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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2547.v1

IL-10 and TGF-β, but Not IL-17A or IFN-G, Potentiate the IL-15-Induced Expansion of Human T Cells: Association with the Expression of β2m-Free HLA Class I Molecules.

Leila H. Duarte, Hugo A. Peixoto, Elsa M Cardoso, André J Esgalhado, Fernando A. Arosa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cytokines; CD8+ T Cells; Proliferation; HLA class I molecules; Open conformers; W6/32; HC-10

Online: 2 August 2024 (09:35:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0963.v1

Aedes Mosquito Virome in Southwestern Cameroon: Lack of Core Virome, but a Very Rich and Diverse Virome in Ae. Africanus Compared to Other Aedes Species

Karelle Celes Mbigha Donfack, Lander De Coninck, Stephen Mbigha Ghogomu, Jelle Matthijnssens

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Aedes mosquitoes; Ae. africanus; Ae. albopictus; metagenomics; core virome; eukaryotic virome

Online: 14 June 2024 (11:25:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0969.v1

The Virtual Reality (VR) Based Methodology Examining the Efficacy of Cognitive‐Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Interventions. The Significance for Adolescent Scoliosis Females’ Body Image and Mental Health Before and Following Spinal Fusion

Ewa Misterska, Marek Tomaszewski, Filip Górski, Jakub Gapsa, Anna Słysz, Maciej Głowacki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; XR (extended reality); virtual mirror; cognitive-behavioral therapy; body image; mental health

Online: 14 May 2024 (14:52:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0269.v3

A Theory of Reasoned Action-Based Study Predicting Factors of Chronic back pain sufferers’ Physical Activity Behavior to Exercise

Mohammad Hossein Delshad, Alireza Hidarnia, Fatemeh Pourhaji

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: reasoned action; behavior; models; self-care

Online: 30 April 2024 (07:16:12 CEST)

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Background: Low-level physical activity (PA) among Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) is associated with various biopsychosocial factors. This research aimed to study the predictors of PA behavior among cLBP patients. Methods: In the present study 300 eligible patients with cLBP who referred to comprehensive health service centers in the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Tehran, Iran were random selected.To diagnose the predictors of PA behavior, all the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) constructs were examined as risk factors to see if they influence on the probability of PA behavior occurrence and were interpreted through odds ratio (OR). SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. Results: Totally 280 cLBP patients with mean age of 57.07 ±13.09 years old participated in the study. This study showed that motivation to comply significant predictor the cLBP patients for subjective norm OR (%95CI): 2.095(0.116-2.792), p-value<0.001), intention was significant predictor for perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.431(0.138-1.538), p-value <0.001), behavior beliefs could predictor for attitude OR (%95CI): 1.276(0.106-1.355), p-value= 0.002). attitude, normative beliefs, subjective norm ,and evaluation outcome behavior could predictors the cLBP patients for intention to perform the PA behavior OR (%95CI): 1.188(0.032-1.312), p-value<0.001)., OR (%95CI): 1.158(0.076-2.208), p-value=0.003) ., OR (%95CI): 1.104(0.076-1.128), p-value<0.001) ., OR (%95CI): 0.814(0.301-1.440), p-value=0.007). Conclusions: This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm). This study showed that the cLBP patients who were normative beliefs and evaluation regarding PA behavior could effect on the intention to engage in greater PA than those via other constructs (attitude and subjective norm).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0683.v1

Gamifying Cultural Heritage: The Digitization Journey of Genoa University Museum System (SMA-UniGe)

Lara La Tessa, Stefano Schiaparelli, Mauro Coccoli, Saverio Iacono, Gianni Vercelli, Daniele Zolezzi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Other Keywords: Digital Heritage; Gamification; User Experience

Online: 10 April 2024 (09:40:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1746.v1

The Development of an Oral Health Nursing Tool in Patients with a Psychotic Disorder: A Human-Centered Design with a Feasibility Test

Sonja Kuipers, Stynke Castelein, Linda Kronenberg, Job van ’t Veer, Nynke Boonstra

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: oral health; nursing; mental health; psychotic disorder; human-centered design

Online: 28 March 2024 (15:37:34 CET)

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Patients with a psychotic disorder frequently report oral health problems, while mental health nurses (MHNs) seem not to be fully aware of these problems and the risk factors. Therefore, this study aims to develop supportive tools for MHNs regarding oral health to increase sensitization among MHNs and to provide MHNs with knowledge to recognize (potential) oral health problems in patients with a psychotic disorder. We used a human-centered design in which the user, MHNs as well as experts by experience, were placed in the centre of the research process. Problems and needs in MHNs working with patients with a psychotic disorder were addressed. To identify key issues of problem as well as the needs in terms of resources, we started with focus groups (n = 9). We analysed the data thematically based on context of patients and MHNs in practice regarding oral health, preferred oral health tools focused on MHN, and intended outcomes of tools. A Multi Criteria Decision Matrix was developed and analysed (n = 9) to identify the most optimal and viable solution based on established criteria and issues that are prevalent in the work of MHNs. Most promising result was the development of a brochure with an awareness screener. The brochure with awareness screener was developed as a low-fidelity prototype for MHNs regarding oral health in patients with a psychotic disorder, based on the latest scientific evidence. After testing it, the feasibility was tested through semi-structured interviews (n=19). MHNs and experts by experience were satisfied with the tool and provided recommendations for adjustments to the content. Significant augmentations to the brochure include a clinical lesson and a toothbrush with toothpaste for patients. We can conclude that a brochure with an awareness screener is feasible for MHNs. Future steps aiming to further refine and optimize care processes for oral health tools in MHNs, should take refining eligibility criteria for psychiatric populations and the language level of the target group of a tool into account.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1574.v1

Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantations in ALS Patients by Investigating Patient's Specific Immunological and Biochemical Biomarkers: A Retrospective study.

Zahraa Alkhazaali, Sajad Sahab-Negah, Amir Reza Boroumand, Najmeh Kaffash, Mohammad Ali Khodadoust, Jalil Tavakol Afshari

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: ALS; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; GDNF; Creatine kinase; ferritin; BM-MSC.

Online: 26 March 2024 (09:15:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1408.v1

ProAKAP4 as Indicator of Post-thaw Motility in Stallion

Marta DORDAS-PERPINYÀ, Ivan Yanez-Ortiz, Nicolas Sergeant, Vincent Mevel, Jaime Catalán Bahamondes, Jean François Bruyas, JORDI MIRO, Lamia Briand-Amirat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ProAKAP4, AKAP4, stallion, spermatozoa, motility, mitochondrial activity.

Online: 25 March 2024 (07:54:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0094.v1

Theranostics in Nuclear Medicine Practice

Anna Yordanova, Elisabeth Eppard, Stefan Kürpig, Stefan Schönberger, Maria Gonzalez-Carmona, Georg Feldmann, Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar, Markus Essler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: theranostics; nuclear medicine; personalized medicine

Online: 22 January 2017 (04:29:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2126.v1

Impact of Operating Table Height on the Difficulty of Mask Ventilation and Laryngoscopic View

Tsuyoshi Ikeda, Hirotsugu Miyoshi, Guo-Qiang Xia, Kenshiro Kido, Ayako Sumii, Tomoyuki Watanabe, Satoshi Kamiya, Soshi Narasaki, Takahiro Kato, Yasuo M Tsutsumi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: airway management; mask ventilation; laryngoscopic view; operating table height

Online: 29 August 2024 (09:15:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0291.v1

Factors Enhancing Serum Syndecan-1 Concentrations: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Medical Examination

Kazumasa Oda, Hideshi Okada, Akio Suzuki, Hiroyuki Tomita, Ryo Kabayashi, Kazuyuki Sumi, Kodai Suzuki, Chihiro Takada, Takuma Ishihara, Keiko Suzuki, Soichiro Kano, Kohei Kondo, Yuki Iwashita, Hirohisa Yano, Ryogen Zaikokuji, So Sampei, Tetsuya Fukuta, Yuichiro Kitagawa, Haruka Okamoto, Takatomo Watanabe, Tomonori Kawaguchi, Takao Kojima, Fumiko Deguchi, Nagisa Miyazaki, Noriaki Yamada, Tomoaki Doi, Takahiro Yoshida, Hiroaki Ushikoshi, Shozo Yoshida, Genzou Takemura, Shinji Ogura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: endothelial disorders; glycocalyx injury; syndecan-1; nonlinear regression

Online: 28 June 2019 (07:42:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1226.v1

Persistent Levels of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Antibody Measured by an In-house ELISA in a Convalescent Latin Population Positively Correlate with the Neutralizing Percentages to Several Variants of Concern

Ana M Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodriguez, Paola Cardona, Carlimar Ocasio-Malavé, Laura Alvarez, Carlos A Sariol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; IgM; indirect-ELISA; neutralizing antibody; Latin; Puerto Rico

Online: 19 August 2024 (04:31:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1242.v1

Stability, Mounting, and Measurement Considerations for a 20W and 25% Power Added Efficiency 2-10 GHz High-Power Amplifier for Multifunction RF Systems Manufactured in Leonardo’s GaN pHEMT 0.25 um Technology

J.Luis Jimenez-Martin, Vicente Gonzalez-Posadas, Alvaro Prieto-Poyatos, Alfonso Ferreras-Estrada, Eduardo Oreja-Gigorro, Javier Montero-de-Paz, Juanjo Sanchez-Martınez

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: MMIC, broadband amplifier, GaN, PAE , HPA, stability analysis

Online: 18 June 2024 (13:32:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2168.v1

Alterations in the amyloid protein precursor, α-secretase, β-secretase, presenilins and tau protein Genes in the CA3 Area of the Hippocampus in a 2-Year Ischemic Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Stanisław Czuczwar, Janusz Kocki, Barbara Miziak, Jacek Bogucki, Anna Bogucka-Kocka, Ryszard Pluta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: brain ischemia; Alzheimer’s disease; CA3 area; amyloid protein precursor; amyloid; α-secretase; β-secretase; presenilin 1 and 2; tau protein; genes

Online: 30 September 2023 (08:01:45 CEST)

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Understanding the phenomena underlying the non-selective susceptibility to ischemia of py-ramidal neurons in the CA3 area of the hippocampus is important from the point of view of elu-cidating the mechanisms of memory loss and the development of post-ischemic dementia. We used an ischemic model of Alzheimer's disease to study changes in amyloid protein precursor gene expression, its cleavage enzymes and tau protein in the CA3 area of the hippocampus af-ter a 10-minute brain ischemia with 12, 18, and 24-month survival. Quantitative reverse tran-scriptase PCR assay showed that the expression of all the genes that contribute to amyloid pro-duction was dysregulated within 2 years in the CA3 area of the hippocampus after ischemia. The expression of the amyloid protein precursor gene was above the control values at all times of the study. The expression of the α-secretase gene also exceeded the control values throughout the study. In contrast, the expression of the β-secretase gene reaching its maximum increase 12 months after ischemia, was below control values after 18 months and again above control values after 24 months of survival. Presenilin 1 and 2 gene expression was significantly elevated throughout the follow-up period, with peak expression of both genes occurring 12 months after ischemia. This suggests that the genes studied are involved in the non-amyloidogenic processing of amyloid protein precursor. Also, tau protein gene expression was significantly elevated throughout the observation period, and peak gene expression was present 12 months after is-chemia. Data indicate that an episode of brain ischemia with long-term survival causes damage and death of pyramidal neurons in the CA3 area of the hippocampus in a manner dependent on modified tau protein. Thus defining a new and important mechanism of pyramidal neuronal death in the CA3 area after ischemia. In addition tau protein gene modification after brain is-chemia is useful in identifying ischemic mechanisms occurring in Alzheimer's disease.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1207.v1

Specialty Care and Counselling about Hereditary Cancer Risk Improves Adherence to Cancer Screening and Prevention in Newfoundland and Labrador Patients with BRCA1/2 Pathogenic Variants: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Aimee Roebathan, Kerri Smith, Melanie Seal, Holly Etchegary, Lesa Dawson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: BRCA; breast cancer ovarian cancer; screening prevention; health policy genetics

Online: 19 September 2023 (03:15:09 CEST)

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BRCA1 and 2 pathogenic variants increase lifetime risks of breast (50-75%) and ovarian cancer (15-20%). Guidelines recommend breast screening (MRI and mammogram) or risk-reducing mastectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. We sought to 1) characterize the population of BRCA1/2 carriers in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) 2) evaluate risk-reducing interventions 3) identify factors influencing screening and prevention adherence. Methods: This is a retrospective study from a population-based provincial cohort of BRCA1/2 carriers. Eligibility criteria for risk-reducing interventions were defined for each case and patients were categorized based on their level of adherence with recommended screening or prevention. Chi-squared and regression analyses were used to determine which factors influenced uptake and level of adherence. Results: 276 BRCA1/2 carriers were identified; 156 living NL females composed the study population. Unaffected females were younger at testing than those with a cancer diagnosis (44.4 y versus 51.7 y; p=0.002). Categorized by eligibility, 61.0%, 61.6%, 39.0% and 75.7% of patients underwent MRI, mammogram, risk-reducing mastectomy, and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, respectively. Individuals with breast cancer were more likely to have risk-reducing mastectomy (64.7% versus 35.3%; p<0.001), and those who attended specialty hereditary cancer clinic were more likely to be adherent with breast/ovarian cancer recommendations (73.2% versus 13.4%; p<0.001) and to undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy(84.1% versus 15.9%; p<0.001). Conclusions: Nearly 40% of female BRCA1/2 carriers were not receiving breast surveillance according to evidence-based recommendations. Cancer risk reduction and uptake of breast imaging and prophylactic breast and pelvic surgeries are significantly higher in patients who receive dedicated specialty care. Organized hereditary cancer prevention programs will be a valuable component of Canadian health care systems and have the potential to reduce the burden of disease country-wide.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0563.v1

Sex, Age, and Risk Groups Variations among Individuals Infected with HIV, HTLV-1, and HTLV-2: Review of Data Records (1983–2017) from a Public Health Laboratory in São Paulo, Brazil

Adele Caterino-de-Araujo

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV; HTLV-1; HTLV-2; sex; risk factors; prevalence; co-infection; public policies

Online: 8 September 2023 (09:39:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0014.v1

Long COVID Prevalence and the Impact of the Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Dose: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Third Follow-Up of the Borriana Cohort, Valencia, Spain (2020-2022)

Salvador Domènech-Montoliu, Joan Puig-Barberá, Gemma Badenes-Marques, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez, Maria Rosario Pac-Sa, Oscar Pérez-Olaso, Diego Sala-Trull, Manuel Sanchez-Urbano, Alberto Arnedo-Pena

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Long COVID; SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination; Booster Dose; Cellular Immunity; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Human.

Online: 1 September 2023 (11:54:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0071.v1

Single-Dose Intranasal Immunisation with Novel Chimeric H1N1 Expressing the Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Induces Robust Mucosal Immunity, Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells, and Heterologous Protection in Mice

Donghong Wang, Yao Deng, Jianfang Zhou, Wen Wang, Baoying Huang, Wenling Wang, Lan Wei, Jiao Ren, Ruiwen Han, Jialuo Bing, Chengcheng Zhai, Xiaoyan Guo, Wenjie Tan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; Influenza virus; Heterologous protection; Recombinant vaccine; T cell immunity

Online: 2 August 2023 (02:11:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0990.v1

The copper(II)-Thiodiacetate (Tda) Chelate As Efficient Receptor of N9-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenine (9heade). Synthesis, Molecular and Crystal Structures, Physical Properties and Dft Calculations of [Cu(tda)(9heade)(H2O)]·2H2O

Carmen Rosales-Martínez, Antonio Matilla-Hernández, Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte, Antonio Frontera, Alfonso Castiñeiras, Juan Niclós-Gutiérrez

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: Copper(II); thiodiacetate chelate; synthetic adenine nucleoside; molecular and crystal structure; chelate-nucleoside recognition; water-mediated interligand interactions, physical properties; DFT calculations.

Online: 14 June 2023 (05:32:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0564.v1

Feeding Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma to Pigs Improves the Protection Afforded by The African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) BA71∆CD2 Vaccine Prototype Against Experimental Challenge with The Pandemic ASFV. Study 2.

Joan Pujols, Elena Blazquez, Joaquim Segalés, Fernando Rodríguez, Chia-Yu Chang, Jordi Argilaguet, Laia Bosch-Camós, Rosa Rosell, Lola Pailler, Boris Gavrilov, Joy Campbell, Javier Polo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: African swine fever; ASFV; spray-dried porcine plasma; vaccine; challenge; nutritional interven-tion

Online: 31 January 2023 (02:24:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0411.v1

Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern After Primary Immunization With CoronaVac and Booster With BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers

Watsamon Jantarabenjakul, Pimpayao Sodsai, Napaporn Chantasrisawad, Anusara Jitsatja, Sasiprapa Ninwattana, Nattakarn Thippamom, Vichaya Ruenjaiman, Chee Wah Tan, Rakchanok Pradit, Jiratchaya Sophonphan, Supaporn Wacharapluesadee, Lin-fa Wang, Thanyawee Puthanakit, Nattiya Hirankarn, Opass Putcharoen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccines; anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike total antibodies; Surrogate viral neutralizing antibody; T-cell immune response; CoronaVac; ChAdOx1; BNT162b2; booster

Online: 31 March 2022 (14:28:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0295.v1

Dissecting Molecular Determinants of Mutational Escape Mechanisms in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Complexes with Nanobodies: Atomistic Simulations and Ensemble-Based Deep Mutational Scanning of Protein Stability and Binding Interactions

Gennady Verkhivker, Steve Agajanian, Deniz Yasar Oztas, Grace Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein; ACE2 host receptor; nanobodies; molecular dynamics; mutational sensitivity; binding free energy; allosteric interactions; signal transmission

Online: 13 July 2021 (11:18:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0252.v1

Immunophenotyping of Circulating Leukocytes Reveal Non-specific Activation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems in Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome of Childhood Temporally Associated with SARS-Cov-2 Infection: Descriptive Cohort Study

Michael J. Carter, Matthew Fish, Aislinn Jennings, Katie J. Doores, Paul Wellman, Jeffrey Seow, Sam Acors, Emma Timms, Julia Kenny, Stuart Neil, Michael H. Malim, Shane M. Tibby, Manu Shankar-Hari

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: SARS-Co-V2; Paediatric hyperinflammation; MIS-C; PIMS-TS

Online: 12 July 2020 (12:09:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1727.v1

A New Perspective on Hydrogen Chloride Scavenging at High Temperatures for Reducing the Smoke Acidity of PVC in Fires. III: EN 60754–2 and the Species in Solution Affecting pH and Conductivity

Iacopo Bassi, Claudia Bandinelli, Francesca Delchiaro, Gianluca Sarti

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: acid scavengers, PVC, cables, smoke acidity, hydrogen chloride, EN 60754-1, EN 60754-2, EN 60754-3, ion chromatography, PVC cables.

Online: 29 February 2024 (12:59:19 CET)

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The combustion of PVC cables in fires results in the release of hydrogen chloride gas. In the European Union, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011, in force since 2017, requires the classification of cables permanently installed in buildings for reaction to fire, smoke, flaming droplets, and acidity. The additional classification for acidity is evaluated through EN 60754-2, involving pH and conductivity measurements. This study focuses on the essential research and development of low-smoke acidity PVC compounds for cables, mainly aiming to meet the stringent additional classifications for acidity, a1 or a2, which cannot be achieved with traditional PVC cables. Understanding the chemistry of thermal decomposition and combustion, especially in the presence of hydrogen chloride scavengers, is crucial for meeting the best acidity classification. The article reviews the current tube furnace tests used in the European Union for cable halogen and acidity assessments. It discusses the limitations of the existing method (EN 60754-2) and highlights the potential of emerging tests such as IEC EN 60754-3, which employs ion chromatography for improved sensitivity and specificity. In the experimental part of the article, various standard and low-smoke acidity cable compounds are tested using tube furnace experiments with different heating regimes. The concentrations of cations and anions in solution are measured through ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. This detailed analysis aims to identify the species influencing pH and conductivity, which is crucial for designing effective acid scavengers that do not impact conductivity. The conclusive results emphasize that HCl from PVC thermal decomposition is the primary driver of pH and conductivity, and the contribution from the decomposition of additives and byproducts from combustion is found to be negligible in most of the tested PVC compounds for cables. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the thermal decomposition of PVC compounds to design acid scavengers capable of trapping hydrogen chloride without adversely impacting conductivity.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1372.v1

First Sero-Epidemiological Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 among Students and Staff of Polytechnic High School a Community of Cheikh Anta Diop University after the Fourth Wave of COVID-19 in Senegal

Fatou THIAM, Abou Abdallah Malick Diouara, Clemence Stephanie Chloe Anoumba NDIAYE, Ibrahima DIOUF, Khadim KEBE, Assane SENGHOR, Djibaba DJOUMOI, Mame Ndew MBAYE, Idy DIOP, Sarbanding SANE, Seynabou COUNDOUL, Sophie Deli Tene, Mamadou DIOP, Abdou Lahat Dieng, Mamadou NDIAYE, Massamba DIOUF, Saïdou Moustapha Sall, Cheikh Momar NGUER

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; sero-epidemiological survey; Polytechnic High School; Senegal

Online: 24 November 2023 (04:12:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0093.v1

Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: at the Heart of The Problem. Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, Sars-Cov-2 Affection and Gender in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio, Angela Ciamei, Antonio Vinci, Tiziana Ciarambino, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Silvia Zito, Simona Sanguedolce, Marianna Rainone, Jacopo Di Lorenzo, Fabio Vinci, Giulia Laurelli, Claudia Di Iorio, Roberto Corsi, Serafino Ricci, Alessandra Di Berardino, Matteo Ruggeri, Francesco Rosiello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Polypharmacy management, COVID -19, Gender medicine, economic perspective

Online: 7 September 2022 (02:29:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0577.v1

Atherosclerotic Plaque Fissuration and Clinical Outcomes in Pre-Diabetics vs. Normoglycemics Patients Affected by Asymptomatic Significant Carotid Artery Stenosis at 2 Years of Follow-Up: Role of MIcRoRNAs Modulation. The ATIMIR Study

Celestino Sardu, Piero Modugno, Gaetano Castellano, Lucia Scisciola, Michelangela Barbieri, Lella Petrella, Mara Fanelli, Gabriella Macchia, Eugenio Caradonna, Massimo Massetti, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: carotid atherosclerosis; pre-diabetes mellitus; microRNAs; inflammation; metformin therapy

Online: 25 February 2021 (11:43:02 CET)

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE—Atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) is a leading cause of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). This could be mainly evidenced in patients with pre-diabetes. Indeed, the altered glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance could cause over-inflammation of atherosclerotic plaque, favoring its conversion to unstable phenotype with rupture and MACE. Notably, the metformin therapy reducing the metabolic distress and the inflammatory burden, could lead to reduction of MACE in ACAS patients with pre-diabetes. In this setting, microRNAs (miRs) could be used as molecular biomarkers of atherosclerosis progression, plaque rupture and worse prognosis in normoglycemics (NG) vs. pre-diabetics metformin users (PDMU) vs. pre-diabetics non metformin users (PDNMU). However, the aim of our study was to investigate a wide miRNA panel in peripheral blood exosomes from patients with ACAS divided in NG vs. PDMU vs. PDNMU, and to associate the circulating miRNA expression profiles with MACE at 2 years of follow-up after endarterectomy. METHODS—The study included 234 patients with ACAS divided in NG (n 125), PDNMU (n 73) and PDMU (n 36). The miRs’ expression profiles of circulating exosomes were determined at baseline and at 2 years of follow-up by Affymetrix microarrays from plasma samples of the patients from any study cohort. Then we collected and analyzed MACE at 2 years of follow-up in NG vs. PDMU vs. PDNMU. RESULTS—prediabetics vs. NG had over-inflammation (p<0.05) and over expressed miR 24 and miR 27 at baseline. At 2 years of follow-up PDNMU vs. NG, PDMU vs. NG and PDNMU vs. PDMU over-expressed inflammatory markers and miR 24, miR 27, miR 100, miR 126 and miR 133 (p<0.05). Finally, at follow-up end we observed a significant difference about MACE comparing PDNMU vs. NG (n 27 (36.9%) vs. n 8 (6.4%); p<0.05), PDNMU vs. PDMU (n 27 (36.9%) vs. n 6 (16.6%); p <0.05), and PDMU vs. NG (n 6 (16.6%) vs. n 8 (6.4%); p<0.05). Admission glucose values (HR 1.020, CI 95% [1.001-1.038], p 0.029), atheromatous carotid plaque (HR 5.373, CI 95% [1.251-11.079], p 0.024), and miR 24 (HR 3.842, CI 95% [1.768-19.222], p 0.011) predicted MACE at 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS—Specific circulating miRs could be over-expressed in pre-diabetics and specifically in PDNMU vs. PDMU after endarterectomy. MiR24, hyperglycemia and atheromatous plaque could predict MACE at 2 years of follow-up.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0071.v1

New Insights Into the Structure of Hydroxylated and Alkylated Glycols: A Comparative X-ray Diffraction, Raman and Molecular Dynamics Study of Ethane-1,2-Diol, 2-Methoxyethan-1-ol and 1,2-Dimethoxy Ethane

Lorenzo Gontrani, Pietro Tagliatesta, Antonio Agresti, Sara Pescetelli, Marilena Carbone

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: ethane-diols; methoxy and dimethoxy ethane; liquid structure; hydrogen bond, XRD; Raman

Online: 5 October 2020 (11:30:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0923.v1

Endocrine Disruptors in Pregnancy: Effect on Mother and Fetus - A Review

Rima Hajjar, Sana Hatoum, Serge Mattar, Gaby Moawad, Jean Marc Ayoubi, Anis Feki, Labib Ghulmiyyah

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Endocrine Disruptors; Bisphenol A; Phthalic Acids; Organophosphates; Fluorocarbons; Environmental Exposure; Pregnancy; Fetal Development

Online: 13 August 2024 (11:14:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1286.v1

Relationship of Healthy Vascular Aging with the Mediterranean Diet and Other Lifestyles in the Spanish Population, EVA Study

Leticia Gómez-Sánchez, David Gonzalez-Falcon, Rocio Llamas-Ramos, María Cortes-Rodriguez, Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez, Luis García-Ortiz, Ines Llamas-Ramos, Marta Gómez-Sánchez, Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Mediterranean diet; tobacco; alcohol; physical activity; sedentary time; healthy vascular aging

Online: 16 July 2024 (07:37:44 CEST)

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The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between healthy vascular aging (HVA) and the Mediterranean diet alongside other lifestyles in a Spanish population aged 35 to 75 years without previous cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with 501 individuals aged 35 to 75 years recruited from five health centers by random sampling stratified by age and sex (55.90±14.24 years, 49.70% men). HVA was determined in two steps. Step 1: Subjects with vascular damage to the carotid arteries or peripheral arterial disease were classified as non-HVA. Step 2: The study population was classified by age and sex using the percentiles of the vascular aging index (VAI), with VAI ≤p25 considered HVA and >p25 considered non-HVA. The VAI was estimated using the following formula (VAI = (log (1.09) × 10 cIMT + log (1.14) cfPWV) × 39.1 + 4.76. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured with the SphygmoCor^® device and carotid intima-media thickness using Sonosite Micromax^® ultrasound. Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, alcohol and tobacco use were recorded through validated questionnaires. Physical activity was assessed with the ActiGraph-GT3X^® accelerometer. Results: The mean VAI value was 61.23±12.86; (Men 63.47±13.75 and women 59.04±11.54; p<0.001). HVA was found in 18.9% (men 19.9% and women 17.8%). In the multiple regression analysis after adjusting for possible confounding factors, the mean VAI value showed a positive association with alcohol use (β=0.020) and sedentary hours per week (β=0.109), and a negative association with hours of activity per week (β=-0.102) and with the number of healthy lifestyles (β=-0.640). In the logistic regression analysis after adjusting for possible confounding factors, and compared to those classified as non-HVA, subjects classified as HVA were more likely to show adherence to MD (OR = 0.571), perform more than 26 hours per week of physical activity (OR = 1.735), spend less than 142 hours per week being sedentary (OR = 1.696), and have more than two healthy lifestyles (OR = 1.877). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the more time spent doing physical activity and the less time spent sitting, the lower the vascular aging index and the greater likelihood of being classified in the group of subjects showing HVA.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0840.v1

Genetic Architecture of CHD in NICU patients – UMC Ljubljana Experience

Ana Peterlin, Sara Bertok, Karin Writzl, Luca Lovrečić, Aleš Maver, Maruša Debeljak, Gregor Nosan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: congenital heart disease; chromosomal microarray analysis; next-generation sequencing

Online: 13 May 2024 (12:12:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1303.v1

Urban Sustainability in Unconventional Food, Case of Edible Insects in Kinshasa: Diversity and Entomophagy

ADEITO MAVUNDA Célestin, Madjouma Kanda, Fousseni Folega, Demirel Maza-esso BAWA, Marra Dourma, Koffi Akpagana

Subject: Social Sciences, Anthropology Keywords: edible insects; food insecurity; ethnozoology; edible insect diversity; Kinshasa; RD Cong

Online: 19 April 2024 (09:26:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0920.v1

Microbial Detoxification of Sediments Underpins Persistence of Zostera marina Meadows

Yuki Nakashima, Takumi Sonobe, Masashi Hanada, Goushi Kitano, Yoshimitsu Sonoyama, Katsumi Iwai, Takashi Kimura, Masataka Kusube

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: Zostera marina; Eelgrass meadows; Blue carbon; H2S detoxification; Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria; Sulfur-reducing bacteria; Chromatiales

Online: 15 April 2024 (18:05:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0372.v1

Approach to the “Missing” Diarylsilylene: Formation, Characterization, and Intramolecular C−H Bond Activation of Blue Diarylsilylenes Having Bulky Rind Groups

Kazuki Mochihara, Tatsuto Morimoto, Kei Ota, Shinsuke Marumoto, Daisuke Hashizume, Tsukasa Matsuo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: silicon; silylenes; hydrosilanes; C−H bond activation; silanols

Online: 6 March 2024 (14:22:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1682.v1

Molecular Dynamic Simulations for Biopolymers with Biomedical Applications

Ramon Garduño-Juarez, David Octavio Tovar-Anaya, Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar, Luis Fernando Lozano-Aguirre, Rafael Arturo Zubillaga, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Perez, Eduardo Villarreal-Ramirez

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: biopolymers; Molecular Dynamics Simulations; polymeric materials

Online: 29 February 2024 (11:39:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1025.v1

Early Screening for Long QT Syndrome and Cardiac Anomalies in Infants: A Comprehensive Study

Luana Nosetti, Marco Zaffanello, Carolina Lombardi, Alessandra Gerosa, Giorgio Piacentini, Abramo Michele, Massimo Agosti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: children; congenital heart disease; Electrocardiogram; Infant; long QT syndrome; neonatal screening; sudden infant death syndrome.

Online: 19 February 2024 (08:22:38 CET)

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(1) Background: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) represents unexplained and sudden deaths during the sleep of infants under one year of age, despite thorough investigation. Screening for prolonged QTc or Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) should be conducted on all newborns to reduce the incidence of SIDS. Neonatal electrocardiogram (ECG) could identify congenital heart defects (CHD) early, especially those not detected at birth. Infants with prolonged QT intervals typically undergo genetic analysis for Long QT Syndrome; (2) Methods: The study involved infants aged 20-40 days, born clinically healthy, with initial ECG screening. Infants with prenatal diagnoses or signs/symptoms of CHD identified immediately after birth, as well as those who underwent ECG or echocardiogram for other clinical or historical indications, were excluded from the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0; (3) Results: Of the 42,200 infants involved, 2,245 were enrolled, with 39.9% being males. Subsequently, 164 children (37.8% males) with prolonged QT intervals underwent further diagnostic investigations. Genetic mutations were identified in 11 out of 18 tested children. The most common mutations were LQT1 (54.5%), LQT2 (36.4%), and LQT3 (1 patient). Medications used included propranolol (39.8%), nadolol (22.2%), inderal (11.1%), metoprolol (11.1%), and no treatment (16.7%). The most common abnormalities were focal right bundle branch block (54.5%), left axis deviation (9.2%), and nonspecific ventricular repolarization abnormalities (7.1%). Multiple anomalies were found in 0.47% of children with focal right bundle branch block. Structural abnormalities were associated with specific features in 267 patients (11.9%), primarily isolated patent foramen ovale (PFO) at 61.4%; (4) Conclusions: The screening has proven effective in early diagnosing Long QT Syndrome and other cardiac rhythm anomalies, with additional benefits in detecting mutations and/or QTc prolongations in family members. Identifying other ECG abnormalities and congenital heart malformations further enhances the benefits of the screening.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0828.v1

Uncertainty Analysis of Predictive Models for Water Quality Index: Comparative Analysis of XGBoost, Random Forest, SVM, KNN, Gradient Boosting, and Decision Tree Algorithms.

Farkhanda Abbas, Zhihua Cai, Muhammad Shoaib, Javed Iqbal, Muhammad Ismail, ARIF ULLAH, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Mohammed Fahad Albeshr

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: groundwater modelling; water quality index; machine learning algorithms; water quality assessment

Online: 15 February 2024 (09:32:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0710.v1

Bedside Laparoscopy in the Critically Ill: A Review of the Literature

Alessandro Palladino, Carlo Vallicelli, Daniele Perrina, Girolamo Convertini, Federico Coccolini, Luca Ansaloni, Massimo Sartelli, Fausto Catena

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: bedside laparoscopy; minimally invasive surgery; critically ill patients

Online: 13 February 2024 (08:12:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0815.v1

The Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG1 and IgG3 Antibody Isotypes with Limited Neutralizing Capacity against Omicron Elicited in a Latin Population Switch toward IgG4 after Multiple Doses with the mRNA Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine.

Ana M Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodriguez, Laura Alvarez, Carlimar Ocasio, Riseilly Ramos-Nieves, Esteban I Rodríguez-Martinó, Paola López-Marte, Esther A. Torres, Carlos A. Sariol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Covid-19; IgG4; Switch class; ELISA; neutralizing antibody

Online: 10 January 2024 (11:06:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1192.v1

Selective roles of Interleukin-10 Family Members (IL-10, IL-19, IL-22) and Varying Levels of Obesity in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

Mohammad Muzaffar Mir, Jaber Alfaifi, Shahzada Khalid Sohail, Syeda Fatima Rizvi, Mushabab A. Alghamdi, Rashid Mir, Javed Iqbal Wani, Zia UL Sabah, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Fahad Alremthi, AbdulElah Al Jarallah AlQahtani, Muffarah Hamid Alharthi, Masoud Ishag, Imadeldin Elfaki, Hany M. A. Sonpol

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes; Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines; T2DM in Saudi Arabia; Pathogenesis; IL-10; IL-19; and IL 22; Obesity

Online: 18 October 2023 (13:47:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0532.v3

Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for 2 Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age 3 and Disease: An MRI Structural Study for the Alzheimer’s Disease 4 Neuroimaging Initiative

Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano Plini, Erik O'Hanlon, Rory Boyle, Francesca Sibilia, Gaia Rikhye, Joanne Kenney, Robert Whelan, Michael Christopher Melnychuk, Ian Hamilton Robertson, Paul Michael Dockree

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Locus Coeruleus; Reserve; Brain Age; Visual Attention; Alzheimer’s Disease; Mild Cognitive Impairment; normal Aging; Neuroimaging; Voxel Based Morphometry

Online: 21 June 2021 (11:41:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0093.v1

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Triiodide [Na(12-Crown-4)₂]I₃ on the Pathogens Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans

Zehra Edis, Samir Haj Bloukh, Hamed Abu Sara

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: triiodide; antibacterial activity; antifungal activity; sodium; crown ether complex

Online: 31 July 2017 (15:25:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0328.v1

Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ethanol Extract Exerts a Protective Effect on Normal Human Gastric Epithelial Cells by Modulating the Activity of Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-α-Induced Inflammatory Cyclooxygenase 2/Prostaglandin E2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

Hsi-Lung Hsieh, Ming-Chin Yu, Yu-Chia Chang, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Kuo-Hsiung Huang, Ming-Ming Tsai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Lonicera japonica Thunb.; Matrix metallopeptidase-9; Tumor necrosis factor-α ; Cyclooxygenase-2

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1591.v1

Antigenic Cartography Indicates That Omicron BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Variants Remain Antigenically Distant to Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 After Sputnik V Vaccination Followed by Homologous (Sputnik V) or Heterologous (Comirnaty) Revaccination

Ekaterina A Astakhova, Alexey A Morozov, Maria G Byazrova, Maria M Sukhova, Artem A Mikhailov, Andrey A Gorchakov, Alexander V Filatov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; revaccination; virus-neutralization; antigenic cartography

Online: 23 May 2023 (07:18:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1110.v1

How Accurately Topsoil Texture Is Shown on Agricultural Soil Maps? A Case Study of Eleven Fields Located in Poland

Michał Stępień, Dariusz Gozdowski, Stanisław Samborski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: agricultural soil maps; soil texture class; agronomic category; purity; averaged agreement

Online: 14 September 2024 (10:13:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0773.v1

Dental Implants’ Primary and Secondary Stability Assessment according to Implant Macro-Design, Length and Width, Location, and Bone Quality.

Norberto Quispe-López, Soraya Martín-Martín, Cristina Gómez-Polo, Oscar Figueras-Alvarez, María Isabel Sánchez-Jorge, Javier Montero

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Dental implants; bone density; macro-design; implant stability; computerized tomography; bone quality

Online: 13 May 2024 (11:17:10 CEST)

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Some evidence supports the influence of the implant macro-design and primary stability. Additionally, tactile perception can be used to assess implant stability when placing the implant. This research aimed to quantify the primary and secondary stability of three implant systems with two different macro geometries (cylindrical and conical) determined through the insertion torque and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) at the moment of implant placement as a function of implant-related factors (length, width, dental arch, and implant location in the arch), intraoperative factors (bone density determined subjectively by the clinician's tactile perception), and patient-related factors (age, gender and bone density determined objectively in the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: 102 implants of three implant systems with two different macro geometries (conical and cylindrical) were placed in 53 patients. The insertion torque, the ISQ at the implant placement (ISQ0), and bone quality according to the clinician's tactile sensation were recorded on the day of the surgery. After a three-month healing period, the ISQ was re-evaluated (ISQ3). Results: Cylindrical implants exhibited significantly higher insertion torque and ISQ at the moment of the surgery and after three months than conical implants. Cylindrical implants also showed significantly lower indices of tactile evaluation of bone quality during the implant placement surgery. However, no differences were demonstrated in the bone density measured objectively in the CBCT. (4) Conclusions: The cylindrical implants achieved the highest values for primary stability (Ncm and ISQ) and secondary stability (ISQ after three months). Insertion torque was the variable that most influenced ISQ on the day of the surgery. Implant location (incisors-canines, bicuspids-molars) and the implant macro geometry were the variables that most influenced the secondary stability (ISQ at three months).

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1933.v1

Highly Sensitive Whole-Cell Mercury Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring

Dahlin Zevallos-Aliaga, Stijn De Graeve, Pamela Obanda-Chávez, Nicolás Arias Vaccari, Yue Gao, Tom Peeters, Daniel Guerra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: whole‐cell biosensor; mercury detection; artisanal gold mining; environmental monitoring; bioavailable heavy metals; MerR; Tn501

Online: 29 April 2024 (16:49:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1830.v1

Thinking Outside the Box: Indirect Myc Modulation in Canine B-Cell Lymphoma

Luca Licenziato, Eugenio Mazzone, Chiara Tarantelli, Paolo Accornero, Andrea Rinaldi, Sara Divari, Wilfred Leung, Suzin Webb, Raffaella De Maria, Luca Aresu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: canine B-cell lymphoma; targeted therapy; Myc; BI2536; MZ1

Online: 28 April 2024 (08:39:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1604.v1

A Acylhydrazone Compound A5 Promotes Neurogenesis by Up-regulating Neurogenesis-related Genes and Inhibiting Cell-cycle Progression in Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells

Xiaoliang Xiang, Xia Jiang, Hongwei Lin, Meixing Yu, Liming Wu, Rong Zhou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: acylhydrazone compound; neural stem/progenitor cells; neurogenesis; cell-cycle progression; neurodegenerative diseases

Online: 24 April 2024 (10:07:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1321.v1

The Relationship Between the Ewing Test, Sudoscan Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Score and Cardiovascular Risk Score Calculated with SCORE2-Diabetes

Andra Elena Nica, Emilia Rusu, Carmen Dobjanschi, Florin Rusu, Claudia Sivu, Oana Andreea Parlițeanu, Gabriela Radulian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: T2DM, Sudoscan, CAN, CVDs, SCORE2-Diabetes

Online: 19 April 2024 (09:40:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0664.v1

Antibacterial, Antiviral and anti-biofilm Materials Evaluation Standards from the Viewpoint of Surface Science and Surface Engineering

Hideyuki Kanematsu, Dana M. Barry, Akiko Ogawa, Nobumitsu Hirai, Takeshi Kogo, Risa Kawai, Toshio Kamijo, Hidekazu Miura, Takeshi Hagio, Ryoichi Ichino

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-biofilm, ISO

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:25:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0301.v1

Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with ALS by Investigating Patient's Specific MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers: A Retrospective Study

Zahraa Alkhazaali, Sajad Sahab-Negah, Amir Reza Boroumand, Najmeh Kaffash Farkhad, Mohammad Ali Khodadoust, Rashin Ganjali, Jalil Tavakol-Afshari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; ALS; microRNA; Mir206; Mir338-3p; RT -PCR.

Online: 3 April 2024 (14:25:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1853.v1

Evaluating the Antihyperalgesic Potential of Sildenafil-Metformin Combination and Its Impact on Biochemical Markers in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy in Rats

Ciprian Pușcașu, Cristina Elena Zbârcea, Anca Ungurianu, Emil Ștefănescu, Cornel Chiriță, Nicoleta Mirela Blebea, Simona Negreș

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: diabetic neuropathy; sildenafil; metformin; antihyperalgesic; IL-6; TNF-α

Online: 29 March 2024 (13:45:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0829.v1

Kamchatka Berry (Lonicera caerulea L.) Pomace Bioferment as an Innovative Cosmetic Raw Material

Weronika Majchrzak, Krzysztof Śmigielski, Ilona Motyl, Joanna Oracz, Karina Skura, Sara Motyl

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: cosmetic active ingredients; cosmetics; fermentation

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:26:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0507.v1

Parents’ Participation in Care during Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Stay in COVID-19 Era: A Quantitative Observational Study

Emanuele Buccione, Davide Scarponcini Fornaro, Damiana Pieragostino, Luca Natale, Adelaide D'Errico, Valentina Chiavaroli, Laura Rasero, Stefano Bambi, Carlo Della Pelle, Susanna Di Valerio

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: neonatal intensive care unit; parenthood; newborns; preterm; nurses

Online: 8 March 2024 (11:04:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0214.v1

Inclusion of Antifungal and Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in Edible Alginate Coating as a Promising Strategy to Produce Probiotic Table Grapes and Exploit Biocontrol Activity

Nicola De Simone, Angela Scauro, Danial Fatchurrahman, Pasquale Russo, Vittorio Capozzi, Mariagiovanna Fragasso, Giuseppe Spano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Lactic Acid Bacteria; Lactobacilli; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Table grapes; Fruit; Antimicrobial; Probiotic; Edible coating, postharvest; Aspergillus niger; Spoilage

Online: 5 March 2024 (10:57:34 CET)

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The use of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) for probiotic enrichment of minimally processed fruit is a well-established practice in literature. In addition, several LAB demonstrated a strain-specific ability to control harmful microorganisms and decay agents, improving shelf-life, maintaining quality and promoting the safety of fruits and vegetables. Edible coatings can help modulate phenomena of gas exchange and water loss by fruits, representing protection from physical damage and spoilage phenomena linked to oxidation and the development of undesired microorganisms. At the same time, the coating can represent an innovative delivery matrix for the LAB strains of potential interest to improve safety and quality in the postharvest management of fruits. In this work, five Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains, previously characterized for their probiotic and antifungal activity, have been incorporated into a sodium alginate coating to develop edible probiotic coatings with antifungal properties for table grapes cv. Italia. The transfer of probiotics and their survival were evaluated by comparing coated and uncoated table grapes during 14 days of cold storage at 4 °C. The alginate edible coating increased the number of probiotics transferred to the surface of the berries from about 5 to more than 7 Log CFU/g, with a crucial impact on the potential functional attributes of the final product. The ability of the functionalised coatings to counteract the decay development was evaluated on table grapes berries artificially contaminated with Aspergillus niger CECT 2805. A significant reduction of lesion diameter was observed in alginate coating with L. plantarum 11-A. The lesion diameter reduction was also accompanied by the reduction of the symptoms of infection, such as browning around the wound. These results suggest the application of selected strains of L. plantarum as promising bio-resources to enhance the overall value of ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables, particularly in combination with edible coating as a carrier matrix. While a strain-dependent effect was not detected with respect to the improvement of the number of cells in the edible coating, a variability depending on the biotype used was detected for the properties linked to biocontrol, suggesting that the inclusion in edible packaging may represent an innovative criterion in the selection of lactobacilli to be applied postharvest.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0164.v1

Analysis of the Level of Adiponectin and Selected Cytokines in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Iosif Ilia, Paula Diana Ciordas, Diana Nitusca, Alina Anton, Catalin Marian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: knee osteoarthritis; biomarkers; adiponectin; IL-6; IL-10; TNL-α.

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:00:38 CET)

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Background and Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative disease that is targeting continuously people of different ages, but especially the elderly population, the number of which tends to increase continuously at the global level. Apart from age, excess weight can influence the evolution of the disease, with obesity being associated with a weak inflammation stage, and an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The present work aimed to identify specific biomarkers alike ACRP-30, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-6 in synovial fluid and correlate them with patients’ clinical data. Materials and Methods: 24 subjects with KOA and over 50 years of age are involved in the present study. All patients performed a supine X-ray at the target knee. Ultrasound was performed using an ESAOTE MyLab Omega (ESAOTE Spa, Italy) ultrasound device and a 6-19 MHz linear array transducer. Results: The obtained results highlighted a significant correlation between age and adiponectin level (p=0.0451, r=-0.412). Also, the IL-10 values are lower in cases where the intensity of the pain is more pronounced (p=0.0405, r=-0.421). In addition, analyzing the data by gender, it was observed that in the case of males, stiffness is more related to age (p=0.0079, r=0.7993), compared to women (p=0.0203, r=0.6223). In the case of women, the progression of the disease tends to increase more intensively total WOMAC score’s values (p=0.00031, r=0.8342), compared with men (p=0.0289, r=7013). Regarding interleukins and BMI, significant correlations were observed only in the case of men. Conclusions: A significant correlation between age and adiponectin, and adiponectin and IL-6, suggests that advanced age may contribute to adiponectin reduction. Comparing men with women, it was observed that men's age is more related to rigidity, and IL-6 and IL-10 are directly correlated to BMI and women seem to be more sensitive to pain and stiffness.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1716.v1

Superficial Peritoneal Endometriosis Vaporization Using a CO2 Laser: a long-term single-center experience.

Stefano Di Michele, Silvia Bramante, Stefano Angioni, Michela Bernassola, Tommaso De Vita, Daniela Anna Iaccarino, Luca Giannoni, Maurizio Rosati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometriosis; superficial peritoneal endometriosis; CO2 laser; pain; fertility

Online: 29 February 2024 (09:52:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0939.v1

Structure and Luminescent Properties of Niobium Modified ZnO-B2O3:Eu3+ Glass

Reni Iordanova, Margarita Milanova, Aneliya Yordanova, Lyubomir Aleksandrov, Nikolay Nedylkov, Rosica Kukeva, Petia Petrova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: glass structure; europium; IR; photoluminescence; density

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:48:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0566.v1

Phylogenetic Reconstructions Reveal the Co-circulation of Different Lineages of Dengue Virus 2 in the Northern Region of Brazil: Insights into the Persistence of the Asian-American Genotype and the Introduction of the Cosmopolitan Genotype

Murilo Tavares Amorim, Felipe Gomes Naveca, Leonardo Henrique Almeida Hernández, Thito Yan Bezerra Da Paz, Cintia Cryslaine da Silva De Oliveira, Alessandra da Conceição Miranda Santos, Alice Louize Nunes Queiroz, Ana Lucia Monteiro Wanzeller, Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva, Fábio Silva da Silva, Sandro Patroca da Silva, Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes, Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: arboviruses; dengue virus serotype 2; cosmopolitan genotype; asian-american genotype

Online: 8 November 2023 (15:42:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1537.v1

Safety Evaluation of N-((3S,4S)-4-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzamide (Hu7691) by a Repeated Dose 14-Day Oral Exposure Toxicity Study in Rats

Renhua Gai, Chao Chen, Wei Zhang, Ma Jian, Xiaomeng Wang, Xiaoqing Chi, Guangxing Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Hu7691; 14-day exposure; Oral toxicity study; SD rats; Formulation; Histopathology

Online: 22 September 2023 (07:38:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0208.v1

Evaluation of Coproporphyrins I and III as an Endogenous Marker for Hepatic Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins (MRP 2/3) Activity in Animal Models of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Using a Mechanistic Model

Rajeev Kumar, Sagnik Chatterjee, Ravindranath Reddy Gilibili, T Thanga Mariappam, Hong Shen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: Coproporphyrin; Oatps; Mrp; Endogenous biomarker; Modeling and Simulation

Online: 5 September 2023 (03:40:58 CEST)

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Coproporphyrins I and III (CP-I and CP-III) are established as substrates of hepatic sinusoidal organic anion transporting polypeptides (Oatps), multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (Mrp3), and canalicular transporter Mrp2. We aimed to evaluate the potential of plasma CP-I and CP-III concentrations to indicate functional changes in hepatic transporters in nonalcoholic stea-tohepatitis (NASH) rodent models using modeling and simulation approach. Mechanistic copro-porphyrins (CP-I and CP-III) models in rats and mice were constructed based on metabolism, transport, and elimination pathways in rodents. To parameterize the rat mechanistic model, we measured CP concentrations in plasma, liver, bile, and urine in healthy control Sprague Dawley rats. The mouse mechanistic model was parameterized using published data. The rat and mouse CP models described the steady-state levels of CP-I and CP-III in plasma, liver, and bile. The model recapitulated the observed high plasma CP-III / CP-1 ratio (9- and 3-fold in rats and mice, respec-tively) and elimination pathways of CP-I (>90% via biliary secretion) and CP-III (equal via bile and urine). Rat CP model was further validated with the published rat fistula model. The simulated increased plasma CP-I concentrations (4-fold), resulted from decreased Oatp activity (0.6-fold) and increased Mrp3 activity (3-fold) were comparable to those observed in bile-duct ligated NASH model. Sensitivity analysis revealed that 90% inhibition of Oatp and Mrp2 leads to a 4-fold and 2.5-fold increase in plasma CP-I levels, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrated the utility of the mechanistic CP models in testing hypothesis and understanding the mechanisms of the ob-served plasma CPs disposition in the Oatp knockout (KO) mice, bile-duct ligation NASH mice, and Mrp2 deficient TR- rats. Collectively, using a mechanistic model, we conclude that CP-I is a robust and predictable marker for assessing change in the activity of Oatps and Mrps in animal models. Our analysis suggests that efflux transporters (Mrp2 and Mrp3) can play an important role in the disposition of CP-I along with Oatp transporters in rodents.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0477.v1

A Comparison and Co-relation Between Estimated Water Quality Parameters Using Band Ratio Algorithm of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 Data and Observed Water Quality Parameters for Kamuzu Reservoir Over Lilongwe River in Malawi, Africa

Bernard Chome, Satya Prakash

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Water quality; remote sensing; Sentinel-2; Landsat 8; TSM; CDOM; Secchi depth; Turbidity; Chlorophyll-a

Online: 26 January 2023 (09:12:01 CET)

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Water quality is the measure of chemical, physical and biological suitability of water in relation to natural effects and intended purpose which may affect human health and aquatic life. Assessment of water quality is very essential for the management of water resources and human health. Traditionally, in-situ measurements have been used to obtain the water quality parameters of the water bodies. However, with the availability of satellite images, researchers have shown that satellite images are a reliable tool that can be used to estimate water quality. Satellite image-derived water quality parameters provide extensive spatial extent and large temporal variations when compared to traditional in situ sample collection and laboratory measurements. The present work estimated several parameters for quality of water in the Kamuzu reservoir of Lilongwe River for the 2013-2020 period using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellite images. The band ratio algorithms were used to retrieve Chlorophyll a (Chl-a), Turbidity, Total Suspended Matter (TSM), Secchi depth, Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), and Cyanobacteria from the reservoir. Turbidity and TSM were compared with the in-situ data collected over the same period. The comparison indicated R² of 0.9 and 0.69 for TSM and Turbidity respectively from Sentinel-2 images whereas R² of 0.56 and 0.61 was obtained using Landsat 8 images which are quite encouraging. The other set of results included the spatial distribution maps of water quality parameters using Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite data. It was observed that the spatial distribution of water quality parameters, except for CDOM and Cyanobacteria, showed very good distribution and matches with the theoretical results. However, for CDOM and Cyanobacteria, the distribution was almost similar for the entire study area and the band ratio algorithm may not be able to estimate them quite reasonably. This research reiterates the need for the use of remote sensing in estimating the water quality parameters and may be a substitute to the in-situ data, in terms of spread and frequency, which is very common to most of the water bodies, across the globe.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1708.v1

Modelling Lysosomal Storage Disorders in an innovative way: Establishment and Characterization of Stem Cell Lines from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth of Mucopolysaccharidoses Type II Patients

Sofia Carvalho, Juliana Inês Santos, Luciana Moreira, Ana Joana Duarte, Paulo Gaspar, Hugo Rocha, Marisa Encarnação, Diogo Ribeiro, Matilde Barbosa Almeida, Mariana Gonçalves, Hugo David, Liliana Matos, Olga Amaral, Luísa Diogo, Sara Ferreira, Constança Santos, Esmeralda Martins, Maria João Prata, Luís Pereira de Almeida, Sandra Alves, Maria Francisca Coutinho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II; Disease Modelling; in vitro models; induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs); Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs); SHED: Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHEDs)

Online: 29 February 2024 (13:03:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.2004.v1

Copper-Free Sonogashira Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with (Hetero)arylacetylenes in the Presence of Ppm Molar Loadings of [{Pd(OH)Cl(NHC)}₂] Complexes. Hydrogen Chloride as a Coupling Product. Co-catalytic Effect of Water

Sylwia Ostrowska, Szymon Rogalski, Cezary Pietraszuk

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Other Keywords: copper-free Sonogashira; cross-coupling; palladium; NHC complexes

Online: 31 October 2023 (06:08:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0122.v2

Airborne Validation of ICESat-2 ATLAS Data Over Crevassed Surfaces and Other Complex Glacial Environments: Results From Experiments of Laser Altimeter and Kinematic GPS Data Collection From a Helicopter Over a Surging Arctic Glacier (Negribreen, Svalbard)

Ute Christina Herzfeld, Matthew Lawson, Thomas Trantow, Thomas Nylen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: ICESat-2; Laser Altimetry; Kinematic GPS Experiments; Glaciology; Surge Glaciers; Svalbard; Density Dimension Algorithm for Ice Surfaces; Airborne Validation of Satellite Data

Online: 13 October 2021 (10:45:21 CEST)

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The topic of this paper is the airborne evaluation of ICESat-2 Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) measurement capabilities and surface-height-determination over crevassed glacial terrain, with a focus on the geodetical accuracy of geophysical data collected from a helicopter. To obtain surface heights over crevassed and otherwise complex ice surface, ICESat-2 data are analyzed using the density-dimension algorithm for ice surfaces (DDA-ice), which yields surface heights at the nominal 0.7~m along-track spacing of ATLAS data. As the result of an ongoing surge, Negribreen, Svalbard, provided an ideal situation for the validation objectives in 2018 and 2019, because many different crevasse types and morphologically complex ice surfaces existed in close proximity. Airborne geophysical data, including laser altimeter data (profilometer data at 905~nm frequency), differential Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data, on-board-time-lapse imagery and photographs, were collected during two campaigns in summers of 2018 and 2019. Airborne experiment setup, geodetical correction and data processing steps are described here. To date, there is relatively little knowledge of the geodetical accuracy that can be obtained from kinematic data collection from a helicopter. Our study finds that (1)~Kinematic GPS data collection with correction in post-processing yields higher accuracies than Real-Time-Kinematic (RTK) data collection. (2)~Processing of only the rover data using the Natural Resources Canada Spatial Reference System Precise Point Positioning (CSRS-PPP) software is sufficiently accurate for the sub-satellite validation purpose. (3)~Distances between ICESat-2 ground tracks and airborne ground tracks were generally better than 25~m, while distance between predicted and actual ICESat-2 ground track was on the order of 9~m, which allows direct comparison of ice-surface heights and spatial statistical characteristics of crevasses from the satellite and airborne measurements. (4)~The Lasertech Universal Laser System (ULS), operated at up to 300~m above ground level, yields full return frequency (400~Hz) and 0.06-0.08~m on-ice along-track spacing of height measurements. (5)~Cross-over differences of airborne laser altimeter data are 0.1918 $\pm$ 2.385~m along straight paths over generally crevassed terrain, which implies a precision of approximately 2.4~m for ICESat-2 validation experiments. (6)~In summary, the comparatively light-weight experiment setup of a suite of small survey equipment mounted on a Eurocopter (Helicopter AS-350) and kinematic GPS data analyzed in post-processing using CSRS-PPP leads to high accuracy repeats of the ICESat-2 tracks. The technical results (1)-(6) indicate that direct comparison of ice-surface heights and crevasse depths from the ICESat-2 and airborne laser altimeter data is warranted. The final result of the validation is that ICESat-2 ATLAS data, analyzed with the DDA-ice, facilitate surface-height determination over crevassed terrain, in good agreement with airborne data, including spatial characteristics, such as surface roughness, crevasse spacing and depth, which are key informants on the deformation and dynamics of a glacier during surge.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0284.v1

Factors Affecting SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic, including Zoonotic, Human Transmission and Chain of Infection. Reducing Public Health Risk by Serum Antibody Testing, Avoiding Screening in Unhygienic Places and False PCR Reporting. A Scientific Review

Kamran Mahmood Ahmed Aziz, Abdullah Othman, Waleed Alqahtani, Sumaiya Azhar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; RT-PCR; antibody; zoonotic; animal transmission; genomics; asymptomatic fraction; herd immunity

Online: 23 June 2020 (13:30:11 CEST)

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Since December 2019, a rapid increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) cases was reported worldwide, despite strict infection control and lock down measures. Current paper investigated the actual facts behind this rapid increase in the number of cases. Study of genomic sequence reveals that domestic and wild animals were likely ancestors and zoonotic source for SARS-CoVs, MERS-CoVs, and SARS-CoV-2. Strong evidence suggest that these viruses already existed and replicated in animals and humans during past several decades, exhibiting diverse mutations, evolutions and self-limiting diseases, except during outbreaks. Serious zoonotic reservoir investigations are required to investigate animal transmission of SARS-CoVs and SARS-CoV-2 to limit current pandemic. This might be the reason of increasing number of cases via animals. SARS-CoV-2 has been retrospectively isolated in different studies in August 2019, several months before Wuhan announced. Hence, there is a possibility that viruses existed, went undetected, infecting subclinically, in past several years, and SARS-CoV-2 antigens and neutralizing antibodies may have been present in humans since long time. This might be another reason of increasing number of cases by screening as mass screening and antigen or antibody testing was not carried out in the past years. Randomized controlled trials are required to investigate human to human transmission by touch, as the current evidence is limited with conflicting results. As all SARS-CoVs are basically respiratory viruses, droplet precautions and infection control measures are essential, especially for hospital staff. Increased number of SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic, or subclinical cases are detected worldwide. This silent phase of transmission can be beneficial for humans. Lack of symptoms eventually lessen virus transmission and reduce the pathogen's long-term survival and provide humoral herd immunity up to several years. Hence, seropositivity with diverse antibodies develops against mutating SARS-CoVs which will confer strong immunity during epidemics. Strategies such as identification, contact tracing and quarantine are costly and practically difficult. Hence, asymptomatic persons can continue their work with droplet precautions and standard infection control procedures, while symptomatic or sick persons can isolate themselves in their homes without the need for strict quarantine until clinical recovery, with reduced hospital visits and minimizing chances of hospital acquired infections. RT-PCR has low sensitivity and specificity, carries a high risk of handling live virus antigens, and requires difficult protocols. As viral load also sharply declines after few days of onset of infection, this technique might overlook infection. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection may be present in blood when oropharyngeal swabs are negative by RT-PCR. Additionally, RT-PCR usually gives false negative and false positive results and must be interpreted cautiously. This might be again a reason of increasing number of cases by false positive RT-PCR reporting. Moreover, antibodies against SARS-CoVs develop robustly in serum even by reduced amount of antigens. In contrast to RT-PCR, ELISA for diagnosing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity, even in clinically asymptomatic individuals. These antibodies can be used for serologic surveys, monitoring and screening. However, screening tests for SARS-COV-2 should be avoided in unhygienic public places by nasopharyngeal swabs, which carry a high risk of further transmission, co-infection or superinfection. Such highly infectious virus must be isolated and tested in highly sterilized laboratory. Further strict international laws and policies are required to stop the possible spread of experimental viruses, biological warfare and bioterrorism.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0069.v1

Trends and Patterns of Sexualised Drug Use among HIV-Positive Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men: Insights from a Comprehensive Study in a Major European City - The U-SEX-2 GESIDA 9416 Study

Pablo Ryan, Helen Dolengevich-Segal, Luis Ramos-Ruperto, Alfonso Cabello, Matilde Sanchez-Conde, Jorge Vergas, Jorge Valencia, Guillermo Cuevas, Jose Sanz-Moreno, Javier Curto-Ramos, Javier Pérez-Bootello, Jorge Naharro-Rodriguez, Mar J.F Ollero, Lucio Garcia Fraile, Leire Pérez-Latorre, Otilia Bisbal, Sara De la Fuente, Juan Emilio Losa, Miguel Cervero, Miriam Estebanez, Inés Suarez-Garcia, Alejandra Gimeno, Ignacio Terrancle, Rafael Mican, Alicia González Baeza

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: MSM; trends; high-risk sexual behaviors; HIV; sexualized drug use; chemsex; sexually transmitted infections

Online: 4 September 2023 (02:43:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0679.v1

(E)-2-Benzylidenecyclanones: Part XVIII.[1] Study the Possible Link Between Glutathione Reactivity and Cancer Cell Cytotoxic Effects of Some Cyclic Chalcone Analogs. A Comparison of the Reactivity of the Open-Chain and the Seven-Membered Homologs

Pál Perjési, Fatemeh Kenari, Szilárd Molnár, Igor D Borges, Hamilton B Napolitano

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: chalcone; glutathione; cysteine; thiols; Michael addition; diastereoselective addition

Online: 21 April 2023 (08:02:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0290.v1

Cacalol Acetate as Anticancer Agent: Anti-proliferative, Pro-apoptotic, Cytostatic and Anti-migratory Effects

Gareth Omar Rostro-Alonso, Alejandro Israel Castillo-Montoya, Juan Carlos García-Acosta, Erick Fernando Aguilar-Llanos, Laura Itzel Quintas-Granados, Edgar Yebran Villegas-Vazquez, Rosario Garcia-Aguilar, Hugo López-Muñoz, Luis Sánchez-Sánchez, Jesús J. Alvarado-Sansininea, Manuel Jiménez-Estrada, Lizbeth Cariño-Calvo, Manuel González-del-Carmen, Hernán Cortés, Gerardo Leyva-Gómez, Gabriela Figueroa-González, Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cacalol; cacalol acetate; antiproliferation; apoptotic effect; cervical cancer cells

Online: 5 August 2024 (10:22:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1135.v1

A Feasibility Study of the RESP-8 Tool: Enhancing Pharmacist-Led Triage for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Eleftherios Teperikidis, Andreas Vitsos, Angeliki Kokkini, Maria Fesatidou, Sophia Apostolou, Anna Sidiropoulou, Dionysis Evgenidis, Eleftheria Ztriva, Athena Myrou, Georgia Kaiafa, Eleni Karlafti, Stylianos Daios, Thomas Tegos, Christos Savopoulos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Upper respiratory tract infections, URTI, pharmacists, RESP-8 tool, medical evaluation, public health.

Online: 17 June 2024 (10:34:55 CEST)

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Background: Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are a major public health concern due to their high incidence and potential for complications. Pharmacists often serve as the first point of contact for patients with URTIs. This study aims to develop and evaluate the RESP-8 tool to assist pharmacists in determining the need for medical evaluation. Methods: This prospective interventional cohort study was conducted over six months (October 2023 to March 2024) in community pharmacies. Participants included adults aged 18 years and older presenting with URTI symptoms. Pharmacists used the RESP-8 tool, which comprises eight criteria to assess the need for medical referral. Data on medical history, symptom duration, and progression were recorded. The primary outcome was the feasibility of implementing the RESP-8 tool. Secondary outcomes included the accuracy of the tool, the percentage of patients recommended for medical evaluation, and compliance with these recommendations. Results: A total of 64 participants were included, with an average age of 55.7 years. Pharmacists recommended medical evaluation for 75% (48/64) of patients using the RESP-8 tool. Among these, 70.83% (34/48) complied with the recommendation. The tool demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients needing further medical evaluation, with only two noted errors. All compliant patients received appropriate treatment without complications. The tool was easy to implement, taking less than 5 minutes per patient. Discussion: The RESP-8 tool effectively guided pharmacists in recommending medical evaluations for URTI patients. The high compliance rate indicates patient trust in pharmacists' guidance. While the study's small sample size limits generalizability, the results are promising. Future studies with larger populations are necessary to validate these findings and further refine the tool. Conclusion: The RESP-8 tool shows potential in enhancing pharmacists' ability to make informed decisions about medical referrals for URTIs, ultimately improving patient outcomes and optimizing healthcare resource management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0352.v2

AutoCloud+, a “Universal” Physical and Statistical Model-Based 2D Spatial Topology-Preserving Software Toolbox for Cloud/Cloud-Shadow Detection in Multi-Sensor Single-Date Earth Observation Multi-Spectral Imagery Eligible for Systematic ESA EO Level 2 Product Generation

Andrea Baraldi, Dirk Tiede

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: artificial intelligence; color naming; color constancy; cognitive science; computer vision; object-based image analysis (OBIA); physical and statistical data models; radiometric calibration; semantic content-based image retrieval; spatial topological and spatial non-topological information components

Online: 28 August 2018 (07:57:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1302.v1

ABCA3 c.838C>T (p.Arg280Cys, R280C) and c.697C>T (p.Gln233Ter, Q233X, Q233*) as Causative Variants for RDS: a Review of the Literature and Family Case Study

Maria Livia Ognean, Mădălina Anciuc-Crauciuc, Radu Galiș, Alex-Emilian Stepan, Mioara Desdemona Stepan, Claudia Bănescu, Florin Grosu, Boris W. Kramer, Manuela Cucerea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: ABCA3 c.838C>; T; ABCA3 p.Arg280Cys; ABCA3 R280C; ABCA3 c.697C>; T; ABCA3 p.Gln233Ter; ABCA3 Q233X; SFTPB p.Val267Ile; neonatal RDS; interstitial lung disease; genetic testing

Online: 20 August 2024 (12:41:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0931.v1

Rapid Monitoring of Scale Precipitation and Inhibition in Geothermal Fluid Using Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance

Ai Hosoki, Kifuyu Sugiura, Takuya Okazaki, Heejun Yang, Hideki Kuramitz, Akira Ueda, Amane Terai

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Geothermal scale sensor, Optical fiber, Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Real-time monitoring

Online: 13 August 2024 (13:16:06 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0194.v1

Horse Innate Immunity in the Control of Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus Infection: A Preliminary Study

Giusy Cardeti, Giuseppe Manna, Cersini Antonella, Roberto Nardini, Sergio Rosati, Ramsés Reina, Marina Cittadini, Stefania Sittinieri, Alessia Altigeri, Gaetana Anita Marcario, Maria Teresa Scicluna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus; horse; innate immunity; macrophage; cytokine; gene expression

Online: 2 August 2024 (13:27:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2577.v1

Bioaerosol Disinfection by a Cold Plasma Ionizer Coupled with an Electrostatic Precipitator

Wei Yang Samuel Lim, Sian Yang Ow, Sutarlie Laura, Yeong Yuh Lee, Ady Suwardi, Ivan Tan, Wun Chet Davy Cheong, Xian Jun Loh, Xiaodi Su

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: cold plasma ionizer; non-thermal plasma; electrostatic precipitator; porcine respiratory coronavirus; bacteria; bioaerosols; disinfection

Online: 31 July 2024 (11:53:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0762.v1

Effects of High-Speed vs. Low-Speed Resistance Training on Neuromuscular and Functional Capacities in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Elmoetez Magtouf, Nicolas Peyrot, Yosra Cherni, Oussama Gaeid Chortane, Jonathan Jolibois, Abderrahmane Rahmani, Wael Maktouf

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Gait; Force; Seniors; Resistance training; Functional capacities; Power; Explosiveness

Online: 9 July 2024 (13:32:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.2052.v1

Distribution of Natural Trace Elements in Drinking Water Sources of Hungary

Bálint Izsák, Katalin Hegedűs-Csondor, Petra Baják, Anita Erőss, Norbert Erdélyi, Márta Vargha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: drinking water source; natural elements; uranium; water quality

Online: 2 July 2024 (09:29:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1405.v1

PET-CT in Polymyalgia Rheumatica: When and for what—A Critical Review

Elena Heras-Recuero, Teresa Blázquez-Sánchez, Laura Cristina Landaeta-Kancev, Marta Martínez de Bourio-Allona, Arantxa Torres-Roselló, Fernando Rengifo-García, Claritza Caraballo-Salazar, Raquel Largo, Santos Castañeda, Miguel Angel González-Gay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: FDG uptake; polymyalgia rheumatica; giant cell arteritis; positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)

Online: 20 June 2024 (08:52:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0871.v1

First Description of a Thermophilic, Endophytic Aspergillus brasiliensis Strain from a Volcanic Ecosystem: Genomic Analysis and Plant Growth Benefits

Amanda Martirena-Ramírez, J.Germán Serrano-Gamboa, Yordanis Pérez-Llano, Claribel Orquídea Zenteno-Alegría, Mario León Iza-Arteaga, María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente, Ana María Fernández-Ocaña, Ramon Batista, Jorge Luis Foch-Mallol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Aspergillus brasiliensis; Endophytic fungus; Extreme environments; Thermophilic; Phylogenomic analysis; plant growth-promoting fungus

Online: 13 June 2024 (07:37:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0343.v1

Compositional and Microstructural Investigations of Prehistoric Ceramics from Southern Romania (Middle Neolithic Pottery)

Rodica-Mariana Ion, Ancuta-Elena Pungoi, Lorena Iancu, Ramona Marina Grigorescu, Gabriel Vasilievici, Anca Irina Gheboianu, Sofia Slamnoiu-Teodorescu, Elvira Alexandrescu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Ceramics And Composites Keywords: ceramic; pottery; Middle Neolithic; Dudești culture

Online: 6 June 2024 (04:53:52 CEST)

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In this paper, based on our previous expertise on ceramic artifacts, several archaeometric methods applied to some samples collected from the Dudești archaeological site (Oltenia region, Romania) are reported for the first time in the literature. The chemical composition and microstructural and morphological characterization of these samples offer important conclusions about the processing conditions. Some specific techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), wave-length-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF), Optical microscopy (OM), stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, provide composition information about pigments and their decay processes. Additionally, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method helps to estimate pore sizes and specific surface areas. Thermal analysis (TGA) was used to establish details regarding the production technology and the raw materials source used to make the ceramics, too. The obtained results indicated that the ceramics are based on a paste of muscovite, feldspar, with high plasticity, quartz, melanterite, and calcite, the latter in very low concentrations. According to the obtained results, we could assume that non-calcareous clays are present in the investigated samples because calcium exists in low concentrations. Gypsum is present, too, in very low concentration, identified by the presence of sulfate group in WDXRF. In the same context, iron oxides significantly impact the firing atmosphere of iron-rich clay, resulting in blackening under reducing conditions and reddish coloration under oxidative conditions. Using hematite and gypsum as pigments further contributes to the color variations in the pottery. The consistent firing temperature range of 200-600 °C in Dudești pottery implies a standardized production process, the variation in color being dependent on the specific reducing/oxidative regime conditions. This relationship between clay composition and local sources suggests a connection to Neolithic pottery production in the region and their color depending on the reducing/oxidative regime conditions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1704.v1

Effect of Corona Treatment Method to Carvacrol Nanocoating Process for Carvacrol/Halloysite-Nanotube/Low-Density-Polyethylene Active Packaging Films Development

Aris E. Giannakas, Vassilios K Karabagias, Amarildo Ndreka, Aikaterini Dimitrakou, Areti Α. Leontiou, Katerina Katerinopoulou, Michael A Karakassides, Charalampos Proestos, Constantinos E Salmas

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Low density polyethylene; carvacrol; halloysite nanotube; corona treatment; nanocoating; active packaging; control release

Online: 27 May 2024 (11:38:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0058.v1

Risk Factors Associated with Lost to Follow Up Tuberculosis Treatment in the Sanatorium Hospital of Luanda, Angola

Domingos Vita, Maria Luisa Aznar, Joan Martinez Camprecios, Debora Cristina Maindo Sebastiao Kansietoko, Israel Molina

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Tuberculosis; Loss to follow-up; Food insecurity

Online: 1 May 2024 (07:45:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1134.v1

Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Myopathy and Thromboembolism: The Additive Value of Echocardiography and Possible New Horizons for Risk Stratification

Alessandro Campora, Matteo Lisi, Maria Concetta Pastore, Giulia Elena Mandoli, Yu Fu Ferrari Chen, Annalisa Pasquini, Andrea Rubboli, Michael Henein, Matteo Cameli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Atrial myopathy; left atrial strain

Online: 17 April 2024 (09:26:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1185.v1

Defence and Protection of the Marine Coastal Areas and Human Health: A Case Study of Asbestos Cement Contamination (Italy)

Roberta Somma, Salvatore Giacobbe, Francesco Paolo La Monica, Maria Letizia Molino, Marina Morabito, Sebastiano Ettore Spoto, Salvatore Zaccaro, Giuseppe Zaffino

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: marine coasts; protected areas; defense and conservation; asbestos cement materials; wastes; contamination; human health risk; medical geology

Online: 21 February 2024 (04:31:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0084.v1

Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of A. cepa L. and A. × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani 1842) Methanolic Extracts

Željana Fredotović, Matilda Šprung, Barbara Soldo, Ivica Ljubenkov, Irena Budić-Leto, Tea Bilušić, Vedrana Čikeš-Čulić, Jasna Puizina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: onions; A. × cornutum; A. cepa; phenolic compounds; antioxidant activity; genotoxicity; antimutagenic activity; antiproliferative activity

Online: 19 January 2017 (02:09:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0606.v1

RNAi-Mediated Down-Regulation of Dicer-Like 2 and 4 Changes the Response of “Moneymaker” Tomato to Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Infection from Tolerance to Lethal Systemic Necrosis, Accompanied by Up-Regulation of miR398a-3p and Reactive Oxygen Species

Takairo Suzuki, Sho Ikeda, Atsushi Kasai, Akito Taneda, Kohei Sugawara, Misato Fujibayashi, Maki Okuta, Hayato Maeda, Teruo Sano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: viroid; pathogenicity; RNA silencing; Dicer-like proteins; small interfering RNA; microRNA398; microRNA398a-3p; superoxide dismutase 1; reactive oxygen species; systemic necrosis

Online: 28 November 2018 (06:50:07 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0097.v5

Why Blood Group A Individuals Are at Risk Whereas Blood Group O Individuals Might Be Protected from SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Hypothesis Regarding How the Virus Invades the Human Body via Abo(H) Blood Group-Determining Carbohydrates

Peter Arend

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2–human carbohydrate interaction; trans-species glycosylation; A-like/Tn structure; trans-species glycan bridge

Online: 13 November 2020 (09:42:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0019.v1

A randomized trial of split dose 3 L polyethylene glycol lavage solution, 2 L polyethylene glycol lavage combined with castor oil, and 1 L of polyethylene glycol lavage solution combined with castor oil and ascorbic acid for preparation for colonoscopy

Xu Tian, Bing Shi, Xiao-Ling Liu, Hui Chen, Wei-Qing Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Castor oil; Ascorbic acid; Bowel preparation; Polyethylene glycol

Online: 1 April 2019 (13:42:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0789.v1

Molecular Identification and Prevalence of the Mite Carpoglyphus lactis (Acarina: Carpoglyphidae) in Apis mellifera in the Republic of Korea

Thi-Thu Nguyen, Mi-Sun Yoo, Hyang-Sim Lee, So Youn Youn, Se-Ji Lee, Su-Kyoung Seo, Jaemyung Kim, Yun Sang Cho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Apis mellifera; Carpoglyphus lactis; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene; Molecular identification; Republic of Korea

Online: 13 March 2024 (16:10:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2619.v1

Fat Profiles of Milk and Butter Obtained from Different Dairy Systems (High and Low Pasture) and Seasons (Spring and Fall): Focus on Healthy Fatty Acids and Technological Properties of Butter

Lucía Grille, Ignacio Vieitez, Andrea Garay, Melissa Romero, Santiago Jorcin, Esteban Krall, María Noel Méndez, Bruno Irigaray, Edinson Bejarano, Tomás López-Pedemonte

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: feeding systems; season; dairy products; milk; conjugated linoleic acid

Online: 31 July 2024 (16:44:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2128.v1

Predicting Survival of Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Based Sequential Therapy

Javier C. Angulo, Gorka Larrinaga, David Lecumberri, Ane Miren Iturregui, Jon Danel Solano-Iturri, Charles H. Lawrie, María Armesto, Juan F. Dorado, Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier, Rafael Pulido, Claudia Manini, José I. López

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: metastatic renal cell carcinoma; tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib; nomogram; cancer-specific survival; prognosis; treatment response

Online: 26 July 2024 (06:23:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1643.v1

Diversity, Distribution, and Resistance Profiles of Bacterial Bloodstream Infections in Three Tertiary Referral Hospitals in Rwanda between 2020 and 2022

Misbah Gashegu, Vedaste Ndahindwa, Edson Rwagasore, Albert Tuyishime, Clarisse Musanabaganwa, Noel Gahamanyi, Isabelle Mukagatare, Djibril Mbarushimana, Christopher Aird Green, Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Ayman Ahmed, Claude Mambo Muvunyi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Integrated transdisciplinary multisectoral One Health Strategy; AMR stewardship; Gram-negative Bacteria; Gram-positive Bacteria; health facility-acquired infection

Online: 22 July 2024 (09:41:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1386.v1

Validity and Reliability of the GAITWell®: A Low-Cost Modular System for Gait Analysis

Wellingtânia Domingos Dias, Renata Kirkwood, Iury Cardoso Brito, Ivo Oliveira Capanema, Meinhard Sesselmann, Claysson Bruno Santos Vimieiro, Rudolf Huebner

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: gait analysis; spatiotemporal parameters; reliability; validity; Clustering; discrete sensors

Online: 20 June 2024 (08:31:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0497.v1

Evaluation of Mis-Selection of Boundary Vertebrae and Its Effect on Measuring Cobb Angle and Curve Length in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

José Hurtado-Avilés, Vicente J. León-Muñoz, Fernando Santonja-Medina, Paolo Raimondi, Francisco Martínez-Martínez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Cobb angle; measurement errors; radiographic Assessment; spine curvature

Online: 7 June 2024 (15:16:27 CEST)

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The Cobb angle is critical in assessing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the error in selecting the cranial and caudal limit vertebrae on AIS digital X-rays of experienced and novice observers and its correlation with the error in measuring the Cobb angle and determining the length of the scoliotic curves. Using the TraumaMeter v.873 software, eight raters (four experienced and four novices) independently evaluated 68 scoliotic curves on 42 AIS X-rays across three sessions one month apart according to Hopkins’ criteria of absolute reliability. Two spine specialist experts using the Cobb method established the gold standard measurements. The percentage of error in the selection of the cranial vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebra above the apex) is higher than in the caudal vertebrae (the most-tilted vertebrae below the apex) (44.7%, CI95% 41.05-48.3 compared to 35%, CI95% 29.7-40.4). The error in the choice of the most tilted vertebrae, in number of vertebrae per scoliotic curve, was MBE (mean bias error) =0.45, CI95% 0.38-0.52 in the cranial and MBE=0.35, CI% 0.69-0.91 in the caudal. The percentage of errors in the choice of boundary vertebrae is lower for the experienced than for the novices, both in cranial and caudal. The experienced chose at least one boundary vertebrae incorrectly in 52% of the meas-urements and the novices in 65.1%. The error in the Cobb angle did not depend on the number of boundary vertebrae chosen incorrectly (r=0.198, p=0.111). Of the 50% of Cobb angle measurements closest to the actual value, 55.4% (454) were obtained by incorrectly selecting at least one boundary vertebra. There was a positive correlation (r=0.673, p=0.000) between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves. The error in quantifying the length of scoliotic curves was MBE=0.43, CI95% 0.35-0.51 vertebrae per curve. We can conclude that errors in selecting boundary vertebrae are common among experienced and novice observers, with a greater frequency of error in the cranial vertebrae. There is no correlation between the error in selecting the boundary vertebrae and the error in measuring the Cobb angle. Contrary to the consensus, the accuracy of determining the length of the scoliotic curve is limited by the Cobb method’s reliance on the correct selection of boundary vertebrae. Inappropriate choice of boundary vertebrae leads to an estimated error in determining the length of the scoliotic curves of 0.805 vertebrae for each boundary vertebra chosen incorrectly.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1097.v1

Toxicity of Large and Small Surface-Engineered Upconverting Nanoparticles for In Vitro and In Vivo Bioapplications

Lucia Machová Urdzíková, Dana Mareková, Taras Vasylyshyn, Petr Matouš, Vitalii Patsula, Viktoriia Oleksa, Oleksandr Shapoval, Magda Vosmanská, David Liebl, Aleš Benda, Vít Herynek, Daniel Horák, Pavla Jendelová

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: upconverting nanoparticles; toxicity; biological applications

Online: 22 March 2024 (07:35:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1014.v1

Consumption of Tap Water and Sociodemographic-Associated Characteristics: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Jacopo Dolcini, Manuela Chiavarini, Elisa Ponzio, Giorgio Firmani, Marcello Mario D'Errico, Pamela Barbadoro

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Safe Water; Public Health; Sociodemographic characteristics; Environmental Health; Health out-comes

Online: 19 February 2024 (08:01:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0594.v1

Compensatory Modulation of Seed Storage Protein Synthesis and Starch Accumulation by Selective Editing of 13 kDa Prolamin Genes in Rice

Hue Anh Pham, Kyoungwon Cho, Anh Duc Tran, Deepanwita Chandra, Jinpyo So, Hanh Thi Thuy Nguyen, Hyunkyu Sang, Jong-Yeol Lee, Oksoo Han

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: prolamin; 13 kDa prolamin; glutelin; seed storage protein; CRISPR-Cas9; protein body; starch; rice seed; ER stress; differentially expressed genes

Online: 9 May 2024 (11:58:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0160.v2

NIH SenNet Consortium: Mapping Senescent Cells in the Human Body to Understand Health and Disease

Patty J Lee, Philip Blood, Katy Börner, Judith Campisi, Feng Chen, Heike Daldrup-Link, Phil De Jager, Li Ding, Francesca E. Duncan, Oliver Eickelberg, Rong Fan, Toren Finkel, Vesna Garovic, Nils Gehlenborg, Carolyn Glass, Ziv Bar-Joseph, Pragati Katiyar, So-Jin Kim, Melanie Königshoff, George Kuchel, Haesung Lee, Jun H. Lee, Jian Ma, Qin Ma, Simon Melov, Kay Metis, Ana L. Mora, Nicolas Musi, Nicola Neretti, João F. Passos, Irfan Rahman, Juan Carlos Rivera-Mulia, Paul Robson, Mauricio Rojas, Ananda L. Roy, Birgit Schilling, Pixu Shi, Jonathan Silverstein, Vidyani Suryadevera, Jichun Xie, Jinhua Wang, An-Kwok Ian Wong, Laura Niedernhofer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Cellular Senescence Network; Normal Aging; Senescence; Senescence-associated secretory phenotype; SenNet

Online: 15 September 2022 (12:52:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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