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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0480.v1

Ceramic-on-Metal Bearing in Total Hip Arthroplasty—Was It So Bad? A Narrative Review and a Critical Analysis of the Literature

Michela Saracco, Vincenzo Ciriello, Antonio Spinarelli, Giuseppe Solarino, Remo Goderecci, Giandomenico Logroscino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: ceramic-on- metal; hip replacement; hard-on-hard bearings

Online: 9 October 2023 (07:40:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0460.v1

Artificial Pasture Grazing System Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Gut Barrier Dysfunction, Liver Inflammation, and Metabolic Syndrome by Activating ALP-Dependent Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway

Qasim Ali, Sen Ma, Boshuai Liu, Ahsan Mustafa, Zhichang Wang, Hao Sun, Yalei Cui, Defeng Li, Yinghua Shi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Geese; Pasture grazing; Intestinal alkaline phosphatase; Lipopolysaccharides; Systemic inflammation; Keap1-Nrf2

Online: 9 October 2023 (07:32:41 CEST)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a major risk factor for the development of oxidation and inflammation. Ryegrass (pasture), a natural dietary fiber source, acts as an antioxidant with well-known anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aimed to examine the alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-dependent Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1- Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) signaling pathway that facilitates the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of pasture and its protective effects on ileal permeability, systemic inflammation, nutrient absorption, liver dysfunction, growth performance, intestinal organ development, and metabolic syndrome in commercial diet-challenged geese. The lipopolysaccharides (LPS), ALP, ROS, and tight junction proteins were determined from the ileum tissues, and the antioxidant enzymes, immunoglobulins, and metabolic syndrome were determined from liver tissues via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. While the Nrf2 and LPS/ROS/Keap1-induced inflammatory cytokines were determined by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method. The intestinal morphology was examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining to determine nutrient absorption in ileal tissues. Pasture-dependent ALP activity significantly ameliorated commercial diet-induced LPS and ROS-facilitated ileal barrier dysfunction and systemic inflammation. The pasture supplementation induced nutrient absorption by influencing intestinal organ development. Our biochemical assays showed that the activation of Nrf2 significantly increased antioxidant enzymes and immunoglobulins, and decreased Keap1 and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the liver tissues after pasture supplementation. The correlation analysis of ALP, LPS, ROS, and Keap1-Nrf2 pathway-dependent antioxidant enzymes with other host markers showed that pasture supplementation induced intestinal barrier function via reducing LPS/ROS-induced intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation in the ileum and liver tissues. Pasture intake might attenuate LPS/ROS-induced gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and metabolic syndrome and augment gut barrier functions, nutrient absorption, immunity, and growth performance, possibly by its Keap1-Nrf2 pathway-dependent antioxidant properties.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0307.v1

Modulation of Apoptosis by Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 Infection in Bovine Endometrial Cells and the Possible Role of LPS in this Process

Florencia Romeo, Santiago Delgado, Marisol Yavorsky, Lucia Martinez Cuesta, Susana Pereyra, Erika Gonzalez Altamiranda, Enrique Louge Uriarte, Sandra Perez, Andrea Verna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Bovine herpesvirus type 4; bovine endometrial primary culture cells; apoptosis

Online: 6 October 2023 (05:11:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0216.v1

Effect of L. crispatus M247 Administration on Pregnancy Out-comes in Women Undergoing IVF: a Controlled, Retrospective, Observational and Open-label Study

Francesco Di Pierro, Francesco Sinatra, Maddalena Cester, Lucia Da Ros, Mara Pistolato, Vania Da Parè, Laura Fabbro, Daniela Maccari, Silvia Dotto, Sara Sossai, Gemma Fabozzi, Alexander Bertuccioli, Massimiliano Cazzaniga, Martino Recchia, Nicola Zerbinati, Luigina Guasti, Andrea Baffoni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: vaginal microbiota; D3-embryos; D5-blastocysts; ICSI; FIVET; ART

Online: 4 October 2023 (09:32:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0094.v1

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Podo-virus BIS08P22 having a Unique Terminase Enzyme Representing a new Genus in Class Caudoviricetes

Sadia Sattar, Vincenzo Carbone, Zarrin Basharat, Nazish Bostan, Aamira Tariq, Sundus Javed, Inam Ullah, Sofia Khanum, Akasha Yaqoob, Ibrar Ahmed, Muhammad Athar Abbas, Syed Tahir Abbas Shah, Eric Altermann

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Podo virus; temperate phages; Short tail phages, novel phage terminase, Lederbergvirus

Online: 3 October 2023 (08:19:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2029.v1

From Health-in-all-policies to Climate-in-all-policies: using the synergies between Health Promotion and Climate Protection to Take Action

K. Viktoria Stein, Thomas Ernst Dorner

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: one health; health promotion; climate change; exercise; nutrition; health literacy; climate literacy; sustainability; social determinants

Online: 3 October 2023 (03:38:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0063.v1

Diagnostic Assessment in Wet and Dry Seasons of Simple Weirs Constructed by Small-scale Farmers in the Northern Region Provinces of Zambia

Alex Lushikanda KABWE, Masahiro HYODO, Hidehiro OGATA, Yoshihiro SAGAWA, Yoshinao ADACHI, Masayuki ISHII

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: ingle-line weir; small-scale irrigation; river diversion; rural areas; up-stream wa-ter level; emerging farmers

Online: 2 October 2023 (09:52:52 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2067.v1

Local Storytelling for a Climate-Friendly Future: An Evidence-Based Approach and First Prototyping Results from the Region of Lake Constance, Germany

Maike Sippel

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Climate communication; storytelling; public engagement; climate action; sustainability

Online: 30 September 2023 (10:19:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2068.v1

Demand-Oriented Review of Dynamic Energy Loss Monitoring System for Primary School Buildings through Micro-Environmental Data Monitoring and Occupant Behavior Analysis

Zhen Peng, Yanan Yu, Rui Guan

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: school buildings; building dynamic energy loss; microenvironment; occupants’ behavior

Online: 30 September 2023 (10:16:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2017.v1

RC Electrical Modelling of Black Hole. New Method to Calculate the Amount of Dark Matter and the Rotation Speed Curves in Galaxies

Hector Gerardo Flores, Maria Isabel Gonçalves de Souza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: RLC electrical model; RC electrical model; cosmology; background radiation; Hubble’s law; Boltzmann´s constant; dark energy; dark matter; black hole; Big Bang and cosmic inflation.

Online: 29 September 2023 (13:28:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2042.v1

An Analysis of the Impact of Religious Affiliation and Strength of Religiosity on Sexual Health Practices of Sexually Active Female College Students

Emily Glazer, Emma Valdez, Justin A. DeBlauw, Stephen Ives

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Sexual health; contraceptives; religion; social determinants

Online: 29 September 2023 (08:28:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2058.v1

Effects of Total Flavonoids from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. on Fermentation Quality, Antioxidant Status and Microbial Community of Caragana korshinskii Kom. Silage

Shuai Huang, Can Wen Ke, Qiang Lu, Fei Long Gao, Dong Xiao Zhou, Yan Cheng Ma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Caragana korshinskii Kom.; flavonoids; Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.; fermentation quality; antioxidant status; microbial community

Online: 29 September 2023 (04:26:21 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1957.v1

SALIQ in Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Repurposed Multidrug Regimen to Augment Standard Treatments by Adding Simvastatin, All Trans Retinoic Acid, Lithium, Itraconazole, and Quercetin

Richard E. Kast, Mohamed S. Zaghloul, Iacopo Sardi, Marc-Eric Halatsch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: chemotherapy; repurposed drugs; rhabdomyosarcoma

Online: 28 September 2023 (07:39:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1376.v1

Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021-2022

Ueric José Borges de Souza, Ygor da Silva Miranda Macedo, Raíssa Nunes dos Santos, Franciano Dias Pereira Cardoso, Jucimária Dantas Galvão, Evgeni Evgeniev Gabev, Ana Cláudia Franco, Paulo Michel Roehe, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Fabrício Souza Campos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: DENV; Genomic surveillance; Epidemiology; molecular clock; SNPs; arboviruses

Online: 20 September 2023 (10:42:22 CEST)

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The dengue virus (DENV) is an arbovirus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; the species comprises four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV–1, DENV–2, DENV–3, and DENV–4), which are further subdivided into genotypes. The virus is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites, primarily from the Aedes spp. genus. Dengue is endemic in various parts of the world, including tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Latin America, Africa, and Oceania. In Brazil, the state of Tocantins, located in north-central Brazil, has experienced a significant number of arboviral disease cases, particularly dengue. This study aimed to monitor DENV circulation within the state by conducting full genome sequencing of viral genomes recovered from 61 patients between June 2021 and July 2022. During this period, both DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes were identified. Our findings confirm the circulation of DENV serotypes 1 and 2 in Tocantins, affecting males and females equally, with younger age groups (4 to 43 years old) being the most susceptible. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating viruses belong to DENV–1 genotype V American and DENV–2 genotype III Southeast Asian/American. The Bayesian analysis of DENV-1 Genotype V sequenced here is closely related to genomes previously sequenced in the state of São Paulo. Regarding DENV-2 genotype III genomes, these are clustered in a distinct, well-supported subclade, along with previously reported isolates from the states of Goiás and São Paulo. In both cases, our results suggest that multiple introductions of these genotypes occurred in the Tocantins state. This observation highlights the significant impact of major population centers in Brazil on virus dispersion, including other Latin-American countries and the USA. In the SNP analysis, DENV-1 displayed 122 distinct missense mutations, while DENV-2 had 44, with significant mutations predominantly occurring in the envelope and NS5 proteins. The analyses performed here reveal the concomitant circulation of distinct DENV-1 and -2 genotypes in some Brazilian states, underscoring the dynamic evolution of the DENV and the ongoing significance of surveillance efforts in supporting public health policies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1300.v1

Is There a Risk for Semaglutide Misuse? Focus on the Food and Drug Administration-FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) Pharmacovigilance Dataset

Stefania Chiappini, Rachel Vickers-Smith, Daniel Harris, Duccio G. Petellier Papanti, John M. Corkery, Amira Guirguis, Giovanni Martinotti, Stefano L. Sensi, Fabrizio Schifano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: semaglutide; drug misuse; drug abuse; pharmacovigilance; image- and performance-enhancing (IPED) drugs; glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists

Online: 20 September 2023 (05:05:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1037.v1

Evaluation of Standard M10 Assay for Rapid Molecular Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Azwani Abdullah, I-Ching Sam, Yin Jie Ong, Chun Hao Theo, Muhammad Harith Pukhari, Yoke Fun Chan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus; influenza A virus; influenza B virus; SARS-CoV-2; rapid RT-PCR; diagnostic accuracy; point-of-care testing

Online: 15 September 2023 (05:38:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0982.v1

Cultivated Land Green Use Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of 39 Cities in the Yangtze River Basin of China

Qiaowen Lin, Siran Bai, Rui Qi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: CLGUE; kernel density estimation; geographic detector method; Yangtze River Basin; regional differences

Online: 14 September 2023 (11:23:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0866.v1

Validation of the Histological Diagnosis of Hydatidiform Moles with p57KIP2 Immunophenotyping at the University Teaching Hospitals of Kigali and Butare (CHUK, CHUB)

Habanabakize Thomas, Ntirushwa David, Manirakiza Felix, Uwineza Annette, Rugwizangoga Belson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: hydatidiform mole; histology; p57KIP2 immunohistochemistry; histomorphology; Rwanda

Online: 13 September 2023 (09:39:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0856.v1

A Review on Five and Six-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds Targeting the Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 (PBP2A) of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Shraddha Ambade, Vivek Kumar Gupta, RItesh P Bhole, Pramod B Khedekar, Rupesh V Chikhale

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a); Mur enzymes; heterocycles; High-throughput screenings; transpeptidation

Online: 13 September 2023 (09:01:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0812.v1

Effect of Body Weight Gain During Cashmere Non-Growing Period on Cashmere Production Performance and Secondary Hair Follicle Activity of Cashmere Goats

Junxia Li, Wenhui Xing, Dong He, Xinming Duan, Yatu Ji, Tana Gegen, Chunxiang Zhang, Youshe Ren, Chunhe Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: cashmere goat; cashmere non-growing period; body weight gain; secondary hair follicle activity; cashmere production performance

Online: 13 September 2023 (03:08:00 CEST)

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of body weight gain during the cashmere non-growing period on cashmere production performance and secondary hair follicle activity, to provide a theoretical basis for appropriate supplementary feeding of cashmere goats. Fifty Inner Mongolian cashmere goats aged 2-4 years old were randomly selected and weighed in May and September 2019, respectively. Based on body weight gain between the two weights, the experi-mental ewe goats were divided into two groups: 0-5.0 kg group (n = 30) and 5.0-10.0 kg group (n = 20). Skin samples and cashmere samples were collected. Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that body weight gain during the cashmere non-growing period had a moderate and strong positive correlation with cashmere yield (P = 0.021) and cashmere staple length (P = 0.002) respectively, but did not correlate with cashmere diameter (P = 0.254). Compared with cashmere goats with a body weight gain of 0-5.0 kg, cashmere goats with a body weight gain of 5.0-10.0 kg had a 17.10% increment in cashmere yield (P = 0.037), 8.09% increase in cashmere staple length (P=0.045) and had no significant difference in cashmere diameter (P = 0.324). Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation between body weight gain and the population of active secondary hair follicles in the skin of cashmere goats (P < 0.01). Compared with cashmere goats with a body weight gain of 0-5.0 kg, cashmere goats with a body weight gain of 5.0-10.0 kg had an increase in the population of active secondary hair follicles (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the body weight gain during the cashmere non-growing period had a sig-nificant effect on secondary hair follicle activity and cashmere production performance in cash-mere goats. Since body weight gain reflects nutritional level to a certain extent, this study suggests that nutritional manipulations such as supplementary feeding during cashmere non-growing periods can increase cashmere production performance. However, specific nutritional manipula-tions during the cashmere non-growing period need further research to increase cashmere pro-duction performance.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0745.v1

Debris Flow Prediction in Mountainous Terrain Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study of Al-Hada Road, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Talal Alharbi, Abdelbaset S. El-Sorogy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: debris flow; remote sensing; Geographic Information System; weighted overlay analysis; Saudi Arabia

Online: 12 September 2023 (09:00:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0739.v1

Short-Term Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Cattle Slurry for Silage Maize: Effects of Placement and the Nitrification Inhibitor 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate (DMPP)

Arezoo Taghizadeh-Toosi, Khagendra Raj Baral, Peter Sørensen, Søren O. Petersen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Slurry application method; silage maize; nitrous oxide emissions; mineral nitrogen; nitrification inhibitor

Online: 12 September 2023 (07:24:27 CEST)

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Cattle slurry is an important nitrogen source for maize on dairy farms. Slurry injection is an effective measure to reduce ammonia emissions after field application, but with higher risk of nitrous oxide emission than surface application. This study compared soil mineral nitrogen dynamics and nitrous oxide emissions with two ways of application. First, traditional injection at 25 cm spacing between rows followed by ploughing (called “non-placed slurry”), and second, injection using a new so-called goosefoot slurry injector that placed the slurry in ploughed soil as a c. 30 cm broad band at 10 cm depth below maize crop rows with 75 cm spacing (named “placed slurry”). Furthermore, the effect of treating slurry with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in Vizura® was tested with both application methods. The field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil in a temperate climate. Both nitrous oxide emissions, and the dynamics of soil mineral nitrogen, were monitored for eight weeks after slurry application and seeding of maize using static chambers. The level of nitrous oxide emissions was higher with non-placed compared to placed slurry, mainly due to higher emissions during the first four weeks. That might be due to higher rates of nitrification rate and in turn stimulation of denitrification process. In both placed and non-placed slurry treatments, Vizura® caused higher soil ammonium concentrations and lower nitrate concentrations, particularly from 3 to 8 weeks after slurry application. The final level of soil nitrate was similar with and without the nitrification inhibitor, but higher with placed compared to non-placed slurry. Adding Vizura® to non-placed slurry reduced nitrous oxide emissions by 70 % when compared to placed slurry. Surprisingly, there was a non-significant trend towards higher cumulative emissions from placed slurry with the nitrification inhibitor compared to untreated slurry, which were due to higher emissions in the last part of the monitoring period (5-7 weeks after slurry application). Possibly degradation of the nitrification inhibitor, and nitrification activity inside the slurry band as the soil dried, promoted nitrous oxide emissions by this time. In summary, placement of untreated slurry in a broad band under maize seeds reduced nitrous oxide emissions compared to non-placed slurry with more soil contact. A comparable reduction was achieved by adding a nitrification inhibitor to non-placed slurry. The pattern of nitrous oxide emissions from placed slurry treated with the inhibitor was complex and requires more investigation.

Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0606.v1

Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, the Effect of Chemical Composition before and after Fermentation of Gastrodia Tuder Halimasch Powder Was Compared

Yaning Wu, Hongwei Zhang, Zhenling Zhang, Jianguang Zhu, Songbo Ma, Yongqi Zhao, Yiming Wang, Jun Yuan, Xing Guo, Yajing Li, Shuai Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: gastrodia tuder halimasch powder; ultra high performance liquid chromatography tan- 34 dem quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry; stoichiometry; fer- 35 mentation processing

Online: 8 September 2023 (12:39:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0301.v1

Theory of the Generalization of the Boltzmann’s Constant in Curved Space-Time. Shannon-Boltzmann Gibbs Entropy Relation and the Effective Boltzmann’s Constant

Hector Gerardo Flores, Maria Isabel Gonçalvez de Souza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: RLC electrical model; RC electrical model; cosmology; background radiation; Hubble’s law; Boltzmann´s constant; dark energy; dark matter; black hole; Big Bang and cosmic inflation, statistical physics, astronomy, astrophysics and condensed matter physics.

Online: 6 September 2023 (03:24:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0338.v1

Understanding the Interactions of Climate and Land Use Changes with Runoff Components in Spatial-Temporal Dimensions in the Upper Chi Basin, Thailand

Rattana Hormwichian, Siwa Kaewplang, Anongrit Kangrang, Jirawat Supakosol, Kowit Boonrawd, Krit Sriworamat, Sompinit Muangthong, Songphol Songsaengrit, Haris Prasanchum

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: climate change; land use change; QSWAT; runoff components; Upper Chi Basin

Online: 5 September 2023 (14:50:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0273.v1

Structure and High-Temperature Oxidation Properties of an Al-Co-Y diffusion Coating prepared on TiAl-Nb alloy at a Low Temperature

Xuan Li, Zekun Wei, Wei Lv, Lijing Zhang, Fuhua Liu, Xiaoqing Xie, Sheng Lai, Xuyi Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: TiAl alloy; Pack cementation; Coating structure; Coating formation process; High-temperature oxidation

Online: 5 September 2023 (08:17:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0110.v1

Plasmid-Mediated Genes Were Responsible for the Resistance and Spread of Metallo Beta-Lactamase (MBL)-Producing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates in Poultry Milieus

Chika Ejikeugwu, Carissa Duru, Euslar Onu, Emmanuel Nwakaeze, Cyril Adonu, Ndidiamaka Okorie, Nonye Ujam, Ijeoma Ebenebe, Theodora Mba, Anthonia Mba, Chika Ezeador, Chijioke Edeh, Malachy Ugwu, Michael Adikwu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Gram negative bacteria; multidrug resistance; plasmids; carbapenemase; carbapenems; mobile genetic elements (MGEs)

Online: 4 September 2023 (07:17:41 CEST)

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Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a public health menace that needs urgent efforts to mitigate and forestall their transmission in the general environment. Plasmid-mediated metallo beta-lactamase (MBL) gives bacteria an exceptional ability to transmit resistance genes. This study investigated plasmid-mediated resistance in MBL P. aeruginosa isolates from poultry food chain settings. Cloacal swab samples (n=120) were bacteriologically analyzed for the isolation of P. aeruginosa isolates. Susceptibility studies were performed by the CLSI guideline using selected antibiotics. MBL was phenotypically detected using modified Hodges test, and confirmed using PCR technique. Plasmid curing studies detected the presence of plasmids in the isolates. P. aeruginosa isolates (n=48) showed high levels of reduced susceptibility to cefoxitin (93.8%), imipenem (81.3%), gentamicin (85.4%), amikacin (85.4%), nitrofurantoin (83.3%), ofloxacin (72.9%) and cefotaxime (77.1%). MBL was phenotypically detected in 7 (14%) isolates of P. aeruginosa. The presence of blaIMP-1 and blaIMP-2 MBL genes in P. aeruginosa (n=5) isolates was confirmed by PCR. The PCR did not detect blaVIM-1 and blaVIM-2 MBL genes. The P. aeruginosa isolates were multidrug resistant, with about 50% of the isolates showing multidrug resistance (MDR) to the antibiotics. The genes for MDR in the P. aeruginosa isolates were borne on plasmids, indicating a high possibility of community transmission of MBL resistance genes. Finally, the P. aeruginosa isolates from poultry food chain milieus are multidrug resistant, produce MBL, and harbour their resistance genes on plasmids. Since many antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria are associated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids, it is important to step up actions to mitigate incessant use of antibiotics in poultry and other agricultural practices in Nigeria in order to diminish the evolution and spread of plasmid-mediated resistance which is capable of initiating community acquired infections that may prove difficult to treat in our hospitals with the available antibiotics.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2142.v1

A Mouse Model of Low Adipocyte Transferrin Recapitulates the Phenotype of a Human Genetic Polymorphism Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Transferrin Expression

Felipe R Lorenzo, Swapan K Das, Alexandra V Harrison, Sandy Sink, Donald A McClain

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Transferrin; Iron; Adipocyte; Insulin Resistance; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Online: 31 August 2023 (07:14:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2012.v1

EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) and Other Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Assessment of Glandular Dysfunction in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

Eon Jeong Nam, Hirut Yadeta Ture, Na Ri Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Sjogren’s syndrome; ESSPRI; patient-reported outcomes; ClinTrialsESSDAI, glandular dysfunction

Online: 30 August 2023 (08:13:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1992.v1

University-Business Collaboration for the Design, Development and Delivery of Critical Thinking Blended Apprenticeships Curricula: Lessons Learned from a Three-Year Project

Hugo Rebelo, Panagiota Christodoulou, Rita Payan-Carreira, Daniela Dumitru, Elena Mäkiö, Juho Mäkiö, Dimitrios Pnevmatikos

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: university business collaboration; critical thinking; curriculum co-design, development and delivery; employability; research project; labour market; higher education; soft skills

Online: 30 August 2023 (04:07:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1977.v1

Ebola Virus Infection of Liver Cells: Effect of Interferon Gamma on Virus Infection of Primary Kupffer Cells and a Kupffer Cell Line

José A. Aguilar-Briseño, Jonah M. Elliff, J. J. Patten, Lindsay R. Wilson, Robert A. Davey, Adam L. Bailey, Wendy J. Maury

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Macrophage; Kupffer cell; interferon gamma; Ebola virus; filovirus

Online: 29 August 2023 (14:17:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1650.v1

The Molecular Characterization of Lineage-IV Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus and the Development of In-House IELISA for Its Rapid Detection

Tahira Kamal Rana, Saeed-ul-Hassan Khan, Fariha Hassan, Aamer Bin Zahur, Aman Ullah, S. Murtaza Hassan Andrabi, Ghulam Muhammad Ali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: IELISA; PPRV; RT-PCR; Cost-effective

Online: 23 August 2023 (10:08:12 CEST)

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Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), a highly contagious viral disease, causes significant economic losses in sheep and goats. Laboratory diagnosis is crucial to disease control and eradication. Since PPRVs have recently adopted new hosts, genetic diversity within isolates of the same lineage is more likely than if they were host-specific, sheep and goats most often. ELISA detects antibodies and antigens in serology. However, mishandling, environmental conditions (temperature and humidity), storage, and sensitivity issues of commercially available ELISA kits prevent rapid PPR virus detection in third-world countries like Pakistan. In the 2020-21 outbreaks in Pakistan, 325 blood samples, 19 swabs, and 6 virus tissue samples of sheep and goats were collected from Gilgit, Islamabad, and Fateh Jang. These virus isolates were submitted to NCBI for partial N gene sequencing. Antigen was prepared from indigenous virus Using semi-purified antigen from PPRV, an indirect ELISA for the detection of PPR antibodies in goat and sheep serum was developed using MW600922 grown in Vero cells. Dilutions of 1:200 serums and 1:32 antigens improve antibody detection. The N-gene-based analysis revealed a better understanding of PPRV genetic characterization. This study develops an RT-PCR assay to detect PPRV by targeting the N-protein gene. This assay offers an accurate and affordable diagnostic tool for PPRV and partial genome sequencing. Results described that PPRV isolates from the current study have 99.73% and 99.4% similarity to previously published Lahore and Faisalabad isolates from Pakistan, respectively. Compared to previous isolates from NCBI data, the virus showed high divergence rates with the Turkish strain. The comparative analysis between Commercial kit (c-ELISA) and I-ELISA revealed that the former had a high sensitivity of 90.60% and specificity of 85.23% compared with the cELISA kit. By comparing I-ELISA and VNT, we find that the current assay is 100% specific and 82.14 % sensitive. Based on these results, serological surveys for PPR antibodies, on a larger scale, in small ruminants can be conducted with indirect ELISA rather than competitive ELISA. Furthermore, the cost and storage efficiency was highly significant because the currently developed method has a low production cost, which is much lesser than the commercially available kit. Our findings demonstrated a significant breakthrough in terms of cost-effectiveness and storage efficiency, and they are highly recommended for developing countries.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1559.v1

Unveiling the Potential of Weak Partial Discharges: Enhancing Defect Recognition through Extended Measurement Duration and CNN-Based Analysis from PDIV to PDEV

Chien-Hsun Chen, Chih-Ju Chou

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: convolutional neural networks; defect recognition; partial discharge measurement durations; epoxy resin; PRPD.

Online: 23 August 2023 (07:33:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1217.v2

Cissus antractica -ZnO NPs Induce Apoptosis in A549 Cells through ROS-Mediated p53/Bcl-2/Bax Signaling Pathways and Inhibit Inflammatory Cytokines

Eshrat Jahan Rupa, Jinnatun Nahar, Md. Al-Amin, Jin-Kyu Park, Mohanapriya Murugesan, Muhammad Awais, Seung Jin Lee, Il Mun Kim, Li Ling, Deok Chun Yang, Dong Uk Yang, Seok-Kyu Jung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Cissus antractica; ZnO NPs; anti-lung cancer; anti-inflammation; apoptosis

Online: 22 August 2023 (09:32:04 CEST)

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Green products have excellent potential for discovering and producing new medicinal products. In recent years, there is a growing interest towards the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles, particularly from plants sources. This eco-friendly approach was used in the recent research to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Cissus antractica plant. The present study aims to examine the cell cytotoxicity, cell death, and pathways of apoptosis in lung cancer cells (A549) and inflammation properties treated with biosynthesized ZnO NPs. Additionally, synthe-sized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The XRD and TEM analyses exhibited 31 nm as the size of synthesized nanoparticles, the pure crystal form of ZnO NPs, and the shape of the NPs as nearly spherical and hexagonal quartzite. The MTT assay used for cytotoxicity evaluation de-picted the significant toxic effect of CA-ZnONPs against the A549 lung cancer cells at concentra-tions up to 20 µg/mL than non-cancerous cells. Furthermore, we observed an elevated ROS level in cancer cells. These NPs also demonstrated dose-dependent ability to suppress colony for-mation and cell migration, which increases their potential as a lung cancer treatment. Further-more, The NPs formulation's ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells was further supported by Hoechst and propidium iodide dye. Further, CA ZnO NPs increased the gene expression of BAX, Cyto-c, Caspase 3 and 9, but decreased the expression of Bcl-2, indicating that the nanoformulation triggered mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Besides, this study showed that NPs suppressed in-flammatory responses by subsequently decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, downregulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, IL-8, and NO. Moreover, the study's findings imply that Cissus antractica are a potential source with biosynthesize nanoparticles that can might be further investigated for the progress of an-ti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drugs with further study.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1446.v1

Genetic Association of UMOD Gene Variant (16:20353266A>G) and Bioinformatics Analyses of the Uromodulin Protein in CKD Patients of Pakistani Origin

Mehmoona Zahid, Rashid Saif, Amna Younus, Mehnaz Ghulam Hussain, Sadia Jabeen, Hooria Younas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: UMOD; CKD; Creatinine; Urea; eGFR; Uromodulin; Genotyping; ARMS-PCR

Online: 22 August 2023 (02:34:34 CEST)

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the worldwide health threats, kidneys may be affected by internal pathologies and environmental factors as well as a number of genes are also involved in the kidney dysfunctioning, so UMOD is one of these genes which has significant effect in regulating urea and creatinine level in blood and decreased excretion of uric acid which causes interstitial damages in kidney and may result CKD. Hence, the present study is envisaged to observe the association of this gene locus (r.1264T>C) with CKD in Pakistani population using ARMS-PCR genotyping, for the purpose, a total of 75 samples were investigated, out of which 45 were found homozygous wild-type, 21 heterozygous and 09 homozygous mutants. PLINK data analysis toolset showed that our sampled population does not obeys Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium by χ² (2, N = 75) = 18.87, p = and Chi-square statistics with p = 1.40×10^-005showing a significant genotypic association with the subject phenotype with an alternative allele frequency of 0.15 and 0.48 within cases & controls respectively. Furthermore, an odds-ratio of 0.2 predicts that the risk of wild-type allele (A) is 0.8 times higher in patient as compared to controls and mutant allele is 0.2 times preventive in patients. Additionally, a few bioinformatics tools e.g., ProtParam, PsiPred, TMHMM-2.0, Motif Scan, ScanProsite, NetPhos3.1, GPS PAIL2.0, NetOGlyc4.0, PRmePRed, PDB-RCSB and STRING were applied to predict different characteristics of Uromodulin protein including physicochemical properties, secondary/transmembrane structures, protein conserved domains and posttranslational modifications respectively. This pilot scale study provided a comprehensive insight of the association of aforementioned genetic variant with CKD to identify and evaluate the genetic risk factors along with functional effects of the subject variant which may be used as CKD prevention by adopting DNA screening and genetic counselling recommendations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1371.v1

Using Deep Neural Network Methods for Forecasting Energy Productivity Based on Comparison of Simulation and DNN Results for Central Poland – Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship

Michał Pikus, Jarosław Wąs

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: AI; Forecasting; RES

Online: 18 August 2023 (11:49:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1352.v1

Oral Iron Absorption of Ferric Citrate Hydrate and Hepcidin-25 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Riona-Oral Iron Absorption Trial

Naohisa Tomosugi, Yoshitaka Koshino, Chie Ogawa, Kunimi Maeda, Noriaki Shimada, Kimio Tomita, Shoichiro Daimon, Tsutomu Shikano, Kazuyuki Ryu, Toru Takatani, Kazuya Sakamoto, Satonori Ueyama, Daisuke Nagasaku, Masato Nakamura, Shibun Ra, Masataka Nishimura, Chieko Takagi, Yoji Ishii, Noritoshi Kudo, Shinsuke Takechi, Takashi Ishizu, Takamoto Yanagawa, Masamichi Fukuda, Yutaka Nitta, Takayuki Yamaoka, Taku Saito, Suzuko Imayoshi, Momoyo Omata, Joji Oshima, Akira Onozaki, Hiroaki Ichihashi, Yasuhisa Matsushima, Hisahito Takae, Ryoichi Nakazawa, Koichi Ikeda, Masato Tsuboi, Keiko Konishi, Shouzaburo Kato, Maki Ooura, Masaki Koyama, Tsukasa Naganuma, Makoto Ogi, Shigeyuki Katayama, Toshiaki Okumura, Shigemi Kameda, Sayuri Shirai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: oral iron absorption; ferric citrate hydrate; hemodialysis; hepcidin-25; iron shift

Online: 18 August 2023 (11:20:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1244.v1

Assessing the Impact of Data Sciences and Smart Technologies in Air Conditioning Project Management: A Delphi Method Analysis within the Construction Industry

Bashar Mahmood Ali, Mehmet Akkaş

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Intelligent Data Analyzing; energy consumption; thermal comfort; inclusion; exclusion criteria; Delphi method

Online: 18 August 2023 (10:45:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1332.v1

Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Oncogenesis between Active Expression and Latency: A Possible Source for the Development of Therapeutic Targets

Francesca Marino-Merlo, Sandro Grelli, Antonio Mastino, Michele Lai, Paola Ferrari, Andrea Nicolini, Mauro Pistello, Beatrice Macchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: HTLV-1; adult T-cell leukemia; viral oncogenesis; Tax; HBZ; apoptosis

Online: 18 August 2023 (09:41:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1276.v1

Monitoring Spatiotemporal Changes of Urban Surface Water Based on Satellite Imagery and Google Earth Engine Platform in Dhaka City From 1990-2021

Md. Jakir Hossain, Md. Munir Mahmud, Sheikh Tawhidul Islam

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Urban Surface Water; Spatiotemporal Changes; Satellite Imagery; Google Earth Engine (GEE)

Online: 17 August 2023 (08:46:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1246.v1

Identification of Damage in Planar Multi-Storey Reinforced Concrete Frames Developing a Beam-Sway Plastic Mechanism Using the “M and P” Technique

Triantafyllos K. Makarios, Athanasios P. Bakalis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Damage identification; instantaneous eigen-frequencies diagram; pushover capacity curve; nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures; seismic target-displacement; beam-sway plastic mechanism

Online: 17 August 2023 (05:25:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1002.v2

High Sensitivity for Detection of Primary Diagnostic Variants in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Including De Novo Variants, with Trio Whole Genome Sequencing and Data Reanalysis

Omri Bar, Elizabeth Vahey, Mark Mintz, Richard Eugene Frye, Richard Gregory Boles

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: autism; diagnostic yield; DNA sequencing; novel disorders

Online: 10 October 2023 (05:00:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0950.v1

Snow Cover Variability in Brunswick Peninsula, Patagonia, Derived from a Combination of Spectral Fusion, Mixture Analysis and Temporal Interpolation of MODIS Data

Francisco Aguirre, Deniz Bozkurt, Tobias Sauter, Jorge Carrasco, Christoph Schneider, Ricardo Jaña, Gino Casassa

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: snow cover; downscaling; Patagonia; spatio-temporal

Online: 14 August 2023 (08:53:11 CEST)

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Seasonal snow cover is a fundamental component of both the global energy budget and the water cycle. Its properties such as fractional snow cover or albedo are particularly affected by climate change. Several methods based on satellite data products are available to estimate these properties, each one with its pros and cons. This work presents a novel methodology that integrates three indexes applied to MODIS satellite data (Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA), Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and Melt Area Detection Index (MADI)), to perform a spatio-temporal reconstruction of the fractional snow cover and albedo at 250 m spatial resolution in the Brunswick Peninsula, southwest Patagonia during the cold season (April-October) for the period 2000-2020. Three main steps are included: (1) the increase of the spatial resolution of MODIS (MOD09) data to 250 m using a spectral fusion technique; (2) the snow-cloud discrimination; (3) the daily spatio-temporal reconstruction of snow extent and its albedo signature with subpixel detection using the endmembers extraction and spectral mixture analysis. The results show a 98% agreement between MODIS snow detection and ground-based snow measurement at the automatic weather station Tres Morros (53.3174 °S, 71.2790 °W), with fractional snow cover values between 20% and 50%, showing a close relationship between snow and vegetation type. The number of snow days compiled from the MODIS data indicates a good performance (Pearson correlation of 0.9) compared with the number of skiing days at Cerro Mirador ski centre near Punta Arenas. Although the number of seasonal snow days show a significant increase trend of 0.54 days/year in Brunswick Peninsula during the 2000-2020 period a significant decreasing trend of -4.64 days/year was detected during 2010-2020, and also below the 400 m a.s.l. elevation, which is the most affected area. A reconstruction of the monthly mean temperature using the ERA5 Land reanalysis product shows a significant warming trend in May (0.068 ºC/year) and October (0.098 ºC/year) in the 2000-2020 period. Under the future emission scenario RCP8.5, the regional climate model RegCM4 predicts further warming during 2020-2050 of 0.059 ºC/year in July, 0.088 ºC/year in August, and 0.019 ºC/year in October, which will further reduce snow cover.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0916.v1

A Review of Isolation and Mechanism of the Crude Enzyme Chi-Tosanase for Chitosan Hydrolysis in the Production of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (COS)

Aris Munandar, Emma Rochima, Camellia Panatarani, Rida Oktarida Khastini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: chitin; fishery waste; microorganism; oligomers; polysaccharides

Online: 11 August 2023 (10:11:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0811.v1

Therapeutic Effect of Nepenthes kampotiana Lecomte Ethanol Extract (Nk-EE) on Androgenic Alopecia through the Inhibition of Apoptosis and 5a-Reductase Activity

Dong Seon Kim, Won Young Jang, Sang Hee Park, Ji Hye Yoon, Chae Yun Shin, Lei Huang, Kry Masphal, Chhang Phourin, Hye-Woo Byun, Jino Son, Ga Ryun Kim, Byoung-Hee Lee, Jong-Hoon Kim, Jongsung Lee, Jae Youl Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Alopecia areata; Nepenthes Kampotiana Lecomte; 5a-reductase; testosterone

Online: 10 August 2023 (10:48:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0661.v1

Cervical Pessary in Preterm Birth Prevention among Singleton Pregnant Women with a Short Cervix and Obtuse Uterocervical Angle: A Quasi-experimental Study

Thi Hoang Trang Nguyen, Van Tam Vu, Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: uterocervical angle; cervical pessary; preterm birth; singleton pregnancy

Online: 8 August 2023 (11:21:49 CEST)

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(1) Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of cervical pessary for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnant women with a cervical length (CL) ≤25 mm and a uterocervical angle (UCA) ≥95o and ≥105o. (2) Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 225 singleton pregnant women with a gestational age of 16+o-23+6 weeks and transvaginal ultrasound CL measurements ≤25 mm, whose pregnancy was man-aged at the Haiphong Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vietnam, from September 2020 to September 2022. Participants were allocated into two groups: prophylactic treatment with progesterone (123 pregnant women) and combined with a cervical pessary (102 pregnant women). The UCAs measured via transvaginal ultrasound by a single sonographer were divided into groups with UCA measurements ≥95o and ≥105o. The gestational age at birth was classified into full-term and preterm <37 weeks and <34 weeks. A binary regression model assessed the association between CL, UCA, and pre-term birth outcomes. The difference was statistically significant, with p<0.05. (3) Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of preterm birth <37 weeks and <34 weeks between the two groups (16.3% vs. 11.8% and 6.5% vs. 4.9%, p>0.05). The probability of preterm birth <37 weeks in the group of pregnant women with a UCA ≥95o treated via cervical pessary plus progesterone decreased by 60.6%, OR (95% CI) of 0.394 (0.165-0.941), p<0.05. In the group of pregnant women with a UCA ≥105o, there was a significant association in the group of progesterone treatment combined with a cervical pessary, with the lower rate of PTB <37 weeks and <34 weeks, with OR (95% CI) of 0.028 (0.005-0.146), p<0.001, and 0.141 (0.030-0.664), p<0.05, respectively. (4) Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cervical pessary is beneficial to the prevention of preterm birth in singleton pregnant women with an obtuse uterocervical angle. Further randomized studies among pregnant women with obtuse uterocervical angles will be needed to clarify the role of a cervical pessary in preventing preterm birth.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0489.v1

Hepato-Renal Protective Potential of Dimethyl Fumarate in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice Model by Modulating of Sirt1, Nrf2 and Inflammatory Genes Expressions

Parisa Saberi Hasanabadi, Fatemeh Shaki, Mohammad Karami, Abouzar Bagheri, Mohammad Ranaee, Ramin Ataee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: diabetes; dimethyl fumarate; alloxan; anti-inflammatory responses; hepato-renal-protective effects

Online: 7 August 2023 (10:13:40 CEST)

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Background: Despite advances in diabetes-related treatments, the effects of the disease have not yet been adequately reversed or prevented in patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more effective medication-assisted treatments in this field. Methods: In this study, type 1 diabetes mice models was established using multiple low-dose alloxan, and the diabetic mice were treated with three doses of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) i.e low, medium, and high viz. 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg, respectively for a period of 21 days. Then, specific test were done to evaluate blood biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory genes expression, and histopathological changes in the mice kidney and liver. Results: The obtained results showed remarkably improved anti-diabetic, hepato-renal-protective, and oxidative stress indexes of DMF in alloxan-induced diabetic mice (p< 0.001). Treated mice with DMF demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in blood glucose levels when compared with diabetic group (p< 0.001). Diabetic liver and kidney tissues showed marked dilation of bile ducts, tubules, infiltration, and inflammation. On the contrary, the histological features of the treated mice with DMF improve as shown by normal size of glomerular capillaries along with decrease in less dilatation of ducts in comparison with diabetic mice. The real-time quantitative PCR results indicated that DMF injection decreased the alloxan-induced increase of significant elevations in mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules such as TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB levels in both kidney and liver tissues. Meanwhile, mice treated with DMF showed an increase in Sirt1 and Nrf2 expression in comparison to diabetic group. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be concluded that DMF treatment provides hepato-renal protective effects on alloxan-induced diabetic mice model by attenuating ROS inflammatory pathways. Keywords: Diabetes, Dimethyl fumarate, Alloxan, Anti-inflammatory responses, Hepato-renal-protective effects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0357.v1

Polyphenols Analysis by LC-MS-ESI and Potent Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial Activities of Jatropha multifida L. Extracts Used in Benin Pharmacopoeia

Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon, Michaelle Chokki, Essé A Agossou, Jean-Baptiste Houédanou, Martial Nounagnon, Haziz Sina, Romana Vulturar, Simona Codruta Heghes, Angela Cozma, Jacques François Mavoungou, Adriana Fodor, Farid Baba-Moussa, Ramona Suharoschi, Lamine Baba-Moussa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Plant extract; LC-MS-ESI; Bioactif compound; Biological activities; Benin

Online: 4 August 2023 (07:41:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0381.v1

[Bis(quinoline)palladium (II) Chloride] as an Anticancer Drug Demonstrates Promising Activity on Its Own and in the Presence of 6-Shogaol

Md Nur Alam, Muhammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad, Jun Qing Yu, Philip Beale, Nicholas Proschogo, Farjana Akter Rupon, Masum Shahriar, Fazlul Huq

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cancer; palladium; quinoline; curcumin; 6-shogaol; proteomics

Online: 4 August 2023 (07:24:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0248.v1

Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Oxidative Stress- And Lipid Parameters in Women Diagnosed With Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (LSIL)

Anja Divković, Zinaida Karasalihović, Ivana Rumora Samarin, Damir Sabitović, Kristina Radić, Nikolina Golub, Lovorka Vujić, Marija Grdić Rajković, Dubravka Vitali Čepo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: alpha lipoic acid; lipid status parameters; oxidative stress parameters; LSIL, diet quality index

Online: 3 August 2023 (10:16:22 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0285.v1

Impact of Treatment with Ustekinumab in Severe Infections in a Patient with Uncontrolled Psoriasis and Late-Onset Combined Primary Immunodeficiency: Case Report

Luiz Euribel Prestes-Carneiro, Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de Abreu, Eduardo Vinicius Mendes Roncada, Diego Garcia Muchon, Fernanda Miranda Caliani, Dewton Moraes Vasconcelos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: late-onset combined immunodeficiency; psoriasis; ustekinumab; infections

Online: 3 August 2023 (07:15:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0176.v1

Effect of the Polymer Composition on the Optical Properties of a New Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorophore: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach

Alberto Picchi, Qinfan Wang, Francesco Ventura, Cosimo Micheletti, Jesse Heijkoop, Francesco Picchioni, Ilaria Ciofini, Carlo Adamo, Andrea Pucci

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: Poly(methyl methacrylate); Poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate); Tetraphenylethylene (TPE); Aggregation-induced emission; Density functional theory investigations; Luminescent solar concentrator

Online: 2 August 2023 (10:49:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0201.v1

Comparing System of Rice Intensification Methods With Alternatives, considering Labor-Saving, Water-Saving, Economic, Energy, Soil Biology, and Climate Effects in India

Mahender Kumar Rapolu, Padmavathi Chintalapati, Santhosha Rathod, Vidhan Singh Tapeshwar, Surekha Kuchi, Prasad Babu MBB, Latha PC, Somasekhar Nethi, Nirmala B, Srinivas Prasad M, Jasti Prasad V.N.S, Vijay Kumar S, Srinivas D, Sreedevi B, Mangaldeep Tuti, Arun MN, Sailaja B, Sundaram RM

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Rice-rice system; crop establishment methods; System of Rice Intensification; modified System of Rice Intensification; greenhouse gases; climate-resilience

Online: 2 August 2023 (10:10:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0112.v1

Seasonal Changes of Sea Ice Thickness in the Eastern Arctic Ocean Evident from Remotely Sensed and In-Situ Observations in 2013–2015

Andrey V. Pnyushkov

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: sea ice thickness; Arctic Ocean; Eurasian Basin; ice profiling sonars

Online: 2 August 2023 (08:36:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0060.v1

Influence of the heat treatment duration on the cycling performance and electrochemical mechanism of Na2Ti3O7 as anode material for Na-ion batteries

Caroline Piffet, Nicolas Eshraghi, Gregory Mottet, Frédéric Hatert, Jolanta Swiatowska, Rudi Cloots, Frederic Boschini, Abdelfattah Mahmoud

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Na-ion batteries; Na2Ti3O7; Operando XRD; Insertion mechanism; Electreochemical impedance spectroscopy

Online: 2 August 2023 (05:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0103.v1

Long Range Transport Analysis Based on Eastern Atmospheric Circulation and Its Impact to the Dust Event over Moldavia, Romania in August 2022

Diana Corina Bostan, Ingrid Mihaela Miclăuș, Cosmina Apetroaie, Mirela Voiculescu, Adrian Timofte, Marius Mihai Cazacu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: dust transport; air pollution; eastern atmospheric circulation; aerosols

Online: 2 August 2023 (02:31:18 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2162.v1

Long-Term L-Glutamine Treatment Reduces Hemolysis Without Ameliorating Hepatic Vasoocclusion and Liver Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Sickle Cell Disease

Omika Katoch, Ramakrishna UV, Tomasz Kaminski, Ziming Li, Rikesh K Dubey, Isabella Burholt, Shweta Gudapati, Tirthadipa Pradhan-Sundd

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Sickle cell disease; hemolysis; vasoocclusion; l-glutamine; Liver injury; Kupffer cells

Online: 1 August 2023 (14:24:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2069.v1

Involvement of the Soluble Guanylate Cyclase, Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cytokines Pathway in the Anti-inflammatory Profile of N-acylhydrazone Derivatives (JR19)

Pablo Rayff Da Silva, Nadjaele de Melo Apolinário, Simone Ângela Soares Da Silva, Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna, Thássia Borges Costa, Yvnni M. S. de Medeiros e Silva, Teresinha Gonçalves Da Silva, Vanda Lucia Lucia Dos Santos, Ricardo Olímpio De Moura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: cytokines; leukocyte migration; N-acylhydrazones; nitric oxide

Online: 31 July 2023 (10:51:13 CEST)

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The N-acylhydrazone function has been reported as a pharmacophore group of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (JR19) in vivo. The study started with the carrageenan-induced peritonitis model, followed by an investigation of leukocyte migration using the subcutaneous air pouch test and an assessment of the antinociceptive profile using formalin-induced pain. To find out the likely mechanism of action, a preliminary molecular docking study was performed focusing on the crystallographic structures of NFκB, iNOS, and sGCs. The computational study revealed satisfactory interaction energies with the selected targets, and the same peritonitis model was used to validate the involvement of the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine expression in the peritoneal exudate of mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue. In the peritonitis assay, JR19 (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration by 59% and 52%, respectively, compared to the control group, with the 10 mg/kg dose used in subsequent assays. In the subcutaneous air pouch assay, the reduction in cell migration was 66%, and the response to intraplantar formalin was reduced by 39%, particularly during the inflammatory phase, suggesting that the compound lacks central analgesic activity. In addition, a reversal of the anti-inflammatory effect was observed in mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue, indicating the involvement of iNOS and sGC in the anti-inflammatory response of JR19. The compound effectively and significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and this effect was reversed in animals pretreated with L-NAME, supporting a NO-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. In contrast, pretreatment with methylene blue only reversed the reduction in TNF-α levels. Therefore, these results demonstrate the pharmacological potential of the novel N-acylhydrazone derivative, which acts through the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine signaling, making it a strong candidate as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1987.v1

Urban Governance and Sanitation in the Peri-Urban Commune of Agoè-Nyvé 6 in Togo: Diagnosis of the Sanitation System in Adétikopé

Efui Holaly GBEKLEY, Koko Zébéto HOUEDAKOR, Kossi KOMI, Sossawè POLI, Koffi ADJALO, Ablam NYAKPO, Ayayivi Mensah AYIVIGAN, Abdourahamane Aissa Ghanny Vanessa ALI, Kossiwa ZINSOU-KLASSOU, Pèssiezoum ADJOUSSI

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: urban governance; sustainable development; wastewater management; Adétikopé; Togo

Online: 28 July 2023 (10:08:38 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1739.v1

The Genetic Puzzle of a SOD1-Patient with Ocular Ptosis and a Motor Neuron Disease: How Many Variants Contribute to the Phenotype?

Veria Vacchiano, Flavia Palombo, Danara Ormanbekova, Claudio Fiorini, Alessia Fiorentino, Leonardo Caporali, Andrea Mastrangelo, Maria Lucia Valentino, Sabina Capellari, Rocco Liguori, Valerio Carelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: SOD1; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; TBK1; mitochondrial DNA; oligogenic inheritance.

Online: 26 July 2023 (11:25:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1721.v1

Application of the Simplified Landscape Irrigation Design Estimation (Slide) Rule for Outdoor Water Conservation for the Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional (Ici) Sector

Denise Blanchard

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Water scarcity; water conservation-ICI sector; Pittenger SLIDE formula; landscape irrigation; outdoor water savings technologies; scenario analysis water and climate types

Online: 25 July 2023 (13:11:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1699.v1

The Effects of Transplantation of the Spaceflight Intestinal Microbiome on Short Chain Fatty Acid Production, Lymphoid organ Immune Composition and Transport Kinetics

Reid Powell, Mark Endsley, Walter Emerson Cromer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: microbiome; spaceflight; lymphatic; short chain fatty acid; trascriptome

Online: 25 July 2023 (10:46:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1641.v1

Robust Tracking as Constrained Optimization by Uncertain Dynamic Plant: Mirror Descent and Average Sub-Gradient Methods -- Version of Integral Sliding Mode Control

Alexander Nazin, Alexander Poznyak

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: robust control; trajectory tracking; convex constrained optimization; subgradient descent method; sliding mode

Online: 25 July 2023 (09:30:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1647.v1

Association Between Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use and Major Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Arabian Gulf

Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Juhaina Salim Al-Maqbali, Wael Almahmeed, Najib AlRawahi, Abdullah Al-Asmi, Mohammad Zubaid

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; stroke; acute coronary syndrome; myocardial infarction; mortality; readmission; Arabian Gulf

Online: 25 July 2023 (08:26:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1543.v1

Recruitment of the Histone Variant macroH2A1 to the Pericentric Region Occurs upon Chromatin Relaxation and Is Responsible for Major Satellite Transcriptional Regulation

Ludmila Recoules, Nicolas Tanguy Le Gac, Fatima Moutahir, Kerstin Bystricky, Anne-Claire Lavigne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: chromatin; macroH2A1; pericentromere

Online: 24 July 2023 (09:28:32 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1574.v1

Satisfaction, Engagement, and Outcomes in Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Adapted for People of Diverse Ethnocultural Groups: An Observational Trial with Benchmarking

Ram P. Sapkota, Emma Valli, Blake F. Dear, Nickolai Titov, Heather D. Hadjistavropoulos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: cognitive behaviour therapy; engagement; cultural adaptation; patient-oriented research; digital mental health; depression; anxiety; ICBT

Online: 24 July 2023 (08:50:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1521.v1

Melting Heat Transfer Rheology in Bio-Convection Cross Nanofluid Flow Confined by a Symmetrical Cylindrical Channel with Thermal Conductivity and Swim Microbes

Fuad A. Awwad, Emad A. A. Ismail, Taza Gul, Waris Khan, Ishtiaq Ali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: Symmetrical cylinder; Nanofluid; numerical platform; bioconvection; swimming microbes; melting heat transfer

Online: 24 July 2023 (08:48:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1275.v1

A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Associated with Dosing Metronidazole Every 8 Hours Versus Every 12-Hours: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Theresa Jizba, Faran Ahmad, Ryan W Walters, Pamela Foral, Christopher J Destache, Manasa Velagapudi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: anaerobic bacteremia; Metronidazole; dose; 12-hour; extended-dosing interval

Online: 19 July 2023 (12:13:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1265.v1

Unique Evolution Patterns of Hepatitis B and C Viruses Revealed by Continuous Genetic Surveillance from 2015 to 2021 in Gabon, Central Africa

Haruka Abe, Yuri Ushijima, Rodrigue Bikangui, Georgelin Nguema Ondo, Christelle M. Pemba, Vahid R. Zadeh, Patrick I. Mpingabo, Hayato Ueda, Selidji T. Agnandji, Bertrand Lell, Jiro Yasuda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: hepatitis virus; HBV; HCV; surveillance; Gabon; Africa

Online: 19 July 2023 (08:09:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1165.v1

Considerations, Advances, and Challenges Associated with the Use of Specific Emitter Identification in the Security of Internet of Things Deployments: A Survey

Joshua H. Tyler, Mohamed K.M. Fadul, Donald R. Reising

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Specific Emitter Identification, Radio Frequency Fingerprinting, Physical Layer Authentication, Physical Layer Security, Internet of Things

Online: 18 July 2023 (07:37:34 CEST)

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Initially introduced almost thirty years ago for the express purpose of providing electronic warfare systems the capabilities to detect, characterize, and identify radar emitters, Specific Emitter Identification (SEI) has recently received a lot of attention within the research community as a physical layer technique for securing Internet of Things (IoT) deployments. This attention is due in large part to SEI’s demonstrated success in passively and uniquely identifying wireless emitters using traditional machine learning and the success of Deep Learning (DL) within the natural language processing and computer vision areas. SEI exploits distinct and unintentional features present within an emitter’s transmitted signals. The existence of these distinctive and unintentional features is attributed to slight manufacturing and assembly variations that exist within and between the components, sub-systems, and systems that comprise an emitter’s Radio Frequency (RF) front end. Although sufficient to facilitate SEI, these features do not hinder normal operations such as detection, channel estimation, timing, and demodulation. However, despite the plethora of SEI publications, it has remained largely a focus of academic endeavors that primarily focus on proof-of-concept demonstration and little to no use in operational networks for various reasons. The focus of this survey is a review of SEI publications from the perspective of its use as a practical, effective, and usable IoT security mechanism, thus we use IoT requirements and constraints (e.g., wireless standard, nature of their deployment) as a lens through which each reviewed paper is analyzed. Previous surveys have not taken such an approach and have only used IoT as motivation, a setting, or a context. In this survey, we consider operating conditions, SEI threats, SEI at scale, publicly available data sets, and SEI considerations that are dictated by the fact that it is to be employed by IoT devices or IoT infrastructure.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1109.v1

Association of Denture Use and Chewing Ability with Cognitive Function Analysed Using Panel Data from Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006–2018)

Nu-Ri Jun, Jae-Hyun Kim, Jong-Hwa Jang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Chewing ability; Cognitive function; Dental health; Denture

Online: 17 July 2023 (15:18:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1046.v1

Drought Stress-Related Reprogramming of Gene Expression in Barley Leaves Involves Loading of ABA-Related Genes with Euchromatic Marks H3K4me3 and H3K9ac

Charlotte Ost, Xuan Hieu Cao, Thuy Linh Nguyen, Axel Himmelbach, Martin Mascher, Nils Stein, Klaus Humbeck

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: ABA-related genes; drought stress; epigenetics; euchromatic histone modifications; Hordeum vulgare

Online: 17 July 2023 (04:07:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0984.v1

Improvement and Control of the Customer Service System, through a simulation of the Waiting Line model: case study in a telecommunications company

José David Barros Enriquez, Leonardo Arturo Baque Mite, Angel Moises Avemañay Morocho, Milton Ivan Villafuerte Lopez

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: continuous improvement; waiting line; DMAIC; simulation; process control; productivity; customer service

Online: 14 July 2023 (07:53:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0752.v1

Multi-Probe RFA vs. Single-Probe MWA in an Ex-Vivo Bovine Liver Model: Comparison of Volume and Shape of Coagulation Zones

Gregor Laimer, Michael Bauer, Yannick Scharll, Peter Schullian, Reto Bale

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Radiofrequency Ablation; Ablation techniques; Liver

Online: 12 July 2023 (05:08:12 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0748.v1

Repeated Intravenous Administration of Human Neural Stem Cells Encoding Choline Acetyltransferase Gene Exhibits Anti-ageing Activities Displaying Enhanced Cognitive and Physical Functions

Jangbeen Kyung, Dajeong Kim, Kyungha Shin, Dongsun Park, Soon-Cheol Hong, Tae Myoung Kim, Ehn-Kyoung Choi, Yun-Bae Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: ageing; cognitive function; physical activity; human neural stem cell; choline acetyltransferase; acetylcholine; growth factor; neurotrophic factor

Online: 12 July 2023 (02:50:44 CEST)

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Ageing may be characterized by progressive loss of cognitive function as well as decrease in physical activities, in addition to change in appearance. Previously, we reported that intracerebroventricular transplantation of a human neural stem cell (NSC) line (F3) over-expressing choline acetyltransferase (F3.ChAT) gene, an enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis, markedly improved cognitive function and physical activity of aged animals by enhancing acetylcholine and growth factors (GFs) and neurotrophic factors (NFs). In the present study, 10-month-old F344 rats were intravenously transplanted with F3 or F3.ChAT NSCs (1 x 106 cells) once a month to 21st month of age when the cumulative mortality reached 20%, and physical activity and learning/memory function were investigated, in addition to the analyses of brain acetylcholine concentration, and cholinergic and dopaminergic system restoration. Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activities of stem cells were also confirmed by analyzing oxidative damages, neuronal skeletal protein, angiogenesis, brain and muscle weights, and proliferating host stem cells. Stem cells markedly improved both the cognitive (passive avoidance and water-maze performances) and physical (locomotor and rota-rod activities) functions, in parallel with the elevation of acetylcholine levels in cerebrospinal fluid and in muscles, in which F3.ChAT cells were superior to F3 parental cells. Stem cell transplantation down-regulated CCL11, leading to restoration of microtubule-associated protein 2 as well as functional markers of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems, and preserved brain and muscular capillaries, recovering muscle mass. In addition, stem cells enhanced antioxidative capacity, attenuating oxidative damage of multiple organs including muscles and the brain. The results indicate that NSCs over-expressing ChAT gene improve cognitive function and physical activity of ageing animals by protecting and recovering functions of multiple organs including cholinergic and dopaminergic systems as well as muscles from oxidative injuries through secretion of acetylcholine and GFs/NFs, increased antioxidant elements, and enhanced blood flow.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0192.v2

Examining the Potential of Generative Language Models for Aviation Safety Analysis: Case Study and Insights using the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS)

Archana Tikayat Ray, Anirudh Prabhakara Bhat, Ryan T White, Van Minh Nguyen, Olivia J Pinon Fischer, Dimitri N Mavris

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Aviation Safety Reporting System; ASRS; Aviation Safety; Human Factors; Large Language Models; LLM; ChatGPT; Generative Language Models; GPT-3.5; aeroBERT; BERT; InstructGPT; Prompt Engineering

Online: 11 July 2023 (07:13:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0641.v1

Analysis of Frequent Marine Accidents in Commercial Fishing Vessels: Focus on Fatal Accidents in Trap Boats and the Development of Preventive Guidelines

Su-Hyung Kim, Kyung-Jin Ryu, Seung-Hyun Lee, Kyoung-Hoon Lee, Seong-Hun Kim, Yoo-Won Lee

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: commercial fishing vessel; trap fishing; Bayesian network; formal safety assessment; prevention manual

Online: 11 July 2023 (04:06:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0589.v1

Double Negative B lymphocytes are increased in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and they are correlated with early differentiated T lymphocyte subpopulations

Eleni Moysidou, Georgios Lioulios, Michalis Christodoulou, Aliki Xochelli, Stamatia Stai, Myrto Iosifidou, Artemis Iosifidou, Sophia Briza, Dimitria Ioanna Briza, Asimina Fylaktou, Maria Stangou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Lupus nephritis; Double negative B lymphocytes; T lymphocytes; early differentiated cells; senescent lymphocytes

Online: 10 July 2023 (10:33:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0561.v1

MPP8 Governs the Activity of the LIF/STAT3 Pathway and Plays a Crucial Role in the Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Heyao Zhang, Tenghui Yang, Hao Wu, Wen Yi, Chunhong Dai, Xi Chen, Wensheng Zhang, Ying Ye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: embryonic stem cells; pluripotency; HUSH complex

Online: 10 July 2023 (08:34:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0066.v1

Studies on Agrochemical Controlled Release Behavior of Copolymer Hydrogels of PVA Blends Natural Polymers and their Water-retention Capability in agricultural Soil

Fawzi Habeeb Jabrail, Maysam Salih Mutlaq, Roua a Kassim Al-Ojar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Controlled agrochemical release; urea fertilizer; poly(vinyl alcohol; chitosan; gum Arabic; SAP hydrogel; water-retention

Online: 7 July 2023 (14:27:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0315.v2

Time-Dependent Rheological Properties of Cemented Aeolian Sand-Fly Ash Backfill Vary with the Ratio of Aeolian Sand / Coal Gangue and Plasticizer

Baogui Yang, Zhijun Zheng, Junyu Jin, Xiaolong Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Cemented aeolian sand-fly ash backfill; Aeolian sand and coal gangue-filled slurry; Rheological; Plasticizer; Particle gradation

Online: 6 July 2023 (09:05:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0362.v1

Ballistic Behavior of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Amazon’s Titica Vine Fibers (Heteropsis flexuosa) in Multilayered Armor System and as Stand-Alone Target

Juliana dos Santos Carneiro da Cunha, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Maria de Fátima Vieira Marques, Ana Paula Senra Soares, Sergio Neves Monteiro

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: natural fibers composite; titica vine fibers; multilayered armor; ballistic

Online: 6 July 2023 (07:02:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0345.v1

Neuroarchitecture applied in the design of educational centers and cognitive development at the initial level in the district of Villa El Salvador

Doris Esenarro, Jimena Ccalle, Vanessa Raymundo

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: Neuroarchitecture; schools; cognitive development; Pronoei

Online: 5 July 2023 (15:00:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0214.v1

Comparison of Performance of Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Synchrotron Radiation CT in Assessment of Coronary Stenosis Caused by Calcified Plaques

Curtise K. C. Ng, Zhonghua Sun, Shirley Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: 3D printing; accuracy; calcification; cardiovascular disease; computed tomography; coronary artery disease; coronary stenosis; micro-computed tomography; plaque; synchrotron radiation

Online: 4 July 2023 (11:15:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0179.v1

Exploring the Influence of Green Brand Innovation and Perceived Value on Brand Loyalty Examining the Role of Green Knowledge as a Moderator

Gebeyehu Negassa

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Green brand; green innovation; green brand innovativeness; green perceived value; green brand loyalty; green knowledge

Online: 4 July 2023 (09:54:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0048.v1

Long Exposure to Salt Stress Leads to Stronger Damage in Chloroplast Ultrastructure and its Functionality than the Stomatal Function in Jatropha curcas

Marcelo F. Pompelli, Jaqueline Dias Pereira, Juan de Dios Jaraba-Navas, Alfredo Jarma-Orozco, Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Paez, Yirlis Yadeth Pineda-Rodriguez, Wagner L. Araújo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: purging nut; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; chloroplast ultrastructure; NaCl long exposition time; hydraulic conductivity

Online: 4 July 2023 (02:58:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0114.v1

Geostatistical Fusion of LiDAR and Hyperspectral Data to Improve the Spatial Prediction of Sand Content in a Forested Catchment of Southern Italy

Annamaria Castrignanò, Gabriele Buttafuoco, Massimo Conforti, Mauro Maesano, Federico Valerio Moresi, Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Forest soils; data fusion; topographic attributes; soil spectroscopy; external drift

Online: 3 July 2023 (14:45:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2126.v1

Goldilocks Dilemma: Lps Works Both As the Initial Target and a Barrier for the Antimicrobial Action of Cationic AMPs on E. coli

Martin Jakubec, Fredrik Garnås Rylandsholm, Philip Rainsford, Mitchell Silk, Maxim Bril'kov, Tone Kristoffersen, Eric Juskewitz, Johanna U. Ericson, Johan Mattias Isaksson, John Sigurd Mjøen Svendsen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: AMP; SPR; NRM; liposomes; LPS; lipid binding

Online: 29 June 2023 (11:27:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2070.v1

Type II Grass Carp Reovirus Rapidly Invades Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) via Nostril-Olfactory System -Brain Axis, Gill, and Skin on Head

Wentao Zhu, Meihua Qiao, Meidi Hu, Xingchen Huo, Jianguo Su

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Grass carp; Grass carp reovirus; Invasion portal; Nostril; Gill

Online: 29 June 2023 (07:12:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2030.v1

Mapping of Soil Surface Moisture of Agrophytocenosis by Neu-Ral Network Based on Synchronized Radar and Multispectral Optoelectronic Data of SENTINEL-1,2

Anatoly Zeyliger, Konstantin Muzalevskiy, Olga Ermolaeva, Ekaterina Zinchenko

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: Precision agriculture; agroecology; remote sensing; crop irrigation; soil moisture; vegetation indexes; Sentinel-1,2; neural network; dielectric permittivity

Online: 28 June 2023 (16:10:09 CEST)

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In this article, a method for the moisture mapping of the soil surface of agrophytocenosis was proposed using neural network based on synchronized radar and multispectral optoelectronic data of Sentinel-1,2. To verify the developed method, data from two experimental plots were used. These plots were located two on irrigated soybean crops. The first of them was located on the right bank (1st plot) and the second one on the left bank (2nd plot) of the down part of Volga River. Two experimental soil moisture geo-datasets were done by measurements and geo-referencing points using gravimetric method (1st plot) and with proximal sensing method (2nd plot) using Soil Moisture Sensor ML3-KIT (THETAKIT, Delta). The soil moisture retrieval algorithm was based on the use of a neural network to predict reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave from the soil surface, followed by inversion into soil moisture using a dielectric model that takes into account the soil texture. The input parameter of the neural network was the ratio of the microwave radar vegetation index (calculated on the basis of Sentinel-1 data) to the index (calculated on the basis of data of multispectral optoelectronic channels 8 and 11 of Sentinel-2). Such way calculated index reveals showed a significantly greater dependence on soil moisture than on vegetation height that was been used in previous studies. The retrieved values of soil moisture were compared with the soil moisture measured in-situ. The proposed method with a determination coefficient of 0.44-0.65 and a standard deviation of 2.4%-4.2% for the 1st plot as well as with and of the same metrics for the 2nd allows predicting the soil moisture of both a test plots covered by soybean plants, relative to soil moisture measured in-situ. The conducted research created the scientific basis for a new technology for remote sensing the moisture content of the soil surface of agrophytocenosis as an element of the precision farming system and agroecology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2054.v1

Inhibition of CDK1 by RO-3306 Exhibits Anti-Tumorigenic Effects in Ovarian Cancer Cells and a Transgenic Mouse Model of Ovarian Cancer

Yu Huang, Yali Fan, Ziyi Zhao, Xin Zhang, Katherine Tucker, Allison Staley, Hongyan Suo, Wenchuan Sun, Xiaochang Shen, Boer Deng, Stuart R Pierce, Lindsay West, Yajie Yin, Michael J Emanuele, Chunxiao Zhou, Victoria Bae-Jump

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: CDK1; RO-3306; ovarian cancer; apoptosis; invasion; prognosis

Online: 28 June 2023 (16:02:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2026.v1

Synergistic Effects of LSPR, SPP, and Waveguide Plasmonic Resonance on the Same Material: A Promising Hypothesis to Enhanced Organic Solar Cells Efficiency

Issoufou IBRAHIM ZAMKOYE, Bruno LUCAS, Sylvain VEDRAINE

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: plasmonic resonance; LSPR; SPP; silver nanowires; organic solar cells; finite-difference time domain simulation; electrode.

Online: 28 June 2023 (12:21:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1847.v1

Inverse Association between Dairy Product Consumption and Lower Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults Based on a Cross-Sectional Study

Hunkyung Kim, Yosuke Osuka, Narumi Kojima, Hiroyuki Sasai, Kentarou Nakamura, Chisato Ohba, Mayuki Sasaki, Takao Suzuki

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: dairy product consumption; mini-mental state examination score; lower cognitive function

Online: 27 June 2023 (04:58:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1797.v1

The Impact of COVID 19 on Medical Staff Mental and Professional Wellbeing: A Longitudinal Study. Are Doctors Really Stronger than Nursing Staff?

Sefi Mendlovic, Idan Haklay, Roxane Eliot, Mooli Lahad

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: COVID-19; Healthcare workers; Medical doctors; Compassion Satisfaction; Burnout; Secondary Traumatic Stress; Coronavirus; Mental health; Mindfulness

Online: 27 June 2023 (02:27:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1721.v1

Characteristics of Seismogenic Dust Particles from Mountain and Its Significance for Paleoseismic Records in Tufa Section: A Case Study of Jiuzhaigou, China

Shengwen Jing, Fudong Wang, Enrico Capezzuoli, Guoqing Huang, Junhao Li, Hanchao Jiang, Zijian Zhou, Xueqin Zhao, Faqin Dong, Andrea Brogi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: Jiuzhaigou; Tufa particulate matter; Sedimentation; Genetic analysis; Paleoearthquake

Online: 25 June 2023 (07:11:39 CEST)

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The sedimentary characteristics of the special interlayer contained in the section of the Sparking Lake dam revealed by the 8.8 Jiuzhaigou earthquake in 2017 are obviously different from the tufa in the dam body, and they are considered to be prehistoric flood relics. Based on the study of the particulate matter from the 8.8 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, this paper combines comparative petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical and chronological studies of the special interbedded sediments of the Sparking Lake dam with other genetic samples to obtain homology information and genetic links, as well as to explore the tufa depositional dynamics and earthquake disaster subsidence. The palaeoseismic benefit in the discontinuity layer is explored, and the palaeoseismic information embedded in the profiles is extracted, providing a new idea to reconstruct the palaeoseismic events in the tufa deposition sequence. According to X-ray diffraction, laser particle size analysis and scanning electron microscope experiments, the particulate matter in the Jiuzhaigou mountains has its own specific mineralogical characteristics. The mineral composition of the particulate matter is basically calcite. The particle size is large, and the single particle is mostly angular and subangular. The fracture morphology observed under the single particle microscope is uneven, showing the characteristics of dust caused by earthquake disasters. Geochemical analysis data show that the provenance of various types of particles in the same area is stable, indicating the homology of terrestrial carbonate sedimentation in the karst system. Combined with mineralogy and grain size morphology, the interbedded particles in the tufa depositional profile have the potential application of palaeoseismic archives to record extreme seismic events. The palaeoseismic date was inferred from the chronological data of special interlayered sediments in the tufa dam body. Therefore, the tufa bedding can be related to the palaeoearthquake, and the special interlayer of the tufa section can be used to reconstruct palaeoearthquakes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1712.v1

Examining the Relationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes, Self-Determination, and Sustained Intention in Eco-Friendly Sports Participation: A Study on Plogging Participants

Jongho Kim, Sujin Kim, Jinwook Chung

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Plogging; Exercise Participation; Self-Determination Theory

Online: 25 June 2023 (05:01:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1700.v1

Research on the Evolution Characteristics of Economic Development Quality and Environmental Pollution Intensity in Typical Energy Regions in the Last 20 Years

Jinghui Chen, Yiying Liang, Bo Yang, Yun Ma, Yi Guo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Environmental pollution; Numerical fitting; Economic growth; Industrial three wastes; sustainable development

Online: 25 June 2023 (02:51:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1691.v1

Influence of Key Strata on the Evolution Law of Mining-induced Stress in the Working Face of Deep and Large-scale Mining

Jianlin Xie, Shan Ning, Weibing Zhu, Xiaozhen Wang, Tao Hou

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: key strata; mining-induced stress; DOFS; 3DEC; large-scale mining

Online: 23 June 2023 (14:09:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1563.v1

Osteoblast-derived Matrix Vesicles Exhibit Exosomal Traits and a Unique Subset of microRNA; Their Caveolae-dependent Endocytosis Results in Reduced Osteogenic Differentiation

Anne Michelle Skelton, D. Joshua Cohen, Barbara Dale Boyan, Zvi Schwartz

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Matrix vesicles; extracellular vesicles; osteoblasts; osteogenesis; endocytosis; differentiation; microRNA; caveolin

Online: 21 June 2023 (13:41:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1525.v1

Comparison of Disk Diffusion, E-Test, and Broth Microdilution Methods for Testing In Vitro Activity of Cefiderocol Against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii

Natalia Kolesnik-Goldmann, Helena M. B. Seth-Smith, Haldimann Klara, Frank Imkamp, Tim Roloff, Reinhard Zbinden, Sven N Hobbie, Adrian Egli, Stefano Mancini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: cefiderocol; A. baumannii; disk diffusion; broth microdilution; E-test; iron-depletion

Online: 21 June 2023 (10:20:03 CEST)

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