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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0894.v1

Preservation of Vocal Function in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Patients Following Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy (PDT) and Adjuvant Therapies

Jae-Kook Yoo, Soon-Hee Kwon, Sul-Hee Yoon, Jung-Eun Lee, Je-Hyeok Jung, Jong-Eun Jun, Sang-Yoon Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy (PDT); placenta extract injection therapy; low-frequency electrical stimulation; respiratory rehabilitation; swallowing rehabilitation therapy

Online: 11 July 2024 (12:30:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1548.v1

Design, Development and Application of a Modular Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) Sensor for Near-Surface Geophysical Surveys

Luzian Wolf, Adrian Flores Orozco

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: electromagnetic induction; low induction number; EMI; terrain conductivity meter; geophysics; near-surface survey; agrogeophysics; hydrogeophysics; open hardware.

Online: 23 May 2024 (12:08:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0649.v2

The Fine Thread between Stability and Randomness of the Non-stationary D/M/1 Queue’s GI/M/1 Pointwise of Stationary Fluid Flow Approximation Model with Application Ultra-Low Latency of Autonomous Driving Service

Ismail A Mageed, Amina Becheroul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: State variable; mean arrival rate; time; time dependent root parameter; PSFFA; ultra-low latency; autonomous driving service

Online: 16 May 2024 (11:55:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0717.v1

Thermal Emittance Measurement of Very Low-Emissive Materials for Solar Thermal Applications

Eliana Gaudino, Umar Farooq, Antonio Caldarelli, Paolo Strazzullo, Daniela De Luca, Emiliano Di Gennaro, Marilena Musto, Roberto Russo

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: thermal emittance; calorimetric measurements procedure; selective solar absorbers; high vacuum flat plate collectors; very low thermal emittance

Online: 10 May 2024 (18:30:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0664.v1

A Photogrammetric Assessment of Incorrect Sitting Posture Leading to Low Back Pain

Valentina Markova, Miroslav Markov, Zornica Petrova, Silviya Filkova

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: photogrammetry; MSDs; low back pain; ergonomics; incorrect sitting posture; postural angles, body markers, self-assessment; ML models

Online: 10 May 2024 (11:38:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1752.v1

DATIV – Remote Enhancement of Smart Aerosol Measurement System Using Raspberry Pi Based Distributed Sensors

Gazi Hasanuzzaman, Tom Buchwald, Christoph Schunk, Christoph Egbers, Andreas Schröder, Uwe Hampel

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: particulate matter; COVID-19; distributed sensors; Raspberry Pi; WiFi; open source; low cost measurement system; indoor ventilation

Online: 26 April 2024 (12:36:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1329.v1

The Relationship between Indoor and Outdoor PM2.5 in a High-Rise Building in Chicago Monitored by PurpleAir Sensors

Megan M. Wenner, Anna Ries-Roncalli, Mena C. R. Whalen, Ping Jing

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: fine particulate matter; PM2.5; indoor air pollution; Chicago; high-rise buildings; PurpleAir; low-cost sensors; vertical variation

Online: 22 March 2024 (04:50:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1103.v1

A New Rotary Magnetorheological Damper for a Semi-Active Suspension System of low-Floor Vehicles

Yu-Jin Park, Byung-Hyuk Kang, Seung-Bok Choi

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Magnetorheological Fluid; Rotary MR damper; Low-Floor Vehicles; Finite Element Analysis; Magnetic Analysis; Response Time; Damping Force

Online: 19 March 2024 (07:09:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0107.v1

Self-Reported Speed Compliance and Drivers Speeding Behaviour in Cameroon

Stephen Kome Fondzenyuy, Christian Steven Fowo, Steffel Ludivin Feudjio Tezong, Davide Shingo Usami, Luca Persia

Subject: Social Sciences, Transportation Keywords: road safety; speeding behavior; speed compliance; speeding intention; theory of planned behavior; low- and middle-income countries

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:37:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0790.v1

Unraveling the Complex Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Multiple Prions, Cross-β Networks and Baicalein's ReproFold

Hsiang-Yu Chang, I-Fan Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases, prion-like low complexity domain, amyloid, SMN1, TDP-43, physiological cross-β interactome, baicalein, ReproFold.

Online: 14 February 2024 (09:26:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0426.v1

Impact Damage Prediction of Carbon Fiber Foam Sandwich Structure Based on Hashin Failure Criterion

Kang Yang, Yunpeng ZHANG, Yong YANG, Ji WANG, Zan LV, Dongqing HE

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: carbon fiber foam sandwich structure； Hashin failure criterion； low-velocity impact；impact damage； finite element numerical simulation

Online: 7 February 2024 (12:14:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0697.v1

Research on High Performance Driving System of High Power Semiconductor Laser

FENG BIN, JunFeng ZHAO, HaoFei Zhang, Tao Li, JianJu Ml

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: high power semiconductor laser; Constant Current Driving; LCC-type resonant-circuit; Low Ripple; Laser Drive Power Circuit

Online: 10 November 2023 (11:36:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0164.v1

Testing Rogowski Coil with Digital Output for Smart Grid

Mayada Daboul, Jaroslava Orságová

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Low-Power Current Transformer; Rogowski Coil; Merging Unit; IEC 61850-9-2; Precision Time Protocol; Calibration procedure

Online: 4 October 2023 (02:26:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1602.v1

Association of Serum Estradiol with PCSK9 Levels and Lipid Profile in Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Anna Papanikolaou, Georgia Anastasiou, Fotios Barkas, Constantinos Tellis, Konstantinos Zikopoulos, Evangelos Liberopoulos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: estrogens; proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; lipoprotein; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; cholesterol; lipids; in vitro fertilization

Online: 23 August 2023 (09:18:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0500.v1

Thymol@activated Carbon Nanohybrid for Low-Density Polyeth-Ylene Based Active Packaging Films for Pork Fillets Shelf-Life Extension

Aris E. Giannakas, Vassilios K. Karabagias, Dimitrios Moschovas, Areti Leontiou, Ioannis K. Karabagias, Stavros Georgopoulos, Andreas Karydis-Messinis, Konstantinos Zaharioudakis, Nikolaos Andritsos, George Kehayias, Apostolos Avgeropoulos, Charalampos Proestos, Constantinos Ε Salmas

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: activated carbon; thymol; low-density polyethylene; active packaging; control release; kinetics; pork fillets; heme iron; shelf life

Online: 7 June 2023 (07:09:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0203.v1

Cost-Effective PCR-Based Identification of Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera) Larvae Extracted From Soil Samples Containing PCR Inhibitor-Rich Material

Billy L. Amugune, Abneel K. Matharu, Paul Ouma, Francis Mutebi, Lynne Elson, Ulrike Fillinger, Jürgen Krücken

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Tungiasis; Tunga penetrans; molecular entomology; DNA isolation; Phusion® polymerase; FIREpol® Taq polymerase; low-cost PCR,

Online: 10 November 2022 (11:19:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0447.v1

Critical Appraisal of Current Acute LBP Management and the Role of a Multimodal Approach

Magdi Hanna, Serge Perrot, Giustino Varrassi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: low-back pain (LBP); guidelines; gaps; evidence-based; acute pain; analgesics; multimodal analgesia; fixed doses combination (FDC)

Online: 26 August 2022 (04:36:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0022.v1

Key Challenges and Emerging Technologies in Industrial IoT Architectures: A Review

Akseer Ali Mirani, Gustavo Velasco-Hernandez, Anshul Awasthi, Joseph Walsh

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: blockchain; Edge/Fog computing; IIoT architectures; Industry 4.0; interoperability; low latency; reliability; scalability; security; Software-Defined Networking

Online: 1 July 2022 (17:11:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0208.v1

Evolutionary and Gene Expression Analyses Reveal New Insights into the Role of LSU Gene-Family in Plant Responses to Sulfate-Deficiency

Felipe Uribe, Carlos Henríquez-Valencia, Anita Arenas-M, Joaquín Medina, Elena A. Vidal, Javier Canales

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: sulfate deficiency; Arabidopsis thaliana; Solanum lycopersicum; Triticum aestivum; LSU; response to low sulfur; abiotic stress; sulfur nutrition

Online: 22 April 2022 (03:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0283.v1

Particulate Matter Measurement with Low-Cost Sensors—Investigation of Data Quality and the Benefit of Data Correction Approaches

Tobias von Kuyck-Studzinski, Thoralf Buller, Alexander Conrad

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: fine dust measurement (PM2.5, PM10); LoRaWAN; internet of things; low-cost sensors; SDS011; level-indication measurements; sustainability

Online: 22 February 2022 (20:10:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0141.v2

Effectiveness of Health Education Given To Prevent Back Pain In Women: Pre- And Post-Test Study

Elizabeth Olubunmi Babalola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: low back pain; women; exercise; physical activity; health education; Oswestry Disability Index; Back Pain Functional Scale; ergonomics

Online: 10 May 2021 (14:07:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0276.v1

Basic Modifications of "Floating" Differential Stages Based on Complementary Field-Effect Transistors with a Control p-n Junction

Vladislav Chumakov, Nikolay Prokopenko, Ilja Pakhomov, Alexey Titov

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: log microcircuit; differential stage; complementary field-effect transistors with control p-n junction; low temperatures; neutron flux

Online: 12 April 2021 (09:40:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0595.v1

Adaptive Volt-VAr Control Algorithm to Grid Strength and PV Inverter Characteristics

Toni Cantero Gubert, Alba Colet, Lluc Canals Casals, Cristina Corchero, Jose Luís Domínguez-García, Amelia Alvarez de Sotomayor, William Martin, Yves Stauffer, Pierre-Jean Alet

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Distributed power generation; low-voltage; test facilities; standards; voltage regulation; reactive power; microgrids; photovoltaic systems; optimization methods

Online: 26 February 2021 (08:23:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0580.v1

Comparing Statistical and Neural Machine Translation Performance on Hindi-to-Tamil and English-to-Tamil

Akshai Ramesh, Venkatesh Balavadhani Parthasarathy, Andy Way, Rejwanul Haque

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Machine Translation; Statistical Machine Translation; Neural Machine Translation; Terminology Translation; Low-resource Machine Translation; Byte-Pair Encoding

Online: 23 December 2020 (09:52:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0271.v1

Treatment of Patients with Low Back Pain: A Comparison of Physical Therapy and Chiropractic Manipulation

Nima Khodakarami

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: chiropractic; physical therapy; treatment outcome; low back pain; therapy; economics; patient satisfaction; recurrence; health care costs; illness

Online: 20 December 2019 (07:41:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0088.v1

Alternative Methods for Preheating Outdoor Ventilation Air

Anna Romanska-Zapala, Mark Bomberg, Miroslaw Dechnik, Malgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak, Marcin Furtak

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: earth-air heat exchanger; energy efficiency; low-energy buildings; using thermal mass; smart and integrated control systems

Online: 8 October 2019 (10:52:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0130.v1

Association between Anemia in Children 6 to 23 Months Old and Child, Mother, Household and Feeding Indicators

Alberto Prieto-Patron, Klazine Van der Horst, Zsuzsa V. Hutton, Patrick Detzel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: anemia; infancy and toddlerhood; low and middle-income countries; demographic and health survey; infant feeding; multilevel regression

Online: 9 July 2018 (11:14:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0058.v1

Effects of Domain Boundaries on the Diffraction Patterns of One Dimensional Structures

Frederic Timmer, Joachim Wollschläger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: spot-profile analysis; one dimensional physics; low energy electron diffraction; binary surface technique; supercell model; domain boundary

Online: 10 November 2016 (15:50:29 CET)

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Motivated by diffraction experiments on the

(2 \sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}) R 30^{\circ}

reconstructed Si(111) due to deposition of rare earth elements (Dy, Tb) and silicide formation we analyse the splitting and non-splitting of superstructure spots. For this purpose, we model diffraction patterns for one dimensional structures generated by the binary surface technique and use supercell models to keep the analysis simple. Diffraction pattern are calculated in the framework of the kinematical diffraction theory and they are analyzed as a function of the domains and domain boundaries. Basic properties of the diffraction pattern are analyzed for model systems of a two-fold and a three-fold periodicity. The rules derived from these calculations are applied to the "real-world" system of Si(111)-(

(2 \sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}) R 30^{\circ}

)-RESi

2

(RE = Dy or Tb). Depending on the combination of domains and domain boundaries of different types a plethora of different features are observed in the diffraction patterns. These are analyzed to determine the sizes of both domain boundaries and domains from experimentally observed splitting of specific superstructure spots.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2352.v1

Plasma Functional Proteins: A Sustainable Solution to Reduce Postweaning Diarrhea Without Compromising Piglet Growth

Javier Polo, Yanbin Shen, Laia Blavi, Laia Sobrevia, Simon Tibble, Joe Crenshaw, Núria Tous, David Torrallardona

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Low protein diets; Nursery diets; Spray-dried plasma; Zinc Oxide alternative; Sustainable pig farming; Circular economy; Feed efficiency

Online: 30 October 2024 (09:55:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0994.v1

Advances in Room Temperature of Indium Aluminum Nitride InAlN Deposition via Co-Sputtering DC for Solar Energy Applications

Juan David Cañón Bermudez, Luis Fernando Mulcué-Nieto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: InAlN solar cells; co-sputtering DC; room temperature; optical properties; morphological properties; low-cost synthesis; Indium Aluminum Nitride

Online: 12 September 2024 (12:58:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0383.v1

Identifying Oversold Levels and Developing Low-Frequency Trading Algorithms for the S&P 500: An Analysis Using Stochastic Oscillator, Williams %R, and Trading Volume

Chan Kyu Paik, Jinhee Choi, Ivan Ureta Vaquero

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: investment; trading; algorithm trading; market timing; ETF; S&; P 500; low-frequency trading; hit ratio, volume; oversold

Online: 4 September 2024 (16:27:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2180.v1

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Bone-Implant Contact in Three Short Dental Implant Models with Varying Osseointegration Percentages

Dawit Bogale Alemayehu, Masahiro Todoh, Song-Jeng Huang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Biomechanical; Osseo-integration; Low-density; High-density; Cancellous bone; Short dental implant; Finite element analysis; bone-implant contact

Online: 29 August 2024 (14:26:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2106.v1

Low-Dose Oral Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin Infusion For Induction Of Labor In Pregnant Women With Term Premature Rupture Of Membranes in China: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study

Yike Yang, Zhiheng Yu, Huifeng Shi, Yan Wang, Yangyu Zhao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Premature rupture of membrane; Oxytocin infusion; Oral low-dose misoprostol; Vaginal delivery; Failed induction of labor; Postpartum hemorrhage

Online: 26 July 2024 (06:17:37 CEST)

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Oxytocin is recommended as the first-line choice for labor induction in term pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM); however, it can occasionally lead to failed induction and delivery complications. The primary objective of this study was to compare delivery information and outcomes following the administration of oxytocin infusion or oral low-dose misoprostol solution for labor induction in term PROM women with an unfavorable cervical condition. Methods: A prospective nested case-control study was conducted at a tertiary general hospital in China from March 2020 to February 2024, comparing oxytocin infusion and oral administration of 25ug misoprostol every 2 hours for labor induction in term PROM women with a Bishop score <6. A total of 449 mothers were included, with 282 in the oxytocin group and 167 in the misoprostol group. Results: The rates of vaginal delivery and failed induction were similar between the two groups. The duration of total labor time was shorter in the misoprostol group. There were no significant differences observed regarding the incidence of uterine hyperstimulation, fetal stress, or suspected intrauterine infection between the two groups; however, there was a markedly higher incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and severe PPH but lower postpartum urinary retention (PPUR) observed in the oxytocin group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that misoprostol administration demonstrated a negative relationship (aOR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.21-0 .95) with failed labor induction outcomes, while IVF-ET showed a positive association (aOR:3.12; 95% CI:1.49-6.43). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation identified between misoprostol administration and occurrence of PPH (aOR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.27-0.85). Conclusions: Oral low-dose misoprostol has demonstrated both safe and superior efficacy to oxytocin infusion for labor induction and may potentially reduce the incidence of failed induction and associated with a decreased risk of PPH were observed in the misoprostol group in term PROM pregnant women with unfavorable cervical condition.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1749.v1

Low-Resource Time-to-Digital Converters for Field 4 Programmable Gate Arrays: A Review

Diego Real, David Calvo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Time-to-Digital Converter; Field Programmable Gate Array; Low-resource Time-to-Digital Converters

Online: 22 July 2024 (14:45:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0025.v2

Survey of Deep Learning Accelerators for Edge and Emerging Computing

Md Shahanur Alam, Chris Yakopcic, Qing Wu, Mark Barnell, Simon Khan, Tarek M. Taha

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: AI Accelerator; AI Frameworks; Deep Learning; Edge Computing; Low Power Applications; Quantization; PIM or CIM Computing; Neuromorphic Computing

Online: 10 July 2024 (11:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.2008.v1

Integration of Indigenous Low Carbon Technologies with Novel Low Energy Mass Housing in Ladakh (U.T.)

Samar Singh Virdi

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Housing; Low Energy; nZEB; High Altitude; Mountainous Region; Energy Efficiency;
Sustainability; Green Building Technology; Economically Weaker Section.

Online: 28 June 2024 (06:05:40 CEST)

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Great Himalayan range with regions namely, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh and high altitude parts of north eastern states inherently experience high solar exposure, cold, arid climate and significantly challenging geography. With a scarcity of affordable public housing projects in these regions a grid enabled low energy residential prototype is proposed having the capability to operate on nearly zero consumption of heating and cooling energy with the application of indigenous and contemporary energy efficient passive design techniques. Preliminary study, development of design and reading of simulation results were applied for the performance and benefit analysis of the low energy building prototype. Analysis of the climatic zone further classified and narrowed the design criterion by confirming upon beneficial architectural components proven to be energy efficient. These architectural components include, optimization of direct solar gain and orientation of building envelope, modified trombe wall system, traditional sunrooms, solar chimney with openable vents, efficient spatial planning and compliance of relevant parameters such as window-wall-ratio (WWR). The proposed low energy housing for the economically weaker section is estimated to save nearly 50% of active fuel based household heating energy. Site has been planned in such a way that about 100% of required electricity can be generated from on site renewable energy for the proposed infrastructure, it is proven more beneficial if additional electricity is generated to offset the power supply and result in lower or subsidized electricity bills. Design is compliant to different codes relevant to energy conservation and low-income housing with an embodied carbon of about 1.2 kgCO2/m2 per dwelling unit giving ‘A’ grade in cradle to gate impacts. The findings and performance of this prototype can serve as a guideline for energy efficient design in low income group housing situated in severe cold and arid regions of India such as Ladakh (U.T.).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0386.v1

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Nonavalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Spanish Women Living with HIV

Maria del Carmen Hidalgo-Tenorio, Raquel Moya, Mohamed Omar, Leopoldo Muñoz, Antonio SamPedro, Javier Lopez-Hidalgo, Coral Garcia-Vallecillos, Patricia Gomez-Ronquillo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: nonavalent HPV vaccine; high squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL); low squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL); WLHIV; anal cancer; cervical cancer

Online: 7 June 2024 (02:48:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1202.v1

Modern River-Sand Geochemical Mapping in the Manufahi Municipality and its Surroundings, Timor-Leste: Implications for Provenance

Vital Cruz Malai Araujo Vilanova, Tomoyuki Ohtani, Satoru Kojima, Kazuma Yatabe, Nene Valente Soares Cristovao, Aniceta Araujo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: geochemical mapping; lithological mapping; river sands; principal component analysis; provenance; alteration; silicification; low-grade metamorphism; secondary mineral assemblage.

Online: 22 February 2024 (01:35:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0995.v1

Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Equivalent Stress Intensity Factor Models under Mixed-Mode (I+II) Loading

Estefania Gómez-Gamboa, Jorge Guillermo Díaz-Rodríguez, Jairo Andres Mantilla-Villalobos, Oscar Rodolfo Bohórquez-Becerra, Manuel del Jesús Martínez

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Equivalent Stress Intensity factor; Low-carbon steel; Mixed Mode I/II; Finite element method (FEM); Boundary element method

Online: 19 February 2024 (08:14:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0194.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Impact on Red Blood Cell Morphology

Kirill Kondratov, Alexander Artamonov, Vladimir Mikhailovskii, Anastasiya Velmiskina, Sergey Mosenko, Evgeniy Grigoryev, Anna Anisenkova, Yuri Nikitin, Svetlana Apalko, Natalya Sushentseva, Andrey Ivanov, Sergey Shcherbak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: COVID-19; erythrocyte; red blood cells; cytokine storm; severe COVID-19; low voltage scanning electron microscopy; erythrocyte size

Online: 4 October 2023 (04:10:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0461.v1

Preparation and Application of a Fast, Naked-Eye, Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescent Probe of Schiff Base for Detection of Cu2+

Juan Liu, Peng-Yu Cheng, Qi Wu, Sai Chen, Meng Wang, Kai Wei, Yuan Li, Yao-Yao Cao, Xi-Yao Liang, Xin Zeng, Xing Wang, Hong-Lei Li

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: fluorescent probe of schiff base; copper ion; high sensitivity and selectivity; good anti-interference ability; low detection limit

Online: 7 September 2023 (04:20:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0491.v1

Further Explanation on the Excitation Mechanism of Stay Cable Vibration in Dry Conditions

Duy Thao Nguyen, Duy Hung Vo

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Dry-state galloping; excitation mechanism; Karman vortex; low-frequency-vortices; shedding correlation; along-wind component; vertical-wind component

Online: 7 June 2023 (05:33:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1847.v1

Study on Emission Control of Berthing Vessels-Based on Non-cooperative Game Theory

Qin Wang, Minhang Jiang, Shiyao Man, Jiajie Zhou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: ship emissions; air pollution; ship emission control policies; emission reduction; non-cooperative game; green shipping; low sulfur fuel

Online: 26 May 2023 (04:29:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1182.v1

Implementation of Deep Learning based Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter for V2V and V2G applications in Microgrid - An Experimental Investigation

Sreedhar Madichetty, Mohan Krishna Banda, Shanthi Kumar Nandavaram Banda

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Non-isolated bi-directional converter (NIBC) 2; V2V charger 3; Deep learning 4; High voltage 5; Low voltage

Online: 28 April 2023 (12:54:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0736.v1

Biological Therapies Beyond PARP-Inhibitors in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients with Germline BRCA1/2 Mutations

Marta Nerone, Lorenzo Rossi, Rosaria Condorelli, Vilma Ratti, Fabio Conforti, Antonella Palazzo, Rossella Graffeo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: advanced breast cancer; germline BRCA1/2 mutations; pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants; CDK4/6 inhibitors; Pi3Ka inhibitors; HER2-low

Online: 23 April 2023 (03:12:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0443.v1

Direction of Arrival (DoA) Estimation Performance for Satellite Applications with Spatial Correlation in a Multipath Environment

Mutmainnah Hasib, Sithamparanathan Kandeepan, Wayne S. T. Rowe, Akram Al-Hourani

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: Direction of Arrival (DoA) Estimation; Multipath Environment; Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO); Low Earth Orbit (LEO); and Spatial Correlation

Online: 17 April 2023 (10:21:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0294.v1

Oscillations Analysis and Control Optimization of Hydraulic Turbine Based on Variable Speed Reaching Law

Xiaoping Huang, Wenzhe Huang, Qiu Lu

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Hydroelectric units; Low frequency oscillation; Internal characteristic model; Sliding mode control; Robust control; HTRS(Hydro-turbine regulating system)

Online: 16 March 2023 (02:20:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0169.v1

New and Perspective Directions for the Development of Active RC- and RLC- Filter Architectures of the Sallen-Key Family

Darya Denisenko, Vladislav Chumakov, Yuriy Ivanov, Nikolai Prokopenko

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Sallen-Key; active RC- filter; active RLC- filter; low pass filter; high pass filter; bandpass filter; rejection filter

Online: 18 April 2022 (11:34:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0074.v1

DC Solid-State Circuit Breakers with Two-Winding Coupled Inductor for Low Voltage DC Microgrid

Jung Min Park, Chung Yuen Won, Hyung Jun Byun, Sung Hoon Kim, Si Hwan Kim

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Solid-state DC circuit breaker; Coupled inductor; Pole-to-ground fault protection; LVDC(Low voltage DC) microgrid protection

Online: 5 July 2021 (07:58:00 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

A Review on Mitigating Fear and Aggression in Dogs and Cats in a Veterinary Setting

Stefanie Riemer, Carmen Heritier, Ines Windschnurer, Christine Arhant, Lydia Pratsch, Nadja Affenzeller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Stress; fear; anxiety; aggression; veterinary visit; low-stress handling; counterconditioning; behaviour modification; anxiolytic medication; psychoactive drugs; dogs; cats

Online: 8 January 2021 (14:37:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0269.v2

Factors Predicting the Physical Activity Behavior based on Theory of Reasoned Action among Chronic Low Back Pain of the Patients Referring to Comprehensive Health Service Centers in the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran

Mohammad Hossein Delshad, Alireza Hidarnia, Fatemeh Pourhaji

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Exercise; Health Behavior; Attitudes; Referral; Quality of Life; Low Back Pain; Health Services; Models; Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

Online: 11 December 2020 (11:32:36 CET)

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Background: Low-level physical activity (PA) among Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) is associated with various biopsychosocial factors. This research aimed to study the predictors of PA behavior among cLBP patients. Methods: In the present study 300 eligible patients with cLBP who referred to comprehensive health service centers in the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Tehran, Iran were random selected.To diagnose the predictors of PA behavior, all the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) constructs were examined as risk factors to see if they influence on the probability of PA behavior occurrence and were interpreted through odds ratio (OR). SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. Results: Totally 280 cLBP patients with mean age of 57.07 ±13.09 years old participated in the study. This study showed that motivation to comply significant predictor the cLBP patients for subjective norm OR (%95CI): 2.095(0.116-2.792), p-value<0.001), intention was significant predictor for perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.431(0.138-1.538), p-value <0.001), behavior beliefs could predictor for attitude OR (%95CI): 1.276(0.106-1.355), p-value= 0.002). attitude, normative beliefs, subjective norm ,and evaluation outcome behavior could predictors the cLBP patients for intention to perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.188(0.032-1.312), p-value<0.001)., OR (%95CI): 1.158(0.076-2.208), p-value=0.003) ., OR (%95CI): 1.104(0.076-1.128), p-value<0.001) ., OR (%95CI): 0.814(0.301-1.440), p-value=0.007). Conclusions: This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0083.v2

When Green Infrastructure Turns Grey: Implications of Overdesign on Plant Water Stress

Min-cheng Tu, Joshua S. Caplan, Sasha W. Eisenman, Bridget M Wadzuk

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: evapotranspiration; green infrastructure; HYDRUS; leaf water potential; low impact development; optimization; overdesign; stomatal conductance; simulated runoff test; static sizing; stormwater control measure; tree trench

Online: 15 January 2020 (07:28:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0014.v1

Toward Optimality of Proper Generalised Decomposition Bases

Shadi Alameddin, Amélie Fau, David Néron, Pierre Ladevèze, Udo Nackenhorst

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: model order reduction (MOR); low-rank approximation; proper generalised decomposition (PGD); PGD compression; randomised SVD; nonlinear material behaviour.

Online: 1 February 2019 (10:41:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0009.v1

Assessment of Thermal Stresses in Asphalt Mixtures at Low Temperatures Using the Tensile Creep Test and the Bending Beam Creep Test

Marek Pszczola, Mariusz Jaczewski, Cezary Szydlowski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: asphalt mixture; low-temperature cracking; Tensile Creep Test (TCT); Bending Beam Creep Test (BBCT); tensile strength; thermal stress;

Online: 1 February 2019 (09:45:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0609.v1

Exploiting Autoimmunity Unleashed by an Off-Label Low-Dose Immune Checkpoint Blockade to Treat Advanced Cancer

Tibor Bakacs, Ralph W. Moss, A. Marcell Szasz, Colin C. Anderson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: immune checkpoint inhibitors; immune-related adverse events (irAEs); tolerance; ipilimumab; nivolumab; interleukin-2; hyperthermia; low-dose-combination therapy

Online: 28 November 2018 (10:23:31 CET)

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As a result of the cancer immunotherapy revolution hundreds of clinical trials of the newly approved immunotherapies are now under way to improve responses. Not unexpectedly, the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their development of cancer therapy by blockade of co-inhibitory signals. While success stories of terminal cancer patients achieving complete remissions are accumulating, not enough research has been done into the risks of the new therapies. Since the use of immunotherapy is becoming more common, and is expected to develop into first- and second-line treatments, immunotoxicity and autoimmunity are emerging as the nemesis of immunotherapy. Immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) could affect any tissue, their incidence may reach up to 90% of patients and toxicity is dose-dependent. While the combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) increased efficacy, the incidence of severe adverse events was also increased. Apparently, ICIs cannot be restricted to the targeted anti-tumor T cell population. The long lasting objective of cancer regression can only be achieved by paying a price: tolerance to healthy self tissues is compromised. In the face of an ipilimumab induced pan-lymphocytic activation, a therapeutic paradigm shift is required. The task is not desperately trying to put the genie back in the bottle by immune suppressive treatments, but instead harnessing the autoimmune forces by an off label low-dose combined anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD1 antibody blockade, which is supplemented with conventional interleukin-2 stimulation and hyperthermia. The proof-of-principle of the low-dose-combination therapy was demonstrated in a heavily pre-treated triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient with far advanced pulmonary metastases and severe shortness of breath, who had exhausted all conventional treatment. Her pulmonary metastases went into complete remission with transient WHO I-II diarrhea and skin rash. She lived for 27 months after starting the low-dose-combination therapy. She had recurrence as a sternal mass and pleural metastases up to 3 cm. Since the low-dose-combination protocol consists only of approved drugs and treatments, this exceptional response should instigate further research efforts.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0031.v1

Detection of Aβ(1-40) Protein in Human Serum as A Causative Agent of Alzheimer’s Disease by Strain Gauge Cantilever Biosensor Immobilizing Liposome Incorporating Cholesterol

Tomoya Taniguchi, Yuki Murakami , Masayuki Sohgawa , Kaoru Yamashita, Minoru Noda

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: cantilever; NiCr strain gauge; biosensor; liposome; amyloid beta; aggregation; fibrillization; interaction; human serum; digital low-pass filtering procedure

Online: 8 August 2017 (09:57:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1723.v1

The Impact of Digital Technology Application on Agricultural Low-Carbon Transformation – A Case Study of the Pesticide Reduction Effect of Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

Qian Deng, Yuhan Zhang, Zhuyu Lin, Xueping Gao, Zhenlin Weng

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: digital technology application; agricultural low-carbon transformation; plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle(UAVs); pesticide application intensity; agricultural socialization services

Online: 23 October 2024 (10:19:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1714.v1

High-performance On-orbit Intelligent Computing and Real-time Services for Remote Sensing Satellites Based on Space Large-scale Computing Power

Guoping Wang, Gang Wan, Zhijuan Su, Yang Wang, Yutong Jia, Gong Li, Shi Liang

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: on-orbit processing; large-scale computing power; remote sensing satellites; artificial intelligence; ultra heterogeneous computing; ultra-low orbit constellations

Online: 22 October 2024 (11:04:43 CEST)

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The rapid advancement of Earth observation systems and satellite networks driven by commercial space has led to a significant increase in the number of remote sensing satellites, thereby establishing the groundwork for all-weather, continuous cluster collaborative observation. Following anti-irradiation hardening measures, low-cost commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) devices are effectively operated within intricate space environments, leading to substantial enhancements in on-orbit computing capabilities of individual satellites. Leveraging the on-board distributed processing framework, it fully utilizes wide-area scattered space computing resources and automatically establishes a network of neighboring satellites through inter-satellite communication links to construct a spatially distributed and computationally cooperative space cloud computing environment. This enables the sharing of space computing resources and facilitates satellite-based mission coordination, reducing reliance on ground-based remote sensing satellite services while enhancing the response efficiency of remote sensing application services. The present paper pro-vides a comprehensive review of the current development status, existing challenges, and problems faced by space-based remote sensing on-orbit processing platforms and on-board intelligent processing algorithms, starting from the immediate application requirements of remote sensing satellite in-orbit processing. In view of the anticipated surge in large-scale computing resources in space, a distributed remote sensing satellite data processing architecture based on large-scale on-board computing power is constructed, and the architecture is designed in detail from the aspects of physical architecture, software architecture, workflow and key technologies. Finally, three real-time service scenarios that align with the construction content of an ultra-low orbit satellite constellation and 6G technology have been designed to provide solutions and references for subsequent development of space-based intelligent remote sensing constellations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0224.v1

An Investigation into the Distribution of Fluctuating Wind Pressure and Associated Probabilistic Characteristics of Low-Rise Buildings Impacted by the Gap between the Hillside and the Building

Min Zhong, Chao Wang, Minghui Lin, Junyu Lu, Xiangjun Wang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Fluctuating wind pressure distribution; Probabilistic properties; Low-rise buildings; Mountain form; The gap between the hillside and the building

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:39:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0410.v2

Development of Self-generated and LPWA-based Crop Growth Environment Monitoring and Bigdata Analysis System

Yeon-Jae Oh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Smart Farm, Field Crop Growth Environment Monitoring, Bigdata analysis, Low Power Wide Area(LPWA), One Machine to Machine(oneM2M),

Online: 12 December 2023 (08:18:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0990.v1

Discrete-Analog Low-Pass Filter Using Switched Capacitors With Resistive Pole Frequency Control

Nikolay Butyrlagin, Alexey Titov, Daria Denisenko, Yuri Ivanov

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: discrete-analog low-pass filter; switched capacitors; transient process; second-order transfer function; operational amplifier; electronic switch; micro-Cap

Online: 15 November 2023 (10:05:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0281.v1

Towards Feasible Solutions for Load Monitoring in Quebec Residences

Sayed Saeed Hosseini, Benoit Delcroix, Nilson Henao, Kodjo Agbossou, Sousso Kelouwani

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM); low-sampling load disaggregation; statistical analysis; machine learning algorithms; electric baseboards; electric water heaters

Online: 3 August 2023 (06:29:07 CEST)

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For many years, energy monitoring at the most disaggregate level has been mainly sought through the idea of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). Nevertheless, a practical application of this concept in the residential sector should address the underlying concerns raised by the technical specifications of case studies. From one side, such an operation must handle common matters related to the essence of any NILM system. Although this aspect has been thoroughly investigated by basic research, it is limited to the properties of public datasets. On the other side, it must deal with specific concerns corresponding to uncommon situations. These circumstances impose further restrictions on existent NILM schemes, however, they have been overlooked due to the lack of pertinent databases to scrutinize. Accordingly, this paper presents applied research on a potential solution to NILM for Quebec residences. It carries out a relevant investigation into the multi-faceted nature of this problem in order to reveal barriers to feasible implementations in the context of Quebec. This work commences with a concise discussion about the NILM idea to highlight its essential requirements for a fruitful practice. Afterward, it provides a comparative statistical analysis to represent the specificity and potential challenges of the case study in accordance with NILM necessities. For this purpose, the examination exploits data from real-world measurement systems in the same and European regions. Subsequently, this study focuses on a load identification exercise by proposing a combinatory approach that utilizes the promise of sub-meter smart technologies to integrate the intrusive aspect of load monitoring with the non-intrusive one. The former is aimed at extracting overall heating demand from the aggregate one by a supervised procedure based on Deep Learning (DL) models while the latter is designed for disaggregating the residual load through an unsupervised process on the basis of clustering techniques. The results demonstrate that geographically-dependent cases create electricity consumption scenarios under which existing NILM methods can be questioned. From a realistic standpoint, this research elaborates on critical remarks to realize viable NILM systems, particularly, in Quebec houses.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0794.v1

The Awareness and Use of Low-Sodium Salt Substitutes and Its Impact to 24-H Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in China – A Cross-sectional Study

Puhong Zhang, Fang Fan, Yinghua Li, Yuan Li, Rong Luo, Li Li, Gang Zhang, Lanlan Wang, Xiaofei Jiao, Feng J He

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS); 24-h urinary sodium excretion; 24-h urinary potassium excretion; sodium-to-potassium ratio

Online: 12 June 2023 (07:51:47 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0554.v1

Recyclable and Efficient Construction using Mineral Landfill Materials and Demolition Wastes

Michael Max Bühler, Pia Hollenbach, Alexander Michalski, Sonja Meyer, Emanuel Birle, Rebecca Off, Christina Lang, Wolfram Schmidt, Roberto Cudmani, Oliver Fritz, Guido Baltes, Geraldine Kortmann

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: decarbonization; circular economy; recycled materials; demolition wastes; low-carbon construction; building with earth; compressed earth; rammed earth; sustainable construction

Online: 19 April 2023 (07:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0182.v1

Urinary Incontinence and Its Association with Physical and Psycho-Cognitive Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Older People Living in Nursing Homes

Pau Farrés-Godayol, Javier Jerez-Roig, Eduard Minobes-Molina, Meltem Yildirim, Miriam Molas-Tuneu, Anna Escribà-Salvans, Sandra Rierola-Folchs, Montse Romero-Mas, Miriam Torres-Moreno, Laura Coll-Planas, Joanne Booth, Maria Giné-Garriga

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: older people; nursing home; incontinence; urinary incontinence; pelvic health; sedentary behaviour; physical health; faecal incontinence; low urinary tract symptoms

Online: 12 January 2022 (18:41:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0096.v1

A Review on Solution-Processed Organic Phototransistors and Their Recent Developments

Aybuke Tavasli, Betul Gurunlu, Dilara Gunturkun, Recep Isci, Sheida Faraji

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: solution-processed organic phototransistor; organic photodetector; organic semiconductor; low-voltage OFETs; optical memory; OPTs for biomedical and information technology.

Online: 6 December 2021 (19:50:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0708.v1

Profiling of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) in Obesity and Their Association with Ox-LDL and Hs-CRP in Adolescents

Abdur Rahman, Maha M. Hammad, Irina Al Khairi, Preethi Cherian, Reem Al-Sabah, Fahd Al-Mulla, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Jehad Abubaker

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Adolescents; high sensitivity C-reactive protein; Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins; Obesity; Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein; Predictive diagnostics

Online: 29 March 2021 (16:33:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0030.v1

Zika Virus Infection in a Cohort of Pregnant Women with Exanthematic Disease in Manaus, Brazilian Amazon

Elijane de Fátima Redivo, Camila Helena Bôtto Menezes, Márcia da Costa Castilho, Marianna Facchinetti Brock, Evela da Silva Magno, Maria das Graças Gomes Saraiva, Salete Sara Alvarez Fernandes, Anny Beatriz Costa Antony de Andrade, Maria das Graças Costa Alecrim, Flor Ernestina Martinez-Espinosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Amazonian region; ZIKV in pregnancy; Exanthematic disease in pregnancy; Torch syndrome; Abortion; Stillbirth; Mycrocephaly; Preterm delivery; Low birth weight

Online: 2 October 2020 (08:47:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0022.v1

Physical and Chemical Properties of the Slate Aggregate

Petar Radanliev

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: North Wales; slate mining industry; slate aggregate; secondary aggregate; transportation cost; low quality waste material; physical and chemical properties

Online: 2 October 2019 (06:28:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1672.v1

A Feasibility Study of a Music Enrichment Program on Relative Reinforcing Value of Food and Home Environmental Enrichment among Families of Low Socioeconomic Status

Kai Ling Kong, Amy Smith, Brenda Salley, Deanna Hanson-Abromeit, Hideko Marie Engel, Catherine Serwatka

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: relative reinforcement; infant obesity; low socioeconomic status; environmetal erichment; music enrichment program; home language environment; quality of parent-infant interactions

Online: 23 August 2024 (08:33:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0886.v1

A New Test Method of “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance + High-Speed Centrifugation” for Gas-Water Relative Permeability Curve of Low-Permeability and Tight Sandstone

Fenglai Yang, Huaxun Liu, Shusheng Gao, Sijie He, Feifei Fang, Cuili Wang, Liyou Ye, Kun Zhou, Xuejun Yang, Weiguo An

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: Low permeability and tight sandstone; Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); High speed centrifugation; Micro pore structure; Gas-water relative permeability curve

Online: 11 July 2024 (08:28:50 CEST)

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Gas-water relative permeability curve is the foundation of gas reservoir dynamic analysis and numerical simulation. It is generally obtained through gas displacing water experiment. Referring to the existing national standards, gas-water relative permeability test is carried out for low-permeability and tight sandstone. The flow is discontinuous and the curve smoothness is poor, which affects the application of gas-water relative permeability curve. Based on the comparative analysis of a large number of mercury injection and NMR experimental results of low-permeability and tight sandstone, a method to characterize the throat radius distribution of low-permeability tight sandstone based on NMR T2 spectrum is explored. Combined with high-speed centrifugal experiment, the calculation formulas of core water saturation, phase relative permeability of gas-water under different centrifugal force are established. A new method of "nuclear magnetic resonance + high-speed centrifugation" for gas-water relative permeability curve test of low-permeability and tight sandstone is formed, and the test is carried out on Sulige low-permeability tight sandstone core. The results show that: (1) The shape of cumulative distribution curve of throat radius by mercury injection method is basically consistent with that of T2 relaxation time by NMR, and there is a good corresponding relationship between them. (2) The centrifugation process is similar to the gas displacing water process. With the decrease of water saturation, water centrifugation in rock core becomes more and more difficult until it become irreducible. (3) The test process of the new method is unified and standard and up to 6 cores can be tested at the same time. The calculation results of water saturation and relative permeability curve are reliable and the integral curve is smooth, which greatly improves the test efficiency of gas-water relative permeability curve in low-permeability and tight sandstone. The new method can be widely used to study the gas-water two-phase seepage law in low-permeability and tight sandstone gas reservoir.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0201.v1

Individual Human Climate Analysis Applying the New Clothing Resistance Model

Ferenc Ács, Erzsébet Kristóf

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: walking; sweating; thermal resistance of clothing; evaporative resistance of clothing; hu-man comfort; operative temperature; low land region of Hungary

Online: 5 June 2024 (16:13:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2044.v1

Crystal Plasticity Parameter Optimization in Cyclically Deformed Electrodeposited Copper – A Machine Learning Approach

Karol Frydrych, Maciej Tomczak, Stefanos Papanikolaou

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: crystal plasticity; optimization; machine learning; long short term memory networks; self-consistent modelling; Eshelby solution; cyclic deformation; low cycle fatigue

Online: 30 May 2024 (14:58:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1226.v2

Description of Mesoscale Static and Fatigue Analysis of 2D Woven Roving Plates with Convex Holes and Subjected to Axial Tension

Aleksander Muc

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: 2D woven roving composites; convex holes; stress concentrations; Low Fatigue Cycles; nonlinear behaviour; fuzzy degradation of properties; finite element modeling

Online: 10 April 2024 (07:16:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1651.v1

A Novel Low-Tech Water Treatment System to Provide Safe Water for the Rural Poor

Edward McBean

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Low-tech; ceramic filter; safe water; full schools; long term performance; easy to use; robust performance; girl’ s education

Online: 28 February 2024 (16:01:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1973.v1

Early Periods of Low-Temperature Linear Antenna Cvd Nucleation and Growth Study of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Awadesh Kumar Mallik, Wen-Ching Shih, Paulius Pobedinskas, Ken Haenen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: linear antenna microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (LA-MPCVD); Early growth stage; Low temperature; Nanodiamond; Carbon nanotube (CNT); Substrate seeding

Online: 27 December 2023 (02:08:02 CET)

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: Low-temperature growth of diamond films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is not so widely reported and especially its initial periods of nucleation and growth phenomenon are of particular interest to the researchers. Four sets of substrates were selected for growing diamond films by linear antenna microwave plasma enhanced CVD (LA-MPCVD). Among them, silicon and sapphire substrates were pre-treated with detonation nanodiamond (DND) seeds before diamond growth for enhancement of its nucleation. On the other hand, carbon nanotube (CNT) films on Si substrates were also used as another template for LA-MPCVD diamond growth. In order to enhance the diamond nucleation during CVD growth, some of the CNT films were again pre-treated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of diamond nanoparticles. All these substrates were then put inside the LA-MPCVD chamber for growing diamond films under variable processing conditions. Microwave input powers (1100 – 2800 W), input power modes (pulse or continuous), antenna to stage distances (5 - 6.5 cm), process gas recipes (with or without CO2), methane gas percentages (3 - 5%), deposition times (11 – 120 minutes) were altered to investigate their effect on the growth of diamond film on the pre-treated substrates. The substrate temperatures were found to vary from as low as 170oC to a maximum of 307oC during the alteration of the different processing parameters. Contrary to the conventional MPCVD, it was observed that during the first hour of LA-MPCVD diamond growth, DND seeds or the nucleating structures, do not coalesce together to make a continuous film. Deposition time was the most critical factor in fully covering the substrate surfaces with diamond film, since the substrate temperature could not become stable during the first hour of LA-MPCVD. CNT was found to be oxidised rapidly under LA-MPCVD plasma conditions; therefore, a CO2-free process gas recipe was used to reduce CNT burning. Moreover, EPD-coated CNT was found to be less oxidised by the LACVD plasma during diamond growth.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0982.v1

Molecular Targeting the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2) Genes Across Various Cancer

Elizabeth Rubin, Khine Swe Shan, Shivani Manoj Dalal, Dieu Uyen Dao Vu, Delia C Guaqueta, Adriana Milillo Naraine, Alejandra Ergle

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: HER2; HER2 discovery; HER2 role in cancers; HER 2 low; HER2DX; prognostic; predictive; biomarker; anti-HER therapies; HER2 landmark trials

Online: 13 December 2023 (11:35:40 CET)

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) belongs to the ErbB family, a group of four transmembrane glycoproteins with tyrosine kinase activity, all structurally related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These tyrosine kinases are involved in the transmission of cellular signals controlling normal cell growth and differentiation. If this transmission goes awry, it can lead to dysregulated growth of the cell. HER2 specifically can be implicated in the pathogenesis of at least eight malignancies. HER2 positivity quickly became a well characterized indicator of aggressiveness and poor prognosis, with high rates of disease progression and mortality. After realizing the implication of HER2, it first became investigated as a target for treatment in breast cancer, and later expanded to areas of research in other cancers types. To this day, the most therapeutic advancements of anti-HER2 therapy have been in breast cancer, however, there have been strong advancements made in the incorporation of anti HER2 therapy in other cancer types as well. This comprehensive review dissects HER2 to its core incorporating the most up to date information. The topics touched upon are discussed in detail and up to 200 published sources from the most highly recognized journals have been integrated. The importance of knowing about HER2 is exemplified by the groundbreaking advancements that have been made, and the change in treatment plans it has brought to the oncological world in the last twenty years. Since, its ground breaking discovery there has been significant breakthroughs in knowledge regarding the actual receptor, the receptors biology, its mechanism of action, advancements in tests to detect HER2 and significant strides on how to best incorporate targeted treatment. Due to the success of this field thus far, the review concludes by discussing the future of novel anti-HER2 therapy currently in development that everyone should be aware of.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1472.v1

A Flexible FPGA-Based Stochastic Decoder for 5G LDPC codes

Sivarama Prasad Tera, Rajesh Alantattil, Roy Paily

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: 5G NR standard, Error correcting codes, Low-density parity check codes (LDPC), Stochastic decoding (SD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).

Online: 24 October 2023 (08:12:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0544.v1

Prediction and Prevention of Preterm Birth: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Intervention Trial

C. Andrew Combs, John A.F. Zupancic, Michael Walker, Jing Shi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate; care management; length of stay; low-dose aspirin; neonatal respiratory morbidity; preterm birth; proteomic biomarkers; risk assessment

Online: 10 July 2023 (05:15:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0053.v1

Wireless Sensors Networks Energy Optimization using LEACH and ANNs

Muhammad Salman Qamar, Ihsan ul Haq

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN); Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH); Sensor Nodes (SNs); Deep Learning (DL); Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

Online: 3 July 2023 (10:52:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1422.v1

Electron-Beam Pumped UVC-Emitters Based on (Al, Ga)N Material System

Valentin Jmerik, Vladimir Kozlovsky, Xinqiang Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Ultraviolet C emission; electron-beam pumped ultraviolet (UV)C emitters; AlGaN group III-nitrides; low dimensional structures; 2D quantum wells

Online: 20 June 2023 (09:54:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0222.v1

Film Boiling Around a Finite Size Cylindrical Apecimen - A Transient Conjugate Heat Transfer Approach

Alen Cukrov, Yohei Sato, Ivanka Boras, Bojan Ničeno

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: low Biot number material; conjugate heat transfer; film boiling; large-scale domain; turbulent flow; Kelvin-Helmholtz instability; frozen turbulence approach

Online: 2 June 2023 (16:40:35 CEST)

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The DNS of film boiling requires strong computational resources that are difficult to obtain for a daily CFD use by the practitioners of the industrial R&D experts. On the other hand, the film boiling experiments are associated with the usage of the expensive and highly sophisticated apparatus, and the research to this end is found to be relatively difficult due to high heat flow rates that are present in the process itself. When combined with a transient heat conduction in a solid, the problem becomes significantly difficult. Therefore, a novel method in computation of conjugate heat transfer during film boiling in a quiescent liquid has been proposed in this paper. The method relies on the solution of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations in a two-fluid framework, supplemented with the appropriate closures. Furthermore, the turbulent flow has been found as an important parameter in obtaining the accurate solution of the temperature field evolution in a solid specimen, via the proper modeling of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) value, that has been imposed as a constant value, i.e., the frozen turbulence approach. It was found, in addition, that the appropriate TKE value can be obtained by use of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory in conjunction with the boundary layer theory. The obtained results show excellent agreement with the experimental data within the first 15 s of the experiment, i.e., the first ca. 10 % of the total duration of the film boiling mode of heat transfer. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient has matched the error bands prescribed by the authors of the paper that has presented the correlations, whilst the averaged values are far beyond this band, i.e., are slightly more than 30 % higher. The further inspection has revealed a measure of similarity between the computational result of the volume fraction field distribution and the experiment, thus confirming the capability of the method to obtain realistic interface evolution in time. The method has shown full capability for further pursuing the industrial-scale film boiling problems that involve turbulent flow and the conjugate heat transfer approach.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0261.v1

Technical and Economic Viability of Distributed Recycling of Low-density Polyethylene Water Sachets into Waste Composite Pavement Blocks

Celestin Tsala-Mbala, Koami Soulemane Hayibo, Theresa K. Meyer, Nadine Couao-Zotti, Paul Cairns, Joshua M Pearce

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: composite; waste plastic; distributed recycling; LDPE; low density polyethylene; plastic sand composites; tensile strength; compressive strength; West Africa; economic development

Online: 19 September 2022 (05:27:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0275.v1

Healthcare Priority-Setting in Essential Health Packages for Sexual Reproductive Health: Going Beyond the Commonly Prioritised Services

Warren Simangolwa, Kaymarlin Govender

Subject: Social Sciences, Decision Sciences Keywords: Healthcare Priority-setting; Health Technology Assessment; Essential Health Packages, Low to Middle Income Countries; Equity; Efficiency; Evidence-Informed Decision Making

Online: 12 August 2021 (13:14:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0274.v1

The Literature Review of Electricity Effects on Cell Physiology and Related New Electrical Treatment Modalities

Ertunc Simdi, Kader Ozcan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: electricity; tumor treating fields; extremely low frequency; pulsed electric fields; new cancer treatment modalities; glioblastoma; electroporation; electrofusion; electrochemotherapy; gene electrotransference

Online: 26 August 2019 (16:04:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0470.v1

Selenium-Rich Ag-Au Mineralization at the Kremnica Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit, Slovak Republic

Martin Števko, Jiří Sejkora, Zdeněk Dolníček, Pavel Škácha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Au-Ag low-sulphidation epithermal mineralization; Kremnica; gold; selenium; clausthalite; naumannite; miargyrite; pyrargyrite-proustite; polybasite-pearceite; diaphorite; Pb-Sb sulphosalts

Online: 22 October 2018 (05:35:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0001.v1

A Theoretical Study and Numerical Simulation of a Quasi-Distributed Sensor Based on the Low-Finesse Fabry-Perot Interferometer: Frequency-Division Multiplexing

José Trinidad Guillen Bonilla, Alex Guillén-Bonilla, Rodríguez-Betancourtt Veronica M., Héctor Guillen Bonilla, Antonio Casillas Zamora

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Quasi-distributed sensor; Low-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer; Sensor simulation; Frequency-domain multiplexing and resolution vs. signal-to-noise ratio

Online: 3 April 2017 (15:56:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1935.v1

Investigation and identification of the causes for the unprecedented accident at the "Chaira" Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage Plant

Georgi Todorov, Ivan Kralov, Konstantin Kamberov, Yavor Sofronov, Blagovest Nikolov Zlatev, Evtim Zahariev

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: PHES “ Chaira” accident; Francis’ turbine reliability; spiral case destruction; low cycle fatigue prediction; stay vanes cracks; Virtual Prototyping

Online: 24 October 2024 (17:15:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1348.v1

Investigating the Predominance of Large Language Models in Low-Resource Bangla Language Over Transformer Models for Hate Speech Detection: A Comparative Analysis

Fatema Tuj Johora Faria, Laith H. Baniata, Sangwoo Kang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Hate speech detection; Bengali language; Low resource language; Large language models; Few-shot learning; Zero-shot learning; Natural language processing ;

Online: 17 October 2024 (10:06:19 CEST)

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The rise of abusive language on social media is a significant threat to mental health and 1 social cohesion. For Bengali speakers, the need for effective detection is critical. However, current 2 methods fall short in addressing the massive volume of content. Improved techniques are urgently 3 needed to combat online hate speech in Bengali. Traditional machine learning techniques, while 4 useful, often require large, linguistically diverse datasets to train models effectively. This paper 5 addresses the urgent need for improved hate speech detection methods in Bengali, aiming to fill the 6 existing research gap. Contextual understanding is crucial in differentiating between harmful speech 7 and benign expressions. Large language models (LLMs) have shown state-of-the-art performance in 8 various natural language tasks due to their extensive training on vast amounts of data. We explore the 9 application of LLMs, specifically GPT-3.5 Turbo and Gemini 1.5 Pro, for Bengali hate speech detection 10 using Zero-Shot and Few-Shot Learning approaches. Unlike conventional methods, Zero-Shot 11 Learning identifies hate speech without task-specific training data, making it highly adaptable to new 12 datasets and languages. Few-Shot Learning, on the other hand, requires minimal labeled examples, 13 allowing for efficient model training with limited resources. Our experimental results show that 14 LLMs outperform traditional approaches. In this study, we evaluated GPT-3.5 Turbo and Gemini 1.5 15 Pro on multiple datasets. To further enhance our study, we considered the distribution of comments 16 in different datasets and the challenge of class imbalance, which can affect model performance. The 17 BD-SHS dataset consists of 35,197 comments in the training set, 7,542 in the validation set, and 7,542 18 in the test set. The Bengali Hate Speech Dataset v1.0 & v2.0 includes comments distributed across 19 various hate categories: personal hate (629), political hate (1,771), religious hate (502), geopolitical hate 20 (1,179), and gender abusive hate (316). The Bengali Hate Dataset comprises 7,500 non-hate and 7,500 21 hate comments. GPT-3.5 Turbo achieved impressive results with 97.33%, 98.42%, and 98.53% accuracy. 22 In contrast, Gemini 1.5 Pro showed lower performance across all datasets. Specifically, GPT-3.5 Turbo 23 excelled with significantly higher accuracy compared to Gemini 1.5 Pro. These outcomes highlight a 24 6.28% increase in accuracy compared to traditional methods, which achieved 92.25%. Our research 25 contributes to the growing body of literature on LLM applications in natural language processing, 26 particularly in the context of low-resource languages.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1344.v1

Implementation and Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Group Antenatal Care Program in Two Nigerian States: Design and Baseline Data Collection

W. Douglas Evans, Chinwe L. Ochu, Jeffery B. Bingenheimer, Samson Babatunde Adebayo, Fasiku Adekunle David, Sani Ali Gar, Masduk Abdulkarim

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Group antenatal care; perinatal care; family planning; maternal and child health; program evaluation; implementation science; low and middle income countries; Nigeria

Online: 18 September 2024 (08:52:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1665.v1

Reengineering Pediatric Services with Results-Based Financing: Evidence from Northern Uganda

Roberto Moro-Visconti, Venice Omona, Godfrey Smart, Emmanuel Ochola, Elisabetta D'Agostino, Luigi Greco

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Maternal and child healthcare, low and middle-income countries (LMIC), Pay for performance (P4P), Value-Based Care, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:21:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.2023.v2

A Novel Battery-Supplied AFE EEG Circuit Capable of Muscle Movement Artifact Suppression

Athanasios Delis, George Tsavdaridis, Panayiotis Tsanakas

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: electroencephalography; EEG; muscle artifacts; notch filter; driving right leg; battery-based EEG signal acquisition system; biosignal filtering; low frequency signal; CMRR

Online: 3 June 2024 (16:04:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0289.v1

Design and Analysis of a High Gain, Low-Noise and Low-Power Analog Front End for ECG Acquisition in 45nm Technology Using Gm/Id Method

Md. Zubair Alam Emon, Khosru Mohammad Salim, Md. Iqbal Bahar Chowdhury

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Operational Trans-conductance Amplifier; Op-amp; ECG; Bio-medical applications; Filter; Low-power CMOS circuits; Gm/Id method; Layout; Parasitic extraction

Online: 6 May 2024 (10:33:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0272.v1

Evaluation of Recoverable Hydrocarbon Reserves and Area Selection Methods for In-Situ Conversion of Shale

Lianhua Hou, Zhongying Zhao, Xia Luo, Jingkui Mi, Zhenglian Pang, Lijun Zhang, Senhu Lin

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Immature to low-moderate maturity shale; In-situ conversion; Recoverable hydrocarbon reserves; Thermal simulation experiment; Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin

Online: 6 May 2024 (08:44:47 CEST)

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It’s well known that existing horizontal well drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology that is used to achieve large-scale cost-effective production from immature to low-moderate maturity continental shale in China, where the organic matter mainly exists in the solid form is fairly ineffective. To overcome the obstacles, in-situ conversion technology seems feasible, while implementing it in the target layer along with estimating the amount of expected recoverable hydrocarbon in such shale formations seems difficult. This is because there is no guideline to choose the most appropriate method and select relevant key parameters for this purpose. Hence, based on thermal simulation experiments during the in-situ conversion of crude oil from the Triassic Chang 73 Formation in the Ordos Basin and the Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin, this deficiency in knowledge was addressed. First, relationships between the in-situ converted total organic carbon (TOC) content and the vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of the shales and between the residual oil volume and the hydrocarbon yield was established. Second, the yields of residual oil and in-situ converted hydrocarbon were measured, revealing their sensitivity to fluid pressure and crude oil density. In addition, a model was proposed to estimate the amount of in-situ converted hydrocarbon based on the TOC, hydrocarbon generation potential, Ro, residual oil volume, fluid pressure, and crude oil density. Finally, a method was established to determine key parameters on the final hydrocarbon yield from immature to low-moderate maturity organic material during in-situ conversion in shales. Following the procedure outlined in this paper, estimated recoverable in-situ converted oil in the shales of the Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin was estimated to be approximately 292×108 tons, along with 18.5×1012 cubic meters of natural gas, in an area of approximately 8×104 square kilometers. Collectively, the method developed in this study is independent from the organic matter type and other geological and/or petrophysical properties of the formation and can be applied to other areas globally where there isn’t any available in-situ conversion thermal simulation experimental data.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0469.v1

In Search for the Low-Molecular-Weight Ligands of Human Serum Albumin that Affect its Affinity for Monomeric Amyloid β Peptide

Evgenia I. Deryusheva, Marina P. Shevelyova, Victoria A. Rastrygina, Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova, Alisa A. Vologzhannikova, Andrey V. Machulin, Alija A. Nazipova, Maria E. Permyakova, Sergei E. Permyakov, Ekaterina A. Litus

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Alzheimer’ s disease; amyloid β peptide; human serum albumin; low-molecular-weight ligand; protein-ligand interaction; surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:18:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0057.v1

Lung Microbiota and Ventilator‐Associated Pneumonia in the Neonatal Period

Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo, Lourdes Urquía Martí, Marta Siguero Onrubia, Moreyba Borges Luján, Gloria M Galán Henríquez, Desiderio Z Reyes Suárez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Broad-spectrum antibiotics; Endotracheal tube; Microbioma; Microbiota; Multidrug resistant pathogens; Neonate; Prebiotics; Probiotics; Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Very-low-birth-weight infant

Online: 1 February 2024 (14:07:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1087.v1

Results and Perspectives of Timepix Detectors in Space - from Radiation Monitoring in Low Earth Orbit to Astroparticle Physics

Benedikt Bergmann, Stefan Gohl, Declan Garvey, Jindrich Jelinek, Petr Smolyanskiy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Space weather; scatter polarimeter; hybrid pixel detectors; Timepix; dE/dX spectrometer; low earth orbit; magnetic spectrometer; galactic cosmic rays; space instrumentation

Online: 17 November 2023 (05:15:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1448.v2

Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Wound Healing Process in Fibroblasts Isolated from Chronic Human Wounds

Minh-Hoang Phan, Bich-Phuong Nguyen-Thi, Van-Han Dinh, Thi-Huong Nguyen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Chronic wounds; Dermal samples; Fibroblast cells; Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT); Migration; Proliferation; Therapeutic intervention; Wound healing; Wound margins; Wound tissue

Online: 30 August 2023 (02:33:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0416.v1

Machine Learning as a Strategic Tool for Helping Cocoa Farmers in Côte d’Ivoire

Stefano Ferraris, Rosa Meo, Stefano Pinardi, Matteo Salis, Gabriele Sartor

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: cocoa farmers; low-cost smart agriculture; remote sensors monitoring; water resources forecasting; YOLO; U-NET; deforestation; drought prevision; socio-technical transition

Online: 4 August 2023 (09:33:20 CEST)

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Machine Learning can be used for social good. In this paper, we discuss how it can be used to combat climate change and facilitate land management and farming in developing countries and in particular in Côte d’Ivoire. This paper explores models that improve land and water management and agricultural farming cultivation to contrast climate change. Côte d’Ivoire is the largest producer of cocoa beans (43%) in the world, but deforestation, lack of rainfall, drought, and climate change threaten crops and the already fragile economy of Ivorian farmers. It is important to combat climate change with methods and techniques that are affordable to the local farmers and also induce positive effects in production. We discuss the use of low-cost sensors to collect data on the soil and open data and open source software to develop AI tools. We show that using deep neural networks (YOLOv5m) is effective for detecting healthy plants and pods of cocoa from damaged ones only using mobile phone images. Focusing on a single land is not enough to combat climate change, which has different causes and involves also knowledge at a higher scale. We propose a new method of forecasting for the analysis of remote sensors. Remote sensor data come from GRACE NASA Mission and ERA5 produced by the Copernicus Climate Change Service at ECMWF. We implement a new deep neural network architecture named CIWA-net. It is based on a Fully Convolutional Neural Network (FCN) [ 1] and it is a U-net like architecture [2]. The aim of CIWA-net is to forecast Total Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA). We show the quality of our model with a comparison to a vanilla Convolutional Neural Network. CIWA-net could be used also for the detection of lands that interfere with agricultural work and yields, such as deserted areas, water-soaking soil areas, zones at risk of desertification, and poor land use. The employment of AI at the service of agriculture can decrease crop losses and waste, lower the inputs onto the soil of fertilizers, responsible for the increase of Greenhouse Gases. It could be useful to help the small farmers (at a local scale) and also the policy-makers and farmers’ cooperatives (at the regional scale) to take valid and coordinated countermeasures to improve the correct use of the lands, helping to contrast and adapt to climate change.

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