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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1324.v1

Spatial-Multitemporal Analysis of Heatwaves in Thailand: Discrepancies between In-Situ Air Temperature and Remote Sensing-Derived Land Surface Temperature

Thitimar Chongtaku, Attaphongse Taparugssanagorn, Hiroyuki Miyazaki, Takuji W Tsusaka

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: heat wave; heatwaves detection; land surface heatwaves; data gap-filling; machine learning algorithm; random forest regression; spatio-temporal databases; geospatial analysis; air temperature; land surface temperature

Online: 23 February 2024 (08:40:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0088.v1

Numerical Approach in Superconductivity: An Advanced Study

Valeriy Kizka

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: High-temperature superconductivity; critical temperature

Online: 6 January 2022 (12:36:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0997.v1

Chronological and Archaeometric Evaluation of Bricks from Archaeological Sites of Upper Assam, Northeast India: Estimation of the Firing Temperature and Civilization History

Raktim Ranjan Saikia, Chaitra Dhar Taye, Nurul Amin, Sorat Konwar, Laura Panzeri, Anna Galli

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: Firing Temperature; XRD-FTIR; SEM-EDS; Archaeometry; Ancient Bricks; TL/OSL dating

Online: 14 June 2024 (08:39:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1180.v1

Prediction of Environmental Parameters for Predatory Mite Cultivation Based on Temporal Feature Clustering

Ying Ma, Hongjie Lin, Wei Chen, Weijie Chen, Qianyan Wang

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: time series clustering, LSTNet, greenhouse environmental parameter modeling, temperature and humidity prediction

Online: 15 August 2024 (14:51:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0200.v1

The Impact of Climate Change on Reservoir Inflows Using Multi Climate-Model under RCPs’ Including Extreme Events—A Case of Mangla Dam, Pakistan

Muhammad Babur, Mukand Singh Babel, Sangam Shrestha, Akiyuki Kawasaki, Nitin Kumar Tripathi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: climate change; GCMs’; RCPs’; downscaling; temperature; precipitation; extreme events; SWAT; discharge

Online: 24 August 2016 (10:16:40 CEST)

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Assessment of extreme events and climate change on reservoir inflow is important for water and power stressed countries. Projected climate is subject to uncertainties related to climate change scenarios and Global Circulation Models (GCMs’). Extreme climatic events will increase with the rise in temperature as mentioned in the AR5 of the IPCC. This paper discusses the consequences of climate change that include extreme events on discharge. Historical climatic and gauging data were collected from different stations within a watershed. The observed flow data was used for calibration and validation of SWAT model. Downscaling was performed on future GCMs’ temperature and precipitation data, and plausible extreme events were generated. Corrected climatic data was applied to project the influence of climate change. Results showed a large uncertainty in discharge using different GCMs’ and different emissions scenarios. The annual tendency of the GCMs’ is bi-vocal: six GCMs’ projected a rise in annual flow, while one GCM projected a decrease in flow. The change in average seasonal flow is more as compared to annual variations. Changes in winter and spring discharge are mostly positive, even with the decrease in precipitation. The changes in flows are generally negative for summer and autumn due to early snowmelt from an increase in temperature. The change in average seasonal flows under RCPs’ 4.5 and 8.5 are projected to vary from -29.1 to 130.7% and -49.4 to 171%, respectively. In the medium range (RCP 4.5) impact scenario, the uncertainty range of average runoff is relatively low. While in the high range (RCP 8.5) impact scenario, this range is significantly larger. RCP 8.5 covered a wide range of uncertainties, while RCP 4.5 covered a short range of possibilities. These outcomes suggest that it is important to consider the influence of climate change on water resources to frame appropriate guidelines for planning and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0066.v1

Modelling Crack Propagation in Aluminium-Alloys 2524-T3 and 7050-T7452 Subjected to Fatigue Loading at Low Temperature

J. J. Xiong, M. D. Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: fatigue; crack growth; low temperature; residual life; aluminum-alloy

Online: 17 October 2016 (11:27:13 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1581.v1

Development and Experimental Study of an Experimental Setup for On-Line Vibrating Tube Liquid Densitometer

De fu Xu, Yao ning Sun, Wen lin Chen, Jun Mu, Peng Wang

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: online vibrating tube liquid densitometer; theoretical analysis; experimental setup; temperature; pressure

Online: 25 April 2024 (02:26:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0348.v1

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Urban Heat Island (UHI) Intensity in Mbombela City, Mpumalanga Province from 2008 to 2023

Njabulo Quentin Magagula

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: UHI; Land Surface Temperature (LST); Spatio-Temporal Analysis; Urbanization

Online: 4 October 2024 (14:53:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0586.v1

Surfactant-polymer Flooding: Chemical-formula Design and Evaluation for High-temperature High-salinity Qinghai Gasi Reservoir

Jinlong Sun, Yifeng Liu, Xiuyu Zhu, Futang Hu, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaoling Yi, Zhuoyan Zhu, Weidong Liu, Youyi Zhu, Qingfeng Hou

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: chemical flooding; surfactant; polymer; enhanced oil recovery; high-temperature high-salinity reservoir

Online: 8 April 2024 (17:19:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1020.v1

Synthesis of Patchouli Biomass Based (α-Fe₂O₃, γ-Fe₂O_3, Fe₃O₄)/Activated Biochar Composite for Water Environment Remediation

Tutik Setianingsih

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: patchouli; activated biochar; metal oxide; composite; impregnation; temperature; adsorption

Online: 14 August 2024 (04:49:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1039.v1

Theoretical Evaluation on Lubrication Performance of Thrust-Type Foil Bearings in Liquid Nitrogen

Hang Dou, Tao Jiang, Longgui He, Shuo Cheng, Xiaoliang Fang, Jimin Xu

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Thrust foil bearings; turbopump; ultralow temperature; feasibility assessment; static and dynamic characteristics

Online: 17 June 2024 (08:44:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0477.v1

Case Studies of the Impact of Sea Temperature and Salinity on the Strength of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific and the South China Sea

P.W. Chan, C.C. Lam, T.W. Hui, Z.G. Gao, H.L. Fu, C.J. Sun, H. Su

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: tropical cyclone; sea surface temperature; salinity; intensification

Online: 8 April 2024 (16:41:06 CEST)

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With increasing air and sea temperatures, the thermodynamic environments over the oceans become more favourable for the development of intense tropical cyclones (TCs) with rapid intensification (RI). In fact, the number of TCs undergoing RI is rising (Zhao, et al., 2018; Bhatia, et al., 2019; Song, et al., 2020; Hong & Wu, 2021; Liu, et al., 2022). RI over coastal sea areas before landfalling is particularly impactful and threatening to coastal lives and properties. There have been studies showing that offshore areas within 400 km of the coastline have experienced a significant increase in RI events with the count tripling from 1980 to 2020 (Li et al., 2023). The south China coastal region consists of highly densely populated cities especially the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Intense TCs maintaining its strength or RI of TCs close to the coastal region presents substantial forecasting challenges. This study investigates the effect of sea surface and subsurface temperature and salinity on the intensification of five TCs, namely Super Typhoons Hato in 2017 and Mangkhut in 2018, Typhoon Talim, Super Typhoon Saola and Severe Typhoon Koinu in 2023, which significantly affected the south China coastal region and triggered high TC warning signals in Hong Kong. The analysis utilized the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) TC track and intensity data, along with the sea temperature and salinity profiles generated using the China Ocean ReAnalysis version 2 (CORA2) of the National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS) of China. While high sea surface temperature (SST) of 30°C or above, low surface sea surface salinity (SSS) of 34 psu or below, and strong salinity stratification of at least 0.8 psu per 100 m depth may offer useful hints for predicting RI, they are part of a broader set of contributing factors. This study represents the initial documentation of sub-surface salinity's impact on intense TCs over the South China Sea (SCS) in recent years and will encourage further research to refine forecasting RI of TCs before making landfall near PRD taking into account the effect of freshwater from the Pearl River.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1931.v1

Using Contrast Boundary Concentration of LST for Earthquake Approach Assessment in Turkey, 6-8 February 2023

Serhii Nikulin, Kateryna Sergieieva, Olga Korobko, Vita Kashtan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: land surface temperature; earthquake; contrast boundaries; East Anatolian Fault zone; Landsat 8

Online: 24 July 2024 (12:42:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0730.v1

Oviposition Deterrent Effect of a High Quality Natural Zeolite for the Olive Fruit Fly Bactrocera oleae, under Different Conditions of Temperature and Relative Humidity

Soultana Kyriaki Kovaiou, Anastasia Kokkari, George Floros, Nikolaos Kantiranis, Nikos A. Kouloussis, Anestis A. Filippidis, Dimitrios Koveos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: olive fly; control; oviposition deterrent effect; natural zeolite (zeolitic rock); clinoptilolite; temperature; relative humidity

Online: 13 February 2024 (09:02:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0010.v1

Environmental Tipping Points for Sperm Motility, Fertilization, and Embryonic Development in the Crown-of-Thorns Starfish, Acanthaster cf. solaris

Ciemon Frank Caballes, Morgan S. Pratchett, Maia L. Raymundo, Jairo A. Rivera-Posada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: fertilization; cleavage; gastrulation; sperm motility; temperature; salinity; pH; Acanthaster outbreaks

Online: 1 December 2016 (11:01:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0548.v1

Influence of Bitumen Type and Asphalt Mixture Composition on Low-temperature Strength Properties

Marek Pszczola, Cezary Szydlowski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: asphalt mixture; low-temperature cracking; tensile strength; strength reserve; flexural strength; Uniaxial Tension Stress Test (UTST); Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST); Bending Beam Test (BBT); Semi-Circular Bending Test (SCB);

Online: 27 September 2018 (14:43:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1822.v1

Molecular Dynamics Study on Wear Resistance of High Entropy Alloy Coatings Considering the Effect of Temperature

Xianhe Zhang, Zhengrong Yang, Yong Deng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: high entropy alloys coating; wear resistance; temperature; dislocation density; lattice disorder

Online: 26 June 2024 (14:43:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1736.v1

Residual Flexural Performance of Large-Scale Ferronickel Slag Alkali-Activated Concrete Slabs After Fire Exposure

Andres Arce, Panagiotis Kapsalis, Laura Stefanini, Catherine G. Papanicolaou, Thanasis C. Triantafillou

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Alkali-Activated material; concrete; structural application; slab; fire; high temperature

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:58:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0017.v1

Elastic Wave Motions and an Electromagnetic Field for a Photothermal Theory with Two Temperature under Hydrostatic Initial Stress

Khaled Lotfy, Wafaa Hassan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: photothermal theory; carrier density; magnetic field; the harmonic wave; two temperature

Online: 9 July 2016 (11:00:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0987.v1

The Spatiotemporal Surface Velocity Variations and Analysis of Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica

Ma yuan Yuan, Zhang Bao Jun, Wang Ze Min, Li Fei, Geng Hong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Amery Ice Shelf; Surface velocity variation; AIS thickness; Fast-ice; Ocean temperature

Online: 15 May 2024 (10:28:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1599.v1

Study on Transport and Temperature Characteristics of β-Ga2O3 Based Diode Controlled by Varying Anode Work Function

Yunlong He, Baisong Sheng, Xiaoli Lu, Guran Chen, Peng Liu, Ying Zhou, Xichen Wang, Weiwei Chen, Lei Wang, Jun Yang, Xuefeng Zheng, Xiaohua Ma, Yue Hao

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: β-Ga2O3; diode; turn-on voltage; temperature characteristic; contact resistance

Online: 21 October 2024 (13:49:41 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0251.v1

Generalized n-dimensional Effective Temperature for Cryogenic Systems in Accelerator Physics

Heetae Kim, Chang-Soo Park

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: effective temperature; fractional dimension; thermal radiation; cryogenic system; accelerator physics

Online: 2 July 2024 (14:03:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1566.v2

Weather Forecasting Using Machine Learning Techniques: Rainfall and Temperature Analysis

Adil Hussain, Ayesha Aslam, Sajib Tripura, VIneet Dhanawat, Varun Shinde

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: rainfall prediction; temperature prediction; ensemble classifier; rain prediction; weather prediction

Online: 13 September 2024 (11:43:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1420.v1

High-Resolution Early Warning Systems Using DL: Part I - Elevation-Integrated Temperature and Precipitation SRGAN Downscaling (E-TEPS)

Afshin Shafei, Francesco Cioffi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Downscaling Models; Deep Learning; Total Precipitation; Temperature; Elevation; SRGAN; Early Warning Systems

Online: 20 August 2024 (16:24:56 CEST)

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This study introduces an advanced method for climate downscaling using a Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN), referred to as Elevation-integrated TEmperature and Precipitation SRGAN downscaling (E-TEPS), to enhance the spatial resolution of climate data, specifically 2m-temperature above the surface and total precipitation, from the high-resolution Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC) dataset over Italy. Traditional Numerical weather prediction (NWP) as well as global climate models (GCMs) generally lack the resolution required for local applications, and this research addresses that gap by refining GCM outputs to provide detailed local climate insights. E-TEPS incorporates elevation maps as auxiliary inputs, significantly improving the accuracy of downscaled temperature and precipitation data. Utilizing Google Cloud's computational resources, the model processes large climate datasets and runs complex training operations efficiently. The system is exceptionally fast, delivering all results in under 10 seconds. The model demonstrates superior performance over two interpolation methods (bicubic and linear), used as traditional downscaling methods, achieving lower Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), higher Pearson Correlation for temperature, and higher agreement values for the precipitation. Visual comparisons confirm that E-TEPS generated high-resolution outputs exhibit fewer artifacts and better detail preservation, particularly in regions with complex terrain and variable climatic conditions. These findings underscore the potential of our model in delivering precise, high-resolution climate predictions, thereby enhancing the performance of early-warning systems and supporting more effective climate-related decision-making. This paper is the first part of a two-part series; the second part will demonstrate the integration of this downscaling method with the FourCastNet global forecasting model to enhance climate predictions at a regional level, particularly focusing on high-resolution forecasts for Italy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1158.v1

Two-Color-Thermography for Temperature Determination in Laser Beam Welding of Low-Melting Materials

Karen Schwarzkopf, Richard Rothfelder, Michael Rasch, Michael Schmidt

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: two-color-thermography; temperature; temperature determination; ratio-based temperature measurement; laser beam welding; low-melting materials

Online: 28 April 2023 (09:44:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0702.v1

Development and Validation of Correlation Charts to Predict the Undisturbed Ground Temperature of Pakistan; a Step Toward Potential Geothermal Energy Exploration

Tabish Ali, Waseem Haider, And Arif Hussain

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Geothermal Energy, Ground Temperature, Correlation Chart, Soil Types, Temperature Equation

Online: 21 April 2023 (09:27:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0209.v1

Estimating the influencing factors of Gas-Water Relative Permeability in Condensate Gas Reservoirs under High-Temperature and High-Pressure Conditions

Shuheng Cui, QiLin Wu, Zixuan Wang

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: gas-water relative permeability; high temperature; high pressure; condensate gas reservoir; influencing factors

Online: 5 March 2024 (10:57:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0455.v1

Enhancing the Reliability of NO2 Monitoring Using Low-Cost Sensors by Compensating for Temperature and Humidity Effects

Daniellys Alejo-Sánchez, Olivier Schalm, Arianna Álvarez-Cruz, Erik Hernández-Rodríguez, Alain Martínez-Laguardia, David Kairuz-Cabrera, Mayra C. Morales-Pérez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Calibration; Repeatability; NO2 monitoring; Low-cost sensors; Temperature compensation; Humidity effects

Online: 8 October 2024 (11:19:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1424.v1

Looking beyond Traditional Drivers: Climate Effects on Eurozone Sovereign Yields

Panagiotis Palaios, Flora Leventis

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: climate change; panel quantile regression; slope heterogeneity; asymmetries; sovereign yields; temperature; precipitation

Online: 22 May 2024 (07:59:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0922.v1

Simulation and Experimental Results for Energy Production Using Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal Technology

Roxana Margareta Grigore, Sorin Gabriel Vernica, Sorin Eugen Popa, Ioan Viorel Banu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: energy efficiency; solar energy; solar irradiance; solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) systems; temperature

Online: 18 February 2024 (11:52:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0444.v2

Microbial Community Analysis of Caproic Acid-Producing Bacteria in Sub-High-Temperature Daqu

Zhiqiang Ren, Shuqin Huang, Zhiguo Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: caproic acid-producing bacteria; sub-high-temperature Daqu; anaerobic enrichment; high-throughput sequencing

Online: 6 September 2024 (12:58:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2474.v1

Design of Small-Size Lithium-Battery Based Electromagnetic Induction Heating Control System

Yuanjie Liang, Shihao Song, Bocheng Xu, Zhuangzhuang Li, Xuelin Li, Zonglai Mo, and Jun Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electromagnetic Induction Heating; Lithium-battery heating; full bridge inverter; temperature control

Online: 31 July 2024 (03:04:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0232.v1

Characterization of Qu-aroma of Medium-High Temperature Daqu from Different Production Areas Using Sensory Evaluation, E-nose, and GC-MS/O Analysis

Jie Deng, Jia Zheng, Xing Li, Zhiguo Huang, Dan Huang, Guangbin Ye, Huibo Luo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Medium-High Temperature Daqu; Qu-aroma; Volatile compounds

Online: 4 September 2024 (03:08:27 CEST)

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BACKGROUND: Qu-aroma is a critical quality indicator for medium-high temperature Daqu (MT-Daqu), significantly influencing the aroma profile of strong-aroma Baijiu (SAB). SAB is produced across various regions in China, each with unique environmental conditions and production techniques. These regional differences are likely to cause variations in the Qu-aroma of MT-Daqu. Despite this, comprehensive research on the variations in Qu-aroma across different regions has been lacking. This study aims to address this gap by utilizing Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry-Mass Spectrometry (GC-O-MS) and electronic nose (E-nose) technology, combined with sensory evaluation, to analyze the differences in Qu-aroma characteristics and volatile compound profiles of MT-Daqu from seven distinct production areas.RESULTS: Sensory analysis identified seven broad aroma categories and 25 specific aromas characterizing the Qu-aroma of MT-Daqu samples. Chen aroma and roasted aroma were notably more prevalent in MT-Daqu samples from Sichuan compared to those from other regions (P < 0.05), while the fermentation aroma was less prominent in Sichuan samples. In total, 123 volatile compounds were detected in MT-Daqu, with 46 classified as aroma-active compounds. Among these, 21 aroma-active compounds were identified as markers distinguishing Sichuan MT-Daqu from those produced in non-Sichuan regions, showing significant differences in their concentrations (P < 0.05). Additionally, six major aroma-active compounds-ethyl isovalerate, ethyl heptanoate, hexanal, 1-nonanal, (E)-2,4-decadienal, and 2,3-dimethyl-5-ethylpyrazine-were found to significantly contribute to the aroma differences between Sichuan and non-Sichuan MT-Daqu.CONCLUSION: This study delineates the distinct Qu-aroma characteristics of MT-Daqu from various SAB production areas and identifies the aroma-active compounds responsible for these differences. The insights gained from this research offer valuable guidance for optimizing flavor profiles in MT-Daqu production, potentially enhancing the overall quality and regional distinctiveness of the product.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1520.v1

Sensor Systems for Measuring Force and Temperature with Fiber-Optic Bragg Gratings Embedded in Composite Materials

Aliya Kalizhanova, Ainur Kozbakova, Murat Kunelbayev, Zhalau Aitkulov, Anar Utegenova, Ulzhan Imanbekova

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: fiber optic Bragg sensor, composite material, force and temperature measurements, chirp, polymethyl methacrylate

Online: 21 June 2024 (11:44:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1141.v1

Temporal Variations in Land Surface Temperature within an Urban Ecosystem: A Comprehensive Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Change in Kharkiv, Ukraine

William Gareth Rees, Liliia Hebryn-Baidy, Vadym Belenok

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: land surface temperature; land use/land cover; Landsat; Modis; air temperature; urban heat island; surface urban heat island; linear trend

Online: 19 March 2024 (11:19:07 CET)

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Remote sensing technologies are critical for analyzing the escalating impacts of global climate change and increasing urbanization, providing vital insights into land surface temperature (LST), land use and cover (LULC) changes, and the identification of urban heat island (UHI) and surface urban heat island (SUHI) phenomena. This research focuses on the nexus between LULC alterations and variations in LST and air temperature (Tair), with a specific emphasis on the intensified SUHI effect in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Employing an integrated approach, the study analyzes time-series data from Landsat and MODIS satellites, alongside Tair climate records, utilizing machine learning techniques and linear regression analysis. Key findings indicate a statistically significant upward trend in Tair and LST during summer months from 1984 to 2023, with a notable positive correlation between Tair and LST across both datasets. MODIS data exhibit a stronger correlation R² = 0.879, compared to Landsat R² = 0.663. The application of supervised classification through Random Forest algorithms and vegetation indices on LULC data reveals significant alterations, manifested as a 70.3% increase in urban land, concurrently with a decrement in vegetative cover, especially 15.5% reduction in dense vegetation and a 62.9% decrease in sparse vegetation. Change detection analysis elucidates a 24.6% conversion of sparse vegetation into urban land, underscoring a pronounced trajectory towards urbanization. Temporal and seasonal LST variations across different LULC classes were analyzed using kernel density estimation (KDE) and boxplot analysis. Urban areas and sparse vegetation had the smallest average LST fluctuations, at 2.09°C and 2.16°C, respectively, but recorded the most extreme LST values. Water and dense vegetation classes exhibited slightly larger fluctuations of 2.30°C and 2.24°C, with the bare land class showing the highest fluctuation 2.46°C, but fewer extremes. Quantitative analysis with the application of Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests across various LULC classes substantiated the normality of LST distributions p > 0.05 for both monthly and annual data sets. Conversely, the Shapiro-Wilk test validated the normal distribution hypothesis exclusively for monthly data, indicating deviations from normality in the annual data. Thresholded LST classifies urban and bare lands as warmest classes with 39.51°C, 38.20°C and water by 35.96°C and dense vegetation 35.52°C, sparse vegetation 37.71°C as coldest, a trend consistent annually and monthly. The analysis of SUHI effects demonstrates an increasing trend in UHI intensity, with statistical trends indicating a growth in average SUHI values over time. This comprehensive study underscores the critical role of remote sensing in understanding and addressing the impacts of climate change and urbanization on local and global climates, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban planning and green infrastructure to mitigate UHI effects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0961.v1

Research on Short‐Term Forecasting Model of Global Atmospheric Temperature and Wind in the Near Space Based on Deep Learning

Xingxin Sun, Ting Lan, Yi Liu, Chen Zhou, Jian Feng, Huiyun Yang, Yuqiang Zhang, Zhou Chen, Tong Xu, Zhong-Xin Deng, Zhengyu Zhao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Global atmospheric temperature and wind in the near space; ConvGRU; ConvLSTM; MERRA‐2 reanalysis dataset

Online: 13 August 2024 (14:41:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0152.v1

Enhancing Lubricating Oil Performance through the Integration of Viscosity Improvers in Mono-Grade and Multi-grade Blends

NNADIKWE JOHNSON, IHEME CHIGOZIE

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Mono-Grade; Multi-Grade; Blends; Temperature; Lubricants; Quality; Product

Online: 2 April 2024 (08:53:06 CEST)

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ABSTRACT Lubricants play a crucial role in reducing friction and wear between surfaces in relative motion. Engine oil, as a lubricant, is specifically designed to minimize friction and wear between the moving parts of different equipment and machinery. Engine oil blending serves the purpose of adjusting the variety of lubricants available to meet specific performance requirements. Through blending, it is possible to tailor the characteristics of the lubricating oil, such as viscosity, stability, and additive content, to optimize its effectiveness in reducing friction, protecting engine components, and enhancing overall equipment performance. By customizing lubricant formulations through blending, manufacturers can address the diverse lubrication needs of modern engines and machinery, ensuring smooth operation, longevity, and efficiency.To enhance the quality of the lubricant and achieve the desired high-performance multi-grade engine oil, a systematic approach was followed. The process began with testing the specific gravity of the oil using a hydrometer and thermometer to ensure accurate measurements. Subsequently, 5 liters of base oil were carefully measured and poured into a stainless steel reactor pot to serve as the blending vessel. Following this, 1 liter of paraffin oil (100N) was added to the base oil to introduce specific properties to the blend. To further optimize the formulation, 0.42 kg (7% of the total blend) of additives, including a selection of specific performance-enhancing compounds, was incorporated. These additives, such as Aspen, Tackifier, and other essential components like anti-wear, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, and antioxidants, were meticulously measured and added to the mix. Through this precise blending process, the goal was to craft a high-quality multi-grade engine oil that meets the stringent performance requirements for various operating conditions and equipment types. After the melted Aspen and dissolved tackifier were added to the mixture, thorough stirring was carried out to ensure uniform distribution until a homogeneous blend was achieved. The mixture was then exposed to heat to facilitate the reaction between the base oil and additives, reaching a temperature of 70°C for optimal blending. Subsequently, 0.5 kg of viscosity index improver was introduced into the mixture and stirred continuously for a period of 5 minutes to ensure proper integration. Following this step, 5 grams of dye were carefully added to the mixture, and stirring was continued to evenly disperse the coloring agent throughout the blend. This meticulous process aimed to ensure that all components were effectively incorporated, facilitating the production of a high-quality, customized multi-grade engine oil with enhanced performance characteristics and optimal lubricating properties. After subjecting the mixture to a temperature of 70°C, the heat source was removed, allowing the product to gradually cool down to room temperature, which was estimated to be around 30°C. Following this cooling process, the product underwent a filtration step to remove any residual impurities present in the mixture. A sample of the purified product was then extracted for further analysis. Quality control tests were meticulously carried out on the sample to ensure that the product met the rigorous standards set by the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON). The results obtained from the quality control tests were highly promising, indicating that the product indeed complied with the stringent specifications outlined by the regulatory body. This adherence to quality standards is essential in ensuring the product's reliability and performance in various applications. The successful outcome of the quality control test underscores the meticulous attention to detail and commitment to excellence in the production process. The rigorous quality control procedures implemented in the analysis of the product highlight the commitment to upholding high standards of quality and safety in the manufacturing process. By consistently meeting and exceeding industry regulations and standards, the product not only demonstrates its reliability but also reflects a dedication to customer satisfaction and product excellence. The adherence to the SON standards showcases a commitment to producing top-quality products that meet the needs and expectations of consumers and industry stakeholders alike.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1951.v1

Evaluation of Selected Empirical Models for Asphalt Pavement Temperature Prediction in Tropical Climate: The Case of Ghana

Simon Ntramah, Kenneth A. Tutu, Yaw A. Tuffour, Charles A. Adams, Emmanuel Kofi Adanu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Asphalt pavement temperature; empirical mode; tropical climate; temperature prediction; pavement evaluation

Online: 28 July 2023 (09:35:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1876.v1

An In-Depth Analysis of Tsallis Statistics: π ±, K ± Mesons, and Pp̄ Baryon in Inelastic Pp Collisions

Uzma Tabassam, Zain Ul Abidin, Khadija Gul Sharif, Irfan Siddique

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: Transverse momentum; Chemical potential; Effective temperature; Tsallis distribution function; Colour coherence

Online: 24 July 2024 (11:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1436.v1

Cosmic Entropy Prediction with Extremely High Precision in Rh = ct Cosmology

Espen Haug, Eugene Tatum

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Bekensten-Hawking entropy; black hole entropy; Hubble sphere; CMB temperature

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0348.v1

Heat Stress Effects on Physiological and Milk Yield Traits of Holstein Friesian Crossbreds Reared in Tanga Region, Tanzania

Vincent Habimana, Athumani Shabani Nguluma, Zabron Cuthibert Nziku, Chinyere Charlotte Ekine - Dzivenu, Gota Morota, Raphael Mrode, Sebastian Wilson Chenyambuga

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Holstein Friesian crosses; milk yield; milk composition; physiological parameters; temperature-humidity index

Online: 6 June 2024 (04:56:32 CEST)

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Global warming caused by climate change is a challenge for dairy farming, especially in sub-Saharan countries. Under high temperature and relative humidity dairy cows suffer from heat stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and relationship of heat stress (HS) measured by temperature-humidity index (THI) on physiological parameters and milk yield and composition of lactating Holstein Friesian crosses reared in the humid coastal region of Tanzania. A total of 29 lactating Holstein Friesian x Zebu crossbred dairy cattle with 50% (HF50) and 75% (HF75) Holstein Friesian blood levels in their second and third month of lactation were used. Breed composition of Holstein Friesian was determined based on animal recording system used at the Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI), Tanga. Data collected included daily temperature, relative humidity, daily milk yield, and physiological parameters (core-body temperature, rectal temperature, respiration rate, and panting score). The THI was calculated using the equation of National Research Council [39]. The THI values were categorized into three classes i.e. low THI (76-78), moderate THI (79-81) and high THI (82-84). The effects of THI on physiological parameters and milk yield and composition were assessed. Also, the effects of genotype, parity, lactation month, and interaction of these parameters with THI i on milk yield, milk composition, and physiological parameters were investigated. The results indicate that THI and its interaction with genotypes, parity, and lactation month had highly significant effect on all the parameters. THI affected (P ˂ 0.05) average daily milk yield and milk fat %, protein %, lactose %, and solids – not – fat %. When THI increased from moderate to high values, average daily milk yield declined from 3.49 ± 0.04 to 3.43 ± 0.05 liters/day while fat % increased from 2.66 ± 0.05% to 3.04 ± 0.06% and protein decreased from 3.15 ± 0.02% to 3.13 ± 0.03%. No decline was observed on lactose % whilst solids – not – fat % declined from 8.56 ± 0.08% to 8.55 ± 0.10%, when the THI values increased from moderate to high. Also, THI affected (P˂0.05) physiological parameters. Core-body temperature (CBT), rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR) and panting score (PS) increased from 35.60 ± 0.01 to 36.00 ± 0.01oC, 38.03 ± 0.02 to 38.3.30 ± 0.02oC, 62.53 ± 0.29 to 72.35 ± 0.28 breaths/min and 1.35 ± 0.01 to 1.47 ± 0.09, respectively, when THI increased from low to high. THI showed a low positive correlation with average daily milk yield and fat percentage whilst protein, lactose, and solids – not - fat percentages showed negative relationships with THI (P ≤ 0.05). The CBT, RT, RR, and PS showed positive relationships (P ≤ 0.05) with THI. These negative relationships indicate that there is an antagonistic correlation between sensitivity to HS and degree of production. It is concluded that the THI, genotype, parity, and lactation month, and their interactions with THI significantly affected milk yield, milk composition, and physiological parameters of lactating Holstein Friesian dairy crosses at THI thresholds ranging from 77 to 84.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0805.v1

The Impact of Ultra-Low Temperature Quenching Treatment on the Pore Structure of Natural Quartz Sand

Yu Guo, Nianshou Cheng, Ran Ding, Junhua Chen, Lingxiu Shu, Wei Xu, Guoliang Shi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: natural quartz sand; ultra-low temperature quenching; cracked structure; fractal

Online: 10 October 2024 (12:55:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0096.v1

Identification and Characterization of Spontaneous Auxotrophic Mutants in Fusarium langsethiae

Olga Gavrilova, Anna Skritnika, Tatiana Gagkaeva

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: auxotrophy; subgroups of F. langsethiae; temperature sensitivity; biotin; thiamine; media; northern Europe

Online: 27 February 2017 (09:05:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0045.v1

Analysis of Altitude and Ambient Temperature Effects on the Reactivity of Oxidation Catalysts in the Presence of H2

José Ramón Serrano, Pedro Piqueras, Enrique José Sanchis, Carla Conde

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: hydrogen; emissions; altitude; exhaust aftertreatment system; ambient temperature; low temperature; light-off

Online: 1 May 2024 (05:39:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0070.v2

Possible Effects of Air Temperature on COVID-19 Disease Severity and Transmission Rates

Dominique Kang, Clifford Ellgen, Erik Kulstad

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Covid; covid-19; sars-cov-2; temperature; heat; body temperature; air temperature; viral decay; viral stability; transmission; severity; virology; thermodynamics

Online: 6 September 2021 (13:23:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1631.v1

Isotherm Maps of Extreme Temperature Actions for Steel-Concrete Composite Girder in Plateau and Cold Area

Yujuan Liu, Zhiyuan Ma, Jiang Liu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Bridge engineering; Steel-concrete composite girders; Temperature actions; Geographic variability; Historical meteorology; Contour map

Online: 22 October 2024 (09:45:10 CEST)

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In order to accurately assess the temperature action and effect of steel-concrete composite girder bridges in plateau and cold area, this paper investigated nearly 50 years of historical meteorological data from 26 meteorological observation stations in the Tibet region of China, and numerical simulation of the temperature field of the composite girder was carried out by using the most unfavorable extreme meteorological conditions of each meteorological station as the boundary, respectively. The most unfavorable values of effective temperature and positive and negative vertical temperature gradients were obtained. The geographical variability of the temperature actions at different meteorological stations was analyzed, and the contour maps of the extreme values of the effective temperature and temperature gradient actions were further obtained by using the spatial interpolation method. The study shows that the effective temperature of the composite girder is significantly affected by the climatic environment, and the isotherm map can visualize the geographical distribution law of the effective temperature extremes of the concrete box girder. The maximum and minimum effective temperatures in Tibet range from 18.28 ℃ to 42.27 ℃ and from -41.07 ℃ to 4.71 ℃ respectively, with a geographic variability of 23.99 ℃ and 45.78 ℃ respectively. The maximum regional difference of positive and negative temperature gradient reaches 11.32 ℃ and 7.69 ℃ respectively. Referring to the Chinese specification and the European specification of the composite girder's temperature role in the value, the highest effective temperature and positive temperature gradient in most of the areas in Tibet is too conservative, and the lowest effective temperature and negative temperature gradient is not safe enough, which may lead to the composite girder bridges with cracking of the concrete deck slabs and the disease of the bearings and expansion joints.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0575.v1

Effects of Silicon Content on Oxidation at 1000°C of Aisi 1045, Aisi 5160 and Aisi 9254 Steels.

Guilherme Maranhão Costa, Lioudmila Aleksandrovna Matlakhova, Sergio Neves Monteiro

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: high-temperature; silicon; oxidation

Online: 8 December 2023 (10:14:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0198.v1

Development of Body Tissue Temperature Control Transducer

Audrone Dumciene, Saule Sipaviciene

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: body temperature; sensors; transduser

Online: 8 November 2018 (10:11:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0118.v1

Uncovering Spatio-Temporal and Treatment-Derived Differences in the Molecular Physiology of a Model Coral-Dinoflagellate Mutualism with Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Anderson Mayfield

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: acclimation; coral reefs; endosymbiosis; molecular biology; multivariate statistics; temperature; upwelling

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0268.v1

Trends in the Occurrence of Compound Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation in Côte d’Ivoire

Elisée Yapo AKOBE, Adama DIAWARA, Fidèle YOROBA, Benjamin K. KOUASSI, Assi Louis Martial YAPO, Ibrahima DIBA, Kouakou KOUADIO, Dro T. TIÉMOKO, Dianikoura Ibrahim KONÉ, Arona Diedhiou

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: CORDEX-Africa; compound extremes; precipitation; temperature; Cô; te d’ Ivoire

Online: 3 September 2024 (20:03:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0064.v1

Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of agricultural greenhouse microclimate by the application of artificial intelligence and / or fuzzy logic

Didi Faouzi, Nacereddine Bibi-Triki

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Greenhouse , microclimate , Modelling , fuzzy controller , Optimization , Solar Energy , Energy saving , Climate Model ,Greenhouse effect , Temperature

Online: 21 July 2016 (09:44:16 CEST)

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Agricultural greenhouse is largely answered in the agricultural sphere, despite the shortcomings it has, including overheating during the day and night cooling which sometimes results in the thermal inversion mainly due to its low inertia. The glasshouse dressed chapel is relatively more efficient than the conventional tunnel greenhouse. Its proliferation on the ground is more or less timid because of its relatively high cost[14-22]. Agricultural greenhouse aims to create a favorable microclimate to the requirements of growth and development of culture, from the surrounding weather conditions, produce according to the cropping calendars fruits, vegetables and flower species out of season and widely available along the year. It is defined by its structural and functional architecture, the quality thermal, mechanical and optical of its wall, with its sealing level and the technical and technological accompanying[12-13]. The greenhouse is a very confined environment, where multiple components are exchanged between key stakeholders and them factors are light, temperature and relative humidity[8]. This state of thermal evolution is the level sealing of the cover of its physical characteristics to be transparent to solar, absorbent and reflective of infrared radiation emitted by the enclosure where the solar radiation trapping effect otherwise called "greenhouse effect" and its technical and technological means of air that accompany. The socio-economic analysis of populations in the world leaves appear especially the last two decades of rapid and profound transformations These changes are accompanied by changes in eating habits, mainly characterized by rising consumption spread along the year[14]. To effectively meet this demand, greenhouse-systems have evolved, particularly towards greater control of production conditions (climate, irrigation, ventilation techniques, CO2 supply, etc ...). Technological progress has allowed the development of greenhouses so that they become increasingly sophisticated and of an industrial nature (heating, air conditioning, control, computer, regulation, etc ...). New climate driving techniques have emerged, including the use of control devices from the classic to the use of artificial intelligence[10-11] such as neural networks and / or fuzzy logic, etc... As a result, the greenhouse growers prefer these new technologies while optimizing the investment in the field to effectively meet the supply and demand of these fresh products cheaply and widely available throughout the year.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0167.v2

Review of Accurate Detection of Human Skin Tissue Temperature Based on Microwave Radiation Method

Jingtao Wu, Jie Liu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Microwave radiation diagnosis; accurate temperature measurement; pencil beam; correlated radiometer architecture; combining forward and inversion

Online: 11 March 2024 (07:01:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1644.v1

Fractional Boundary Element Solution for Nonlinear Nonlocal Thermoelastic Problems of Anisotropic Fibrous Polymer Nanomaterials

Mohamed Abdelsabour Fahmy, Moncef Toujani

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Boundary element method; Fractional-order; size- dependent; temperature- dependent; Nonlinear nonlocal elasticity

Online: 28 April 2024 (04:56:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0455.v1

Temperature Measurement of Fluids Flow by Using a Focusing Schlieren Method

Adrián Martínez-González, David Moreno-Hernández, J. Ascención Guerrero-Viramontes, Miguel León-Rodríguez, J. Carlos I. Zamarripa-Ramírez, Cesar Carrillo-Delgado

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: focusing schlieren; temperature; measurements

Online: 19 November 2018 (10:58:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0025.v1

Systematic Study of Reaction Conditions for Size Controlled Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles

Barbara Vörös-Horváth, Ala’ Salem, Barna Kovács, Aleksandar Széchenyi*, Szilárd Pál

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Silica nanoparticles; Nanoparticle synthesis; Particle size control; Stö; ber method; Ammonium hydroxide concentration; Water concentration; Temperature effect

Online: 2 September 2024 (11:33:58 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0013.v1

Optimization of the ZnO ALD Coating of a Photonic Microsphere-Based Temperature Sensor

Paulina Listewnik, Mikhael Bechelany, Małgorzata Szczerska

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: temperature sensor; fiber optic sensor; photonic sensor; atomic layer deposition; microsphere; temperature; ZnO

Online: 1 March 2021 (13:24:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1783.v1

Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance and Wall Temperature of Water-cooled Wall in a 1000 MW Boiler under Low-load Conditions

Peian Chong, Xiaolei Zhu, Jianning Li, Xiao Li, Lei Deng

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Supercritical boiler; Water-cooled wall; Hydrodynamic performance; Wall temperature characteristics; Deep peak shaving

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:33:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1075.v1

Research on Heating Effect of Convection Radiator Based on Human Thermophysiological Model

Zongjiang Liu, Wei Xu, Linhua Zhang, Zhong Li, Ji Li

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Thermophysiological model; Convection radiator; Local skin temperature; Low temperature heating; Heating effect

Online: 14 December 2023 (09:05:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1557.v1

Groundwater Springs Influence Fish Community Distribution and Trout Condition across a Longitudinal Gradient in a Coldwater Catchment in Southeastern MN, USA

Will L. Varela, Neal D. Mundahl, David F. Staples, Silas Bergen, Jennifer Cochran-Biederman, Cole R. Weaver, Martin C. Thoms

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: trout abundance, climate change, temperature pattern streams, canonical correlation, flow-chain model.

Online: 24 June 2024 (09:48:16 CEST)

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The thermal conditions of transitional (ranging from warm to cold) coldwater streams impact the ranges and resource availabilities for biota inhabiting these lotic systems. With ongoing climate change and increasing land modifications, thermal boundaries may shift, altering thermal transition zones and their biotic communities. The objective of this study was to investigate the condition of trout across three forks of the Whitewater River catchment and to investigate factors influencing fish community composition and distribution. Each fork was characterized into three separate sections: headwater (coolwater), middle (warmwater), and lower (coldwater). Springs were identified throughout each fork, with greatest concentrations in the lower sections of each fork. Using single-pass electrofishing, we sampled 61 sites across the three forks in the Whitewater River system (North = 21 sites, Middle = 19, South = 21), and catch statistics were used to calculate diversity, trout abundance, and trout condition. In general, diversity increased, and trout were healthier but less abundant in middle and headwater sections, whereas diversity decreased slightly, trout condition decreased, and trout abundance increased in lower reaches, with changes differing somewhat among forks. Canonical correlation analysis had strong significant correlations showing simpson diversity and condition increase going upstream with high non trout abundance and catch rates while trout catch rates and reach width decrease. The Whitewater River is a catchment exhibiting transitional temperature-pattern characteristics with generally low fish community diversity and trout conditions that range from thin, normal, and robust. Dominated by a changing landscape (agriculture) and intensifying climate change, we may begin to see stream temperatures increase along with species diversity. Understanding how spring temperature influences species composition and distribution can bring potential stressors to light increasing our understanding of thermal conditions and to help mitigate the negative impacts from land use and climate change.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1697.v1

Closed Form Solution to the Hubble Tension Based on Rh = Ct Cosmology

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension close dorm; Hubble constant; Cosmological redshift; z; CMB temperature

Online: 23 September 2024 (12:25:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1888.v1

Molecular Mechanism and Signal Transduction of Resistance to Low-Temperature Stress Induced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GL18 in Avena sativa

Lan Chen, Tian Wang, Ying Zhang, Yongli Xie, Feifei Chang, Lingling Wu, Ying Gao, Junxi Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: low-temperature stress; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; ‘ Qingyan 1’ ; transcriptome; signal transduction pathway analysis

Online: 27 August 2024 (15:34:47 CEST)

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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GL18 has been proven to have good resistance ability and can promote the growth of Avena sativa cultivar ‘Qingyan 1’. Herein, Illumina high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technology was used to analyze the differential expression of genes between the interaction group (LB) and the control group (LCK) when ‘Qingyan 1’ roots interacted with GL18 bacterial suspension or sterile water for 12 h under 4 °C low-temperature stress. The gene function annotation information was obtained using Gene Ontology (GO) functional classification and enrichment analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and annotation of differentially expressed genes was used to explore the related signal transduction pathway of ‘Qingyan 1’ response to cold stress induced by Bacillus GL18. The results showed that after ‘Qingyan 1’ seedlings interacted with GL18 bacterial suspension or sterile water for 12 h, comparing the LB with the LCK or CK (the control group at 26 °C), there were 12,061 and 25,489 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Their functions were mainly related to metabolic process, cellular process, catalytic activity, binding, and cellular parts, and they were significantly enriched in plant tissue growth and development, cell wall, organelle membrane synthesis, thiamine and its compounds, biosynthesis, polyamine decomposition, and other metabolic processes. Signal transduction was detected through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and corresponding genes, such as AUXI, PP2C, SNRK2, ABF, BRI1, and PIF4, were expressed. The expression of genes directly involved in plant growth was upregulated in the presence of GL18, as shown by real-time quantitative PCR analysis. It was speculated that the normal growth and development of ‘Qingyan 1’ under low-temperature stress promoted by GL18 is a result of the integration of multiple pathways in terms of regulating endogenous hormone metabolism, secondary metabolite synthesis, and photosynthesis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1322.v1

High-Resolution Early Warning Systems Using DL: Part II - Combining FourCastNet and E-TEPS for High-Resolution Climate Forecasting

Afshin Shafei, Francesco Cioffi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Early Warning System; Temperature; Precipitation; Climate Downscaling; Machine-Learning; Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network; Flood

Online: 19 August 2024 (12:16:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0440.v1

The IASI Water Deficit Index to Monitor the Vegetation Stress and the Early Drying in Summer Because of Heatwaves: an Application to Southern Italy

Guido Masiello, Francesco Ripullone, Italia De Feis, Angelo Rita, Luigi Saulino, Pamela Pasquariello, Angela Cersosimo, Sara Venafra, Carmine Serio

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: climate change; drought; water deficit index; infrared observations; satellite; remote sensing; surface temperature; air temperature; humidity; dew point temperature

Online: 29 July 2022 (02:36:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1546.v1

Raman Spectroscopy and Electrical Transport in 30Li2O• (67-X) B2O3•(x) SiO2•3Al2O3 Glasses

Amrit P. Kafle, David McKeown, Winnie Wong-Ng, Meznh Alsubaie, Manar Alenezi, Ian L Pegg, Biprodas Dutta

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: Mixed glass former effect, Raman spectroscopy, Glass transition temperature, Electrical conductivity, Van der Pauw Four Probe method

Online: 23 May 2024 (12:33:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0366.v3

Influence of Temperature on the Global Spread of COVID-19

Indrani Roy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; temperature; solutions

Online: 21 June 2020 (16:19:26 CEST)

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This article investigated whether the atmospheric temperature had any role in the spread and vulnerability to COVID-19 worldwide and how that knowledge can be utilized to contain the fast-spreading disease. It highlighted that temperature was an important factor in transmitting the virus, and a moderately cool environment was the most favourable state for its susceptibility. In fact, the risk from the virus is reduced significantly in high temperature environment. Warm countries and places were likely to be less vulnerable. We identified various degrees of vulnerability based on temperature and specified countries for March and April. The maximum reported case, as well as death, was noted when the temperature was in the range of around 275°K (2°C) to 290°K (17°C). Countries like the USA, UK, Italy and Spain belonged to this category. The vulnerability was moderate when the temperature was less than around 275°K (2°C) and countries in that category were Russia, parts of Canada and few Scandinavian countries. For temperature 300°K (27°C) and above, a significantly lesser degree of vulnerability was noted. Countries from SAARC, South East Asia, the African continent and Australia fell in that category. In fact, when the temperature was more than 305°K (32°C), there was a unusually low number of reported cases and deaths. For warm countries, further analyses on the degree of vulnerability were conducted for the group of countries from SAARC and South East Asia and individual countries were compared. We also showed countries can switch from one vulnerability state to another based on the variability of temperature. We provided maps of temperature to identify countries of different vulnerability states in different months of the year. That influence of temperature on the virus and previous results of clinical trials with similar viruses gave us a useful insight that regulating the level of temperature can provide remarkable results to arrest and stop the outbreak. Based on that knowledge, some urgent solutions are proposed, which are practically without side effects and very cost-effective too.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0129.v1

Urban Thermal Environment and Heat Island in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from Remote Sensing Data

Van Tran Thi, Bao Ha Duong Xuan, Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: emissivity; land cover; land surface temperature; surface urban heat island; thermal environment; mitigation

Online: 29 January 2017 (10:38:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0063.v2

Novel Formation of Ferrite in Ingot of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb Stainless Steel

Fei Han, Haicheng Yu, Jeffrey Dessau, Xianghai Chen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: ferrite formation; mushy zone temperature, liquidus and solidus temperature, ingot forming, 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel

Online: 24 August 2018 (05:10:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0178.v1

Bias Correction of Chinese Fengyun-3C Microwave Humidity and Temperature Sounder Measurements in Retrieval of Atmospheric Parameters

Qiurui He, Zhenzhan Wang, Jieying He

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: FY-3C/MWHTS; linear regression correction; neural networks correction; one-dimensional variational algorithm; atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles

Online: 19 August 2016 (09:22:31 CEST)

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The Microwave Humidity and Temperature sounder (MWHTS) on board the Fengyun (FY)-3C satellite measure the outgoing radiance form the Earth surface and atmospheric constituents. MWHTS makes measurements in the isolated oxygen absorption line near 118 GHz and the vicinity of strong water vapor line around 183 GHz, can provide fine vertical distribution structure of both atmospheric humidity and temperature. However, in order to obtain the accurate soundings of humidity and temperature by the physical retrieval method, bias between the observed radiance and those simulated by radiative transfer model from the background or first guess profiles must be correct. In this study, two bias correction methods are developed through the correlation analysis between MWHTS measurements and air mass identified by the first guess profiles of the physical inversion, one is the linear regression correction (LRC) and the other is neural networks correction (NNC), representing the linear and nonlinear nature between MWHTS measurements and air mass, respectively. Both correction methods have been applied to MWHTS observed brightness temperatures over the geographic area (180° W-180° E, 60° S-60° N). The corrected results are evaluated by the probability density function of the difference between corrected observations and simulated values and the root mean square error (RMSE) with respect to simulated observations. The numerical results show that the NNC method perform better, especially in MWHTS channels 1 and 7-9 whose peak weight function heights are close to the surface. In order to assess the effects of bias correction methods proposed in this study on the retrieval accuracy, a one-dimensional variational system was built and applied to the MWHTS uncorrected and corrected brightness temperatures to estimated atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles, The retrieval results show that the NNC has better performance which is to be expected. An indication of the stability and robustness of NNC method is given which suggests that the NNC method has promising application perspectives in the physical retrieval.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0046.v1

Analysis Of The Temperature Changes In The AburrÁ Valley Between 1995 And 2015 And Modeling Based On Urban, Meteorological And Energetic Parameters

Enrique Posada, Andrea Cadavid

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Model; Temperature; Urban; Warming

Online: 5 February 2018 (16:34:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0072.v1

Analysis of the Temperature Changes in the Aburrá Valley Between 1995 and 2015 and Modeling Based on Urban, Meteorological and Energetic Parameters

Enrique Posada , Andrea Cadavid

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: model; temperature; urban; warming

Online: 12 December 2017 (07:18:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1022.v1

Analyzing Thermal Environment Contribution and Driving Factors of Lst Heterogeneity Based on Urban Different Development Zones

Zhang Youshui, Carlos Alberto Silva, Chen Mengdi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Land surface temperature; Linear spectral unmixing; Percent impervious surface area; Fractional vegetation cover; Thermal contribution; Geodetector

Online: 14 June 2024 (11:47:29 CEST)

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Analyzing the impacts of urban landscape patterns on the thermal environment has become one of the key research areas in addressing urban heat islands (UHI) and improving the living environment. A case study was carried out in Fuzhou, Fujian Province of China, to quantify the spatial patterns of urban landscape and land surface temperature (LST) in different development areas. The contribution of the thermal environment and the factors influencing the heterogeneity of LST were analyzed and discussed. In this study, bi-temporal Landsat imagery was selected to calculate LST, percent impervious surface area (ISA), and fractional vegetation cover (FVC). The urban area was further divided into three concentric urban zones, ranging from the city center to the urban periphery, based on urban development densities. The spatial pattern of LST and its variance were analyzed and compared between different zones and different dates. The thermal environment contribution of different zones was also quantified to indicate the change in urban landscape pattern resulting from urban expansion in different zones. Furthermore, Geodetector was used to explore the single factors and interaction factors controlling the spatial patterns of LST in each zone. The results showed that (ⅰ) Urban expansion primarily increased in zone 2 and zone 3, and the areal proportion of high and sub-high LST areas increased from 56.11% and 21.08% to 62.03% and 32.49% in zone 2 and zone 3, respectively, from 2004 to 2021; (ⅱ) The heat effect contribution of zones 2 and 3 reached from 75.16% in 2004 to 89.40% in 2021, indicating that the increase of ISA with >LSTmean was more pronounced in zone 3 and zone 2 during the period; (ⅲ) The driving factors of LST spatial distribution were regionally different because of the different landscape patterns, and the explanatory power for the heterogeneity of LST in zone 1 was weaker than that in zone 2 and zone 3 in the study area; (ⅳ) The interaction of different factors had a higher explanatory power on the spatial distribution of LST than a single factor in each zone because the distributions of land cover types are heterogeneous in urban area. The results of the study can be used to improve urban planning for urban ecology and UHI mitigation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0580.v1

Optimization of a H₂ Liquefaction Pre-Cooling Process & Estimate of Liquefaction Performance with Varying Ambient Temperature

Steven Jackson, Eivind Brodal

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: hydrogen; liquefaction; optimization; ambient temperature

Online: 31 August 2021 (16:00:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1112.v1

Effect of Sex, Age and Temperature on the Functional Response of Macrolophus pygmaeus Ramber and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae), on Eggs of Tuta absoluta

Eleni Yiacoumi, Nikos A. Kouloussis, Dimitrios S. Koveos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: M. pygmaeus; N. tenuis; Miridae; T.absoluta; functional response; tomato; sex; adult age; temperature; predator

Online: 17 April 2024 (11:57:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0277.v1

Upconversion Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescent Film for Distributed Temperature Monitoring of Mobile Phone Integrated Chips

Hanyang Li, Miao Yu, Jichun Dai, Gaoqian Zhou, Jiapeng Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: upconversion nanomaterials; ratiometric thermometry; Temperature sensing; Polymer composite film; Integrated chip temperature measurement

Online: 5 May 2023 (02:43:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1417.v1

Rehabilitated Coal Mine Tailings as Green Cooling Islands in the Metropolitan Ruhr Area (Germany)

Britta Stumpe, Bernd Marschner

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: coal mine tailings; urban green spaces; urban heat island; mitigation; cooling islands; land surface temperature; vegetation indices; Landsat 8

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:41:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1092.v1

Determination of Local Heat Transfer Coefficients and Friction Factors at Variable Temperature and Velocity Boundary Conditions for Complex Flows

Christopher Hartmann, Jens von Wolfersdorf

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: conjugate heat-transfer; adiabatic wall temperature; equilibrium turbulent boundary layer; Reynolds analogy; wall shear stresses; pressure gradient effects

Online: 14 August 2024 (16:58:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0125.v1

Equivalent Circulation Density Analysis of Geothermal Well by Coupling Temperature

Xiuhua Zheng, Chenyang Duan, Zheng Yan, Hongyu Ye, Zhiqing Wang, Bairu Xia

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: wellbore pressure analysis; equivalent circulating density; geothermal well; wellbore temperature distribution; mathematical modeling

Online: 27 January 2017 (03:10:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1828.v1

Enhancing Early Detection of Sepsis in Neonates through Multimodal Biosignal Integration: A Study of Pulse Oximetry, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), and Skin Temperature Monitoring

Nicoleta Lungu, Daniela-Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Mihaela Zaharie, Mihai-Andrei Jura, Ioana Roșca, Mărioara Boia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal sepsis; biosignals; early detection; preterm newborn; pulse oximetry; NIRS; skin temperature; non-invasive monitoring; devices; health monitoring

Online: 28 May 2024 (11:26:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0173.v2

The Blackbody CMB Temperature, Luminosity, and Their Relation to Black Hole Cosmology, Compared to Bekenstein-Hawking Luminosity

Espen Haug, Stephane Wojnow

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: CMB temperature luminosity; black hole luminosity; Hawking temperature

Online: 5 January 2024 (07:00:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2149.v1

Improved Thermal Stability under High Power Conversion Efficiency Condition in Inverted Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Three Different Electron Transport Layers

Mohamed El Amine Boudia, Qiuwang Wang, Cunlu Zhao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: Organic solar cells; Ternary structures; Operating temperature; Electron transport layer; Power conversion efficiency

Online: 26 July 2024 (12:43:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1584.v1

Assessing the Impact of a Shallow Geothermal Systems Operation through Multi-Layer Temperature Monitoring under South European Climate

Kamar Aljundi, Ana Vieira, José Lapa, António Figueiredo, Rafaela Cardoso

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Ground temperature distribution; Geothermal energy; Renewable sources; In-depth temperature acquisition; Mediterranean climate

Online: 23 August 2023 (07:49:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0029.v1

An Optimized Energy Management Strategy for Preheating Vehicle-Mounted Li-Ion Batteries at Subzero Temperatures

Tao Zhu, Haitao Min, Yuanbin Yu, Zhongmin Zhao, Tao Xu, Yang Chen, Xinyong Li

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: electric vehicle; battery heat generation; battery degradation; vehicle operation cost; preheating target temperature; heating system

Online: 6 December 2016 (07:46:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0872.v1

Life Cycle Assessment of Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil Treated by Low-Temperature Thermal Desorption and Its Beneficial Reuse for Soil Amendment

Young Ho Song, Geon Yong Kim, Da Yeon Kim, Yong Woo Hwang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Crude Oil-contaminated Soil; Soil Remediation; Low-temperature Thermal Desorption (LTTD); Soil Amendment; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Online: 11 September 2024 (07:32:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1081.v1

Assessment of Climate Change in Angola and Potential Impacts on Agriculture

Carlos D.N Correia, Malik Amraoui, João A Santos

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: climate projections; agroclimatic indicators; temperature; precipitation; weather and climate extremes; Angola

Online: 14 October 2024 (14:24:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0055.v1

Room-Temperature Entanglement of the Nickel-Radical Molecular Complex (Et3NH)[Ni(hfac)2L] Reinforced by the Magnetic Field

Jozef Strečka, Elham Shahhosseini Shahrabadi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Molecular magnetic material; nickel-radical molecular complex; mixed spin-(1/2, 1) Heisenberg dimer; molecular qubit; room-temperature entanglement

Online: 1 March 2024 (18:22:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0417.v1

Thermal Response in Two Models of Socks with Different 3-D Weave Separations

Raquel Sánchez-Rodríguez, Beatriz Gómez-Martín, Elena Escamilla-Martínez, Juan Francisco Morán-Cortés, Alfonso Martínez-Nova

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Sock; infrared thermography; temperature; comfort

Online: 27 October 2022 (02:13:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0456.v1

Effects of Some Weather Parameters on Oil Palm Production in the Peninsular Malaysia

Abubakar Ahmed, Mohd Yusoff Ishak, Mohd Kamal Uddin, Mohd Yusoff Abd Samad, Suleiman Mukhtar, Samir Shehu Danhassan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Rainfall; Temperature; oil palm; Malaysia

Online: 17 June 2021 (10:17:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0073.v2

A Physically-Constrained Calibration Database for Land Surface Temperature Using Infrared Retrieval Algorithms

João P. A. Martins, Isabel F. Trigo, Virgílio A. Bento, Carlos da Camara

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: land surface temperature; thermal infrared; calibration; generalized split-window; mono-window; database; radiative transfer

Online: 16 September 2016 (13:12:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1918.v1

Stable Microclimates and Autonomic Modulation in Horses Sin-Gle-Stall Housed in Different Stable Architectures During Mon-Soon in a Tropical Savannah Environment

Chanoknun Poochipakorn, Kanokpan Sanigavatee, Kansuda Leelehapongsathon, Thita Wonghanchao, Metha Chanda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Air velocity; Humidity; Interior environment; Monsoon; Noxious gases; Single-stall housing; Stress responses; Temperature; Tropical savannah climate; Welfare

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:06:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0363.v1

Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Nanoscale Thermometry in Biology

Anna Ermakova

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: fluorescent nanodiamonds; color center; nanoscale thermometry; temperature mapping; biological applications; living cells.

Online: 6 March 2024 (12:23:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1837.v1

Fatigue Performance Analysis of an Underwater Vehicle Rud-der Mechanism Considering Arctic Low Temperatures

Li Yu, Wenyong Guo, Han tao Chen, Zhe Wu, Cheng hao Cao, Xiao feng Li, Si yu Chen

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: arctic; low temperature; rudder; fatigue

Online: 26 December 2023 (02:58:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1890.v1

Thermal Stress and Suitability for Aquatic Species in the San Francisco Estuary

Catarina Pien, Rosemary Hartman, Eva Bush, Peggy Lehman, Brittany Davis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: water temperature; estuary; thermal stress; habitat suitability; climate change; refugia; Sacramento-San Joaquin delta; long-term monitoring; fish

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:08:25 CEST)

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Increases in water temperature caused by climate change will challenge water and species management in the San Francisco Estuary. Our goals were to describe spatial and seasonal patterns in water temperature across the upper Estuary, and evaluate how temperature stress and suitability vary across the aquatic ecosystem. We synthesized 10 years of continuous water temperature data at 75 stations across six regions of the Estuary between 2010 and 2019. We identified stressful temperature thresholds for species of interest using published physiological limits and observed distribution, including ESA-listed native (e.g., osmerids, salmonids), non-ESA-listed native (e.g., cyprinids), non-native (e.g., centrarchids, bivalves), and nuisance species such as invasive aquatic vegetation, and harmful cyanobacteria. We then quantified thermal stress across varying spatial and temporal scales and metrics. Analyses indicated there were detectable regional temperature differences, and that Suisun Bay was the only region to provide regular thermal refuge during the warmer parts of the year, though portions of the Confluence and Suisun Marsh also provided potential thermal refuge during summer/fall and during cooler parts of the day. Meanwhile, the Central and South Delta experienced the warmest temperatures, exceeding thresholds for listed species throughout summer and early fall. We found that listed species such as juvenile salmonids and osmerids experience more thermal stress across a number of metrics. Fishes with higher heat tolerance (including non-natives and select natives), aquatic vegetation, and Microcystis (a harmful cyanobacteria) had the lowest average number of thermal stress days. This study demonstrates that the Estuary is already exhibiting stressful conditions for species of concern, and thermal stress will only increase with climate change. We identify at what times of year and where the Estuary may provide refuge from thermal stress conditions which has important implications for restoration prioritization and design and species management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0394.v1

Direct Measurement of Temperature Diffusivity of Nanocellulose Composite Films

Hiroki Fujisawa, Meguya Ryu, Stefan Lundgaard, Denver Linklater, Elena Ivanova, Yoshiaki Nishijima, Saulius Juodkazis, Junko Morikawa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: thermal properties; temperature diffusivity; nano cellulose

Online: 17 July 2020 (15:36:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0285.v1

Variation in Responses of Photosynthesis and Apparent Rubisco Kinetics to Temperature in Three Soybean Cultivars

James Bunce

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: photosynthesis; rubisco; temperature; acclimation; soybean

Online: 25 September 2019 (11:45:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0875.v1

Structural Evolution of the Pharmaceutical Peptide Octreotide upon Controlled Relative Humidity and Temperature Variation

Maria Athanasiadou, Christina Papaefthymiou, Angelos Kontarinis, Maria Spiliopoulou, Dimitrios Koutoulas, Marios Konstantopoulos, Stamatina Kafetzi, Kleomenis Barlos, Kostas K. Barlos, Natalia Dadivanyan, Detlef Beckers, Thomas Degen, Andrew N. Fitch, Irene Margiolaki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: humidity variation; temperature variation; X-ray crystallography; peptides; polymorphism; octreotide; drug stability; in situ X-ray powder diffraction

Online: 15 April 2024 (11:34:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0140.v1

A Facile Fabrication of CdSe/ZnS QDs -Block Copolymer Brushes Modified Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid with Temperature-Responsive Behavior

Yajiao Song, Hongcui Yu, Xiaohui Wang, Jinglin Liu, Jinghai Liu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: graphene oxide; nanohybrid; temperature-responsive

Online: 15 April 2022 (08:48:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0136.v2

Low Temperature and Low UV Indexes Correlated with Peaks of Influenza Virus Activity in Northern Europe during 2010-2018

Aleksandr Ianevski, Eva Zusinaite, Nastassia Shtaida, Hannumari Kallio-Kokko, Miia Valkonen, Anu Kantele, Kaidi Telling, Irja Lutsar, Pille Letjuka, Natalja Metelitsa, Valentyn Oksenych, Uga Dumpis, Astra Vitkauskiene, Kestutis Stašaitis, Christina Öhrmalm, Kåre Bondeson, Anders Bergqvist, Rebecca Cox, Tanel Tenson, Andres Merits, Denis Kainov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: influenza, epidemics, weather, temperature, UV

Online: 18 January 2019 (12:42:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1705.v1

Seasonal Divergence in the Weakening Relationship between Interannual Temperature Changes and Northern Boreal Vegetation Activity

Haijiang Zhao, Ning Jin, Xiurong Wang, Guiqin Fu, Kunlun Xiang, Jie Zhao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Temperature factors; Vegetation activity; Diurnal temperature range; Boreal forest; Climate change

Online: 24 May 2023 (05:43:06 CEST)

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The response of boreal vegetation to global warming has shown a weakening trend over the last three decades. However, in previous studies, models of vegetation activity responses to temperature change have often only considered changes in mean daily temperature (Tmean), with the diurnal temperature range (DTR) being neglected. The goal of this study is to evaluate the temporal trends of the relationships between two temperature factors (Tmean and DTR) and vegetation activity across the boreal regions on both annual and seasonal timescales, by simultaneously employing satellite and climate datasets. We found that the interannual partial correlation between growing season (GS) NDVI and Tmean (RNDVI−Tmean) showed a significant decreasing trend over the last 34 years. At the seasonal scale, RNDVI−Tmean shows a significant upward trend in the spring, while in the summer and autumn, RNDVI−Tmean exhibits a significant downward trend. The temporal trend characteristics of the partial correlation between NDVI and DTR (RNDVI−DTR), at both the GS and seasonal scales, are fully consistent with RNDVI−Tmean. The area with a significant decrease in GS RNDVI−Tmean and RNDVI−DTR accounted for approximately 44.40% and 41.21% of the boreal region with the 17-year moving window, respectively. In stark contrast, the area exhibiting a significant increasing trend in GS RNDVI−Tmean and RNDVI−DTR accounted for only approximately 14.65% and 13.59% of the boreal region with the 17-year moving window, respectively. With respect to the seasonal patterns of RNDVI−Tmean and RNDVI−DTR, the area with a significant upward trend in spring was greater than that with a significant downward trend. Nevertheless, more areas had a significant downward trend of RNDVI−Tmean and RNDVI−DTR in summer and autumn than had a significant upward trend. Overall, our research reveals a weakening trend in the impact of temperature on vegetation activity in the boreal regions, and contributes to a deeper understanding of the vegetation response to global warming.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0421.v1

Solving the Hubble Tension Using the Union2 Supernova Database

Espen Haug, Eugene Tatum

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension; Hubble constant; Cosmological red-shift; z; CMB temperature.

Online: 5 April 2024 (08:40:56 CEST)

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