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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0739.v1

An Improved Fault Diagnosis Approach for Pumps Based on Neural Networks with Improved Adaptive Activation Function

Fangfang Zhang, Yebin Li, Dongri Shan, Yuanhong Liu, Fengying Ma

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Deep learning; fault diagnosis; adaptive activation function; pumping unit

Online: 9 August 2023 (07:22:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0926.v1

An Organizational Diagnosis for Change Readiness: A Case of the Department of Special Education Government of Punjab

Sahib Khan, Muhammad Uzair Ul Hassan, Iram Parveen, Rozita Abdul Mutalib, Masood Ahmad Khan

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Human Resources And Organizations Keywords: Organizational Diagnosis; Special Education; Readiness for change; Weisbord’s model

Online: 12 May 2023 (10:28:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0128.v1

A Comparison of Signal Analysis Techniques for the Diagnostics of IMS Rolling Element Bearing Dataset

Diletta Sacerdoti, Matteo Strozzi, Cristian Secchi

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: vibrations; condition monitoring; rolling element bearings; signals; fault diagnosis

Online: 7 April 2023 (13:13:47 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0108.v1

Towards a Biological Definition of Parkinson’s Disease

Günter U. Höglinger, Charles H. Adler, Daniela Berg, Christine Klein, Tiago F. Outeiro, Werner Poewe, Ronald Postuma, Jon Stoessl, Anthony E. Lang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; genetics; α-synuclein; neurodegeneration; clinical manifestation; diagnosis

Online: 7 April 2023 (03:54:11 CEST)

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With the growing hope that disease-modifying treatments could target the molecular basis of neurodegenerative diseases even before the onset of symptoms, there is mounting pressure to define disease entities based on pathophysiology rather than on clinical syndromes. The Alzheimer’s disease research community has recently transitioned from diagnostic criteria based on an amnestic syndrome to a purely biomarker-based disease definition, relying on the demonstration of amyloid-beta pathology, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration. In contrast, current diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease still rely on the presence of the well-described clinical syndrome of parkinsonism, with the addition of characteristic motor- and non-motor signs and symptoms. However, there is now unequivocal evidence that Parkinson’s disease starts years before the onset of parkinsonism. Furthermore, neuropathologically defined Lewy body disease is clinically heterogeneous, combining a range of motor, non-motor, dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic features. Finally, clinically defined Parkinson’s disease has diverse underlying etiologies most, but not all, associated with α-synuclein positive Lewy pathology. In light of recent scientific advances, we propose a biologically based definition for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, initially to be used for research purposes. The criteria use a three-component ‘G-S-N’ system. The first is documentation of defined gene variants (‘G’), which cause or strongly predispose to PD as the most upstream component. The second is α-synuclein pathology (‘S’), currently defined as pathological α-synuclein deposition in tissue or positive α-synuclein seeding assays. The third is evidence of underlying neurodegeneration (‘N’), currently defined by specific neuroimaging procedures. The associated clinical syndrome (‘C’) is defined by a single high-specificity feature or multiple lower-specificity features. Initiating this transition will enable the field to fuel both basic and clinical research and move closer to the precision medicine required to develop clinically meaningful disease-modifying therapies. We acknowledge current limitations, ethical implications, and the need for prospective validation of this approach.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0109.v1

Clinical Diagnosis for Chikungunya Infection: An Essential Aid in a Primary Care Setting Where Serological Confirmation Is Not Available

Juan C. Rueda, Ingris Peláez-Ballestas, Jose-Ignacio Angarita, Ana M. Santos, Carlos Pinzon, Eugenia-Lucia Saldarriaga, Jorge M. Rueda, Elias Forero, Diego L. Saaibi, Paula X. Pavía, Marta Juliana Mantilla, Gustavo Rodríguez-Salas, Juan Camilo Santacruz, Igor Rueda, Mario H. Cardiel, John Londono

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Chikungunya virus; diagnosis; arbovirus infections; clinical decision making; Colombia

Online: 6 March 2023 (15:17:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0431.v1

Management of Bladder Cancer Patients with Clinical Evidence of Lymph Node Invasion (cN+)

Bartosz Małkiewicz, Adam Gurwin, Jakub Karwacki, Krystian Nagi, Klaudia Knecht-Gurwin, Krzysztof Hober, Magdalena Łyko, Kamil Kowalczyk, Wojciech Krajewski, Anna Kołodziej, Tomasz Szydełko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: bladder cancer; clinically positive lymph nodes; diagnosis; treatment; lymphadenectomy

Online: 25 August 2022 (10:05:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0213.v1

The Big Picture

Beth Alderman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Toxicity; Diagnosis; Personal care; Patient encounter; Patient-based medicine

Online: 16 May 2022 (14:06:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0309.v1

Desertification in Spain: A Sound Diagnosis Unfollowed by Solutions

Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Gabriel del Barrio, Maria E. Sanjuán, Emilio Guirado, Fernando T. Maestre

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: combat desertification; diagnosis; socioeconomic factors; convergence of evidence; agriculture

Online: 20 January 2022 (14:36:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0434.v1

The Importance of Screening for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer: Epidemiological Review

Navneetha Hardikar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Ovarian Cancer; Epidemiology; Risk Factors; Screening; Diagnosis, Mortality; Incidence

Online: 28 October 2021 (11:41:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0573.v1

A Surgical Pen-Type Probe Design for Real-Time Optical Diagnosis of Tumor Status using 5-Aminolevulinic acid

Ki-Cheol Yoon, Kwang Gi Kim, Seung Hoon Lee

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fluorescence microscopy; fluorescence emission, malignant tumor, diagnosis, animal experiment

Online: 21 April 2021 (11:47:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0557.v1

Design of a Surgical Pen-Type Probe for Real-Time Diagnosis of Vascular Flow Using Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescence Dye

Ki-Cheol Yoon, Kwang Gi Kim, Seung Hoon Lee

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fluorescence microscopy; fluorescence emission; malignant tumor; diagnosis; animal experiment

Online: 21 April 2021 (08:30:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0324.v1

Artificial Neural Network Analysis of Geo Database in Diagnosing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

zhoujing zhang, di xu, Ozioma Akakuru, wenjing xu, yewei zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Papillary thyroid carcinoma; bioinformatics analysis; artificial neural network; diagnosis

Online: 11 March 2021 (16:08:01 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Nursing Epidemiological Approach of Hypertension Management in a Public Health Service from the Northern Region of Portugal

Pedro Melo, Dário Miranda, Sandra Santos, Sérgio Sousa, Teresa Cardoso, Alexandra Pereira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: public health nursing; epidemiological surveillance; nursing diagnosis; arterial hypertension

Online: 7 December 2020 (08:22:22 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0298.v1

Emergence of the First Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreak Among Livestock in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2016.

Arman Issimov, Nurkuisa Rametov, Kuandyk Zhugunissov, Lespek Kutumbetov, Assylbek Zhanabayev, Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev, Birzhan Nurgaliyev, Malik Shalmenov, Gaisa Absatirov, Laura Dushayeva, Aliya Akhmetaliyeva, Abzal Kereyev, Peter White

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: control measures; diagnosis; epidemiological data; Kazakhstan; lumpy skin disease

Online: 10 November 2020 (10:13:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0450.v2

False-negative Molecular Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in Samples with Amplification Inhibitors

Marcelo Fruehwirth, Açucena Veleh Rivas, Andressa Faria Rahyn Fitz, Aline Cristiane Cechinel Assing Batista, Cleypson Vinicius Silveira, Robson Michael Delai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; rRT-PCR; dilution; viral diagnosis; RNA extraction

Online: 16 October 2020 (11:48:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0516.v1

A Systematic Review on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Hira Karim, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Coronavirus, sequence homology, transmission, virology, diagnosis, virus control, vaccination.

Online: 24 August 2020 (09:31:38 CEST)

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Emerging and reemerging pathogens is a global challenge for public health. Recently, a novel coronavirus disease emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, in December 2019. It is named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO). It is known to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are structurally more complicated as compared to other RNA viruses. This viral epidemic has led to the deaths of many, including the elderly or those with chronic disease or compromised immunity. Viruses cause infection and diseases in humans of varying degrees, upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) cause common cold while lower respiratory tract infections induce pneumonia, bronchitis, and even severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The costs of COVID-19 are not limited. It equally affects all the medical, sociological, psychological, and economic aspects globally. This is regarded as the third deadly outbreak in the last two decades after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS (2002–2003) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome MERS (2012). Based on the sequence homology of SARS-CoV-2, different animal sources including bats, snakes, and pangolins have been reported as potential carriers of this viral strain. Real-time RT-PCR represents the primary method for the diagnosis of new emerging viral strain SARS-CoV-2. The transmission dynamics suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted from person-to-person through direct contact or coughing, sneezing, and by respiratory droplets. Several anti-viral treatments including lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, chloroquine phosphate, and abidor are also suggested with different recommendations and prescriptions. Protective and preventive strategies as suggested by various health organization i.e. WHO and US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) must be adopted by everyone. This review covers the important aspects of novel COVID-19 including characteristics, virology, symptoms, diagnostics, clinical aspects, transmission dynamics, and protective measures of COVID-19.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0395.v1

Rapid Diagnosis of Capnocytophaga canimorsus Septic Shock in an Immunocompetent Individual Using Real-Time Nanopore Sequencing

Seweryn Bialasiewicz, Tania P.S. Duarte, Son H. Nguyen, Vichitra Sukumaran, Alexandra Stewart, Sally Appleton, Miranda E. Pitt, Arnold Bainomugisa, Amy V. Jennison, Rikki Graham, Lachlan J.M. Coin, Krispin Hajkowicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: nanopore sequencing; droplet digital PCR; Capnocytophaga canimorsus; diagnosis; sepsis

Online: 16 November 2018 (09:45:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0169.v1

A Longitudinal Approach to Biological Psychiatric Research: The PsyCourse Study

Monika Budde, Heike Anderson-Schmidt, Katrin Gade, Daniela Reich-Erkelenz, Kristina Adorjan, Janos L. Kalman, Fanny Senner, Sergi Papiol, Till F. M. Andlauer, Ashley L. Comes, Eva C. Schulte, Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam , Anna Gryaznova, Maria Hake, Kim Bartholdi, Laura Flatau, Markus Reitt, Silke Quast, Sophia Stegmaier, Milena Meyers, Barbara Emons, Ida Sybille Haußleiter, Georg Juckel, Vanessa Nieratschker, Udo Dannlowski, Max Schmauß, Jörg Zimmermann, Jens Reimer, Sybille Schulz, Jens Wiltfang, Eva Reininghaus, Ion-George Anghelescu, Volker Arolt, Bernhard T. Baune, Carsten Konrad, Andreas Thiel, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Christian Figge, Martin von Hagen, Manfred Koller, Fabian U. Lang, Moritz E. Wigand, Thomas Becker, Markus Jäger, Detlef E. Dietrich, Sebastian Stierl, Harald Scherk, Carsten Spitzer, Here Folkerts, Stephanie H. Witt, Franziska Degenhardt, Andreas J. Forstner, Marcella Rietschel, Markus M. Nöthen, Peter Falkai, Thomas G. Schulze, Urs Heilbronner

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Schizophrenia; bipolar; psychosis; depression; polygenic risk score; diagnosis; RDoC

Online: 27 October 2017 (11:58:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0124.v1

Evaluation of Electrical Tree Degradation in Cable Insulation using Weibull Process of Propagation Time

Donguk Jang, Seonghee Park

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: partial discharge; Weibull distribution; XLPE cable; electric tree; diagnosis

Online: 25 September 2017 (16:47:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1903.v1

Redefining Peptide 14D: Substitutional Analysis for Accelerated TB Diagnosis and Enhanced Activity against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Kai Hilpert, Tulika Munshi, Paula M López-Pérez, Joana Sequeira-Garcia, Tim J Bull

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial peptide; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Diagnosis; Spot synthesis; Substitution Analysis; TB; anti TB compound

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:19:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0606.v1

Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy for Early Gastric Cancer

Mitsuhiro Fujishiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: early gastric cancer; gastric cancer screening; endoscopic diagnosis; endoscopic mucosal resection; endoscopic submucosal dissection

Online: 12 February 2024 (08:10:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1960.v1

The Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Glaucoma – An Update

Karen Allison, Kevin Andrew Morabito, Margaret M. DeAngelis, Deepkumar Patel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Glaucoma; epidemiology of glaucoma; open angle glaucoma; blindness; disparities in glaucoma treatment and diagnosis

Online: 28 December 2023 (02:26:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0313.v1

The Complex World of Emaraviruses – Challenges, Insights and Prospects

Marius Rehanek, David G. Karlin, Martina Bandte, Rim Al Kubrusli, Shaheen Nourinejhad Zarghani, Thierry Candresse, Carmen Büttner, Susanne Von Bargen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: diagnosis; distribution; emaraviruses; forest trees; Fimoviridae; genome organization; phylogenetic relations; protein domains; symptomatology; transmission

Online: 20 October 2022 (14:09:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0556.v1

Leukemia Cutis—the Current View on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

Ewa Robak, Marcin Braun, Tadeusz Robak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: acute leukemia; chronic leukemia; cutis; diagnosis; pathogenesis; prolympchocytic leukemia; Richter transformation; skin lesions; treatment

Online: 10 October 2023 (05:36:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0315.v1

Fuzzy and Neural Network Approaches to Wind Turbine Fault Diagnosis

Saverio Farsoni, Silvio Simani, Paolo Castaldi

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fuzzy systems; neural networks; fault diagnosis; data--driven approaces; robustness and reliability; wind turbine

Online: 13 May 2021 (17:39:44 CEST)

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The fault diagnosis of safety critical systems such as wind turbine installations includes extremely challenging aspects that motivate the research issues considered in this paper. In fact, the prompt detection and the reliable diagnosis of faults in their earlier occurrence represent the key point especially for offshore installations. For these plants, operation and maintenance procedures in harsh environments would inevitably increase the cost of the energy production. Therefore, this work investigates fault diagnosis solutions that are considered in a viable way and used as advanced techniques for condition monitoring of dynamic processes. To this end, the work proposes the design of fault diagnosis strategies that exploit the estimation of the fault by means of data--driven approaches. This solution leads to the development of effective methods allowing the management of partially unknown information of the system dynamics, while coping with measurement errors, the model--reality mismatch and other disturbance effects. In mode detail, the proposed data--driven methodologies exploit fuzzy systems and neural networks in order to estimate the nonlinear dynamic relations between the input and output measurements of the considered process and the faults. To this end, the fuzzy and neural network structures are integrated with auto--regressive with exogenous input descriptions, thus making them able to approximate unknown nonlinear dynamic functions with arbitrary degree of accuracy. Once these models are estimated from the input and output data measurement acquired from the considered dynamic process, the capabilities of their fault diagnosis capabilities are validated by using a high--fidelity benchmark that simulates the healthy and the faulty behaviour of a wind turbine system. Moreover, at this stage the benchmark is also useful to analyse the robustness and the reliability characteristics of the developed tools in the presence of model--reality mismatch and modelling error effects featured by the wind turbine simulator. On the other hand, a hardware--in--the--loop tool is finally implemented for testing and comparing the performance of the developed fault diagnosis strategies in a more realistic environment and with respect to different fault diagnosis approaches.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0305.v3

Mature Triphyllic Cystic Teratoma of the Posterior Mediastinum in a Fetus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cecilia Salzillo, Andrea Quaranta, Giovanni De Biasi, Gerardo Cazzato, Gabriella Serio, Antonella Vimercati, Pierpaolo Nicolì, Leonardo Resta, Andrea Marzullo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: mature triphyllic cystic teratoma; posterior mediastinum; fetal teratoma; germ cell tumor; prenatal diagnosis

Online: 18 September 2023 (07:14:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2216.v1

Fermatean Fuzzy Versions of Tanimoto Similarity Measure and Distance Measure and Their Application to Decision-Making Processes

Hongpeng Wang, Caikuan Tuo, Guoye Feng, Chenglong Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Fermatean fuzzy sets; similarity measures; distance measures; pattern recognition; medical diagnosis; multiple-attribute decision-making

Online: 29 December 2023 (11:56:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0135.v1

Convolutional Neural Networks in Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Colorectal Polyps and Cancer: A Review

Kamyab Keshtkar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: convolutional neural networks (CNNs); deep learning; computer-aided diagnosis; colorectal polyps; colorectal cancer; colonoscopy

Online: 8 October 2021 (10:50:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0334.v1

Enhancing Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture Diagnosis and Treatment Planning: Comparing CT and STIR Sequence MRI

Reka Viola, Siran Aslan, Mohammad Walid Al-Smadi, Árpad Viola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: STIR MRI; CT; Osteoporotic fracture; Spine fracture; Treatment planning; Diagnosis protocol; Surgical intervention; Radiological Assessment; Osteoporosis.

Online: 6 December 2023 (07:14:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1371.v1

Enhancing Transformer Core Fault Diagnosis and Classification through Hilbert Transform Analysis of Electric Current Signals

Daryl Domingo, Akeem Bayo Kareem, Chibuzo Nwabufo Okwuosa, Paul Michael Custodio, Jang-Wook Hur

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: core fault; electrical machines; fault classification; fault diagnosis; Hilbert transform; reliability; signal processing; transformer

Online: 18 January 2024 (11:31:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0269.v1

Contesting the Geneticization Thesis in Human Reproduction: Dealing with Spiral Shaped Processes and Technoscientific Imaginaries

Ido Alon, Jose Guimon, Rosa Urbanos-Garrido

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: assisted reproductive technologies; In-Vitro Fertilization; Delphi; geneticization; Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis; diffusion of innovation

Online: 24 September 2019 (05:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1262.v1

Systems Biology in Cancer Diagnosis Integrating Omics Technologies and Artificial Intelligence to support physician decision-making

Alaa Fawaz, Alessandra Ferraresi, Ciro Isidoro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Artificial intelligence; medical technology; smart health; digital health; omics technologies; imaging; diagnosis; personalized medicine

Online: 19 October 2023 (10:37:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0707.v1

Compressible Diagnosis of the Membrane Fouling Based on the Transfer Entropy

Xiaolong Wu, Dongyang Hou, Hongyan Yang, Honggui Han

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Membrane fouling; diagnosis; causal relationship; root causal variables; transfer entropy

Online: 9 August 2024 (12:19:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1152.v1

A Technical Comparative Heart Disease Prediction Framework Using Boosting Ensemble Techniques

Najmu Nissa, Sanjay Jamwal, Mehdi Neshat

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Heart Disease; Diagnosis, Machine Learning; Boosting; Ensemble learning; Comparative framework

Online: 18 December 2023 (02:45:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1387.v1

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Detection of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures on Lateral Chest Radiographs in Post-menopausal Women

Jenna Silberstein, Cleo Wee, Ashu Gupta, Hannah Seymour, Switinder Singh Ghotra, Claudia Sa Dos Reis, Zhonghua Sun

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: AI; spine fractures; diagnosis; thoracic X-ray; medical imaging; accuracy

Online: 22 November 2023 (08:46:51 CET)

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Post-menopausal women are at risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs), which if undetected and untreated, can lead to significant pain and morbidity. However, OVFs are often not reported by radiologists on routine chest radiographs. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in medical applications with improvements in detection and diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the clinical value of a newly developed AI tool, Ofeye 1.0 for automated detection of OVFs on lateral chest radiographs in post-menopausal women (>60 years) who were referred to undergo chest x-rays for other reasons. A total of 510 de-identified lateral chest radiographs from three clinical sites were retrieved and analysed by Ofeye1.0 tool. These images were then reviewed by a consultant radiologist to decide whether there is any fracture present or not with findings served as the reference standard for determining the diagnostic performance of the AI tool. The percentage of radiologist reports which included the OVF was analysed by comparing diagnostic reports with AI findings, while the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of the AI tool were calculated. Out of all the original radiologist reports, missed OVFs were found in 14% images but were detected by the AI tool. The AI tool demonstrated a relatively high specificity 92.8% (95% CI: 89.6, 95.2%), moderate accuracy 80.3% (95% CI: 76,3, 80.4%), PPV 73.7% (95% CI: 65.2, 80.8%) and NPV 81.5% (95%CI: 79, 83.8%), but low sensitivity 49% (95%CI: 40.7, 57.3%). The high false negative results were mainly due to mild OVFs with <20% vertebral height loss. The new AI software tool has high specificity with a low false positive rate of 5.1%, showing that it can be used as a complimentary tool to the routine diagnostic reports for reduction of missed OVF in elderly women. The low sensitivity with high false negative rates indicate the necessity of radiologist’s in identifying and reporting early OVFs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1692.v1

Cardiovascular Disease Preliminary Diagnosis Application Using SQL Queries: Filling Diagnostic Gaps in Resource-Constrained Environments

Rafał Doniec, Eva Odima Berepiki, Natalia Piaseczna, Szymon Sieciński, Artur Piet, Muhammad Tausif Irshad, Ewaryst Tkacz, Tomasz Cedro, Abid Ali Fareedi, Stéphane Gagnon, Marcin Grzegorzek, Wojciech Glinkowski

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: n/a; Ontology; Database; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diagnosis; Decision Support Systems

Online: 26 October 2023 (10:08:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1583.v1

A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic Potential of Nanobodies

Fatma Haddad, Ghadeer Dokmak, Shahla Kanwal, Rafik Karaman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: nanobody; therapeutic nanobody; production; imaging; diagnosis; single-domain antibodies; VHHs

Online: 25 October 2023 (12:11:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1777.v1

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Latest Automatic Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Carlos Polanco, Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Artificial intelligence; cardiology; deep learning; diagnosis; machine learning; neural networks

Online: 28 August 2023 (10:28:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0446.v1

Autoimmune Encephalitis – a variable pathology

Monica Neațu, Ana Jugurt, Anca Covaliu, Eugenia Irene Davidescu, Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: autoimmune encephalitis; encephalitis symptoms; diagnosis autoimmune encephalitis; treatment autoimmune encephalitis

Online: 7 July 2023 (10:13:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0283.v1

Impact of Protracted Displacement on Delay in the Diagnosis Associated with Treatment Outcomes: A Cross-sectional Study in Internally Displaced Tuberculosis Patients of Pakistan

Faman Ullah Khan, Faiz Ullah Khan, Khezar Hayat, Jie Chang, Muhammad Kamran, Asad Khan, Usman Rashid Malik, Asif Khan, Yu Fang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Tuberculosis; Delay in diagnosis; Treatment outcomes; Internally displaced TB patients.

Online: 16 September 2021 (12:26:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0149.v1

New Perspectives in Imaging of Uveal Melanoma

Malgorzata Solnik, Natalia Paduszynska, Anna M. Czarnecka, Kamil J. Synoradzki, Yacoub A. Yousef, Tomasz Choragiewicz, Robert Rejdak, Mario Damiano Toro, Katarzyna Dyndor, Michal Fiedorowicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: uveal melanoma; diagnosis; imaging; MRI; PET; CT; SPECT; OCT; ultrasonography

Online: 8 September 2021 (12:38:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0604.v2

RT-qPCR Diagnostics: The “Drosten” Sars-Cov-2 Assay Paradigm

Stephen Bustin, Sara Kirvell, Jim F Huggett, Tania Nolan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; reverse transcription; qPCR; SARS-CoV-2; molecular diagnosis

Online: 3 August 2021 (15:34:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0409.v1

Atypical Clinical Presentation of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: A 5-year Case-Series

Jerome R. Lechien, Stephane Hans, Francois Bobin, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Sven Saussez, Petros D. Karkos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Reflux; Laryngopharyngeal; Clinical; Atypical; Nasal; Otological; Respiratory; Management; Treatment; Diagnosis

Online: 15 April 2021 (12:08:19 CEST)

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Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common disease in otolaryngology characterized by an inflammatory reaction of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract caused by digestive refluxate enzymes. LPR has been identified as etiological or favoring factor of laryngeal, oral, sinonasal or otological diseases. In this case-series, we reported atypical clinical presentation of LPR in patients presenting in our clinic with reflux. Methods: A retrospective medical chart review of 351 patients with LPR treated in the European Reflux Clinic in Brussels, Poitiers and Paris was performed. In order to be included, patients had to report atypical clinical presentation of LPR, consisting of symptoms or findings that are not described in reflux symptom score and reflux sign assessment. The LPR diagnosis was confirmed with 24-hour hypopharyngeal-esophageal impedance pH-study and patients were treated with a combination of diet, proton pump inhibitors and alginates. The atypical symptoms or findings had to be resolved from pre- to posttreatment Results: From 2017 to 2021, 21 patients with atypical LPR were treated in our center. The clinical presentation consisted of recurrent aphthosis or burning mouth (N=9), recurrent burps and abdominal disorders (N=2), posterior nasal obstruction (N=2), recurrent acute suppurative otitis media (N=2), severe vocal fold dysplasia (N=2), and recurrent acute rhinopharyngitis (N=1), tearing (N=1), aspirations (N=1) or tracheobronchitis (N=1). Abnormal upper aerodigestive tract reflux events were identified in all of these patients. Atypical clinical findings resolved and did not recur after an adequate anti-reflux treatment. Conclusion: LPR may present with various clinical presentations including mouth, eye, tracheobronchial, nasal or laryngeal findings, which may all regress with an adequate treatment. Future studies are needed to better specify the relationship between LPR and these atypical findings through analyses identifying gastroduodenal enzyme in the enflamed tissue.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0364.v1

Management of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: A Practical Algorithm Management for Primary care Physicians

Jerome R Lechien, Sven Saussez, Vinciane Muls, Maria R Barillari, Carlos M. Chiesa-Estomba, Stephane Hans, Petros Karkos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Reflux; Laryngopharyngeal; Gastroesophageal; Primary Care; Physician; Mangement; General; Treatment; Diagnosis.

Online: 19 October 2020 (10:32:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0493.v1

Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnostics from Retinal Images based on Deep Convolutional Networks

G. Arun Sampaul Thomas, Y. Harold Robinson, E. Golden Julie, Vimal Shanmuganathan, Yunyoung Nam, Seungmin Rho

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Convolutional Neural Networks; Dental Diagnosis; Image Recognition; Diabetic Retinopathy detection

Online: 31 May 2020 (18:55:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0349.v1

A Robust Deep Learning-Based Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Machinery

Greg Smith, John Lundberg, Masayoshi Shibatani

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: fault diagnosis; deep learning; domain adapta-tion; gearbox; current signal

Online: 22 May 2020 (05:37:13 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0358.v1

Energy Diagnosis of University Buildings: Renewable Energy Institute from UNAM

Oscar González, Miguel Morales, Carla Seefoó, David Morillón, Hugo Valdés

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: energy diagnosis; energy efficiency; UNAM; IER; energy consumption and demand

Online: 19 July 2018 (11:36:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0471.v1

Fluorescent Aptamers for Detection and Treatment of Pathogenic Bacteria and Cancer

Aarushi Sharma, Grace Ramena

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aptamer; aptasensor; diagnosis; imaging; sequencing; therapeutics; probes; fluorescence; pathogenic bacteria; cancer cells; monoclonal antibodies; SELEX; nucleic acids

Online: 25 January 2021 (10:18:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1849.v3

Psychosocial Factors in Evidence-based Management Interventions and Policymaking: The COPSOQ III Greek Validation Study

Aristomenis Kotsakis, Demetris Avraam, Maria Malliarou, Constantinos Halkiopoulos, Michael Galanakis, Michael Sfakianakis, Elpidoforos S. Soteriades

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: COPSOQ; Psychosocial Stress; Risk Assessment; Work Factors; Greek Validation Study; Organizational Diagnosis; Psychosocial Risk Management; Psychosocial Work Environment; Work Environment; Emerging Risks; Psychosocial Risk Analytics; Management Interventions; Human-risk Monitoring; Psychosocial Wellbeing

Online: 14 October 2024 (05:22:48 CEST)

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Background: Over the past two decades, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) has been established as a valid instrument to measure psychosocial stress at work. Currently, the COPSOQ international network is responsible for monitoring and improving COPSOQ. In 2019, a new questionnaire was published, and the Greek version is now being validated. Methods: The measurement qualities of the Greek COPSOQ III have been explored in accordance with the usual requirements of a validation study as defined by DIN EN ISO 10075-3. A sample of observations from 2,189 participants surveyed with the COPSOQ in Greece was used to validate the current version with appropriate statistical analyses. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the statistical relationships for many scales. Results: With its 108 items and 40 scales, the Greek COPSOQ III includes all psychosocial work factors that have been internationally validated and remain compatible with approximately 72% of the COPSOQ III German version content. In addition to the primary results, congruence with widely used theoretical approaches such as the demand-control (−support) model (DCM) or the job demands-resources model (JDR) is generally satisfactory. In summary, our validation study for the Greek COPSOQ III version showed adequate reliability and validity, which is in line with the findings of the COPSOQ III questionnaire from other European countries, and it is also compatible with the validation of the German COPSOQ III (Lincke, 2021). Our regression analysis revealed that 34 psychosocial work factors (34 “context” scales) could adequately predict the scores of the satisfactory and health scales (6 “outcome” scales). The analysis also revealed the top five (5) predictors (context variables) for each of the six (6) “effect” scales (outcome variables). Conclusions: With the launch of COPSOQ III in Greece, current and new workplace psychosocial aspects could be explored. COPSOQ III (GR) is a beneficial instrument for enterprise research and risk assessment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0752.v1

Mass Spectrometry-based Proteomic and Immunoproteomic Analyses of the Candida albicans Hyphal Secretome Reveal Diagnostic Biomarker Candidates for Invasive Candidiasis

Catarina Vaz, Aida Pitarch, Emilia Gómez-Molero, Ahinara Amador-García, Michael Weig, Oliver Bader, Lucía Monteoliva, Concha Gil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Candida albicans; invasive candidiasis; secretome; secreted proteins; hypha; diagnosis; biomarkers; immunoproteomics; SERPA; serologic response.

Online: 31 May 2021 (11:40:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2470.v1

Protein Biomarkers of Gastric Preneoplasia and Cancer Lesions in Blood: A Comprehensive Review

Thomas Bazin, Karine Nozeret, Catherine Julie, Dominique Lamarque, Eliette Touati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: liquid biopsy; proteins; plasma/serum; atrophic gastritis; intestinal metaplasia; dysplasia; early gastric cancer; diagnosis; prevention

Online: 30 July 2024 (17:00:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0324.v1

Breast and Colon Cancer Classification from Gene Expression Profiles Using Data Mining Techniques

Mohamed Loey, Mohammed Wajeeh Jasim, Hazem M. EL-Bakry, Mohamed Hamed N. Taha, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: machine learning; cancer diagnosis; grey wolf; optimization algorithm; support vector machine; information gain; feature selection

Online: 23 February 2020 (13:21:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0198.v1

Finding the Proportion of Females with Autistic Spectrum Disorder Who Develop Anorexia Nervosa, the True Prevalence of Female ASD and Its Clinical Significance.

Robert McCrossin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: autistic spectrum disorder; anorexia nervosa; female; prevalence; Bayes’ Theorem; diagnosis; management; generalized joint hypermobility.

Online: 10 November 2022 (11:02:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0155.v1

COVID-19 Testing: Challenges, Limitations and Suggestions for Improvement

Emily Hu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; False-negative; Nucleic Acid Test; Screening; Diagnostic Accuracy; Missed Diagnosis; Epidemic; Infectious Disease

Online: 9 April 2020 (14:37:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0323.v1

utPCR: A Strategy for Highly Specific and Absolutely Quantitative Detection of Single Molecules within Only Minutes

Rui Wang, Ying Liu, Shuaiwei Chen, Linlin Bai, Kaiming Guo, Yanan Pang, Feng Qian, Yongfang Li, Li Ding, Yongming Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Ultrafast PCR; droplet digital PCR (ddPCR); single-molecule detection; bloodstream infection; absolute quantification; molecular diagnosis

Online: 6 September 2023 (04:20:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0122.v1

Ensuring Explainability and Dimensionality Reduction in a Multidimensional HSI World for Early XAI-diagnostics of Plant Stress

Maxim Lysov, Konstantin Pukhkiy, Evgeny Vasiliev, Alexandra Getmanskaya, Vadim Turlapov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: explainable artificial intelligence; hyperspectral image; thermal IR training; zero-shot learning; plant stress; early diagnosis

Online: 6 January 2023 (09:56:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0364.v1

Expression and Signaling Pathways of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) And Pro-NGF in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

Francesco Bruno, Domenico Arcuri, Francesca Vozzo, Antonio Malvaso, Alberto Montesanto, Raffaele Maletta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: breast cancer; Nerve Growght Factor (NGF); TrkA; p75NTR; NGFR; pro-NGF; angiogenesis; invasion; metastasis; diagnosis; prognosis; treatment

Online: 23 September 2022 (09:18:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0061.v1

Handheld Ultra-Fast duplex PCR assays and Lateral flow detection and identification of Leishmania parasites for cutaneous leishmanisis diagnosis

Insaf Bel Hadj Ali, Yusr Saadi Ben Aoun, Zeineb Hammami, Oumayma Rhouma, Ahmed Sahbi Chakroun, Ikram Guizani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniases; Molecular diagnosis; Point of care; Leishmania; Molecular target; Palm PCR; Duplex PCR; Lateral Flow immunoassay

Online: 2 October 2023 (09:43:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0449.v1

Hongpeng Wang, Chenglong Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Pythagorean fuzzy sets; Tanimoto similarity measure; distance measure; pattern recognition; medical diagnosis; multi-attribute decision-making

Online: 5 January 2024 (12:02:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0390.v1

A Closed-loop Approach to Fight Coronavirus: Early Detection and Subsequent Treatment

Guoguang Rong, Yuqiao Zheng, Xi Yang, Kangjian Bao, Fen Xia, Huihui Ren, Sumin Bian, Lan Li, Bowen Zhu, Mohamad Sawan

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Biosensing; Coronaviru; , SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Early diagnosis; Epidemic control; Respiration monitor; Photoacoustic imaging; Neurostimulation

Online: 23 August 2022 (03:44:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0062.v1

The Prognostic Role of Diagnostic Criteria for COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study

Erika Asperges, Rebecca Pesare, Cecilia Bassoli, Matteo Calia, Sonia Lerta, Francesco Citiolo, Giuseppe Albi, Caterina Cavanna, Paolo Sacchi, Raffaele Bruno

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; pulmonary aspergillosis; case definitions; CAPA; certain/probable/possible diagnosis

Online: 2 January 2024 (09:46:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2268.v1

Preemptive Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease through DaT Scans using InceptionV3-based Convolutional Neural Networks

Ashmita Appineni, Aditya Gupta

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Parkinson Disease; Machine Learning; Artificial Intelligence; InceptionV3; DaT Scans; Parkinson Diagnosis

Online: 29 December 2023 (08:34:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0323.v1

Improving Prenatal Diagnosis Precision for Congenital Clubfoot by Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography

Yoo-min Kim, Ji Su Seong, Ji Hoi Kim, Na Mi Lee, In Ho Choi, Yejin Cho, Gina Nam, Gwang Jun Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: clubfoot; congenital abnormalities; three-dimensional ultrasound; foot malpositions; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasound

Online: 6 December 2023 (07:57:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1353.v1

Diagnosis of Multiple Open-Circuit Faults in Three phase Induction Machine Drive Systems Based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Algorithm

Badii Gmati, Amine Ben Rhouma, Houda Meddeb, Sejir Khojet El Khil

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Fault Diagnosis; Power Converters; Open-Circuit Fault; Deep Learning; AC drives

Online: 21 November 2023 (15:16:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1473.v1

Remote Diagnosis on Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Based on Neural Network with Few Symptom Words – a Feasibility Study

Chung-Hung Tsai, Kuan-Hung Liu, Da-Chuan Cheng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: natural language; remote diagnosis; GPT-2 model; deep learning; symptom words

Online: 24 October 2023 (08:34:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0628.v1

Evaluation of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) in Urine Samples for the Diagnosis of Imported Schistosomiasis

Joaquín Salas-Coronas, María Pilar Luzón-García, Beatriz Crego-Vicente, Manuel Jesús Soriano-Pérez, Begoña Febrer-Sendra, José Vázquez-Villegas, Juan García-Bernalt Diego, María Isabel Cabeza-Barrera, Nerea Castillo-Fernández, Antonio Muro, María Dolores Bargues, Pedro Fernández-Soto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: imported schistosomiasis; diagnosis; LAMP; immunocromatographic rapid test; microscopy; Latent Class Analysis.

Online: 8 August 2023 (09:13:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0288.v1

Identifying the Common Cell-Free DNA Biomarkers across Seven Major Cancer Types

Mingyu Luo, Yining Liu, Min Zhao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Early cancer diagnosis; cell free DNA; biomarker; integrative biology; pan cancer

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:20:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1832.v1

A Review of CAD systems for Breast Mass Detection in Mammography Based on Deep Learning

Shahriar Mohammadi, Mohammad Ahmadi Livani

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Breast cancer; convolution neural networks; computer-aided diagnosis systems; segmentation; classification

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:50:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0189.v1

Machine Learning of Raman Spectroscopy Data for Classifying Cancers: a Review of the Recent Literature

Nathan Blake, Riana Gaifulina, Lewis D. Griffin, Ian M. Bell, Geraint M. H. Thomas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Raman Spectroscopy; Medical application; Disease screening and diagnosis; Machine learning analyses

Online: 13 May 2022 (10:17:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0257.v1

Cautionary Observations Concerning the Introduction of Psychophysiological Biomarkers into Neuropsychiatric Practice

Paul E. Rapp, Christopher Cellucci, David Darmon, David Keyser

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: biomarkers; electroencephalography; event related potentials; heart rate variability; diagnosis; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 17 March 2022 (15:19:38 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0693.v1

COVID-19 Clinical Practice Guidelines Hadhramout Initiative Against Corona Group (HIAC Group)

Abdulla A. Baradwan, Khalid H. Ba-Msahell, Iman A. Ba-Saddik, Ibrahim Albakri, Hassan O. Batis, Ahmed Babiqai, Ahmed Al habshi, Shaker Bajaber, Ahmed M. Badheeb

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; HIAC Recommendation; Diagnosis; Treatment; Discharge Management

Online: 26 April 2021 (20:42:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0216.v1

Diagnosis of Composite Materials in Aircraft Applications–Brief Survey of Recent Literature

Muflih Alhammad, Luca Zanotti Fragonara, Nicolas P Avdelidis

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Failure Diagnosis; Aircraft Applications; Composite Materials; Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques

Online: 5 November 2020 (14:53:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0164.v1

An Anti-Noise Fault Diagnosis Method of Bearing based on Multi-Scale 1DCNN

Jie Cao, Zhidong He, Jinhua Wang, Ping Yu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: intelligent fault diagnosis; bearing; anti-noise; one-dimensional convolution neural network

Online: 6 August 2020 (11:42:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0211.v1

Mass Antibody Detection: Can It be An Avenger for Infectivity War against COVID-19

Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi, Sneha Ghosh, Nahid Ali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; diagnosis; ELISA; RDT; point-of-care test; antibody; proteins

Online: 17 June 2020 (08:36:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0328.v1

Ultrasensitive ELISA Developed for Diagnosis

Kanako Iha, Mikio Inada, Naoki Kawada, Kazunari Nakaishi, Satoshi Watabe, Yong Hong Tan, Chieh Shen, Liang-Yin Ke, Teruki Yoshimura, Etsuro Ito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: adiponectin; diagnosis; HIV; insulin; non-amplification nucleic acid detection; ultrasensitive ELISA

Online: 28 May 2019 (10:18:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0449.v1

Determination of Intestinal Mass by Region Growing Method

Ali Yasar, Ismail Saritas, Huseyin Korkmaz

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD); image processing; region growing segmentation; intestinal mass

Online: 30 May 2018 (10:23:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0166.v1

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-based Detector in Application of Intensive Care Unit Clinics

Ting Li, Fulin Zhong, Zishan Deng, Boan Pan, Zebin Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: optoelectronic sensor; near-infrared spectroscopy; thrombus diagnosis; shock monitoring; fatigue evaluation

Online: 26 April 2017 (06:05:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2231.v1

Alzheimer Stage Diagnosis from Genomic and Clinical Data Modalities Using ‘Artificial Neural Network’

Manash Sarma, Subarna Chatterjee

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: disease stage diagnosis; blood gene expression; data imbalance; multiclassification; F1 score; AD risk gene; SHAP; LIME

Online: 3 September 2024 (05:01:42 CEST)

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INTRODUCTION: This study focusses on diagnosis of stages of AD (Alzheimer’s disease) including MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) from two data modalities - gene expression and clinical data of ADNI (Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ) participants using multiclassification. The gene expression dataset is highly imbalanced and of HDLSS (high-dimensional and low-sample-size) characteristics. This is the only study where multiclassification based AD stage diagnosis is done to identify multiple stages of Alzheimer. We are able to achieve the best multiclassification result in both the modalities and identify new genetic biomarkers. METHODS: Combination of XGBoost and SFBS (“Sequential Floating Backward Selection”) methods is used to select features. We are able to select the most effective 95 gene probsets out of 49,386. For clinical study data, 8 most effective biomarkers could be selected using SFBS. For both genomic and clinical data, DL (‘Deep Learning’) classifier is used to identify stages - CN (Cognitive Normal), MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment), AD (Alzheimer’s Disease / Dementia). Because of high data imbalance in genomic data, border line oversampling is used for model training and original data for validation. RESULT & DISCUSSION: With clinical data, we achieved ‘ROC AUC’ scores 0.97, 0.95, 0.94 for CN, MCI, Dementia stage respectively . We achieve ‘ROC AUC’ scores 0.75, 0.74, 0.70 for CN, MCI, Dementia stage respectively and 0.67 for both micro average F1 scores and micro weighted F1 score. This is the best result so far for AD stage diagnosis from gene expression profile data through multiclassification with ADNI data. Results reflect that our multiclassification model can efficiently handle the imbalanced data of HDLSS nature to identify samples of minority class. MAPK14, ZNF835, MID1, HLA-DQA1, TEP1 are some of the new genes found to be associated with AD risk. DRAXIN, HSPA12B, USP47 etc. are found to be AD preventive or suppressor.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0239.v1

Expert Radiology Application Softwares Enhance Radiology Diagnosis Contributions And Challenges By A Historical Review of Informetric Analysis From 1991 To 2021

Chia-Cheng Chao, Ming-Hung Hsu

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: radiology information systems; radiology education system; radiology operation software; information technology; computer-aided diagnosis system

Online: 12 November 2021 (17:06:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1397.v1

Photodynamic Diagnosis and Therapy in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Atsushi Kurabayashi, Hideo Fukuhara, Kaoru Furihata, Waka Iwashita, Mutsuo Furihata, Keiji Inoue

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; transurethral resection of bladder tumor; 5‐Aminolevulinic acid; photodynamic diagnosis; photodynamic therapy

Online: 22 April 2024 (10:52:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0733.v1

Differential Regional Textural Attributes of Tongue in Normal and Acidity Patients in the Light of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Debasis Bakshi, Debaleena Nawn, Sujata Pal, Chandana Mitra, Maya Das, Jyotirmoy Chatterjee

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: TCM based tongue diagnosis, tongue colour, local texture, chronic acidity,
GLCM, inter and intragroup analysis.

Online: 10 July 2024 (08:05:45 CEST)

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Introduction: In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), tongue diagnosis plays an important role. Besides shape, colour and textural attributes of tongue regions have significance due to their association with different organs (viz. heart, lung, kidney-bladder, liver-gallbladder and stomach-spleen) in health and disease. Although numerous quantitative methods have been proposed to reduce inter and intra observer variability in tongue diagnosis, almost all of them considered only global colour/ textural features i.e. from entire body of tongue. In this work, regional colour and texture information of tongue have been analysed for healthy subjects (NOM) and patients suffering from chronic acidity-indigestion (ACD). Methods: Tongue boundaries are marked manually in each image and then tongue bodies are automatically partitioned into five regions linked with said internal organs. Rough assessments of regions’ boundaries are obtained from literature and then they are fine-tuned according to experts’ advice. As boundaries are not well defined, regions near the common boundary of two or more organs, are not assigned to any organ. Several first and second order statistical features based on grey scale intensities and a* values of LAB colour space (indicative of redness) have been extracted from five different regions of tongue images. Intragroup analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test compared different regions within individual study group. Additionally, intergroup analysis using Wilcoxon rank sum test compared tongues of NOM with ACD for each region separately. Results: Intragroup analysis reveals a* values are statistically different (p<0.01) between stomach-spleen and liver-gallbladder regions for ACD while no significant change of a* are noted between these regions of normal tongue. It was found from intergroup analysis that correlation (one of the second order texture features extracted from grey scale images) of heart region has significantly decreased while correlation of kidney, liver-gallbladder and stomach-spleen regions significantly increased from NOM to ACD. Conclusion: This study sheds light on importance of inclusion of regional textural analysis of tongue in quantitative studies and can be applied to automated tongue diagnosis for other diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0711.v1

Ensemble Deep Learning-Based Image Classification for Breast Cancer Subtype and Invasiveness Diagnosis from Whole Slide Image Histopathology

Aadhi Balasubramanian, Salah Mohammed Awad Al-Heejawi, Akarsh Singh, Anne Breggia, Bilal Ahmad, Robert Christman, Ryan Stephen T., Saeed Amal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis; Ensemble Deep Learning; Image Processing; Foundation Models; Computer Vision; Digital Pathology; Artificial Intelligence

Online: 10 May 2024 (16:54:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0673.v1

Diagnostic Value of Urine Cytology in Pharmacologically Forced Diuresis for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Nicola Giudici, Jennifer Blarer, Niranjan Sathianathen, Fiona C. Burkhard, Patrick Y. Wuethrich, George N. Thalmann, Roland Seiler, Marc A. Furrer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Diagnostic value for diagnosis and follow-up; urine cytology; pharmacologically forced diuresis; upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Online: 9 January 2024 (10:31:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0688.v1

Supervised Classification of Normal and Tumorous Brain MR Images Using Machine Learning Schemes

Jia Qi Lim, Norma Alias, Farhana Johar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Computer aided diagnosis (CAD), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, feature extraction, feature reduction, classifiers, classification rule.

Online: 29 July 2020 (10:14:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0501.v1

Development and Application of Stability Index estimation Algorithm based on Machine Learning for Elderly Balance Ability Diagnosis in Daily Life

Jeong-Woo Seo, Taehong Kim, Joong Il Kim, Youngjae Jeong, Kyoung-Mi Jang, Junggil Kim, Jun-Hyeong Do

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Clinical test of sensory interactions with balance; Stability Index; Balance ability diagnosis; force plate; Machine learning

Online: 7 July 2023 (15:32:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0058.v1

Genetic and Epigenetic Variations of SARS-Cov-2 and Host Genes and Their Impact in Covid-19 Pandemic

Muhammed Elayadeth Meethal, Punnoth Poonkuzhi Naseef, Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan, Mansoor C Abdulla, Shyju Ollakkod, Shahul Ebrahim, Godavarma Girish Varma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Phylogenetic analysis; Next generation sequence analysis; Virus-Host interaction; Immunology; Antiviral agents; Vaccine; Virus diagnosis

Online: 2 August 2021 (16:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2445.v1

Genetic Blueprints in Lung Cancer: Foundations for Targeted Therapies

Andra Dan, Livia-Malina Burtavel, Madalin-Codrut Coman, Ina Ofelia Focsa, Simona Duta-Ion, Ioana-Ruxandra Juganaru, Andra-Giorgiana Zaruha, Irina-Maria Strugari, Iulian Andrei Hotinceanu, Patricia-Christina Codreanu, Laurentiu-Camil Bohiltea, Viorica Elena Rădoi

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: lung cancer; NSCLC; SCLC; genetics; pathways; alterations; biomarkers; diagnosis; therapies; personalized medicine

Online: 30 October 2024 (14:34:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1782.v1

Refinement of the rKLi8.3 Based Serodiagnostic Elisa Allows Detection of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Dogs with Low Antibody Titers

Henrique Couto Teixeira, Giulia Pereira Costa Valle, Rouzbeh Mahdavi, Priscila Santos Martins Dias, Erick Esteves De Oliveira, Cristina Aira, Daniela Heinz, Andreas Latz, Marta de Lana, Fernanda Morgado, Renato Porrozzi, Ulrich Steinhoff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Leishmaniasis; Canine leishmaniosis; Sero-Diagnosis; Recombinant proteins; Kinesins; POC diagnostics; Asymptomatic CanL

Online: 24 January 2024 (14:47:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1505.v1

Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiplex PCR in Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Anja Stein, Daniel Soukup, Peter-Michael Rath, Ursula Felderhoff-Müser

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal sepsis; early onset sepsis; multiplex PCR; infection; neonate; diagnosis; pathogen detection

Online: 24 October 2023 (08:11:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1378.v1

Impact of Voxel Normalization on Machine Learning-Based Method: A Study on Pulmonary Nodule Malignancy Diagnosis Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT)

Chia-Chi Hsiao, Chen-Hao Peng, Fu-Zong Wu, Da-Chuan Cheng

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: lung cancer; isotropic voxel reconstruction; lung nodule classification; radiomics; computer-aided diagnosis

Online: 23 October 2023 (05:34:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0837.v1

Metabolic Pathway Pairwise-Based Signature as a Potential Non-Invasive Diagnostic Marker in AD patients

Yunwen Feng, Xingyu Chen, Xiaohua Douglas Zhang, Chen Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease; Noninvasive Diagnosis; Metabolic Abnormalities; Biomarker; Peripheral blood; Multi-Machine Learning

Online: 11 May 2023 (09:47:20 CEST)

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. Early screening, particularly in blood has been regarded as an effective approach for AD diagnosis and prevention. In addition, metabolic dysfunction has been demonstrated to be closely related to AD, which might be reflected in whole blood transcriptome. Hence, we hypothesized that establishment of diagnostic model based on metabolic signatures of blood is a workable strategy. To the end, we initially constructed metabolic pathway pairwise (MPP) signatures to characterize the interplay among metabolic pathways. Then, a series of bioinformatic methodologies, e.g., differential expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and network analysis, etc. were used to investigate the molecular mechanism behind AD. Moreover, an unsupervised clustering analysis based on the MPP signature profile via Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithm was utilized to stratify AD patients. Finally, aimed at distinguishing AD patients from non-AD group, a metabolic pathway-pairwise scoring system (MPPSS) was established using multi-machine learning methods. As a result, many metabolic pathways correlated to AD were disclosed, including oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. NMF clustering analysis divided AD patients into two subgroups (S1 and S2), which exhibit distinct activities of metabolism and immunity. Typically, oxidative phosphorylation in S2 exhibits a lower activity than that in S1 and non-AD group, suggesting the patients in S2 might possess a more compromised brain metabolism. Additionally, Immune infiltration analysis showed that the patients in S2 might have phenomena of immune suppression, compared with S1 and non-AD group. These findings indicated that S2 probably have a more severe progression of AD. Finally, MPPSS could achieve an AUC of 0.73 in training dataset, 0.71 in testing dataset and an AUC of 0.82 on weighted average in five external validation datasets. Overall, our study successfully established a novel metabolism-based scoring system for AD diagnosis using blood transcriptome, and provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of metabolic dysfunction implicated in AD.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0208.v1

Artificial Intelligent-Powered Detection of Tuberculosis

Abdullahi Umar Ibrahim, Manal Salah Babiker, Yeni Wahyuni Hartati, Yeni Wahyuni Hartati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Tuberculosis; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; Transfer Learning; Computer-aided Diagnosis

Online: 14 September 2022 (12:00:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0387.v1

Entropy as the High-Level Feature for XAI-Based Early Plant Stress Detection

Maxim Lysov, Irina Maximova, Evgeny Vasiliev, Alexandra Getmanskaya, Vadim Turlapov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: explainable artificial intelligence; high-level explainable feature; entropy; plant stress; early diagnosis

Online: 22 August 2022 (15:47:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0191.v1

Genetic Sequence Variation in the Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-rich Protein 2 Gene from Field Isolates in Tanzania: Impact on Malaria Rapid Diagnosis

Robert D. Kaaya, Caroline Amour, Johnson Matowo, Franklin Mosha, Reginald Adolf Kavishe, Khalid B. Beshir

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: malaria diagnosis; Pfhrp2; amino acid repeats; sequence variation; genetic polymorphism; Plasmodium falciparum

Online: 13 July 2022 (07:49:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0146.v1

Chronic Ambient Poisoning

Beth Alderman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: ubiquitous exposure; diagnosis; research design; quality of health care; habitat injuries; discovery

Online: 11 May 2022 (05:40:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0241.v2

A One-Dimensional Serial ECG Diagnosis Approach Based on Ensemble Deep Learning

Siqing Jiang, Xiaojun Chen, HaoJun Gao, Jian Wu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deep learning; ensemble learning; intelligent detection and diagnosis; multi-classification; preventive measures

Online: 4 May 2022 (12:50:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0200.v1

Machine Learning in Apache Spark Environment for Diagnosis of Diabetes

Farshid Bagheri Saravi, Shadi Moghanian, Giti Javidi, Ehsan O Sheybani

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Diabetes; Diagnosis; Machine Learning; Wireless Body Area Networks; Apache Spark; Feature Selection

Online: 10 November 2021 (09:00:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0571.v1

An Improved of Fault Diagnosis Using 1D-Convolutional Neural Network Model

Chih-Cheng Chen, Zhen Liu, Guangsong Yang, Chia-Chun Wu, Qiubo Ye

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: 1D-CNN; fault diagnosis; rolling bearing; vibration signal; single load; different load

Online: 23 November 2020 (09:22:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0576.v1

Intelligent Ball Bearing Fault Diagnosis by using Fractional Lorenz Chaos Extension Detection Method with Acceleration Sensor

An-Hong Tian, Cheng-Biao Fu, Yu-Chung Li, Her-Terng Yau

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Ball bearing; Fractional Lorenz chaos system; Extension theory; Chua’s Circuit Fault diagnosis

Online: 30 July 2018 (10:00:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0253.v1

3D Visualization Solution to Building Energy Diagnosis for Energy Feedback

Tae-Keun Oh, Donghwan Lee, Minsoo Park, Gichun Cha, Seunghee Park

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: energy diagnosis; close-range photogrammetry; energy efficiency; visualization of information; energy feedback

Online: 17 May 2018 (13:31:05 CEST)

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