus antibodies; Zika virus ELISA; Zika virus PCR; marsupial immunology; flavivirus

Online: 7 August 2024 (03:14:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1939.v1

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Serotypes by Multiplex PCR Identification and Evaluation of Lung Lesions in Pigs from Piedmont (Italy) Farms

Matteo Cuccato, Sara Divari, Silvia Ciaramita, Alessandra Sereno, Domenico Campelli, Pier Giuseppe Biolatti, Bartolomeo Biolatti, Francesco Meliota, Enrico Bollo, Francesca Tiziana Cannizzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; porcine pleuropneumonia; swine; respiratory diseases; serotyping; multiplex PCR

Online: 29 May 2024 (14:03:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1867.v1

Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Their Genotypes in Lung Cancer: Insights from the Mediterranean Region of Turkey

Arsenal Sezgin Alikanoğlu, İrem Atalay Karaçay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Lung cancer; Human papilloma virus (HPV); polymerase chain reaction (PCR); viral oncology

Online: 1 April 2024 (10:16:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1618.v1

Development of Multi-Resistant Rice Restorer Lines and Hybrid Varieties by Pyramiding Resistance Genes against Blast and Brown Planthopper

Zhao Deng, Peng Qin, Kaiyu Liu, Nan Jiang, Tianze Yan, Xuanwen Zhang, Chenjian Fu, Guangcun He, Kai Wang, Yuanzhu Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: blast; brown planthopper; resistance gene; marker-assisted selection; multiplex PCR; hybrid rice

Online: 26 March 2024 (16:44:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1014.v1

Brinjal Little Leaf Disease Epidemiology in Insect Proof Conditions

Mukesh Darabakula, Sri Tej Mateeti, Francesco Pacini, Assunta Bertaccini, Nicoletta Contaldo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: disease management; eggplant; DNA extraction; RFLP analysis; nested PCR amplification; sequencing, phylogeny

Online: 12 January 2024 (11:40:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0316.v1

Temporal Trend of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant and Res-Piratory Syncytial Virus in the Nasal Cavity and Accuracy of the Newly Developed Antigen-Detecting Rapid Diagnostic Test

Daisuke Tamura, Yuji Morisawa, Takashi Mato, Shin Nunomiya, Masaki Yoshihiro, Yuta Maehara, Shizuka Ito, Yasushi Ochiai, Hirokazu Yamagishi, Toshihiro Tajima, Takanori Yamagata, Hitoshi Osaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Omicron; rapid diagnostic test; RT-PCR; RSV; SARS-CoV-2; viral antigens

Online: 6 December 2023 (07:38:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1505.v1

Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiplex PCR in Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Anja Stein, Daniel Soukup, Peter-Michael Rath, Ursula Felderhoff-Müser

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal sepsis; early onset sepsis; multiplex PCR; infection; neonate; diagnosis; pathogen detection

Online: 24 October 2023 (08:11:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1620.v1

Identification of Reference Genes for Precise Expression Analysis during Germination in Chenopodium quinoa Seeds under Salt Stress

ESTEFANIA CONTRERAS, Lucía Martín-Fernández, Arafet Manaa, Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa, RAQUEL IGLESIAS-FERNANDEZ

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Chenopodium quinoa; Germination sensu stricto; Reference gene; quantitative PCR; Salt stress; Seed

Online: 26 September 2023 (02:51:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2272.v1

The Hypocholesterolemic Potential of the Edible Algae Fucus Vesiculosus: Proteomic and Quantitative PCR Analysis

Rebeca André, Rita Pacheco, Ana Catarina Alves, Hugo M. Santos, Mafalda Bourbon, Maria-Luísa Serralheiro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Fucus vesiculosus; cholesterol synthesis; cholesterol excretion; , Ezetimibe; , NPC1L1; ABCG5; qRT-PCR; mRNA

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:54:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1348.v1

Expanded PCR Panel Testing for Identification of Respiratory Pathogens and Coinfections in Influenza-like Illness

Pallavi Upadhyay, Jairus Reddy, Teddie Proctor, Oceane Sorel, Harita Veereshlingam, Manoj Gandhi, Vijay Singh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Respiratory tract infections; COVID-19; influenza-like illness; multiplex PCR; syndromic panels

Online: 18 May 2023 (14:10:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0501.v1

Risk Factors of Breast Cancer Recurrence in Pathologic Complete Response Achieved by Patients Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Joon Young Choi, Doyoun Woen, Sung Yoon Jang, Hyunjun Lee, Dong Seung Shin, Youngji Kwak, Byung Joo Chae, Jonghan Yu, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Won Kim, Seok Jin Nam, Jai Min Ryu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast Neoplasm; Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC); pathologic Complete Response (pCR); Risk Factor; recurrence

Online: 29 March 2023 (03:52:14 CEST)

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Background: Pathologic complete response (pCR) of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is highly related to molecular subtypes. Patients who achieved tumor pCR after NAC have a better prognosis. However, despite of better prognosis, pCR patients have a potential for recurrence. There is little evidence of risk factors of recurrence in patients with pCR. We aim to analyze factors associated with tumor recurrence in patients who achieved pCR. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the data of patients diagnosed with breast cancer who achieved pCR after receiving NAC between January 2009 and December 2018 in Samsung Medical Center. pCR was defined as no residual invasive cancer in the breast and axillary nodes even if there is residual ductal carcinoma in situ (ypT0 or ypTis with ypN0). Breast cancers are classified into 4 subtypes based on hormone receptors (HR) and human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. Patients who had bilateral breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer, distant metastasis, unknown subtype, and histologically unique case were excluded from the study. Results: In total 483 patients were included in this study except for patients who corresponded to the exclusion criteria. The median follow-up duration was 59.0 months (range, 0.5-153.3 months). Breast cancer recurred in 4.1% of patients (20 of 483). There was a significant difference in clinical T (p = .004) and clinical N (p = .034) stage in the Kaplan-Meier curve for disease-free survival. Molecular subtypes (p = .573), Ki67 (p = 1.000), and breast surgery type (p = .574) were not associated with tumor recurrence in patients who achieved pCR after NAC. In the clinical T stage and clinical N stage, there was a significant difference between recurrence and no-recurrence groups (clinical T stage; p = .045, clinical N stage; p = .002). Univariable Cox regression revealed statistical significance in the clinical T stage (p = .049) and clinical N stage (p = .010), while multivariable Cox regression demonstrated non-significance in the clinical T stage (p = .320) and clinical N stage (p = .073). Conclusion: Results in this study showed that clinical T, clinical N stage, and molecular subtypes were not statistically significant predictors of recurrence in patients who achieved pCR after NAC. It is hypothesized that a multicenter-based study would lead to the identification of factors as predictors of recurrence after achieving pCR.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0219.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Positivity and Viral Load during Three Viral Waves in Mumbai, India

Chaitali Nikam, Wilson Suraweera, Sze Hang Fu, Patrick E Brown, Nico Nagelkerke, Prabhat Jha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; PCR positivity; Aleph Delta Omicron waves; Mumbai; India

Online: 13 March 2023 (06:31:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0279.v1

Quantification of DNA of Fusarium culmorum and Trichothecene Genotypes 3ADON and NIV in the Grain of Winter Wheat

Tomasz Góral, Jarosław Przetakiewicz, Piotr Ochodzki, Barbara Wiewióra, Halina Wiśniewska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: chemotype; 3ADON; DNA; Fusarium; Fusarium head blight; NIV; real-time PCR; wheat

Online: 15 November 2022 (07:09:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0090.v1

IL-1R8 Downregulation and Concomitant TLR7 and TLR9 Up-Regulation Are Related to the Pathogenesis of Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Federica Riva, Joel Filipe, Antonella Fanelli, Laura Marconato, Alessia Inglesi, Eugenio Scanziani, Sabina Soldati, Luca Licenziato, Stefano Comazzi, Lucia Minoli, Luca Aresu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: dog; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; IL-1R8; TLR7; TLR9; qRT-PCR

Online: 11 April 2022 (09:15:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0548.v1

Transfer Learning for the Detection and Diagnosis of Types of Pneumonia Including Pneumonia Induced by the COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images

Yusuf Brima, Marcellin Atemkeng, Stive Tankio Djiokap, Jaures Ebiele, Franklin Tchakounté

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: ANN; COVID-19; CT; mRNA; MRI; RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; XCR

Online: 23 July 2021 (15:02:40 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Silica Nanoparticle Effect on Population Parameters and Gene Expression of an Internal Feeder, American Serpentine Leafminer

Ahmad F. Thabet, Ola A. Galal, Midori Tuda, Magdy F.M. El–Samahy, Ryusuke Fujita, Masato Hino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Silica nanoparticles; Liriomyza trifolii; Phaseolus vulgaris; qRT-PCR; Oxidative stress; Dose dependency

Online: 7 December 2020 (11:26:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0740.v1

Speeding Up COVID-19 Detection Using Shaker-Mill Homogenization and a Direct-to-PCR Workflow

Zachary P Morehouse, Caleb M Proctor, Gabriella L Ryan, Rodney J Nash

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Virus Detection; Viral Diagnostics; Diagnostics; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; PCR

Online: 31 July 2020 (09:31:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0374.v2

Global Comparison of Changes in the Number of Test-Positive Cases and Deaths by Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in the World

Akihiro Hisaka, Hideki Yoshioka, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Hiromi Sato, Yoshihiro Onouchi, Naohiko Anzai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; infectious disease; infection management; PCR test; mortality; kinetic analysis

Online: 3 June 2020 (05:10:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0147.v1

Whole Genome Alignment Based Development of Molecular Marker for Detecting Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa, the Causal Agent of Blackleg Disease in Brassicas

Mostari Jahan Ferdous, Mohammad Rashed Hossain, Denison Michael Immanuel Jesse, Jong-In Park, Hee-Jeong Jung, Hoy-Taek Kim, Ill-Sup Nou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: blackleg; brassica; diagnosis; effector; genome alignment; leptosphaeria biglobosa; leptosphaeria maculans; marker; PCR

Online: 13 October 2019 (16:08:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0142.v1

Chronic Kidney Disease–Associated Pruritus is Caused by Dysregulated Ion Channels in Sensory Neurons

Akishi Momose, Michihiko Yabe, Shigetoshi Chiba, Kenjirou Kumakawa, Yasuo Shiraiwa, Hiroki Mizukami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: uremic pruritus; ion channels; cell signaling; Cav3.2 calcium channel; RT-PCR; skin

Online: 14 September 2019 (19:00:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0825.v1

Ripening Stage in Mechanical Properties of Chopin Apples for FEM Model Construction

Monika Słupska, Roman Stopa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: surface pressure; Micro-Ct; flesh cracking; model validation; fruit

Online: 11 September 2024 (12:34:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0937.v1

The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Micro Fibers on the Piezoresistive and Mechanical Properties of Mortar

Irene Kanellopoulou, Ioannis A. Kartsonakis, Evangelia K. Karaxi, Athanasia I. Chrysanthopoulou, Costas A. Charitidis

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: carbon micro fibers; carbon nanotubes; cement; piezoresistive; flexural strength; compressive strength

Online: 13 June 2024 (23:53:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1396.v1

Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics in a Micro Heat Exchanger Employing Warm Nanofluids for Cooling of Electronic Components

Mahdi Mokrane, Mahmoud Bourouis

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: micro heat exchanger; nanofluids; cooling of electronic heating components; CFD simulation

Online: 22 April 2024 (10:55:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1257.v1

Perspectives for Photocatalytic Decomposition of Environmental Pollutants and Pathogens on Photoactive Particles of Soil Minerals

Agnieszka Sosnowska, Kinga I. Hęclik, Joanna B. Kisała, Monika Celuch, Dariusz Pogocki

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: photocatalysis; semiconductors; solar light; soil minerals; micro-pollutants; pathogens; environmental decontamination

Online: 19 April 2024 (07:53:06 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0855.v1

A Hypothesis: Covid-Induced Micro-clots Are Formed Only during Sero-Conversion

R Anthony Vere Hodge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Long-covid; Micro-clots; Sero-conversion; Aspirin; Platelets; Spike protein; Vaccine

Online: 12 April 2024 (14:36:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0761.v1

Between Struggle, Forgetfulness, and Placemaking: Meanings and Practices among Social Groups in a Metropolitan Urban Park

Ana Rosenbluth, Teresa Ropert, Vicente Rivera, Matías Villalobos, Yerko Molina, Ignacio C. Fernández

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: micro-segregation, green areas, meanings of place, place identity, urban change

Online: 11 April 2024 (13:55:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1707.v1

An Archaeometric Study of Lead Glazed Medieval Ceramics (13th–14th Century) from Santarém, Portugal

Luis Filipe Vieira Ferreira, Tania Manuel Casimiro, Carlos Boavida, Manuel Francisco Costa Pereira, Isabel Luisa Ferreira Machado

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Medieval ceramics; Santaré; m; micro-Raman; GSDR; XRD; XRF; SM

Online: 28 March 2024 (08:41:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1304.v1

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for the Evaluation of Dental Pulp Chamber Volume: Implications for Clinics and Teaching

Maria Llacer-Martínez, Benjamín Martín-Biedma, María T. Sanz, Juan I. Aura-Tormos, Pablo Fos-Galve, Zulima Fernández-Muñiz, José A. Vega, Mar Jovani-Sancho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Computed micro-tomography; Dental pulp chamber volume.

Online: 22 February 2024 (12:03:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0045.v1

Effects of 2D Ultrasonic Vibration on Plasticity and Fracture Characteristic of 1060 Aluminium Alloy Sheet for Incremental Forming

Yuan Lv, Yifan Wang, Yan Wang, Xixiang Pan, Cong Yi, Mengen Dong

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Aluminium Alloy; Incremental Forming; Ultrasonic Vibration; Plasticity; Micro-morphology; Residual Stress

Online: 1 February 2024 (11:37:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1327.v1

An Archaeometric Study of the Iron Age Ceramics from Quinta Do Almaraz Archaeologic Site (8th to 5th Centuries BC). Colour and Mineralogic Characterization

Luis Filipe Vieira Ferreira, Ana Olaio, Manuel Francisco Costa Pereira, Isabel Luisa Ferreira Machado

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Ceramics And Composites Keywords: Ceramic production; Tagus Estuary; Phoenician ware; micro-Raman; XRD, XRF, GSDR

Online: 17 January 2024 (16:00:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1486.v1

Mechanism of Formation of Internal and Surface Defects in Casting and Their Transformation Into Surface Defects of Sheet Sheet

I.K. Ibraev, O.T. Ibraeva

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: ingot; macro- and micro-inhomogeneity; slab; rolled sheet metal; defectl; structure

Online: 23 November 2023 (07:12:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1092.v1

Assessing Impact of Microplastics on Aquatic Food System and Human Health

Mahmudul Hasan Mithun, Auditi kar, Atiqur Rahman Sunny, Masum Billah, Sharif Ahmed Sazzad, Sadeques Salehin, Al Maksud Foysal, Nusrat Jahan, Koushikur Rahman, Abdulla Al Shiam, Redoyan Chowdhury, Jubayer Arafat, Abdul Baten

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Micro-plastics; routes of MPs; eco-toxicology; aquatic organisms; human exposure

Online: 17 November 2023 (02:27:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0853.v1

Propagatıon of Azerbaıjanı Chestnut by Tıssue Culture

Gharib Hafizov, Chingiz Balazade

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Azerbaijani chestnut; nutrient medium; hormones; micro-shoots in vitro; root induction

Online: 13 October 2023 (07:55:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1737.v1

Microscopic Flow of CO₂ in Complex Pore Structures: A Recent 10-Year Review

Qiang Liu, Jialong Li, Bing Liang, Weiji Sun, Jianjun Liu, Yun Lei

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: CO2 storage; Pore scale; CT scanning; Complex pore structures; Micro-flow

Online: 26 June 2023 (05:08:27 CEST)

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To prevent CO2 leakage and ensure the safety of long-term CO2 storage, it is essential to investigate the flow mechanism of CO2 in complex pore structures at the pore scale. This study focuses on reviewing the experimental, theoretical, and numerical simulation studies on the microscopic flow of CO2 in complex pore structures during the last decade. For example, advanced imaging techniques, such as X-ray computed tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), are used to reconstruct the complex pore structures of rocks. Mathematical methods, such as Darcy's law, Young–Laplace’s law, and the Navier-Stokes equation, are used to describe the microscopic flow of CO2. Numerical methods, such as the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and pore network (PN) model, are used for numerical simulation. The application of these experimental and theoretical models and numerical simulation studies is discussed, considering the effect of complex pore structures. Finally, future research is suggested to focus on: (1) Conducting real-time CT scanning experiments of CO2 displacement combined with the developed real-time CT scanning clamping device to realize real-time visualization and provide quantitative description of the flow behavior of CO2 in complex pore structures; (2) The effect of pore structures change on the CO2 flow mechanism caused by the chemical reaction between CO2 and the pore surface, the flow theory of CO2 considering wettability and damage theory in a complex pore structures; (3) The flow mechanism of multi-phase CO2 in complex pore structures; (4) The flow mechanism of CO2 in the pore structures at multiscale and the scale upgrade from microscopic to mesoscopic to macroscopic. Generally, this study focuses on reviewing the research progress of CO2 flow mechanisms in complex pore structures at the pore scale and affords an overview of potential advanced developments to enhance the current understanding of CO2 microscopic flow mechanisms.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1722.v1

Biofilm Adhesion and Micromorphology Analysis After Professional Oral Hygiene Procedures on Cad/Cam Milled and Veneered Zirconia Restorations – In Vitro Study

Mirjana Perić, Aleksandra Čairović, Aleksandra Špadijer Gostović, Dragan Stanimirović, Marina Kostić, Marija Ivanov, Ana Ćirić, Jasmina Glamocija, Vladimir B. Pavlovic

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Ceramics And Composites Keywords: Zirconia; CAD/CAM; ultrasonic scaling; SEM; surface micro topography; microbial biofilm;

Online: 25 June 2023 (07:13:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0245.v1

Fracture Electromagnetic Radiation Induced by a Seismic Active Zone (in the Vicinity of Eilat City, Southern Israel)

Vladimir Frid, Avinoam Rabinovitch, Dov Bahat, Uri Kushnir

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: fracture-induced electromagnetic radiation (FEMR); FEMR field measurements; micro-fracturing, earthquakes

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:35:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2006.v1

A Case Study on Enhancing the Expertise of Artificial Intelligence Education for Pre-Service Teachers

Jungho Park

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: AI Literacy; AI Expertise; Subject-linked; Pre-service Teacher; Micro-teaching

Online: 29 May 2023 (10:51:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0084.v1

Challenges of Dark Stores and Urban Planning: A Case Study of B-Mart, Seoul

Ji-Hyon Hwang, Yong-Jin Kim

Subject: Social Sciences, Urban Studies And Planning Keywords: Dark Store; Micro-Fulfillment Center; Case Study; Online Shopping, COVID-19

Online: 2 May 2023 (10:58:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1016.v1

Traceability of the Micro Scale Pipe Viscometer for Traceable Calibration of Dynamic Viscosity

Stefanie Neuhaus, Hugo Bissig, Benjamin A. Bircher, Marc De Huu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: micro scale pipe viscometer; dynamic viscosity; traceable calibration; laminar flow regime

Online: 27 April 2023 (03:42:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0488.v1

Recognition of Micro-Expressions using the Spatiotemporal Capsule Network

Muhammad Mugees Asif, Sana Asif, Rabia Hussain, Imtnan Khalid

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Capsule network; differential features; deep learning; micro-expression recognition; spatiotemporal features

Online: 28 November 2022 (03:12:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0353.v1

Cancer Stem Cells and Competing Endogenous RNAs

Hamid Aria, Mahdieh Azizi, Shima Nazem, Maryam Bahmanyar, Ali Moravej, Mohammad Hosein Pourjafarian, Babak Pezeshki, Alireza Tavassoli, Mohammad Kazem Vakil, Yaser Mansoori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: cancer stem cells; competing endogenous RNAs; ceRNA; lncRNA; micro-RNA; miRNA

Online: 25 July 2022 (06:18:30 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Influence of Incidental Application of Sulfur Impurity in Triple-Super Phosphate Fertilizer on Wheat Yield

Assefa Menna, Jemanesh Haile

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Wheat; yield; triple-super-phosphate; sulfur; nitrogen; micro-dosing, precision-farming

Online: 21 July 2021 (08:22:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0234.v1

Mechanical and Microscopic Characteristics of Polyurethane-Based Pervious Pavement Composites

Hongdong Cho, Hongsu Bae, Changho Park, Hyeong Min Park, Seo-Eun Oh, Sang-Yeop Chung, Beomjoo Yang

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Pervious pavement; Polyurethane binder; Micro-CT analysis; Mechanical properties; Microscopic characteristics

Online: 12 July 2021 (08:01:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0199.v1

Sub-Millisecond Integrated Mix-and-Inject Microfluidic Sample Delivery Devices

Majid Hejazian, Eugeniu Balaur, Brian Abbey

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Microfluidics; Micro-Jet; Sub-millisecond mixing; Simulation; Sample delivery for XFEL

Online: 8 February 2021 (12:12:47 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Review of Photonic Microwave and Radio Frequency Channelizers based on Optical Kerr Micro-combs

mengxi tan, xingyuan xu, David Moss

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Kerr micro-combs; microwave photonics; signal channelization; integrated optical frequency combs

Online: 12 November 2020 (08:53:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0459.v1

Application of Neural Networks and Evolutionary Algorithms to Solve Energy Optimization and Unit Commitment for a Smart City

Bohumír Garlík

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Simulated annealing; Unit commitment; Micro grid; Smart Area; fuzzy number; Optimization

Online: 22 October 2020 (10:46:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0447.v1

Nano- versus Micro-sized TiO₂: Comparative Photoelectrochemical and Photocatalytic Studies towards Organic Pollutants Oxidation in Gas Phase

Claudia Letizia Bianchi, Pedro B. Fernandez, Ridha Djellabi, Damian Monllor-Satoca, Giuseppina Cerrato, Lorenza Operti, Roberto Gomez

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: nano- and micro-sized TiO2; photocatalytic efficiency; photoelectrochemical characterization; environmental remediation

Online: 19 September 2020 (05:11:43 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0195.v1

Occurrence of Balínt Syndrome in a Patient with Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

Philipp Klocke, Anna Whalen-Browne, Elliot Hepworth, Mohamed Panju

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Hypereosinophilic Syndrome; PDGFR-A; Balínt Syndrome; micro-emboli; chronic eosinophilic leukaemia

Online: 15 June 2020 (13:22:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0267.v1

Fully-Autonomous Operation of an AC Micro-grid with Inherent Seamless Switching

Baoquan Liu, Yan Liu, Yixin Zhu, Yong Shi

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Fully-autonomous; AC micro-grid; AC/DC/AC converter; Seamless switching

Online: 22 May 2019 (08:44:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0074.v4

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Biological Activities of Organically Templated Cobalt Phosphite (H2DAB)[Co(H2PO3)4]·2H2O

Najlaa Hamdi, Souad Chaouch, Ivan da Silva, Mohamed Ezahri, Mohammed Lachkar, Rama Alhasan, Ahmad Yaman Abdin, Claus Jacob, Brahim El Bali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Hybrid phosphite; X-Ray crystal structure; FTIR; Thermal behavior; Biological activities; Antimi-crobial; micro-organisms

Online: 22 November 2021 (08:43:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0086.v1

Neiwan Hydro Powerhouse (A Conceptual Reconstruction Study)

Stefan Tkac

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: hydro-power; hydro-power plant; micro-energy; renewable energy; water energy

Online: 11 February 2019 (09:05:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0127.v1

Micro hydro Power Plant Shanping (Site Reconstruction)

Štefan Tkáč

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: hydro-power; hydro-power plant; micro-energy; renewable energy; water energy

Online: 11 December 2018 (10:46:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0337.v1

Integration of Web APIs and Linked Data using SPARQL Micro-Services. Application to Biodiversity Use Cases

Franck Michel, Catherine Faron Zucker, Olivier Gargominy, Fabien Gandon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: Web API; SPARQL; micro-service; Data Integration; Linked Data; REST; Biodiversity

Online: 14 November 2018 (10:59:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0576.v1

Financing MSMEs (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises) in Nigeria: Implications of Transaction Costs

Oluseye Ajuwon, Sylvanus Ikhide, Joseph Akotey

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: Micro Small and Medium Enterprises, Transaction costs, Small businesses, Credit accessibility

Online: 24 October 2018 (12:05:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0382.v1

Understanding Sandfly Vector Dynamics: Molecular Surveillance of Papatasi Fever Virus in Robat Karim County, Tehran

EBRAHIM Abbasi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Vector Dynamics; Molecular Surveillance; Climate Change; Real-Time PCR; Vector-Borne Diseases; Epidemiology

Online: 7 June 2024 (02:48:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1845.v1

Determination Mitochondria's Quality Control of Parkinsonism Using Real-Time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Al-Baraa Akram

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: RT: real time, PCR: polymerase chain reaction, WT: wild type, dNTP: deoxynucleotide triphosphate

Online: 28 April 2024 (10:36:25 CEST)

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Nuclear DNA mutations, mitochondrial DNA mutations, combined nuclear and mitochondrial DNA defects, and random occurrences are the main causes of mitochondrial disease. Black pigmentation loss is a major sign of Parkinsonism. Because of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, it drops to less than 80%. The degree of motor impairment was correlated with the amount of black pigmentation loss. After RNA extraction, reverse transcription is carried out because reverse transcriptase was used to create cDNA. One microliter of total RNA supplemented with IORT Buffer, dNTPs, random hexamers, Multi-Scribe Reverse Transcriptase, and nuclease-free was used to create cDNA. The following was how the reaction was carried out in a thermal cycler: 10 minutes at 25°C, 120 minutes at 37°C, 5 seconds at 85°C, and lastly 4°C. The data was expressed as a v-value, which shows how much the target gene is enriched in comparison to the reference gene. Earlier research using mice injected with functional HtrA2/Omi protease activity revealed similar outcomes, including induced up-regulation of CHOP, decreased mitochondrial function, and early brain cell aging because of an increase in mtDNA deletions. The cell viability of the genotypes exhibits a dmg concentration-dependent effect in these results, suggesting that high content ratios of drug treatment with 6-OHDA may be the cause of cellular content depletion. After 6-OHDA neurotoxin treatment, CHOP is up-regulated. Prior in vitro research has shown that treatment with a model based on 6-OHDA neurotoxin causes the activation of mitochondrial stress pathways, which in turn promotes the death of neurons. 6-OHDA reversibly inhibited complexes I and IV's activities in rat brain cells, which led to dopaminergic neurodegeneration, a defining feature of PD pathogens. As a result, the number of living cells will directly correlate with the dmg concentration, supporting the results of the current study. Real-time PCR can generally demonstrate that the removal of HtrA 2 results in a significant up-regulation of Hsp60 expression when compared to WT cells. This could be linked to a decreased threshold for mitochondrial stress in HtrA2 KO cells, which would explain why, following ADEP4 and ACP5 treatment, Hsp60 is significantly up-regulated in HtrA2 KO cells compared to WT cells.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0301.v1

Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with ALS by Investigating Patient's Specific MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers: A Retrospective Study

Zahraa Alkhazaali, Sajad Sahab-Negah, Amir Reza Boroumand, Najmeh Kaffash Farkhad, Mohammad Ali Khodadoust, Rashin Ganjali, Jalil Tavakol-Afshari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; ALS; microRNA; Mir206; Mir338-3p; RT -PCR.

Online: 3 April 2024 (14:25:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1530.v1

Technical Advances in Circulating Cell-Free DNA Detection and Analysis for More Personalized Medicine in Patients’ Care

Monica Sorbini, Tullia Carradori, Gabriele Maria Togliatto, Tiziana Vaisitti, Silvia Deaglio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cell-free DNA; Next-generation Sequencing; digital PCR; liquid biopsy; non-invasive diagnostics

Online: 26 March 2024 (06:40:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1268.v2

Limits of Detection Analysis of Advanced Technologies for Bacterial Detection in Food Samples: Review & Future Perspective

Xinyi Zhao, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor, James Curtin, Baljit Singh, Furong Tian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: limit of detection; bacterial detection; food sample; LFIA; PCR; electrochemical; multiplexing; food safety

Online: 20 February 2024 (06:30:15 CET)

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Foodborne illnesses can be infectious and dangerous and most of them are caused by bacteria. Some types of common food-related bacteria exist widely in nature and pose a serious threat to both humans and animals, and can cause poisoning, diseases, disabilities and even death. Rapid, reliable and cost-effective methods for bacteria detection are of paramount importance in food-safety and environmental monitoring. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) and electrochemical method have been widely used in food-safety and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the recent developments (2013-2023) covering PCR, LFIA and electrochemical method for various bacteria detection (Salmonella, Listeria, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli)) considering different foods types, analytical performances and the reported limit of detection (LOD) are discussed. It is found that the bacteria type and food sample type contribute significantly to the analytical performance and LOD. Detection by LFIA has higher average LOD (24 CFU/ml) than detection by electrochemical method (12 CFU/ml) and PCR (6 CFU/ml). Salmonella and E. coli in the Pseudomonadota domain usually have low LODs. LODs are usually lower for detection in fish and eggs. LFIA with gold and iron nanoparticles are prominent in the majority of articles of 26 CFU/ml and 12 CFU/ml respectively. Electrochemical method reveals that the average LOD is highest for cyclic voltammetry (CV) of 18 CFU/ml), followed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of 12 CFU/ml and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of 8 CFU/ml. LOD usually decreases when replicate number increases until it remain unchanged. Exponential relations with (R²>0.95) between LOD of Listeria in milk by LFIA and electrochemical method with replicate number have been obtained. Finally, the review discusses the challenges and future perspectives (including the role of nanomaterials/advanced materials) to improve the analytical performance for bacterial detection.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1033.v2

Designing Microfluidic PCR Chip Device Using CFD Software for the Detection of Malaria

Meynard R. Austria, Jon Patrick T. Garcia, Lemmuel L. Tayo, Alvin R. Caparanga, Bonifacio Jr T. Doma

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); Plasmodium falciparum; microfluidic chip design

Online: 10 August 2023 (10:30:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0816.v1

Overcoming the Challenges of Lyme Disease Diagnosis: The Role of Phage-based Testing

Jinyu Shan, Ying Jia, Tatjana Mijatovic, Louis Teulières, Martha Clokie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Tick-borne diseases; Lyme disease; Diagnostic methods; PCR; Bacteriophages (phages); Borrelia; Detection limit

Online: 12 June 2023 (10:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0234.v1

The Effects of Antiperspirant Aluminum Chlorohydrate on the Development of Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus epidermidis

Ayse Aras, Suna Sibel Rizvanoglu, Elif Seren Tanriverdi, Basar Karaca, Mujde Eryilmaz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: aluminum chlorohydrate; antibiotic resistance; minimum inhibitory concentration; quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR; Staphylococcus epidermidis

Online: 13 March 2023 (14:04:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0320.v1

Performance Characteristics of Real-time PCRs for African Swine Fever Virus Genome Detection – comparison of Twelve Kits to an OIE Recommended Method

Jutta Pikalo, Tessa Carrau, Paul Deutschmann, Melina Fischer, Kore Schlottau, Martin Beer, Sandra Blome

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: African swine fever virus; laboratory diagnosis; commercial real-time PCR; performance; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 21 December 2021 (09:24:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0538.v1

Health Screening of the Reef Forming Scleractinian Cold-Water Corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata in a Remote Submarine Canyon on the European Continental Margin, NE Atlantic

John Appah, Sharon Lynch, Aaron Lim, Ruth O'Riordan, Luke O'Reilly, Larissa de Oliveira, Andrew James Wheeler

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Lophelia pertusa; Haplosporidia; Vibrio; Rickettsiales-like organisms; Histology; PCR; Pathogen; Cold-water corals

Online: 24 May 2021 (08:20:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0293.v1

Identification of Cryptic Species of Four Candida Complexes in a Culture Collection

Gustavo Fontecha, Kathy Montes, Bryan Ortiz, Celeste Galindo, Sharleen Braham

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Candida spp; cryptic species; Honduras; PCR-RFLP; hwp1 gene; gpi gene; C. auris

Online: 24 November 2019 (16:05:45 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1169.v1

Localized Phase and Elemental Mapping in Solid-State-Lithium-Battery LTO Anode Thin-Film Produced by a Novel Suspension Plasma Spray Approach

Arman Hasani, Shrikant Joshi, Antti Salminen, Sneha Goel, Joakim Reuteler, Malgorzata Grazyna Makowska, Ashish Ganvir

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: Focused ion beam milling; LTO thin-film ceramic solid-state battery electrode; Suspension plasma spraying; Synchrotron micro-X-ray diffraction and micro-X-ray fluorescence; thin films

Online: 15 October 2024 (08:46:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0403.v1

Controllable Preparation of Fused Silica Micro Lens Array by Femtosecond‐Laser‐Induced Modification Assisted Wet Etching

Kaijie Cheng, Ji Wang, Guolong Wang, Kun Yang, Wenwu Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: micro lens array; femtosecond‐laser‐induced modification; wet etching; imaging; fused silica

Online: 6 August 2024 (09:27:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0448.v1

Financial Impact of Personal Electric Transportation Platforms in an Urban Area: A Cohort of Injuries over 18 Months at a Level 1 Urban Trauma Center

Yuval Ran, Dana Niry, Genady Shendler, Itay Blum, Aviad Rabinowich, Dana Stav, Zmira Silman, Amit Benady, Jacob Chen, Adi Brenner

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Financial; policy; planning; injury-prevention; cost; micro-mobility; e-bicycle; e-scooter

Online: 8 May 2024 (11:21:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0970.v1

Generation Mechanism of Hydroxyl Radical in Micro Nano Bubbles Water and Its Prospect in Drinking Water

Tianzhi Wang, Ci Yang, Peizhe Sun, Mingna Wang, Fawei Lin, Manuel Fiallos, Khu Soon-Thiam

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: micro nano bubbles; hydroxyl radical; drinking water security; pollutants; biofilm; engineering application

Online: 19 February 2024 (14:51:04 CET)

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Micro nano bubbles (MNBs) can generate ·OH in situ, which provides a new idea for the safe and efficient removal of pollutants in water supply systems. However, the difficulty in obtaining stable MNBs causes the low efficiency of ·OH generation, which makes the inability to guarantee the removal efficiency of pollutants. This paper reviews the application research of MNBs technology in water security from three aspects: the generation process of MNBs in water, the generation rule of ·OH during MNBs collapse, and the control mechanism of MNBs on pollutants and biofilms. We found that MNBs generation methods are divided into chemical and mechanical (about 10 kinds) categories, and the instability of bubble size restricts the application of MNBs technology. The generation of ·OH by MNBs is affected by pH, gas source, bubble size, temperature, external stimulation. And pH and external stimulus have more influence on ·OH generation in situ than other factors. Adjusting pH to alkaline or acidic conditions and selecting ozone or oxygen as the gas source can promote the ·OH generation. MNBs’ collapse also releases a large amount of energy, which the temperature and pressure can reach 3000K and 5Gpa respectively, making it efficient to remove ≈90 % of pollutants (i.e., trichloroethylene, benzene, and chlorobenzene). The biofilm can also be removed by physical, chemical, and thermal effect. MNBs technology also has great application potential in drinking water, which can be applied to improve water quality, optimize household water purifiers, and enhance the taste of bottled water. Under the premise of safety, let people of different ages taste, finding that compared with ordinary drinking water, 85.7 % of people think MNBs water is softer, 73.3 % of people think MNBs water is sweeter. This further proves that MNBs water has a great prospect in the drinking water application. This review provides innovative theoretical support for solving the problem of drinking water safety.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0657.v1

Microstructure and Tensile Performance of Iron-Reinforced Polylactic Acid Composite Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication

Sofiane Guessasma, Sofiane Belhabib

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Fused filament fabrication; PLA-iron composite; tensile performance; X-ray micro-tomography

Online: 9 January 2024 (05:19:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0627.v1

Repeatable Acoustic Vaporization of Coated Perfluorocarbon Bubbles for Micro-Actuation Inspired by Polypodium aureum

Se-Yun Jeong, Han-Bok Seo, Myung-Hyun Seo, Jin-Woo Cho, Seho Kwon, Gihun Son, Seung-Yop Lee

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: acoustic droplet vaporization; Polypodium aureum; perfluorocarbon; DDFP; contrast agent; micro actuator; microbot

Online: 8 January 2024 (13:24:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0815.v1

Effect of Combined Addition of CeLa and GdY on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Cast Al-Cu-Mn Alloys

Haiyang Zhang, Mingdong Wu, Zeyu Li, Yang Huang, Daihong Xiao, Lanping Huang, Wensheng Liu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: Al-Cu-Mn casting alloy; Rare earth micro-alloying; Microstructure; Mechanical properties

Online: 13 November 2023 (12:04:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0679.v1

Using a 3D Silicon Micro-Channel Device and Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Whole Blood and Abnormal Blood

Chao-Ching Chiang, Song-Jeng Huang, Philip Nathaniel Immanuel Nathaniel Immanuel, Jun-Han Lan, Fang-Yuh Lo, Kung-Chia Young

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: blood testing, biological information; hemoglobin; Raman spectroscopy; 3D Silicon micro-channel device

Online: 10 November 2023 (07:26:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1749.v1

Mitigating Stress Corrosion Cracking of 304L and 316L Laser Welds by Micro-shot Peening

Chia-Ying Kang, Tai-Cheng Chen, Ren-Kae Shiue, Leu-Wen Tsay

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: cold-rolling, laser weld, micro-shot peening, stress corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion

Online: 27 October 2023 (12:55:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0455.v1

Preparation and Electrocatalytic Activity of Bimetallic Ni-Cu Micro- and Nanoparticles

Nina M. Ivanova, Zainulla M. Muldakhmetov, Yelena A. Soboleva, Yakha A. Vissurkhanova, Moldir E. Beisenbekova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: Bimetallic micro- and nanoparticles; chemical successive reduction; electrocatalysts; electrocatalytic hydrogenation; p-aminophenol

Online: 7 July 2023 (08:21:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1331.v1

The Central Fluid Percussion Brain Injury in a Gyrencephalic Pig Brain; Scalable Diffuse Injury and Tissue Viability for Glial Cell Immunolabeling Following Long-Term Refrigerated Storage

Mark Pavlichenko, Audrey D. Lafrenaye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Traumatic brain injury; Axonal injury; Micro pig; Diffuse pathology; Microglia; Aged tissue

Online: 18 May 2023 (10:33:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1313.v1

Flexible Micro-Structured Capacitive Pressure Sensors by Laser Engraving and Graphitization from Natural Wood

Chenkai Qu, Meilan Lu, Ziyan Zhang, Shangbi Chen, Dewen Liu, Dawei Zhang, Jing Wang, Bin Sheng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Paper, Wood And Textiles Keywords: laser induced graphene; flexible pressure sensor; micro-structures; capacitance sensors; laser engraving

Online: 18 May 2023 (09:35:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0045.v1

Harnessing the Digital Nature of Micro-Credentials in Higher Education

Syed Adnan Ali, Rehan Khan

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Micro-credentials; Higher Education; Online Learning; E-learning; MOOCs; Digital Learning Ecosystems

Online: 2 March 2023 (12:40:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0141.v1

Micro Language Planning for Sustainable Early English Language Education: A Case Study on Chinese Educators' Agency

Luyao Liang, Hui Li, Alice Chik

Subject: Social Sciences, Language And Linguistics Keywords: micro language planning; educator agency; Chinese kindergarten; sustainable language policy and planning

Online: 12 September 2022 (09:48:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0064.v1

Training Computers to See the Built Environment Related to Physical Activity: Detection of Micro-Scale Walkability Features Using Computer Vision

Marc A. Adams, Christine B. Phillips, Akshar Patel, Ariane Middel

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Computer vision; Google Street View; Built Environment; Walkability; Micro-scale; Deep learning

Online: 3 March 2022 (13:49:08 CET)

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