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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0411.v1

Role of Perfusion Tomography in Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma: A Pilot Study

Robson Amorim, Vinicius Trindade Silva, Henrique Oliveira Martins, Sérgio Brasil, Daniel Godoy, Matheus Teixeira Mendes, Gabriel Gattas, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Wellingson Paiva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Acute subdural hematomas; traumatic brain injury; computed tomography perfusion; cerebral hemodynamics

Online: 23 February 2023 (15:34:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0020.v2

Identification Of A New Role Of miR-199a-5p As Factor Implied In Neuronal Damage: Decreasing The Expression Of Its Target X-Linked Anti-Apoptotic Protein (XIAP) After SCI.

Teresa Muñoz-Galdeano, David Reigada, María Gamarra, Altea Soto, María Asunción Barreda-Manso, Irene Novillo, Manuel Nieto-Díaz, Rodrigo M. Maza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: spinal cord injury; apoptotic cell death; XIAP; neuroprotection; miRNA-based therapies

Online: 11 January 2023 (11:39:24 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0172.v1

Management of Patients with Combined Height Injury

Vania Nikolaeva Anastasova, Stanislav Karamitev, Elean Zanzov, Aleksandar Georgiev, Kiril Todorov Atliev, Elena Krasteva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: muscle-skeletal traumas (MST); injury; fracture stabilization; local flaps; skin-grafting

Online: 9 December 2022 (07:13:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0087.v1

Molecular Characterization of the Stress Response of the Holothurian Central Nervous System

Sebastián Cruz-González, Eduardo Quesada-Díaz, Yamil Miranda-Negrón, Raúl García-Rosario, Humberto Ortiz-Zuazaga, José Enrique García-Arrarás

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Echinoderm; Heat shock proteins; Ubiquitin; Regeneration; RNA-seq; Spinal cord injury

Online: 8 October 2022 (03:02:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0038.v1

Describing the Function, Disability, and Health of Adults With Disabilities and Older Adults During the Early Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Restrictions

Pegah Derakhshan, William C. Miller, Jaimie Borisoff, Elham Esfandiari, Susan Forwell, Tal Jarus, Somayyeh Mohammadi, Isabelle Rash, Brodie Sakakibara, Julia Schmidt, Gordon Tao, Noah Tregobov, W. Ben Mortenson

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: COVID-19; spinal cord injury; disability; stroke; well-being; social isolation

Online: 5 May 2022 (12:35:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0186.v1

Regional Brain Volume Prior to Treatment Is Linked to Outcome after Cognitive Rehabilitation in Traumatic Brain Injury

Alexander Olsen, Emily L. Dennis, Jan Egil Stubberud, Elisabeth S. Hovenden, Anne-Kristin Solbakk, Tor Endestad, Per Kristian Hol, Anne-Kristine Schanke, Marianne Løvstad, Sveinung Tornås

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: rehabilitation medicine; magnetic resonance imaging; brain injury; executive function; personalized treatment

Online: 14 March 2022 (11:27:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0423.v1

Anti-Fibrotic Agents Could Be the Game Changer for Post‑COVID Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment – A Mini Review

Pallab Chakraborty, Kaustav Chakraborty

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis; lung injury; anti-fibrotic agents

Online: 18 May 2021 (11:32:07 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0278.v1

Laryngeal Paralysis Recovered Two Years After a Head Trauma by Growth Hormone Treatment and Neurorehabilitation

Joaquín Guerra, Hortensia Lema, Carlos Agra, Pedro Martínez, Jesús Devesa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Growth Hormone; Recurrent nerve injury; Speech therapy; Neurostimulation; Vocal cord paralysis

Online: 13 May 2021 (09:27:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0500.v1

Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation

Margarita Heredia, Virginia Sánchez-Robledo, Inés Gómez, José María Criado, Antonio de la Fuente, Jesús Devesa, Pablo Devesa, Adelaida Sánchez Riolobos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: motor ablation; growth hormone; rehabilitation; cell proliferation; piriform cortex; brain injury

Online: 19 April 2021 (14:46:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0544.v1

Cellular Mechanisms Participating in Brain Repair of Adult Zebrafish and Mammals After Injury

Batoul Ghaddar, Luisa Lübke, David COURET, Sepand Rastegar, Nicolas Diotel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: adult neurogenesis; brain injury; neural stem cell; regeneration; stroke; zebrafish; mice

Online: 22 December 2020 (08:49:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0534.v1

Amikacin or Vancomycin Exposure Alters the Postnatal Serum Creatinine Dynamics in ELBW Neonates

Tamara van Donge, Anne Smits, John van den Anker, Karel Allegaert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: creatinine; vancomycin; amikacin; renal impairment; acute kidney injury; adverse drug reaction

Online: 21 December 2020 (15:42:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0022.v1

Use of High Resolution Unmanned Aerial Systems Imagery and Machine Learning to Evaluate Grain Sorghum Tolerance to Mesotrione

Isaac Barnhart, Sushila Chauhaudri, Balaji Aravindhan Pandian, P.V. Vara Prasad, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Mithila Jugulam

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicle; grain sorghum; herbicide injury; remote sensing; sorghum breeding

Online: 1 October 2020 (15:47:27 CEST)

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Working Paper HYPOTHESIS

Paracetamol use in COVID-19: friend or enemy?

Piero Sestili, Carmela Fimognari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: COVID-19; paracetamol; NSAIDs; inflammation; lung injury; oxidative damage; glutathione; antioxidant.

Online: 7 August 2020 (11:02:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0064.v1

Why Risk It? Athletes' Return to Sport Decisions Following Concussion Injuries: A Pilot Study

Victoria Waterworth, Alexander Procyk, Elisa Canetti, Wayne Hing, Suzanne Gough

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: traumatic brain injury; return to play; risk aversion; choice behaviour; health

Online: 7 June 2020 (07:51:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0239.v1

Post Operative Acute Kidney Injury in Gastro Intestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery in a Tertiary Centre in Western India – A Retrospective Analysis

BHAVIN Vasavada, hardik patel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; Gastrointestinal surgery; HPB surgery; perioperative care; critical care

Online: 14 May 2020 (12:03:15 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Ischemic Coronary Heart Disease: Prevention and Therapy by Exercise and Conditioning

Antonio Crisafulli, Pasquale Pagliaro, Silvana Roberto, Lucia Cugusi, Giuseppe Mercuro, Antigone Lazou, Cristophe Beauloye, Luc Bertrand, Derek Hausenloy, Manuela Aragno, Claudia Penna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy; Hyperglycemia; Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Remote Conditioning; Exercise

Online: 17 March 2020 (08:52:25 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A Diterpenoid, 14-Deoxy-11, 12-Didehydroandrographolide, in Andrographis paniculata Reduces Steatohepatitis and Liver Injury in Mice Fed a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet

Yun-Ta Liu, Haw-Wen Chen, Chong-Kuei Lii, Jia-Hua Jhuang, Chin-Shiu Huang, Mei-Ling Li, Hsien-Tsung Yao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Andrographis paniculata; 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide; NLRP3 inflammasome; liver injury; steatohepatitis

Online: 16 January 2020 (03:07:25 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202411.0118.v1

Quantitative MRI Assessment of Post-surgical Spinal Cord Injury Through Radiomic Analysis

Azadeh Sharafi, Andrew P Klein, Kevin M Koch

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Radiomics; Spinal cord Injury; Multi-Spectral Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metal artefact

Online: 4 November 2024 (10:59:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0968.v1

Automatic Assist Level Adjustment Function of a Gait Exercise Rehabilitation Robot with Functional Electrical Stimulation for Spinal Cord Injury

Ryota Kimura, Takahiro Sato, Yuji Kasukawa, Daisuke Kudo, Takehiro Iwami, Naohisa Miyakoshi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: spinal cord injury; functional electrical stimulation; rehabilitation robot; reinforcement learning; assistive level

Online: 12 September 2024 (05:38:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0853.v1

Dual Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 Enzymes by Ensifentrine Protects against MRSA-Induced Lung Endothelial and Epithelial Dysfunction

Mohammed Yaman Al Matni, Lucille Meliton, Steven M. Dudek, Eleftheria Letsiou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: ARDS; acute lung injury; ensifentrine; RPL554; phosphodiesterase; permeability; inflammation; alveolar epithelium; endothelial

Online: 11 September 2024 (10:41:00 CEST)

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe lung condition with a high mortality rate for which there are no effective therapeutics. The failure of the alveolar-capillary barrier, composed of lung endothelial (EC) and alveolar epithelial (AEC) cells, is a critical factor leading to excessive inflammation and edema characteristics of acute lung injury (ALI). Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are enzymes well-recognized for their roles in regulating endothelial permeability and inflammation. Although PDE inhibitors are used as therapeutics for inflammatory diseases like COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), their efficacy in treating ARDS has not yet been established. In this study, we investigate the effects of ensifentrine, an FDA-approved novel dual PDE 3/4 inhibitor, on lung endothelial and epithelial dysfunction caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), a pathogen involved in bacterial ARDS. Human primary lung endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cell lines (A549 and immortalized AEC) were treated with heat-killed MRSA, and their responses were assessed in the presence or absence of ensifentrine. Ensifentrine given either pre- or post exposure attenuated MRSA-induced increased lung endothelial permeability. VE-cadherin junctions, which serve to stabilize the EC barrier, were disrupted by MRSA; however, ensifentrine effectively prevented this disruption. Pre-treatment with ensifentrine protected against MRSA-induced EC pro-inflammatory signaling by inhibiting the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and by reducing the IL-6 release. In AEC, MRSA caused upregulation of ICAM-1, activation of NF-kB and production of IL-8, all of which were inhibited by ensifentrine. These results indicate that dual inhibition of phosphodiesterases 3 and 4 by ensifentrine is barrier protective and attenuates MRSA-induced inflammation in both lung endothelial and epithelial cells. The PDE3/4 inhibitor ensifentrine may represent a promising novel strategy for the treatment of ALI.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0670.v1

A Multi Mediation Analysis of Risk Factors for Non-suicidal Self-Injury among South African Adolescents

Steven J Collings, Sachet R Valjee

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: adverse childhood experiences; non-suicidal self-injury; emotion dysregulation; adolescents; South Africa

Online: 9 September 2024 (13:52:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1499.v1

Spectrum and Incidences of Adverse Reactions Post-immunizations in Taiwanese Population (2014 – 2019): An Analysis Using the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program

Wan-Chun Lai, Chin-Hui Yang, Yhu-Chering Huang, Nan-Cheng Chiu, Chih-Jung Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: vaccine reactogenicity; adverse reactions; adverse events following immunization; vaccine injury compensation program

Online: 21 August 2024 (00:13:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2557.v1

Exploring Social Participation Among Adults with Spinal Cord Injury During the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada

Noémie Fortin-Bédard, Naomie-Jade Ladry, David Bouchard, Caroline Rahn, Jaimie Borisoff, Shane N. Sweet, Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos, François Routhier, Krista L. Best

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: COVID-19; Spinal Cord Injury; Manual Wheelchair; Social Participation; Rehabilitation; Social Support

Online: 31 July 2024 (15:19:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0390.v1

The Impact of Sciatic Nerve Injury on Extracellular Matrix of Lower Limb Muscle and Thoracolumbar Fascia: An Observational Study

Xiaoxiao Zhao, Caterina Fede, Lucia Petrelli, Carmelo Pirri, Elena Stocco, Chenglei Fan, Andrea Porzionato, Raffaele De Caro, Stefano Masiero, Carla Stecco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: extracellular matrix; peripheral nerve injury; hyaluronan; collagen; intramuscular connective tissue; thoracolumbar fascia

Online: 4 July 2024 (05:58:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0676.v1

Comparison of In Vitro Models for Drug-Induced Liver Injury Assessment

Nam-Ju Kim, Ji-Hyun Bang, Hee Yi, Hyun-Ok Ku, Joong-Sum Kim, Seon-Jong Yun, Byung-Suk Jeon

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: 2D and 3D cultures; HepG2; HepaRG; liver injury markers; CYP450

Online: 10 May 2024 (10:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0448.v1

Financial Impact of Personal Electric Transportation Platforms in an Urban Area: A Cohort of Injuries over 18 Months at a Level 1 Urban Trauma Center

Yuval Ran, Dana Niry, Genady Shendler, Itay Blum, Aviad Rabinowich, Dana Stav, Zmira Silman, Amit Benady, Jacob Chen, Adi Brenner

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Financial; policy; planning; injury-prevention; cost; micro-mobility; e-bicycle; e-scooter

Online: 8 May 2024 (11:21:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1658.v1

Exploring Predictive Validity of Multifactorial Injury Risk Models and Associated Clinical Measures in the U.S. Population

Adam Eckart, Pragya Sharma Ghimire, James Stavitz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: musculoskeletal injuries; injury risk factors; pain; physical functioning; bone turnover markers; inflammation

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:02:14 CET)

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Background Popular movement-based injury risk screens have been shown to lack predictive precision, leading to interest in multifactorial models. Furthermore, there is a lack of research regarding injury risk assessment for those currently or planning to be recreationally active. This study aims to provide injury risk insights by analyzing multifactorial injury risk models and as-sociated clinical measures in the U.S. population. Methods Data related to injury, inflammatory markers, physical functioning, body composition, physical activity, and other variables from 21,033 respondents were extracted from NHANES. Odds ratios for self-reported injury were calculated for single predictors and risk models. Case-control and principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to elucidate confounders and identify risk factor clusters, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to test the precision of a risk factor cluster to identify pain points and functional difficulties. Results Sociodemographic, individual, and lifestyle factors were strongly associated with higher odds of injury. Increases in fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were significantly associated with all risk groups. Membership to the high-risk group (age over 40, obesity, no muscle-strengthening activities, sedentary lifestyle, and low back pain) predicted at least one functional difficulty with 67.4% sensitivity and 87.2% specificity. In the injury group, bone turnover markers were higher, yet confounded by age and there was a significantly higher prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis compared to the control. In males, low testosterone was associated with injury, and higher estradiol was associated with pain and functional difficulties. In females, higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone were associated with functional difficulties. PCA revealed four high-risk profiles, with markers and activities showing distinct loadings. Conclusion A comprehensive approach to injury risk assessment should consider the nexus of aging, lifestyle, and chronic disease to enhance tailored injury prevention strategies, fostering safe and effective physical activity participation and reducing the burden of musculoskeletal disorders.

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0170.v2

Analysis of Intensity Limits for Light Emitting Diodes Used in Toys and Consequences for Children's Visual Health

Christophe Martinsons, Olivier Enouf, Francine Behar-Cohen, Alicia Torriglia, Françoise Viénot, Dina Attia

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: LED, toys, optical safety, photobiology, retina, glare, macular injury, blue light hazard

Online: 13 March 2024 (15:54:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0519.v1

Numerical Modelling of a Female Brain: Effect of the Dura Mater

Joana R Pinto, Sofia M Gonçalves, Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Gustavo Carmo, Matthew B. Panzer, Ricardo Alves de Sousa

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Finite Element Model; Brain; Traumatic Brain Injury; Female Head Model; Dura Mater

Online: 8 March 2024 (10:28:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1367.v1

Characteristics and Injury Patterns in Traumatic Brain Injury Related to E-scooter Use in Riga, Latvia: Multicenter Case Series

Agnis Saulitis, Evelina Kocane, Julija Dolgopolova, Ritvars Kalnins, Kaspars Auslands, Kristaps Rancans, Egils Valeinis, Andrejs Millers

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: electric scooter; e-scooter; traffic accident; craniofacial trauma; traumatic brain injury; neurosurgery

Online: 25 February 2024 (23:31:46 CET)

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Background and Objectives: In recent years Electronic scooters (E-Scooters) have gained popularity, whether for private use or as a publicly available transportation method. With introduction of these vehicles, reports of E-Scooter related accidents have surged, sparking a public debate and concern. Aim of this study was to analyse epidemiological data, characteristics and severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) related to E-Scooter accidents. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case series evaluated 28 patients who were admitted to three largest neurosurgery clinics in Riga, Latvia between time period from April to October in two separate years – 2022 and 2023 after an E-Scooter related accident. Data were collected on patient demographics, time of the accident, alcohol consumption, helmet use, type of TBI, other related injuries, treatment and assessment at discharge. Results: A total of 28 patients were admitted with TBI related to E-Scooter use, with median age 30 years (Q1-Q3, 20.25-37.25), four individuals under age of 18, majority (64%) were male. In 23 cases the injury mechanism was fall, in 5 cases collision. None were wearing a helmet at time of injury. Alcohol intoxication was evident in over half of the patients (51.5%), with severe intoxication (>1.2ppm) in 75% cases among them. Neurological symptoms upon admission were noted in 50% of cases. All patients had intracranial trauma - 50% brain contusions, 43% traumatic subdural hematoma, almost 30% - epidural hematoma. Craniofacial fractures were evident in 71% of cases, fractures in other parts of body in 3 patients. 6 patients required emergency neurosurgical intervention. Neurological complications were noted in 2 patients, 1 patient died. Conclusions: E-Scooter related accidents result in a significant number of brain and other associated injuries, with notable frequency linked to alcohol influence and lack of helmet use. Prevention campaigns to raise awareness of potential risks and implementation of more strict regulations should be done.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1481.v1

The Utility of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy

Rogerio Passos, Uri Adrian Prync Flato, Paula Rodrigues Sanches, Carolina Pellegrino, Ricardo Cordioli, Bruno Caldin Silva, Felipe Galdino, Dalton Souza Barros, Fernanda Oliveira Coelho, Bruno Bravim, Thiago Correa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: renal replacement therapy; Point-of-Care Ultrasound; intensive care; acute kidney injury

Online: 19 January 2024 (14:46:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0557.v1

Applications Of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Nerve Regeneration

Burcak Yavuz, Esra Mutlu, Zubair Ahmed, Besim Ben-Nissan, ARTEMIS STAMBOULIS

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: nerve regeneration; non-coding RNAs; exosome; traumatic brain injury; blood-brain barrier

Online: 10 October 2023 (03:25:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0006.v1

Changes in Polar Lipid Composition in Balsam Fir during Seasonal Cold Acclimation and Relationship to Needle Abscission

Mason T. MacDonald, Rajasekaran R Lada, Gaye Elizabeth MacDonald, Claude D Caldwell, Chibuike C Udenigwe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Abies balsamea; cold; conifer; fluorescence; galactosyldiacylglycerol; galactolipids; phospholipids; membrane injury; needle retention

Online: 1 October 2023 (08:11:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0723.v1

Combination of Engineered Expression of Polysialic Acid on Transplanted Schwann Cells and in Injured Rat Spinal Cord Promotes Significant Axonal Growth and Functional Recovery

Fangyou Gao, Yi Zhang, Dongsheng Wu, Juan Luo, Svetlana Gushchina, Xuenong Bo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: spinal cord injury; polysialic acid; Schwann cell; transplantation; corticospinal axon; axonal regeneration

Online: 9 August 2023 (08:11:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0558.v1

Necroptosis in Organ Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets

Yajin Zhao, Kimberly Main, Tanroop Aujla, Shaf Keshavjee, Mingyao Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: programmed cell death; donor organ condition; ischemia reperfusion injury; allograft rejection; inflammation

Online: 7 August 2023 (12:02:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0193.v1

Echographic landmarks in the approach to the common peroneal nerve in a sheep model - application in peripheral nerve regeneration

Rui Alvites, Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Ana Catarina Sousa, André Coelho, Alícia Moreira, Alexandra Rêma, Luís Atayde, Carla Mendonça, Ana L. Luís, Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Peripheral Nerve Injury; Peripheral Nerve Regeneration; Ultrasonography; Peroneal Common Nerve; Sheep Model.

Online: 2 August 2023 (10:21:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1850.v1

The Role of Microglial Exosomes and Mir-124-3p in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Repair after Traumatic Brain Injury

Ioannis Mavroudis, Ioana Miruna Balmus, Alin Stelian Ciobica, Mircea Nicusor Nicoara, Alina Costina Luca, Dragos Octavian Palade

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: traumatic brain injury; mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes; microglia; mir-124-3p

Online: 27 July 2023 (10:01:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1766.v1

Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in ECMO: Pathophysiology, Neuromonitoring, and Therapeutic Opportunities

Shivalika Khanduja, Jiah Kim, Jin Kook Kang, Cheng-Yuan Feng, Melissa Ann Vogelsong, Romergryko G Geocadin, Glenn Whitman, Sung-Min Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: hypoxia-ischemia brain injury; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; neurological complication; neu-romonitoring; outcome.

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0234.v1

Irish Dancing Injuries and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

Ana Rita Póvoa, Cláudia Maria Costa, Sérgio Simões, Ana Morais Azevedo, Raul Oliveira

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Irish dance; injuries; risk factors; injury prevention; epidemiology; prevalence; incidence; surveillance system

Online: 12 April 2023 (03:35:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0471.v1

Multi-mechanistic Approaches to the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review

Daniel G Lynch, Raj K Narayan, Chunyan Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Traumatic brain injury; Combination therapy; Multimodal therapy; Multimodal neuromonitoring; Pharmacologic; Non-pharmacologic

Online: 27 February 2023 (10:10:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0316.v1

Neurological Outcomes Following Mitoquinone Supplementation in Mice, 3 and 7 Days Post Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Mohammad Amine Reslan, Maya Jammoul, Leila Nasrallah, Maha Tabet, Marya El-Kurdi, Sarin Mekhjian, Judith Nwaiwu, Mona Goli, Yehia Mechref, Kevin K Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Riyad El Khoury

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: acute injury; antioxidant; behavior; mitochondria; mitoquinone; neuroinflammation; oxidative stress; repeated mild TBI

Online: 21 July 2022 (08:17:28 CEST)

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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion accounts for the bulk of all head injuries and represents a major health concern. Although an mTBI event may not manifest in neurobehavioral impairment, repeated injuries, known as repeated mTBI (rmTBI), can result in a cumulative effect that may progress to long-term cognitive and functional deficits. To date, there is no FDA-approved drug for TBI in general and rmTBI in particular. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the neuroprotective role of mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrial antioxidant, in an open head injury model and a model of repeated mild TBI (rmTBI) at a chronic time point (30 days). In this work, we set out to assess the neuroprotective potential of MitoQ at acute (3 days) and subacute time points (7 days) post-injury in a controlled cortical impact model of rmTBI. C57BL/6 male mice were injected intraperitoneally with MitoQ (5 mg/kg) one hour after the first mTBI, and three days after the first injury in both the 3-day and 7-day MitoQ + rmTBI subgroups, with an additional injection four days after the second injection in the 7-day group. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) while gross and fine motor functions were evaluated by the pole climbing, grip strength, and ladder rung tests. Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining was performed to evaluate oxidative stress while qRT-PCR was used to measure the gene expression of different antioxidant enzymes. Also, immunofluorescence staining was performed on brain tissue to assess the degree of microgliosis and astrocytosis. Our results showed that MitoQ conferred significant protection on days 3 and 7 post-injury against fine motor function impairment induced by rmTBI. Moreover, MitoQ enhanced cognitive function and reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and levels of oxidative stress on day 7 post-injury. However, antioxidant gene expression generally remained unaffected. In light of our results, MitoQ administration may be considered a preventive approach that helps to alleviate the neurological manifestations associated with rmTBI early before symptoms progress to long-term deficits.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0692.v1

The Ryanodine Receptor as a Sensor for Cellular Environments in Muscles

Takuya Kobayashi, Nagomi Kurebayashi, Takashi Murayama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Ryanodine receptor; skeletal muscle; cardiac muscle; exercise and injury; heart function; diet

Online: 29 June 2021 (08:37:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0383.v1

Elevation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels Following Intra-Articular Fractures - A Systematic Review

That Minh Pham, Julie Ladeby Erichsen, Justyna Magdalena Kowal, Søren Overgaard, Hagen Schmal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Inflammatory; cytokines; biomarkers; intra-articular fracture; cartilage; joint injury; synovial fluid; osteoarthritis

Online: 15 March 2021 (13:08:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0700.v1

Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Progenitor Regulation: How Many Pieces in the Puzzle?

Anna Julie Peired, Maria Elena Melica, Alice Molli, Cosimo Nardi, Paola Romagnani, Laura Lasagni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: renal progenitors; molecular mechanisms; kidney injury; single cell RNA sequencing; molecular signature

Online: 28 December 2020 (12:40:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0257.v1

The Spectrum of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19- A Comprehensive Literature Review

Raja Shakeel Mushtaque, Rabia Mushtaque, Shahbano Baloch, Aadil Raza, Haseeb Bhatti, Zohaib Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; Acute Cardiac Injury; Arrhythmia; Heart Failure; Cardiogenic Shock

Online: 11 August 2020 (07:47:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0165.v1

Factors Involved in the Functional Motor Recovery of Rats with Cortical Ablation after GH and Rehabilitation Treatment: Cortical Cell Proliferation and Nestin and Actin Expressions in Striatum and Thalamus

Margarita Heredia, Natalia Rodríguez, Virginia Sánchez Robledo, José María Criado, Antonio de la Fuente, Jesús Devesa, Pablo Devesa, Adelaida Sánchez Riolobos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: growth hormone; traumatic brain injury; neural plasticity; neurogenesis; actin; nestin; striatum; thalamus

Online: 15 October 2019 (08:03:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0330.v1

Effects of Volatile Versus Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Occurrence of Myocardial Injury after Non-Cardiac Surgery

Jihye Kwon, Jungchan Park, Seung-Hwa Lee, Ah-ran Oh, Jong-Hwan Lee, Jeongjin Min

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery; anesthetic technique; high-sensitivity troponin i

Online: 29 September 2019 (07:08:24 CEST)

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The cardioprotective effects of volatile anesthetics versus total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) are controversial, especially in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Using current generation high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn), we aimed to evaluate the effect of anesthetics on the occurrence of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS). From February 2010 to December 2016, 3555 patients without preoperative hs-cTn elevation underwent non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were grouped according to anesthetic agent; 659 patients were classified into a propofol-remifentanil total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) group, and 2896 patients were classified into into a volatile group. To balance the use of remifentanil between groups, a balanced group (n=1622) was generated with patients who received remifentanil infusion in the volatile group, and two separate comparisons were performed (TIVA vs. volatile and TIVA vs. balanced). The primary outcome was occurrence of MINS, defined as rise of hs-cTn I ≥ 0.04 ng/mL within postoperative 48 hours. The secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), and adverse events during hospital stay (mortality, type I myocardial infarction (MI), and new-onset arrhythmia). In propensity-matched analyses, the occurrence of MINS was lower in the TIVA group compared to the volatile group (OR 0.642; 95% CI 0.450-0.914; p = 0.014). However, after balancing the use of remifentanil, there was no difference between groups in the risk of MINS (OR 0.832; 95% CI 0.554-1.251; p-value = 0.377). There were no significant associations between the two groups in type 1 MI, new-onset atrial fibrillation, in-hospital and 30-day mortality before and after balancing the use of remifentanil. However, the incidence of postoperative AKI was lower in the TIVA group (OR 0.362; 95% CI 0.194-0.675; p-value = 0.001). After balancing the use of remifentanil, volatile anesthesia and TIVA showed comparable effects on MINS in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery without preoperative myocardial injury. Further studies are needed on the benefit of remifentanil infusion.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0228.v1

A Web-Based Calculator for Prediction of Severe Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Preterm Infants Using Clinical and Imaging Characteristics

Zachary A. Vesoulis, Nathalie M. El Ters, Maja Herco, Halana V. Whitehead, Amit M. Mathur

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cerebellar hemorrhage; intraventricular hemorrhage; preterm; MRI; neurodevelopment; outcome prediction; white matter injury

Online: 11 October 2018 (04:21:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0015.v1

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect against ischemia-reperfusion renal injury through AMPK-mediated autophagy

Do Hyeong Gwon, Tae Woong Hwang, Ju-ye Ro, Yoon-Joong Kang, Jin Young Jeong, Do-Kyung Kim, Kyu Lim, Dong Woon Kim, Dae Eun Choi, Jwa-Jin Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), ω3-PUFA, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), autophagy

Online: 4 August 2017 (12:56:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2113.v1

Effects of DHEA and DHEAS in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Elena Mayer, Ira Winkler, Eva Huber, Martina Urbanek, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Elke Griesmaier, Anna Posod

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: dehydroepiandrosterone; dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; mouse model; hypoxia-ischemia; neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury; neuroprotection

Online: 28 October 2024 (14:44:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1014.v1

Weight-Bearing CT for Diseases of the Foot

Dong-Il Chun, Jaeho Cho, Sung Hun Won, Nomkhondorj Otgonsaikhan, Jahyung Kim, Young Yi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Weight-bearing; CT; Hallux valgus; Lisfranc injury; Midfoot osteoarthritis; Progressive Collasping Foot Disease

Online: 14 October 2024 (12:40:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1755.v1

The Relationship Between Feeling of Emptiness and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms: The Mediating Role of the Inner Strengths

Piangdao Sripunya, Tinakon Wongpakaran, Nahathai Wongpakaran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: emptiness; non-suicidal self-injury; borderline personality disorder symptoms; five precepts; meditation; equanimity

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:54:49 CEST)

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Background and Objectives: Fifty percent of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). One of the crucial factors related to NSSI is the feeling of emptiness. Although some inner strengths, such as five precepts, meditation, and equanimity, have been identified as potential buffers against negative mental health outcomes in BPD, their role in mediating the relationship between emptiness and NSSI is not well-documented. This study aimed to explore how these inner strengths mediate the relationship between feelings of emptiness and NSSI in individuals with BPD symptoms. Materials and Methods: A total of 302 participants with BPD symptoms completed several assessments: the SCID-II Personality Disorder (Borderline PD) to assess feelings of emptiness and NSSI, the Inner-Strength-Based Inventory (i-SBI) to evaluate five precepts, meditation, and equanimity, and the Outcome Inventory Depression (OI-Dep) to assess depression. Mediation analysis was performed using IBM SPSS and AMOS, with NSSI as the outcome variable, feelings of emptiness as the predictor, and the inner strengths as mediators. Results: The participants had a mean age of 36.56, with 65.4% being female. The analysis showed that five precepts, meditation, and equanimity significantly mediated the relationship between feelings of emptiness and NSSI, with a standardized coefficient of β = 0.534 (95% CI = 0.417 to 0.647, p < 0.001). The indirect effect of emptiness through these inner strengths was significant (β = 0.034, 95% CI = 0.009 to 0.075, p = 0.005). The mediation model explained 38% of the variance in NSSI with a 3% increase, albeit small but significant. Conclusions: The study highlights a negative mediating role of inner strengths in the relationship between feelings of emptiness and NSSI meaning that as these inner strengths increase, the direct impact of feelings of emptiness on NSSI decreases. This suggests that these inner strengths act as protective factors, reducing the likelihood that someone with feelings of emptiness will resort to NSSI as a coping mechanism. These findings suggest that targeting these inner strengths could be a valuable strategy in developing interventions aimed at reducing NSSI by addressing the underlying emotional challenges associated with BPD.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2048.v1

Characterization of Hypercapnia Effects in Experimental Models with or without Acute Lung Injury: A Scoping Review

Elber Osorio-Rodriguez, Jose Correa-Guerrero, Dairo Rodelo-Barrios, Maria Bonilla-Llanos, Jhonny Patiño-Patiño, Jesus Viera-Torres, Javier Enamorado-Giraldo, Gustavo Solano-Sopó, Carmelo Dueñas-Castell

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: acute lung injury; acute respiratory distress syndrome; hypercapnia; anti-inflammatory response; biological models

Online: 28 August 2024 (11:01:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1844.v1

Aminopeptidasic Enzymes as Early Biomarkers of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Long-Term Events

Noelia Rísquez Chica, Elisa Pereira, Francisco Manzano, María Mar Jiménez Quintana, Antonio Osuna, María Carmen Ruiz Fuentes, Rosemary Wangensteen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: acute kidney injury; aminopeptidases; biomarkers; tubular lesions; glomerular filtration rate; renal replacement therapy

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:18:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1005.v2

Weight-Bearing CT for Diseases around the Ankle Joint

Jahyung Kim, Jaeyoung Kim, Saintpee Kim, Young Yi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Weight-bearing; CT; ankle arthritis; syndesmosis injury; osteochondral lesion of talus; ankle instability

Online: 15 July 2024 (04:52:39 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1805.v1

A Fluorescent Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Detection of Skeletal Muscle Troponin I in Serum for Muscle Injury Monitoring at Point-of-Care

De Ding Tang, Shuang Wu, Meng Qi Kong, Zhao Nan Liu, Zong Hao Li, Ying Han, Qiang Shi, Ning Chang, Yan Gong, Jie Hu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: lateral flow immunoassay; sports medicine; exercise-induced muscle injury; point-of-care testing

Online: 26 June 2024 (09:58:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1740.v1

The Effects of Cathepsin B Inhibition in the Face of Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Intracranial Pressure Elevation

Martina Hernandez, Sean Regan, Rana Ansari, Amanda Logan-Wesley, Radina Lilova, Chelsea Levi, Karen Gorse, Audrey Lafrenaye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cathepsin B; Intracranial pressure; Neuronal Membrane disruption; Rat; Somatosensory sensitivity; Traumatic brain injury

Online: 27 May 2024 (11:21:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1381.v1

Acid Adaptation Enhances Tolerance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to High Voltage Atmospheric Cold Plasma in Raw Pineapple Juice

Allison Little, Aubrey Francis Mendonca, James Dickson, Paulo Fortes-Da-Silva, Terri Boylston, Braden Lewis, Shannon Coleman, Emalie Thomas-Popo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Acid adaptation; Escherichia coli O157:H7; cold plasma; pineapple juice; sub-lethal injury

Online: 21 May 2024 (11:50:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1194.v1

Evaluating serum and salivary free light chains levels as a potential indicator of acute kidney injury post cardiac surgery

Moazaz Rashad Saed, Thikra Hasan Mathkor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; cardiac surgery; serum Free Light Chain; salivary Free Light Chain

Online: 17 May 2024 (14:58:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0488.v1

Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in Glial Scar: A Bet on Remyelination

Davide Marangon, Juliana Helena Castro e Silva, Valentina Cerrato, Enrica Boda, Davide Lecca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: remyelination; oligodendrocytes; glia; astrocytes; proteoglycans; spinal cord injury; multiple sclerosis; demyelination; CNS lesion.

Online: 8 May 2024 (10:53:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0927.v1

Role and Therapeutic Potential of Non-coding RNAs in Astrocytes during Neonatal Brain Injury

Zhiyi Ye, Tianming Yuan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: astrocyte; non-coding RNAs; miRNAs; lncRNAs; circRNAs; neonatal brain injury; hypoxic-ischemic; neuroinflammation

Online: 13 December 2023 (11:00:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1953.v1

Restoration of Over-Ground Walking via Non-invasive Neuromodulation Therapy

Monzurul Alam, Yan To Ling, Md Akhlasur Rahman, Arnold Yu Lok Wong, Hui Zhong, V. Reggie Edgerton, Yong-Ping Zheng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: chronic spinal cord injury; sensorimotor rehabilitation; transcutaneous electrical stimulation; neuromodulation; over-ground walking

Online: 28 September 2023 (06:28:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1837.v1

Efficacy of Lemon Myrtle Essential Oil as a Bio-fungicide in Inhibiting Citrus Green Mould

M. M. Rahman, Ronald B.H. Wills, Michael C Bowyer, Van Q. Vuong, John B. Golding, Timothy Kirkman, Penta Pristijono

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Lemon myrtle; essential oil; citral; citrus fruit; rind injury; Penicillium digitatum; sensory test

Online: 27 September 2023 (07:20:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0691.v1

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Non-suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidality: Baseline Survey of the Chinese Adolescent Health Growth Cohort

Shuangshuang Guo, Ting Jiao, Ying Ma, Stephen P Lewis, Brooke A Ammerman, Ruoling Chen, Erica Thomasand, Yizhen Yu, Jie Tang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Adverse childhood experiences; Depressive symptoms; Anxiety symptoms; Non-suicidal self-injury; Suicidal behaviors

Online: 8 August 2023 (14:50:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1852.v1

Impact Analysis of Road Infrastructure and Traffic Control on Injury Severity of Single- and Multi-vehicle Crashes

Masayoshi Tanishita, Yuta Sekiguchi

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: injury severit; road infrastructure; traffic control; singe- and multi-vehicle crash; population density

Online: 27 June 2023 (05:46:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1055.v1

A Comprehensive Overview of Innovative Approaches to Prevent Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Bibliometric and In Silico Analyses

Myltykbay S. Rysmakhanov, Afshin Zare, Aibolat S. Smagulov, Nurgul A. Abenova, Nadiar M. Mussin, Yerlan B. Sultangereyev, Bazylbek S. Zhakiyev, Gani K. Kuttymuratov, Mehmet Haberal, Nazanin Jafari, Hanieh Baneshi, Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh, Mahdi Mahdipour, Farhad Rahmanifar, Amin Tamadon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Ischemia/reperfusion injury; Molecular docking; Bibliometric analysis; Kidney reperfusion; Kidney transplantation; Renal resection

Online: 27 April 2023 (07:25:20 CEST)

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Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex pathophysiological process that can lead to severe and irreversible consequences, including the complete loss of renal function. While standardized strategies for preventing IRI during "back-table" and cold preservation are available, various intraoperative prevention methods have been proposed to mitigate the harmful effects of warm ischemia and reperfusion of the kidney. These methods include pharmacological agents, mechanical interventions, and surgical techniques such as renal capsulotomy, ischemic preconditioning, venous blood reperfusion, renal perfusion, and the use of tissue engineering techniques like mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and/or decellularization. In this comprehensive analysis, we provide a detailed overview of pharmacological agents and intraoperative methods and approaches for the prevention and treatment of renal IRI. We begin by discussing the mechanisms of IRI and the challenges of preventing it during surgery. Then using a bibliometric analysis and molecular docking of brand-new legends we showed eplerenone have the most binding affinity to Aldehyde dehydrogenase (AD), Estrogen receptor (ER), Klotho protein, Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) for preventing IRI comparing with other available therapeutics, Benzodioxole, Hydrocortisone, Indoles, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and Niacinamide. Next, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the potential benefits and limitations of various prevention strategies, including an in-depth discussion of the mechanisms of action of pharmacological agents, mechanical interventions, and surgical techniques. Furthermore, we introduce a novel scoring system for the prevention methods of kidney IRI, which takes into account the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of each method. We then analyze the current state of clinical research in this area and discuss the implications of these methods for future clinical practice. Overall, this article provides a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers seeking to prevent and treat renal IRI in surgical settings, and introduces a new scoring system that can be used to guide the selection of the most effective and safe prevention methods.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0023.v1

Overexpression of the X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) in Neurons Improves Cell Survival and the Functional Outcome after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

David Reigada, Rodrigo M. Maza, Teresa Muñoz-Galdeano, María Asunción Barreda-Manso, Altea Soto, Dan Lindholm, Rosa Navarro-Ruíz, Manuel Nieto-Díaz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: spinal cord injury; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein; neuroprotection; apoptosis; transgenic mice

Online: 1 December 2022 (09:59:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0394.v1

Has the Timing of the Surgery a Major Role in Influencing Outcome in Elderly Patients with Acute Subdural Hematomas?

Gianluca Trevisi, Alba Scerrati, Oriela Rustemi, Luca Ricciardi, Tamara Ius, Anna Maria Auricchio, Pasquale De Bonis, Alessio Albanese, Annunziato Mangiola, Rosario Maugeri, Federico Nicolosi, Carmelo Lucio Sturiale

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: acute subdural hematoma; comorbidity; elderly; outcome; surgery; timing of surgery; traumatic brain injury

Online: 23 August 2022 (05:08:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0352.v1

A Novel Mitophagy Enhancer Protects Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation

Xin Yan, Xiang Gao, Shanshan Hou, Steffen Jockusch, K Michael Gibson, Lanrong Bi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Free radical scavenging, Autophagy, Ischemia/reperfusion injury, Hypox-ia/reoxygenation, Mitophagy

Online: 18 August 2022 (14:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0133.v1

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biofilm Forming Bacteria Act Synergistically to Modulate Proline Metabolism, Antioxidant Defense System and Aquaporin Genes Expression Under Drought Stress

Iqra Siddique, Tariq Shah, Ahmad Ali, Ijaz Ahmad, Roberto D'amato, Fazal Munsif

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Abscisic acid biosynthetic genes; aquaporins; Biofilm forming bacteria; growth traits; oxidative injury; Tomato

Online: 8 August 2022 (05:48:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0065.v1

Upper Limb Robotic Rehabilitation for Patients With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Review

Giovanni Morone, Alessandro De Sire, Alex Martino Cinnera, Matteo Paci, Luca Perrero, Marco Invernizzi, Lorenzo Lippi, Marialuisa Gandolfi, Michela Agostini, Irene Aprile, Emanuela Casanova, Dario Marino, Giuseppe La Rosa, Federica Bressi, Silvia Sterzi, Daniele Giansanti, Alberto Battistini, Sandra Miccinilli, Serena Filoni, Monica Sicari, Salvatore Petrozzino, Claudio Marcello Solaro, Stefano Gargano, Paolo Benanti, Paolo Boldrini, Donatella Bonaiuti, Enrico Castelli, Francesco Draicchio, Vincenzo Falabella, Silvia Galeri, Francesca Gimigliano, Mauro Grigioni, Stefano Mazzoleni, Stefano Mazzon, Franco Molteni, Maurizio Petrarca, Alessandro Picelli, Federico Posteraro, Michele Senatore, Giuseppe Turchetti, Sofia Straudi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cervical spinal cord injury; Arm function; Exoskeleton; Robot-assisted therapy; Robotic therapy; Rehabilitation.

Online: 3 November 2021 (08:35:46 CET)

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The upper extremities limitation represents one of the essential functional impairments in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. Electromechanics assisted devices and robots are increasingly used in neurorehabilitation to help functional improvement in patients with neurological diseases. This review aimed to systematically report the evidence-based, state-of-art on clinical applications and robotic-assisted arm training (RAT) in motor and functional recovery in subjects affected by cervical spinal cord injury. The present study has been carried out within the framework of the Italian Consensus Conference on "Rehabilitation assisted by robotic and electromechanical devices for persons with disability of neurological origin" (CICERONE). PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) databases were systematically searched from inception to September 2021. The 10-item PEDro scale assessed the study quality for the RCT and the AMSTAR-2 for the systematic review. Two different authors rated the studies included in this review. If consensus was not achieved after discussion, a third reviewer was interrogated. The 5-item Oxford CEBM scale was used to rate the level of evidence. A total of 11 studies were included. The selected studies were: two systematic reviews, two RCTs, one parallel-group controlled trial, one longitudinal intervention study and five case series. One RCT was scored as a high-quality study, while the systematic review was of low quality. RAT was reported as feasible and safe. Initial positive effects of RAT were found for arm function and quality of movement in addition to conventional therapy. The high clinical heterogeneity of treatment programs and the variety of robot devices could severely affect the generalizability of the study results; therefore, future studies are warranted to standardize the type of intervention and evaluate the role of robotic-assisted training in subjects affected by cervical spinal cord injury.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0552.v1

Abnormal Liver Biochemistry Tests and Acute Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: Current Evidence and Potential Pathogenesis

Donovan A. McGrowder, Fabian Miller, Melisa Anderson Cross, Lennox Anderson-Jackson, Sophia Bryan, Lowell Dilworth

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Liver; biochemistry tests; function; COVID-19; injury; SARS-CoV-2; infection; severity; mortality

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:14:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0558.v1

Continence Status and Presence of Pressure Skin Injury Among Special Elderly Nursing Home Residents in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Motofumi Suzuki, Megumi Kodaira, Keiko Suyama, Taro Murata, Haruki Kume

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: urinary incontinence; fecal incontinence; double incontinence; pressure skin injury; special elderly nursing home

Online: 24 February 2021 (16:56:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0424.v1

Genistein Loaded Nanofibers Protect Spinal Cord Tissue Following Experimental Injury in Rats

Mohamed Ismail, Sara Ibrahim, Azza Elamir, Amira M. Elrafei, Nageh Allam, Ahmed Abdellatif

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Genistein; nanofibers; spinal cord injury; inflammation; SOD; NO; MDA; IL-10; TNF-α

Online: 20 September 2018 (17:11:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0851.v1

Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles

Matjaž Kopač

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: acute kidney injury; children; diuretics; urine output; hypervolemia; electrolytes; acid-base balance; kidney perfusion

Online: 11 October 2024 (04:12:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1934.v1

Fluid Overload in Children Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplant: A Cause for Concern?

Lama Elbahlawan, Amr Qudeimat, Ray Morrison, Alexandra Schaller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Fluid overload; fluid accumulation; hematopoietic cell transplant; pediatrics; critically ill; outcome; acute kidney injury

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:24:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1905.v1

The Protective Role of Intermedin in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Enhancing Peritubular Capillary Endothelial Cell Adhesion and Integrity through the cAMP/Rac1 Pathway

Tingting Gao, Ruiyuan Gu, Heng Wang, Lizheng Li, Jie Hu, Bojin Zhang, Qinqin Tian, Runze Chang, Sheng Yan, Ruijing Zhang, Guoping Zheng, Honglin Dong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury; Contrast media; Intermedin; peritubular capillaries; Endothelial barrier; cAMP; Rac1

Online: 27 August 2024 (11:18:26 CEST)

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Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a common complication in hospital-acquired renal conditions, yet its pathogenesis remains unclear and effective treatments are limited. Intermedin (IMD), a peptide related to the calcitonin gene, exhibits vasodilatory and endothelial barrier-stabilizing effects via the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR). However, the potential of IMD in mitigating CIAKI has not been thoroughly investigated. Aims: This study aimed to delineate the protective role of IMD in CIAKI through both in vitro and in vivo models, with a particular focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms, specifically the cAMP/Rac1 signaling pathway. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with iohexol to simulate kidney injury in vitro. The protective effects of IMD were evaluated using the CCK8 assay, flow cytometry, ELISA, and western blotting. A CIAKI rat model was developed to assess renal peritubular capillary endothelial cell injury and renal function using a range of techniques, including histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy. Results: In vitro, IMD significantly enhanced HUVEC viability and mitigated iohexol-induced toxicity by preserving intercellular adhesion junctions and activating the cAMP/Rac1 pathway. The protective effects of IMD were attenuated by Rac1 inhibition. In vivo, CIAKI caused considerable damage to peritubular capillary endothelial cell junctions, leading to impaired renal function. IMD treatment markedly improved renal function, an effect that was abolished by Rac1 inhibition. Conclusion: IMD protects against renal injury in CIAKI by activating the cAMP/Rac1 pathway, thereby preserving the integrity of peritubular capillary endothelial cells and mitigating acute renal injury induced by contrast media. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of IMD in CIAKI and emphasize the critical role of the cAMP/Rac1 pathway in renal protection.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1002.v1

A Real-World Data Analysis of the Impact of Liposomal Amphotericin B on Renal Function Using Machine Learning in Critical Ill Patients

Ignasi Sacanella, Erika Esteve-Pitarch, Jessica Guevara-Chaux, Julen Berrueta, Alejandro García-Martínez, Josep Gómez, Cecilia Casarino, Florencia Alés, Laura Canadell, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Santiago Grau, Francisco Javier Candel, María Bodí, Alejandro Rodríguez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Liposomal amphotericin B; Acute Kidney Injury; Machine learning; Critical Care; Antifungal agents; Random Forest

Online: 15 July 2024 (15:52:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1669.v1

Enhancing Performance And Reducing Injury Risk: Integrating Resistance And Flexibility Training For Hamstring Injury Prevention In Rural-based Soccer Players– A Narrative Review

Nontokozo Myeza, Nolwazi Mdladla, Nduduzo Shandu

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Injury prevention; strength training; range of motion training; soccer; rural areas; sports performance enhancement

Online: 27 May 2024 (09:48:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1804.v1

The Effect of Lower Limb Combined Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Skeletal Muscle Cross-sectional Area and Inflammatory Signaling

Amal Alharbi, Jia Li, Erika Womack, Matthew Farrow, Ceren Yarar-Fisher

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury; Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation; Inflammatory Signaling; Muscle Cross-Sectional Area; Myofiber Adaptation

Online: 28 April 2024 (08:02:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1308.v1

Final Validation of the Quality of Life after Brain Injury for Children and Adolescents after Traumatic Brain Injury (QOLIBRI-KID/ADO) Questionnaire

Nicole von Steinbuechel, Marina Zeldovich, Dagmar Timmermann, Ugne Krenz, Inga K. Koerte, Michaela V. Bonfert, Steffen Berweck, Matthias Kieslich, Marlene Henrich, Knut Brockmann, Anna Buchheim, Maike Roediger, Michael Lendt, Christian Auer, Axel Neu, Alexander Kaiser, Joenna Driemeyer, Sven Greving, Ulrike Wartemann, Daniel Pinggera, Claudius Thome, Joachim Suss, Holger Muehlan, Katrin Cunitz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: health-related quality of life (HRQoL); pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI); QOLIBRI-KID/ADO

Online: 22 February 2024 (13:22:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0753.v1

Focal Traumatic Brain Injury Impairs Integrity of Basement Membrane of Hindlimb Muscle Fibers Revealed by Extracellular Matrix Immunoreactivity

Mette Albæk Kristensen, Karen Kalhøj Rich, Tobias Christian Mogensen, Åsa Fex Svenningsen, Mengliang Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: traumatic brain injury; hindlimb postural asymmetry; motor deficits; extracellular matrix; laminin; collagen type IV

Online: 13 February 2024 (15:29:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0361.v1

Spatial Computational Hepatic Molecular Biomarker Reveals LSECs Role in Mid Lobular Liver Zonation Fibrosis in DILI and NASH Induced Liver Injury

Munish Puri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: DILI; NASH; liver zonation marker; bridging fibrosis; spatial transcriptomics; liver injury; computational biomarker; LSEC

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:10:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1224.v1

Association of WBC Levels With All-Cause Mortality in ICU Patients Receiving CRRT: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Haowen Huang, Feng Huang, Jie Zhou, Zhiqin Zhang, Yuan Ren, Sansi Chang, Jun Xue

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: acute kidney injury; continuous renal replacement therapy; intensive care unit; cox regression; prediction model

Online: 20 November 2023 (07:53:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2188.v1

Dynamic Emotion Recognition and Social Inference Ability in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Eye-Tracking Comparison Study

Leanne Greene, John Reidy, Nick Morton, Alistair Atherton, Lynne A. Barker

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: traumatic brain injury; social cognition; emotion recognition; eye tracking; fixation; visual processing; dynamic stimuli

Online: 31 August 2023 (13:16:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1771.v1

It’s written in the Clot: Rotational Thromboelastometry in Severe Burn Injury – A Holistic Coagulation Assessment

Eirini Nikolaidou, Andriana Lazaridou, Christina Iasonidou, Alexandra Tsaroucha, Sophia Papadopoulou, Eleni Kaldoudi, Apostolos Sovatzidis, Despoina Kakagia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Severe Burn Injury; coagulation; Rotational Thromboelastometry; Viscoelastic Coagulation Assays; Conventional Coagulation Assays; Coagulation Factors

Online: 26 July 2023 (07:31:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1501.v1

Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury

Victoria Mihailova, Irina I. Stoyanova, Anton B. Tonchev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: glial cells; astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; NG2 glia; microglia; human brain; ischemic brain injury; transcription factors

Online: 21 July 2023 (10:28:46 CEST)

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There is a growing interest in glial cells in the central nervous system due to their important role in maintaining brain homeostasis both under physiological conditions and after injury. A significant amount of evidence has been accumulated regarding their capacity to exert either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects under different pathological conditions. In combination with their known proliferative potential, they contribute not only to the limitation of brain damage and tissue remodeling but also to neuronal repair and synaptic recovery. Moreover, reactive glial cells can modulate the processes of neurogenesis, proliferation, and migration of neurons in the existing neural circuits in the adult brain. By discovering precise signals within specific niches, the regulation of sequential processes in adult neurogenesis holds the potential to unlock strategies that can stimulate the generation of functional neurons, whether in response to injury or as a means of addressing degenerative neurological conditions. Cerebral ischemic stroke, a condition falling within the realm of acute vascular disorders affecting the circulation of the brain, stands as a prominent global cause of disability and mortality. Extensive investigations into glial plasticity and their intricate interactions with other cells in the central nervous system have predominantly relied on studies conducted on experimental animals, including rodents and primates. However, valuable insights have also been gleaned from in vivo studies involving post-stroke patients, utilizing highly specialized imaging techniques. Following the attempts to map brain cells, the role of various transcription factors in modulating gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia is gaining increasing popularity. Although the results obtained thus far remain incomplete and occasionally ambiguous, they serve as a solid foundation for the development of strategies aimed at influencing the recovery process after ischemic brain injury.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0644.v1

Inflammatory Biomarkers in mTBI

Ioannis Mavroudis, Alin Ciobica, Ioana Miruna Balmus, Alina Costina Luca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: mild traumatic brain injury; post-concussion syndrome; neuroinflammation; pro-inflammatory cytokines; diagnosis; outcomes; recovery.

Online: 8 June 2023 (11:36:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0344.v1

Endothelial Function and Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Preconditioning in Coronary Surgery with a Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Randomized Clinical Trial

Irina A. Mandel, Yuriy K. Podoksenov, Sergey L. Mikheev, Irina V. Suhodolo, Yulia S. Svirko, Vladimir M. Shipulin, Andrey G. Yavorovskiy, Andrey I. Yaroshetskiy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: oxygen transport; cardioprotection; hypoxic-hyperoxic preconditioning; ischemia-reperfusion injury; cardiopulmonary bypass; endothelial damage markers

Online: 20 February 2023 (15:14:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0214.v1

Lung-Heart Toxicity in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Hypofractionated Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer

Hilde Van Parijs, Elsa Cecilia-Joseph, Olena Gorobets, Guy Storme, Nele Adriaenssens, Benedicte Heyndrickx, Claire Verschraegen, Nam P. Nguyen, Mark De Ridder, Vincent Vinh-Hung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast; Targeted Radiotherapy; Lung injury; Heart injuries; Health-Related Quality Of Life; Irradiation toxicity.

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:17:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0244.v1

Post-injury Buprenorphine Administration Is Associated With Long-Term Region-Specific Glial Alterations in Rats

Jane Ryu, Pantea Jeizan, Saira Ahmed, Sareena Ehsan, Jefin Jose, Sean Regan, Karen Gorse, Corrina Kelliher, Audrey Lafrenaye

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Traumatic brain injury; buprenorphine; Bup-SR-Lab; microglia; astrocyte; myelin, membrane disruption; somatosensory sensitivity

Online: 12 August 2022 (13:52:14 CEST)

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major leading cause of death and disability. While previous studies regarding focal pathologies following TBI have been done, there is a lack of information concerning the role of analgesics and their influences on injury pathology. Buprenorphine (Bup), an opioid analgesic, is a commonly used analgesic in experimental TBI models. Our previous studies investigated the acute effects of Buprenorphine-sustained release-Lab (Bup-SR-Lab) on diffuse neuronal/glial pathology, neuroinflammation, cell damage, and systemic physiology. The current study investigated the longer-term chronic outcomes of Bup-SR-Lab treatment at 4 weeks following TBI utilizing a central fluid percussion injury (cFPI) model in adult male rats. Histological assessments of physiological changes, neuronal damage, cortical and thalamic cytokine expression, microglial and astrocyte morphological changes, and myelin alterations were done, as we had done in our acute study. In the current study the Whisker Nuisance Task (WNT) was also performed pre- and 4w post-injury to assess changes in somatosensory sensitivity following saline or Bup-SR-Lab treatment. Bup-SR-Lab treatment had no impact on overall physiology or neuronal damage at 4w post-injury regardless of region or injury, nor did it have any significant effects on somatosensory sensitivity. However, greater IL-4 cytokine expression with Bup-SR-Lab treatment was observed compared to saline treated animals. Microglia and astrocytes also demonstrated region-specific morphological alterations associated with Bup-SR-Lab treatment, in which cortical microglia and thalamic astrocytes were particularly vulnerable to Bup-mediated changes. There were discernable injury-specific and region-specific differences regarding myelin integrity and changes in specific myelin basic protein (MBP) isoform expression following Bup-SR-Lab treatment. This study indicates that use of Bup-SR-Lab could impact TBI-induced glial alterations in a region-specific manor 4w following diffuse brain injury.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0478.v1

Peripheral Nerve Injury Treatments and Advances: One Health Perspective

Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Rui Alvites, Mariana Branquinho, Ana Sousa, Carla Mendonça, Luís Miguel Atayde, Ana Lúcia Luís, Artur S. P. Varejão, and Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Nerve Guide Conduits; Nerve recovery; One Health; Peripheral nerve injury; Secretome

Online: 30 December 2021 (07:35:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0062.v1

Creatinine Trends and Patterns in Neonates Undergoing Whole Body Hypothermia: A Systematic Review

Noor Borloo, Anne Smits, Liesbeth Thewissen, Pieter Annaert, Karel Allegaert

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: creatinine; cystatin C; asphyxia; whole body hypothermia; acute kidney injury; renal clearance; kidney function.

Online: 5 May 2021 (13:27:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0227.v3

Therapeutic Approach for Global Myocardial Injury Using Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Cardiac Support Device in Rats

Ziwei Liu, Muhammad Naveed, Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig, Reyaj Mikrani, Qin Zhan, Kashif Dar, Cuican Li, Muhammad Asim Farooq, Muhammad Saeed, Xiaohui Zhou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: global myocardial injury; BMSCs; active cardiac support device (ASD); stem cell treatment; epicardial delivery

Online: 7 September 2020 (07:30:47 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A Novel Clinical Research Modality for Enrolling Diverse Participants Using a Diverse Team

Phoebe Lay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: brain injuries; traumatic brain injury; children; diversity; student-led; participant-focused; recruitment; sample; methods

Online: 7 July 2020 (04:42:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0054.v2

Is Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Combined with a Specific Rehabilitation Program (rESWT + RP) More Effective than Sham-rESWT + RP for Acute Hamstring Muscle Complex Injury Type 3b in Athletes? Study Protocol for a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Single Centre Trial

Javier Crupnik, Santiago Silveti, Natalia Wajnstein, Alejandro Rolon, Alisa Vollhardt, Peter Stiller, Christoph Schmitz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: acute hamstring muscle complex injury; radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy; rESWT, RSWT; soccer medicine

Online: 14 July 2019 (09:01:08 CEST)

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Background: Acute injuries of the hamstring muscle complex (HMC) Type 3b (interfascicle / bundle-tear) are frequently observed in various sports disciplines both in elite and recreational sport. The treatment of choice of acute HMC injuries Type 3b is a progressive physiotherapeutic exercise program. Besides this, there is currently only insufficient scientific evidence to support other treatment methods, including local infiltrations and injections of platelet-rich-plasma. Very recently it was demonstrated that extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) may accelerate regeneration after acute skeletal muscle injury. The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that the combination of radial ESWT (rESWT) and a specific rehabilitation program (RP) is effective and safe in treatment of acute HMC injury Type 3b in athletes, and is statistically significantly more effective than the combination of sham-rESWT and RP. Methods/Design: We will perform a double blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial at the clinic KinEf Kinesiología Deportiva, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fourty patients with acute HMC injury Type 3b will be randomly allocated to receive either rESWT (nine rESWT sessions; three sessions per week; 2500 radial extracorporeal shock waves (rESWs) per session; energy density depending on what the patient tolerates) or sham-rESWT. In addition, all patients will receive a specific rehabilitation program that will last for eight weeks. The primary outcome measure will be the individual time (days) necessary to return to play. Secondary outcomes will include the presence or absence of reinjury during a time period of six months after inclusion into the study. Discussion: Because of the lack of adequate treatment options for acute HMC injury Type 3b in athletes and particularly the high reinjury rate, we hypothesize that the results of this trial will be of importance and have impact on clinical practice. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03473899. Registered March 22, 2018.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0105.v1

Histidine–Tryptophan-–Ketoglutarate Solution as a Neuroprotective Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Jiun Hsu, Chih-Hsien Wang, Shu-Chien Huang, Yung-Wei Chen, Shengpin Yu, Juey-Jen Huang, Jou-Wei Lin, Ming-Chih Ma, Yih-Sharng Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: 1; brain protection 2; HTK 3; cardiac arrest 4; hypoxic injury 5; HIF-1α

Online: 5 October 2018 (15:45:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0070.v1

Microwave Digital Twin Prototype for the Shoulder Injury Detection

Sahar Borzooei, Pierre-Henri Tournier, Victorita Dolean, Claire Migliaccio

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Machine learning; Numerical modeling; Microwave sensing system; Tendon injury; SVM classification; Microwave Digital Twin Prototype

Online: 2 September 2024 (10:57:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1982.v1

Investigating Elbow Dislocation and Instability: A 3D Finite Element Analysis Approach

Samer Al Kork, Karim Youssef, Sherif Said, Fahmi Elsayed, Taha Beyrouthy, Abdullah Karar, Zaher Al Barakeh, Edward Abraham, Farid Amirouche

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Finite Element Modeling; Elbow Dislocation; MRI; CT Scan; Simpleware ScanIP; bio-mechanics; Ansys; sport injury

Online: 29 May 2024 (14:59:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0634.v1

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in the Wake of the Eid al-Adha: A Single-Center, Five-Year Experience

Mehmet Tapan, Burak Yaşar, Hasan Murat Ergani, Süleyman Can Ceylan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: eid al-adha, extensor tendon injuries, flexor pollicis longus tendon injury, hand surgery, maxillofacial trauma

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:36:39 CEST)

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