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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2328.v1

An Assessment of Agent-Based Modelling Tools for Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change

Tom Selje, Rayhan Islam, Boris Heinz

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Community-based adaptation; climate change adaptation; agent-based modelling; simulations; tool assessment

Online: 29 July 2024 (14:57:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1725.v1

The Relationship between Maternal Smoking and Infant Birth Weight: Improving Accuracy through Urine Cotinine Analysis and Effective Medical Record Strategies

Danica Vojisavljevic, Donna Rudd, Roger Smith, Yogavijayan Kandasamy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cotinine; birth weight; sex; pregnancy; nicotine

Online: 22 July 2024 (19:09:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1591.v1

Breaking Through: The Ambidextrous Key to Reshaping the Sustainable Marketing Capability of Time-Honored Enterprises

Xiangyu Li, Danaikrit Inthurit, MaoChun Wu, Na Ou, Linjun Qiu

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Time-Honored Enterprises; Marketing Exploration; Marketing Exploitation; Sustained Marketing; Corporate Performance

Online: 19 July 2024 (09:53:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1528.v1

Leveraging LDA Feature Extraction to Augment Human Activity Recognition Accuracy

Milad Vazan, Elaheh Sharifi, Hadi Farahani, Sadegh Madadi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Feature Extraction; Human Activity Recognition; Linear Discriminant Analysis

Online: 23 June 2024 (04:20:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0456.v1

Associations between Grand Challenges and Multinational Enterprises: A Bibliometric and Thematic Analysis

Sinem Burcu Uğur, Hale Alan, Neslihan Onur, Hüsne Demirel

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Grand Challenges; Multinational Enterprises; International Business; Bibliometric; Science Mapping

Online: 7 June 2024 (08:24:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0713.v1

Machine-Learning Algorithms for Mapping LULC of the uMngeni Catchment Area, KwaZulu-Natal

Orlando Bhungeni, Ashadevi Ramjatan, Michael Gebreslasie

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: uMngeni River Catchment; Machine learning; LULC; Landsat 8; Remote sensing

Online: 10 April 2024 (08:18:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1835.v1

The Influence of Rare Earth Ce on the Microstructure and Properties of Cast Pure Copper

Mingyi Zhang, Jichun Yang, Haixiao Li

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Pure copper; Rare earth; Organization; Performance; Thermodynamics

Online: 29 March 2024 (10:40:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1326.v1

Design and Implementation of a MIMO Integral Resonant Control for Active Vibration Control of Pedestrian Structures

Emiliano Pereira, Xidong Wang, Iván M. Díaz, Sumeet S. Aphale

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Active Vibration Control; Human-Induced Vibrations; Integral Resonant Control

Online: 22 February 2024 (16:17:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0118.v1

Some Algebraic Polynomials and Topological Indices of Octagonal Network

Young Chel Kwun, Waqas Nazeer, Mobeen Munir, Shin Min Kang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Theoretical Chemistry Keywords: M-polynomial; Zagreb polynomial; topological index; network

Online: 24 November 2016 (01:53:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1821.v1

The Influence of Thermomechanical Conditions on the Hot Ductility of Steels

Saham Sadat Sharifi, Saeid Bakhtiari, Esmaeil Shahryari, Christof Sommitsch, Maria Cecilia Poletti

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: steels; continuous casting; plastic deformation; dynamic restoration; phase transformation; hot ductility

Online: 26 August 2024 (12:02:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1671.v1

3D Printed K-band Radar Stealth Lightweight Material with Lotus Leaf Structure

Chuangji Liu, Yingjie Xu, Beiqing Huang, Wan Zhang, Yuxin Wang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: K-band radar stealth; UV cured polymer composites; 3D printing technology; biomimetic lotus leaf antireflection structure; self-cleaning surface; lightweight material

Online: 23 August 2024 (04:10:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1520.v1

Analytical and Computer Modelling of Chaotic Advection of Stokes Flow Inside a Rectangular Cavity under Constant Velocities

Valentyn Sobchuk, Oleksandr Kurylko, Oleksandr Boryseiko, Oleg Perehuda, Iryna Lebedyeva, Olena Vashchilina

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: stokes flow; chaotic advection; mixing; rectangular cavity; computer modelling

Online: 21 August 2024 (07:39:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0942.v1

Spectral-Based Fault Diagnosis Methodology for Industrial Shot Blast Machinery Leveraging XGBoost and Feature Importance

Joon-Hyuk Lee, Chibuzo Nwabufo Okwuosa, Beak Cheon Shin, And Jang-Wook Hur

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Fast Fourier Transform; Peak Detection; Feature Importance; Fault Detection and Isolation; Extreme Gradient Boosting; Machine Learning; Discriminative Features

Online: 13 August 2024 (13:05:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0081.v1

Identification and Analysis of Barriers that Impact the Sustainable Development of Brazilian Cabotage

Aldery Silveira Júnior, Evanilton de Almeida Vivaldo, Fabio Enzio Moura Pereira Laune, Felipe Frutuoso Pereira, Matheus de Sousa Pereira, Michelly Karen Alves da Silva

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Cabotage; cargo transportation by cabotage; barriers that impact cabotage; sustainability; sus-tainable development.

Online: 6 June 2024 (03:23:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0846.v1

DPEP Inhibits Cancer Cell Glucose Uptake, Glycolysis and Survival by Upregulating Tumor Suppressor TXNIP

Qing Zhou, Trang Thi Thu Nguyen, Jeong-Yeon Mun, Markus D Siegelin, Lloyd A Greene

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: TXNIP; glycolysis; CEBPB; CEBPD; ATF5; cell-penetrating; apoptosis; Dpep; glucose uptake

Online: 13 May 2024 (12:21:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1224.v1

Development of a Breathable Packaging Film for Fresh Products

Pedro V. Rodrigues, M. Cidália R. Castro, Ana M. S. Soares, Liliana Melro, Ana V. Machado

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: polyethylene composites; microcrystalline cellulose; food packaging; surface functionalization

Online: 21 March 2024 (02:15:58 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0553.v1

Exploring Sustainable Aquafeed Alternatives with a Specific Focus on the Ensilaging Technology of Fish Waste

Anastasiia Maksimenko, Leonid Belyi, Anna Podvolotskaya, Oksana Son, Liudmila Tekutyeva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: ensiling technology; fish waste; fermentation; lactic acid bacteria; fish silage; hydrolysed proteins; biotransformation; aquafeed; circular aquaculture; sustainability; food waste valorization

Online: 11 March 2024 (08:58:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0137.v1

A Portable Live Cell Culture and Imaging System with Optional Umbilical Bioreactor Using a Modified Infant Incubator

Malcolm Brinn, Said F. Al-Sarawi, Tien-Fu Lu, Brian J. C. Freeman, Jaliya Kumaratilake, Maciej Henneberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: cell culture; bioreactor; live cell imaging; tissue engineering

Online: 31 January 2017 (12:39:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1156.v1

A High-Homology Region in Bacterial β-Barrel Pore-Forming Toxins

Alexey S. Nagel, Olesya Vetrova, Natalia V. Rudenko, Anna P. Karatovskaya, Anna Zamyatina, Zhanna I. Andreeva-Kovalevskaya, Vadim Salyamov, Nadezhda Egorova, Alexander V. Siunov, Tatiana D. Ivanova, Khanafi M. Boziev, Fedor A. Brovko, Alexander S. Solonin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus α -toxin; Bacillus cereus hemolysin II; cytotoxin K2; suppression of hemolytic activity; monoclonal antibodies; enzyme immunoassay

Online: 20 March 2024 (12:23:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1173.v1

Differences in the Duration of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Placement Leading to CLABSI versus Colonization by Multi-drug Resistant Pathogens: A Single Centre Retrospective Cohort Study

Vassiliki C. Pitiriga, Elsa Kampos, John Bakalis, George Saroglou, Athanasios Z Tsakris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: duration, catheter, intravenous, PICC, CVC, MDRO, multidrug resistance

Online: 17 May 2024 (12:26:59 CEST)

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Background: While it is established that intravenous catheter placement duration is strongly linked to the risk of catheter colonization and bloodstream infections, there are still substantial knowledge gaps concerning the varying durations of PICC placement that lead to either infection or colonization by common pathogens, particularly MDR pathogens. The present study aims to compare the dwell time required for MDR pathogens to colonize with the time required to cause Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) in critically ill patients with PICCs and compares it with non-MDR pathogens, shedding light on the significance of preventive procedures to control MDR infections in clinical settings. Methods: Data from critically ill patients with PICCs admitted consecutively to «Metropolitan» Hospital in Athens, Greece, from May 2017 to May 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Results: In this study, 86 hospitalized patients, consisting of 56 (65.1%) males and 30 (34.9%) females, with a mean age of 55.67±21.1 years (range 16-91 years), presented with both CLABSIs and colonization following PICC placements. Specifically, 42 (48.8%) of them presented with CLABSIs, while 44 (51.2%) presented with colonization. Among the total participants, an MDR pathogen was isolated from 26 (30.2%) PICCs, while other pathogens were isolated from 60 (69.8%). The mean duration of catheter dwell time for all participants was 20.94±14.22 days (range 3-72 days). When analysed separately for each group, the dwell time for PICCs with CLABSIs was 25.73±16.19 days and 16.36±10.28 days for those with colonization (T test, p=0.002). Additionally, the mean dwell time for PICCs infected by non-MDROs was 22.48±15.64 days whereas for PICCs with MDROs, it was 17.38±9.5 days (T test, p=0.005). In PICCs with CLABSIs, the mean indwelling time for MDR pathogens was 21.50±12.31 days, while for non-MDROs, it was 27.73±16.98 days (T test, p=0.417). In PICCs with colonization, the mean dwell time for MDR pathogens was 15.55±7.73 days, while for non-MDROs, it was 16.92±11.85 days (T test, p=0.124). Among PICCs with MDR pathogens (n=26), the mean duration in CLABSIs events (n=18) was 21.5±12.31 days and in colonization events 15.55±7.73 days, (n=8) (T test, p=0.146). Conclusions: The present study reveals that colonization of PICCs exhibited a shorter dwell time compared to those with CLABSIs. Moreover, PICCs infected by MDROs had a shorter mean dwell time than those with non-MDROs. These findings underscore the importance of considering infection status and microbial resistance patterns when evaluating PICC dwell times.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1400.v1

Exploring the Effect of Acute and Regular Physical Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Individuals with Obesity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Halil İbrahim Ceylan, Ana Filipa Silva, Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo, Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Obesity; BDNF; physical exercise; meta-analysis

Online: 23 March 2024 (09:37:41 CET)

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This investigation aimed to explore the impact of acute and regular physical exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels in individuals with obesity. Using the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study design (PICOS) approach, the inclusion criteria were defined as follows: i) population - individuals with overweight or obesity of any age or gender; ii) intervention - acute or chronic interventions involving aerobic or anaerobic methodologies; iii) comparator - for acute effect studies, pre- and post-evaluations served as comparators, while interventions included at least one experimental group or the inclusion of a control group; iv) outcome - BDNF variability concerning the applied methodology; v) study design - restricted to experimental studies exclusively. Conducted in August 2022, the searches were carried out on PubMed, Academic Search Complete, and Web of Science. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) tool. Out of 98 potentially relevant articles, 16 met the eligibility criteria, encompassing 23 trials. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for both acute (I2 = 80.4%) and long-term effects (I2 = 88.7%). Additionally, RoBANS analysis indicated a low risk of bias for the included studies. The study's findings revealed a significant increase in the concentration of circulating BDNF in individuals with obesity compared to the control group following acute exercise. However, such an effect was not evident in the context of long-term physical exercise, with a small effect size (ES = 0.49) recorded in the latter scenario. The observed significant increase in BDNF levels post-acute exercise suggests a potential acute response mechanism contributing to the intricate interplay between exercise and neurotrophic factors in this population. Nevertheless, the absence of a similar effect in the context of long-term physical exercise implies a potential adaptation or ceiling effect. These findings underscore the importance of considering both the duration and nature of exercise interventions when exploring the neurobiological responses associated with obesity and exercise. The study provides valuable insights for future research and clinical implications in understanding the nuanced relationship between exercise, neurotrophic factors, and obesity.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1217.v1

Prognostic Value of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

Takehiro Nakao, Kenichi Harano, Masashi Wakabayashi, Tetsuro Taki, Reiko Watanabe, Hiroshi Tanabe, Toru Mukohara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: ovarian cancer; tertiary lymphoid structure; tumor microenvironment; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Online: 18 June 2024 (11:18:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0682.v1

The Policy of Compulsory Large-Scale Food Fortification in Sub-Saharan Africa

Victoria Bell, Ana Rita Rodrigues, Jorge Ferrao, Theodoros Varzakas, Tito H. Fernandes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: poverty; food supplements; undernourishment; childcare; premix

Online: 9 July 2024 (03:15:59 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0283.v1

Compost-Derived Bacterial Communities Offer Promise as Organic Biocontrol Agents against Meloidogyne javanica and Promote Plant Growth in Tomato

Eirini Karanastasi, Vassileios Kotsantonis, Iakovos S. Pantelides

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Meloidogyne javanica; synthetic bacterial communities; sustainable agriculture

Online: 5 March 2024 (16:14:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0015.v1

Recent Advances in Pre-clinical Development of Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Therapies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Shivam Gandhi, Gary Sweeney, Christopher G.R Perry

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; cardiomyopathy; inflammation; skeletal muscle; adiponectin

Online: 1 May 2024 (07:27:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0939.v1

Alternatives Cover Crops and Soil Managements Modified Macronutrients, Enzymes Activities and Soil Microbial Diversity in Rainfed Olive Orchards (cv.Chétoui) under Mediterranean Conditions in Tunisia

ELHADDAD Fadoua, Hechmi Chehab, Julio Antonio Calero González, Abdelhamid Sifiane, Garcia Roberto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: cover crops; Olive tree; legumes and grasses; dehydrogenase; carbon utilization sources.

Online: 15 March 2024 (15:44:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0870.v1

Bioinformatics Study on Site-Specific Variations of Eotaxin-3, a Key Chemokine in Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)

Deborah Giordano, Antonio D’Acierno, Anna Marabotti, Paola Iovino, Giuseppe Iacomino, Angelo Facchiano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: eosinophilic esophagitis; protein variants; protein structural analysis; protein modelling; web application

Online: 10 July 2024 (14:07:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0606.v1

Profiling of Organosulfur Compounds in Onions: A Comparative Study between LC-HRMS and DTD-GC-MS

Ana V. González-de-Peredo, Alicia Maroto, Gerardo F. Barbero, Antony Memboeuf

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Allium cepa L.; cysteine sulfoxides; gas chromatography; high-resolution mass spectrometry; onion; organosulfur compounds

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:10:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0299.v1

Advances in Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Infections in Cattle

Shaun van den Hurk, Girija Regmi, Hemant K. Naikare, Binu T. Velayudhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: bovine; coronavirus; veterinary; cattle; disease; diagnostics

Online: 6 May 2024 (12:36:28 CEST)

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Coronaviruses cause infections in humans and diverse species of animals and birds with a global distribution. Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) produces predominantly two forms of disease in cattle, a respiratory form, and a gastrointestinal form. All age groups of cattle are affected by the respiratory form of coronavirus whereas the gastroenteric form causes neonatal diarrhea or calf scour in young cattle and winter dysentery in adult cattle. The tremendous impacts of bovine respiratory disease and the associated losses are well-documented and underscores the importance of this pathogen. Beyond this, studies have demonstrated significant impacts on milk production associated with outbreaks of winter dysentery, with up to a 30% decrease in milk yield. Research data so far have shown that the viral structure or strain is not a determinant of tissue tropism and clinical form of the disease. In North America, BCoV was identified for the first time in 1972, and it continues to be a significant economic concern for the cattle industry. The virus is classified under Coronaviridae family, Betacoronavirus genus and Betacorovirus 1 species. A number of conventional and molecular diagnostic assays are available for the detection of BCoV from clinical samples. Conventional assays for BCoV detection include virus isolation, which is challenging from clinical samples, electron microscopy, fluorescent antibody assays, and various immunoassays. Molecular tests are mainly based on nucleic acid detection and predominantly include conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Isothermal amplification assays and genome sequencing have also been used increasingly in recent years for the detection and identification of BCoV. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, helicase-dependent amplification, recombinase polymerase amplification, and multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification are some examples of the isothermal amplification assays for used BCoV. Point-of-care testing has gained some popularity recently as they can offer user-friendly testing on the farm (barn-side). The present study reviewed literature on coronavirus infections in cattle from the last three and a half decades and presents information mainly on the current and advancing diagnostics in addition to epidemiology, clinical presentations, and the impact of the disease on the cattle industry.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1751.v1

Antioxidant Activity of Planar Catechin Conjugated with Trolox

Wakana Shimizu, Yoshimi Shoji, Kei Ohkubo, Hiromu Ito, Ikuo Nakanishi, Kiyoshi Fukuhara

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: catechin; trolox; tocopherol; antioxidant activity

Online: 23 August 2024 (17:13:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1477.v1

Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of Three Commercial Interferon-Gamma Release Assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Richard Kutame, Gifty Boateng, Yaw Adusi-Poku, Felix Sorvor, Lorreta Antwi, Florence Agyemang-Bioh, Bright Ayensu, Vincent Gyau-Boateng, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: IGRA; Interferon gamma; Evaluation; Tuberculosis; Diagnosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; SD Biosensor

Online: 22 August 2024 (03:07:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1487.v1

Cross-country Ski Skating Style Sub-techniques Detection and Skiing Characteristic Analysis on Snow Using High Precision GNSS

Shunya Uda, Naoto Miyamoto, Kiyoshi Hirose, Hiroshi Nakano, Thomas Stöggl, Vesa Linnamo, Stefan Lindinger, Masaki Takeda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: High precision GNSS; Cross-country skiing; Skating techniques; Sub-technique classification

Online: 21 August 2024 (04:25:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1435.v1

Unveiling Hidden Risks: Prenatal and Demographic Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder

Aikaterini Sousamli, Elena Dragioti, Dimitra Metallinou, Aikaterini Lykeridou, Panagiota Dourou, Chrysoula Rozalia Athanasiadou, Dimitrios Anagnostopoulos, Antigoni Sarantaki

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: autistic spectrum disorders; functioning; prenatal risk factors; maternal age; age of diagnosis; vaginal bleeding; prenatal infections; family income; birth order; family history

Online: 20 August 2024 (13:46:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0438.v1

The Laboratory Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) Is a Unique Model for Zika Virus Infection, Transmission, and Immune Response

André Filipe Pastor, Susan M. Mahaney, Juan Garcia Jr., Marisol Morales, Oscar Quintanilla, Marco A. Arriaga, John M. Thomas III, John L. VandeBerg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Zika virus antibodies; Zika virus ELISA; Zika virus PCR; marsupial immunology; flavivirus

Online: 7 August 2024 (03:14:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0547.v1

Conventional Manufacturing by Pouring versus Additive Manufacturing Technology of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Substitute Implants

Tanja Zöller, Hagen Schmal, Matthias Ahlhelm, Hermann O Mayr, Michael Seidenstuecker

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Sintering; β -TCP; additive manufacturing; Freeze Foam; hybrid bone; biocompatibility; bone replacement

Online: 9 May 2024 (09:15:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1794.v1

Genomic Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacter hormaechei, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, Providencia stuartii and Morganella morganii Clinical Isolates from Bulgaria

Stefana Sabtcheva, Ivan Stoikov, Ivan N. Ivanov, Deyan Donchev, Magdalena Lesseva, Sylvia Georgieva, Deana Teneva, Elina Dobreva, Iva Christova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: carbapenemases; NDM-1; VIM-4; VIM-86; OXA-48; horizontal gene transfer; Enterobacter; Serratia; Citrobacter; Providencia; Morganella

Online: 28 April 2024 (08:17:31 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1445.v1

Changes of Central Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones during Pregnancy

Ioannis Ilias, Charalampos Milionis, Maria Alexiou, Ekaterini Michou, Chrysi Karavasili, Evangelia Venaki, Kostas Markou, Irene Mamali, Eftychia Koukkou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: central sensitivity; thyroid hormones; pregnancy; hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis; free thyroxine (fT4); iodine intake; thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI); urinary iodine excretion (UI)

Online: 23 April 2024 (12:44:08 CEST)

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Introduction/Aim: Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones refers to the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis to changes in circulating free thyroxine (fT4). The relationship between fT4 levels and iodine intake is complex. The aim of the present study was to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones in pregnancy against iodine intake. Materials & Methods: One thousand one hundred two blood and urine samples were collected from pregnant women (with a mean age+SD of 30.4+4.6 years) during singleton pregnancies; women with known/diagnosed thyroid disease were excluded. Specifically, TSH & fT4 and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (UI) were measured in each trimester and at two months postpartum. The Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) was calculated to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. For the statistical analysis of TFQI by time period, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, while Pearson's correlation was used to assess TFQI versus UI. Results: The mean TFQI index ranged from -0.06 (first trimester) to -0.07 (two months postpartum), while the corresponding UI was 141 and 172 μg/L, respectively. The TFQI-UI correlation was negative (Pearson r: -0.325, p: 0.04 and r: -0.399, p: 0.023), for UI values over 250 μg/L, in the first and the third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. Discussion: TFQI is a new index reflecting central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Lower TFQI indicates higher sensitivity to thyroid hormones. In our sample TFQI was inversely related to iodine intake, in the first trimester of pregnancy (the critical period of organogenesis) and the third trimester (the critical period of fetal growth). Thus, the observed changes in TFQI may reflect different ways of central action of thyroid hormones, according to the phase of pregnancy. The negative association between maternal TFQI (indicative of central sensitivity to thyroid hormone) and urine iodine levels during the third trimester of pregnancy may reflect the combined influence of maternal and fetal thyroid function. Our results are intriguing and have the potential to enhance our comprehension of the changes in the HPT axis’ function via variations in central sensitivity to thyroid hormones and its interplay with nutritional iodine status during pregnancy.

Preprint INTERESTING IMAGES | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0815.v1

Magnetic Resonance Imagining Presentation of the Achilles Tendon Injuries – Examples from Our Practice

Stefan Stankov, Vladimir Živković, Dušan Stanković, Saša Bubanj, Šćepan Sinanović, Bojan Bjelica, Nikola Aksović, Emir Bilalović, Tatiana Dobrescu, Adina-Camelia Şlicaru

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Achilles Tendon Injuries, Screening Techniques, Interesting Images, athletes and non-athletes, case reports

Online: 12 April 2024 (04:41:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0945.v1

Exploring Advanced Therapies for Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Insights from the Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid-Immunity Network

Ziqi Guo, Kun He, Ke Pang, Daiyu Yang, Chengzhen Lyu, Haifeng Xu, Dong Wu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: primary biliary cholangitis; gut microbiota; bile acid

Online: 15 March 2024 (16:01:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0031.v1

Fluorescently Tagged Verticillium dahliae to Understand the Infection Process on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and Its Survival on Other Plants including Weed Species

Andrew Chen, Sabrina Morrison, Aphrika Gregson, Duy P. Le, Andrew S. Urquhart, Linda J. Smith, Elizabeth A.B. Aitken, Donald M. Gardiner

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Reporter genes; plant host and pathogen interactions; Green Fluorescent Protein; 'mCherry' Red Fluorescent Protein; alternative weed host; Nicotina benthamiana; Vegetative Compatibility Groups 1A and 2A; Defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes

Online: 1 March 2024 (10:42:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0006.v1

Platelet, Antiplatelet Therapy and Masld: A Narrative Review

Andrea Boccatonda, Lorenza Del Cane, Lara Marola, Damiano D’Ardes, Gianfranco Lessiani, Nicoletta Di Gregorio, Claudio Ferri, Francesco Cipollone, Carla Serra, Francesca Santilli, Fabio Piscaglia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: cancer; NAFLD; MASLD; aspirin; thromboxane

Online: 1 March 2024 (07:42:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1185.v1

Defence and Protection of the Marine Coastal Areas and Human Health: A Case Study of Asbestos Cement Contamination (Italy)

Roberta Somma, Salvatore Giacobbe, Francesco Paolo La Monica, Maria Letizia Molino, Marina Morabito, Sebastiano Ettore Spoto, Salvatore Zaccaro, Giuseppe Zaffino

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: marine coasts; protected areas; defense and conservation; asbestos cement materials; wastes; contamination; human health risk; medical geology

Online: 21 February 2024 (04:31:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0962.v1

Clinical Variables and Peripheral Biomarkers Associated with Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: Which Differences between Alcohol, Cannabis and Psychostimulants?

Martina Di Paolo, Antonia Calabrese, Guido Nosari, Valentina Ciappolino, Luisa Cirella, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: alcohol; cannabis; clinical variables; peripheral biomarkers; psychostimulants; substance-induced psychotic disorder

Online: 19 February 2024 (14:34:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0016.v1

A 14-bit Hybrid Incremental Sigma-Delta/Cyclic ADC for X-ray Linear Array Sensor

Yuze Niu, Yacong Zhang, Zhuo Zhang, Miaomiao Fan, Wengao Lu, Zhongjian Chen

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: hybrid ADC; sigma-delta ADC; cyclic ADC; pseudo-differential OTA; X-ray sensor

Online: 2 March 2017 (08:37:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1607.v1

Bioaerosol Exposure during Sorting of Municipal Solid, Commercial and Industrial Waste: Concentration Levels, Size Distribution, and Biodiversity of Airborne Fungal

Philippe Duquenne, Xavier Simon, Catherine Coulais, Véronique Koehler, Jodelle Degois, Brigitte Facon

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: airborne fungi; bioaerosol; household waste sorting; biodiversity; size distribution; ambient concentration

Online: 28 February 2024 (08:07:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1648.v1

Tactical Approaches to Protection and Rescue in Traffic Accident-Induced Disasters

Vladimir M. Cvetković

Subject: Social Sciences, Safety Research Keywords: traffic accidents; disaster management; rescue operations; emergency response; transportation safety; legal framework; accident investigation; Serbia

Online: 22 August 2024 (12:35:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0074.v1

Overexpression of AmRosea1 Gene Confers Drought and Salt Tolerance in Rice

Mingzhu Dou, Sanhong Fan, Suxin Yang, Rongfeng Huang, Huiyun Yu, Xianzhong Feng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: AmRosea1 gene; transcriptome analysis; drought tolerance; salt tolerance; rice

Online: 14 December 2016 (09:16:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0501.v1

IGF-1 and IGFBP-1, Possible Predictors of Response to Lifestyle Intervention – Results from Randomized Controlled Trials

Nina M.T. Meyer, Stefan Kabisch, Ulrike Dambeck, Caroline Honsek, Margrit Kemper, Christiana Gerbracht, Ayman M. Arafat, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Jürgen Machann, Martin A. Osterhoff, Martin O. Weickert, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: IGF-axis; lifestyle intervention; intervention response; prediabetes

Online: 8 May 2024 (12:45:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1060.v1

Landscape, Environmental, and Socioeconomic Impacts of an Invasive Bird Species: The Yellow-Legged Gull (Larus michahellis) in the Natural Park Salinas De San Pedro Del Pinatar (Murcia, Southeastern Spain)

Gustavo Ballesteros-Pelegrín, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Sánchez, Alfonso Albacete

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: aquatic birds; management; habitat; salt production; salt workers

Online: 16 May 2024 (03:27:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1854.v2

Chlorophyll-a Estimation in 149 Tropical Semi-Arid Reservoirs Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning

Victor Oliveira Santos, Bruna Monallize Duarte Moura Guimarães, Iran Eduardo Lima Neto, Francisco de Assis De Souza Filho, Paulo Alexandre Costa Rocha, Jesse Van Griensven Thé, Bahram Gharabaghi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Chlorophyll-a; Sentinel-2 satellite; Machine learning; Freshwater Reservoirs; Eutrophication

Online: 20 February 2024 (11:44:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0006.v4

New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens

Yuri Sueoka, Masayuki Sakakibara, Sakae Sano, Yoshikazu Yamamoto

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: biomonitor; environmental assessment; elemental competition; bioconcentration factor

Online: 9 December 2016 (16:31:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2142.v1

What Quality Suffices in Nanopore Metabarcoding? Reconsidering Methodology and Ectomycorrhizae in Decaying Fagus sylvatica Bark as a Case-Study

Glen Dierickx, Lowie Tondeleir, Pieter Asselman, Kris Vandekerkhove, Annemieke Verbeken

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Nanopore; deadwood; ectomycorrhiza; Fagus sylvatica; quality filtering; Phred score; eNano pipeline; natural regeneration; metabarcoding

Online: 29 August 2024 (10:40:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1625.v1

Guardians Under Siege: Exploring Pollution's effects on Human Immunity

Gaspare Drago, Noemi Aloi, Silvia Ruggieri, Alessandra Longo, Maria Lia Contrino, Fabio Massimo Contarino, Fabio Cibella, Paolo Colombo, Valeria Longo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Environmental pollutant; innate and adaptive immunity; immunomodulation; developmental toxicology; pregnancy

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:30:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1521.v1

Exploring the Microstructural Effect of FeCo Alloy on Carbon Microsphere Deposition and Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Xiaoshu Jia, Heng Zhang, Fang Liu, Qiaojun Yi, Chaolong Li, Xiao Wang, Mingxing Piao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: FeCo@CM composites; laminar-stacked FeCo alloy; MPARCVD technique; electromagnetic wave absorption

Online: 21 June 2024 (16:58:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1341.v1

Hospitalization Costs and Mental Health: Challenges and Solutions from Recent Research - A Narrative Review

Andrian Tibirna, Cristian Petrescu, Constantin Alexandru Ciobanu, Georgiana Elena Cercel, Mihnea Costin Manea, Adela Magdalena Ciobanu, Mirela Manea

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Mental Health; Hospitalization Costs; Psychiatric Services

Online: 20 June 2024 (04:30:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0130.v1

Multi-timescale Energy Consumption Management in Smart Buildings Using Hybrid Deep Artificial Neural Networks

Favour Edose Ibude, Abayomi Otebolaku, Jude Ameh, Augustine Ikpehai

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Smart buildings; Energy consumption; Hybrid deep learning; Energy predictions; Building energy management systems

Online: 2 September 2024 (16:59:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2220.v1

Challenges and Opportunities in Recycling Upholstery Textiles: Enhancing High-Density Fiberboards with Recycled Fibers

Matylda Wojciechowska, Grzegorz Kowaluk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: fiber; textile; upholstery; recycling; wood; HDF; CCS

Online: 30 July 2024 (09:17:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2053.v1

New Data on Distribution of Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Oltenia Region, România

Daniel RĂDUȚOIU, Sina COSMULESCU

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: ecology; chorology; phytocenology; Castanea sativa

Online: 31 May 2024 (02:37:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1837.v1

Disturbances in the Skin Homeostasis: The Wound Healing, a Process Yet to Be Defined

Montserrat Fernández-Guarino, Jorge Naharro-Rodriguez, Stefano Bacci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: acute wounds; chronic wounds; hypertrophic scars; keloids; skin; wound healing

Online: 28 April 2024 (08:29:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0826.v1

Childhood Emotional Abuse, Neuroticism, Perfectionism and Workaholism in an Italian Sample of Young Workers

Valeria Verrastro, Francesca Cuzzocrea, Danilo Calaresi, Valeria Saladino

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: childhood emotional abuse; neuroticism; perfectionism; workaholism; gender differences; emerging adults

Online: 15 February 2024 (09:39:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1429.v1

Antimicrobial Resistance in Diverse Escherichia coli Pathotypes from Nigeria

Kenneth Nnamdi Anueyiagu, Chibuzor Gerald Agu, Uzal Umar, Bruno Silvester Lopes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Escherichia coli; E. coli O157:H7; Shiga-toxins; antimicrobial resistance; STEC; Diarrheagenic E. Coli; blaCTX-M; ESBL

Online: 20 August 2024 (10:54:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0257.v1

Robust Overbooking for No-shows and Cancellations in Healthcare

Feng Xiao, Kin Keung Lai, Chun Kit Lau, Bhagwat Ram

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Robust optimization; Overbooking; No-shows; Healthcare

Online: 5 June 2024 (10:51:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1300.v1

Parallel PSO for the Efficient Training of Neural Networks Using the GPGPU and Apache Spark in an Edge Computing Environment

Manuel I. Capel, Alberto Salguero-Hidalgo, Juan Antonio Holgado-Terriza

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Apache Spark; Classification recall; Deep Neural Networks; GPU Parallelism; Optimization research; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); Predictive Accuracy

Online: 16 July 2024 (08:29:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0838.v1

Investigation of the Effect of Spray Dryer Encapsulation on Oleuropein from Olive Leaf Extracts Prepared at Two Different pH Levels

Ines Tarchi, Thabèt Yangui, Oana Lelia Pop, Elemér Simon, Dan Cristian Vodnar, Florica Ranga, Katalin SZABO, Ramona Suharoschi, Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour, Mohamed Bouaziz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: encapsulation; olive leaf extract; spray drying; maltodextrin

Online: 13 August 2024 (07:40:23 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1839.v1

The Path from Diagnosis to Surgical Treatment of Hemophilic Elbow Arthropaty Can Be a Risky One: A Case Report

Gianluigi Pasta, Salvatore Annunziata, Roberta Ruggieri, Dario Abruzzi, Paolo Arrigoni, Eugenio Jannelli, Francesco Benazzo, Luisella Pedrotti, Erika Maria Viola, Emérito Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán, Mario Mosconi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Hemophilia; elbow arthropathy; surgery; complications

Online: 29 March 2024 (10:03:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1912.v1

Intratumoral Microbes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Focus on Treponema denticola, Lactobacillus casei, and Candida albicans

Yeon-Hee Lee, Junho Jung, Ji-Youn Hong

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: microbiome; oral squamous cell carcinoma; bacteria; fungi; Candida albicans; oral cancer

Online: 27 August 2024 (11:12:01 CEST)

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In this study, we aimed to explore the oral bacteria and fungi that can help discern oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and investigate the correlations between multiple key pathogens. Methods: Twelve participants (8 females and 4 males; mean age, 54.33 ± 20.65 years) were prospectively recruited into three groups: Group 1: healthy control, Group 2: patients with stomatitis, and Group 3: patients with OSCC, with 4 individuals in each group. Unstimulated whole saliva samples from these participants were analyzed using real-time PCR to assess the presence and abundance of 14 major oral bacterial species and Candida albicans. Results: The analysis revealed significant differences for certain microorganisms, namely Treponema denticola (T. denticola), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), and Candida albicans. T. denticola was most abundant in the OSCC group (5,358,692.95 ± 3,540,767.33), compared to the stomatitis (123,355.54 ± 197,490.86) and healthy control (9,999.21 ± 11,998.40) groups. L. casei was undetectable in the healthy control group, but was significantly more abundant in the stomatitis group (1,653.94 ± 2,981.98) and even higher in the OSCC group (21,336.95 ± 9,258.79) (p = 0.001). A similar trend was observed for C. albicans, with DNA copy numbers rising from the healthy control (464.29 ± 716.76) to the stomatitis (1,861.30 ± 1,206.15) to the OSCC group (9,347.98 ± 5,128.54) (p = 0.006). The amount of T. denticola was positively correlated with L. casei (r=0.890, p<0.001) and C. albicans (r=0.724, p=0.008). L. casei's DNA copy number was strongly correlated with C. albicans (r=0.931, p<0.001). These three oral microbes exhibited strong positive correlations with each other and had various direct or indirect relationships with other species. Conclusions: In the OSCC group, T. denticola, L. casei, and C. albicans exhibited strong positive correlations with one another, further emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of the complex microbial interactions in the OSCC environment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0454.v1

Creating Family-Centred Support for Children with Developmental Disabilities in Africa. Examples of Local Community Interventions

Roy McConkey, Sally Allen, Chipo Mlambo, Patricia Kambarami, Karina Martin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: disability; preschool; children; family-centred; community-based; low income; inclusion; healthcare; education

Online: 8 May 2024 (10:34:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0581.v1

A Mathematical Model of Stochastic Synaptic Noise Dynamics Based Spontaneous Action Potential in Non-neural Cell

Chitaranjan Mahapatra, Inna Samuilik

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: excitable cells; synaptic conductance; background synaptic noise dynamics; mathematical modeling; action potential

Online: 11 March 2024 (21:17:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1657.v2

Psychological Health in Male Athletes: The Effect of Perceived Coaching Behaviors on Male Athletes’ Anger and Aggression Levels

Tarkan Havadar, Arslan Kalkavan, Gökmen Özen

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: trainer; athlete; anger; aggressiveness; male

Online: 8 July 2024 (09:05:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0505.v1

The Detection of Vaccine Virus and Protection of a Modified Live, Intranasal, Tri-Valent Vaccine in Neonatal, Colostrum-Fed Calves with an Experimental Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Challenge

Stephanie Perkins-Oines, Nirosh D Senevirathne, Greta M Krafsur, Karim Abdelsalam, David G. Renter, Brent Meyer, Christopher CL Chase

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus, vaccine virus detection, neonatal calves, maternal antibody, intranasal tri-valent vaccine, virulent challenge, pulmonary lesions, serum neutral

Online: 8 May 2024 (16:09:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1177.v1

Promoting urban corridors in Saudi city center to enhance walkability feature using multi-criteria decision analysis methods.

Mohammed Aloshan, Moustafa Gharieb, Khaled Mahmoud Heba, Ragab Khalil, Mohammed Humaid Alhumaid, Mohamed salah Ezz

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: Urban Corridors; walkability; urban planning; City; sustainability; GIS

Online: 18 June 2024 (12:23:50 CEST)

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Saudi Arabian cities have experienced a rapid expansion of their urban areas - particularly their city centers - over the last four decades. This has resulted to an increase in vehicular usage, which has adversely affected the daily walking experience of the residents. Walkability has several positive effects on people's health as well as the environment in cities. In addition to being a means of transportation, it also helps people create a sense of place, enhancing their image ability to be easily understood as a legible urban structure, and deepen their emotional bond with the city. Using the medium-sized Saudi Arabian city of Onaizah as a case study, this study looks into the feasibility of creating urban walking corridors to encourage users to walk more. According to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030, which emphasizes the value of sustainable urban development and raising quality of life for residents, the study addresses walkability as a generator to maintain and improve the urban scene of the city center. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to analyze the data and generate the urban corridors in the city center. The results showed the possibility of improving walking in Onaizah through three urban corridors to the city center, measuring 1,401 meters, 1,283 meters, and 1,507 meters, respectively. These corridors represent urban, commercial and heritage corridors, giving an opportunity for planners and decision makers to challenge prioritize pedestrian connectivity and enhance the physical environment, leading to sustainable urban development. This research paper used various criteria analysis methods to provide a comprehensive assessment of various factors to conclude these urban corridors; for example, assessments of land use, transportation and environmental considerations. The study aligns with Saudi Arabia's vision 2030 by promoting walking and enhancing the city's overall walkability while offering Onaizah society by creating and suggesting urban corridors to the city center a sustainable and livable urban environment.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Enzo Pereira de Lima, Masaru Tanaka, Caroline Barbalho Lamas, Karina Quesada, Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi, Adriano Cressoni Araújo, Elen Landgraf Guiguer, Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin, Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro, Edgar Baldi Junior, Bruna Fidencio Rahal Ferraz, Vitor Cavallari Strozze Catharin, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: vascular diseases; vascular atrophy; cognitive dysfunction; neurodegenerative diseases; oxidative stress; inflammation; aging; insulin resistance; nutrients; comorbidity

Online: 12 August 2024 (15:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0585.v1

Grover Disease Association with Cutaneous Keratinocyte Cancers: More than a Coincidence?

Roxana Nedelcu, Alexandra Dobre, Gabriela Turcu, Razvan Andrei, Elena Balasescu, Florentina Pantelimon, Mihaela David-Niculescu, Adina Dobritoiu, Raluca Radu, Georgiana Zaharia, Ionela Hulea, Alice Brinzea, Lorena Manea, Mihaela Gherghiceanu, Daniela Ion

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: cutaneous keratinocyte cancers; non-melanoma; basal cell carcinomas; cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas; Grover disease; transient acantholytic dermatosis

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:07:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0417.v1

Mutational Profiles of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas with Different Patterns of Clinical Aggression from Head and Neck District

Maria Colombino, Giuseppe Palmieri, Manuela Rodio, Matilde Tettamanzi, Silvia Rampazzo, Raffaello Margani, Emilio Trignano, Antonio Cossu, Maria Antonietta Fedeli, Giovanni Maria Fadda, Corrado Rubino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: non-melanoma skin cancer; cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC); recurrent cSCC; next generation sequencing (NGS); mutation profile; immunogenicity

Online: 8 May 2024 (09:17:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1534.v1

Advances in Targeted Therapy: Addressing Resistance to BTK Inhibition in B‐Cell Lymphoid Malignancies

Andres Bravo-Gonzalez, Maryam Alasfour, Deborah Soong, Jose Noy, Georgios Pongas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: lymphoma; B‐cell; hematologic neoplasms; bruton tyrosine kinase; protein kinase inhibitors; drug resistance; neoplasm; ibrutinib; pirtobrutinib; molecular targeted therapy; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; covalent inhibitors; protein degradation

Online: 18 July 2024 (17:24:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0443.v1

The Effect of Sempervivum tectorum Extract on Some Biomarkers of Reproductive Function and Levels of Some Trace Elements in Male Rats Exposed to Aluminum

Florin Muselin, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Alexandru Octavian Doma, Diana-Maria Dégi, Janos Degi, Jelena Savici, Catalin Cicerone Grigorescu, Diana Brezovan, Ioana Gencia, Romeo Teodor Cristina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Reproductive Medicine Keywords: Sempervivum; houseleek; aluminum; reproductive function; biomarkers; trace elements

Online: 5 April 2024 (16:30:05 CEST)

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Aluminum, a contentious trace element found in the environment, has been demonstrated to have harmful effects on both humans and animals. In contrast, Sempervivum tectorum, an evergreen plant, has been found to offer numerous beneficial effects for both humans and animals. Therefore, this study aims to assess the protective effect of S. tectorum on certain reproductive biomarkers in male rats exposed to aluminum. Thirty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: NTC (no-treatment control) received distilled water; NC (negative control) received drinking water containing 1 mg/L aluminum sulfate (AS); E1 received 1 mg/L AS along with an 8% S. tectorum extract; PC (positive control) received only 8% S. tectorum extract; E2 received 1 mg/L AS for three months followed by 8% extract for one month. The study analyzed testosterone, LH, FSH, body weight, and the histological structure of the testis, epididymis, and prostate, as well as the levels of zinc, manganese, copper, and iron in these organs. Significant decreases in body weight, testis, and epididymis size were observed in the aluminum-exposed groups compared to the control, whereas these decreases were not significant in the S. tectorum-treated groups compared to the control. Aluminum exposure led to significant decreases in testosterone and LH levels, with FSH levels showing a non-significant decrease in males, which were mitigated significantly by the administration of the plant extract. Histological analysis revealed alterations in the testis, epididymis, and prostate of the AS-exposed groups, including necrosis of seminiferous tubule epithelium and Leydig cells in the testis, and basal epithelial necrosis in the epididymis and prostate. Aluminum levels increased in all organs studied, while levels of zinc, copper, iron, and manganese decreased, showing a negative and significant correlation with aluminum levels. The aqueous extract of S. tectorum demonstrated a protective effect on certain studied biomarkers in male rats affected by aluminum exposure.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0456.v1

A Comparative Literature Review of Patch Antennas and Dipole Antennas in Wireless Communication

Daniel James Manaloto, Azalea Gilongos, Edwin Arboleda

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Patch Antenna; Dipole Antenna; Review; Antenna

Online: 4 July 2024 (15:22:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1230.v1

Quantitative Assessment and Analysis of Fish Behavior in Closed Systems Using Information Entropy

Minoru Kadota, Shinsuke Torisawa, Tsutomu Takagi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: Information theory; fish behavior; entropy; quantitative assessment; random walk model

Online: 20 May 2024 (12:37:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1734.v1

Synergistic Approaches in Neurodegenerative Therapeutics: Multi-Target Drug Innovative Interventions for Alzheimer’s Disease

Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Matthias Magoola, Zamara Mariam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer’s disease; mRNA vaccine; antibody targeting; chemical targeting; blood-brain barrier; nanobodies.

Online: 29 February 2024 (12:55:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0871.v1

ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women

Maryum Naseem, Sanaullah Khan, Dalal Sulaiman Alshaya, Kotab A Attia, Nuzhat Sultana, Tawaf Ali Shah, Sajid Ali, Faizur Rehman, Muammad Adnan, Sarwat Noreen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: ToRCH pathogen, antibodies, nucleic acid (NA), placenta, chorionic villitis (CV), bad obstetric history (BOH)

Online: 13 May 2024 (14:36:58 CEST)

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The mortality rate of women during the gestation period or after delivery is very high worldwide. ToRCH pathogens [Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii), Rubella Virus (RV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)] are transmitted vertically and are associated with mortality and complications both in the mother and the fetus or children. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the ToRCH pathogen-induced histopathological changes in placental tissues and associated post-obstetric complications in Pakistani women. Women (N = 68) included in this study were divided into Group A (women with current abortion and bad obstetric history-BOH) and Group B (women with normal delivery and BOH). The venous blood collected was analyzed for ToRCH antibodies through ELISA. A small piece of placenta tissue taken after delivery or abortion was subjected to nucleic acid (NA) detection through PCR using ToRCH pathogen-specific primers. The placental tissue was analyzed for histopathological changes under a microscope. The data obtained were analyzed using percentages and the Chi square test. Overall ToRCH antibody positivity was 64.70% (44/68). Of these, IgM (Immunoglobulin M) was found in 17.65% (12/68), IgG (Immunoglobulin G) in 45.59% (31/68), and one case (1.47%) was seropositive for both IgM and IgG. The NA was detected in 66.18% (45/68) of the placental tissues of the study population. The higher prevalence of antibodies for T.gondii and RV (23.53% each) and NA for RV, CMV, and HSV (17.99% each) was observed in the study population. The ToRCH infection (antibodies and NA) with BOH complications was statistically found to be non-significant (p> 0.05). Overall discrepancies in ToRCH antibodies and NA positivity were found in 86.76% (59/68) of cases, especially for RV (26.47%). Chorionic villitis (CV) in placental tissues was observed in 20.59% (14/68), i.e., 13.23% of Group A and 7.35% of Group B. Of the total, four women with T.gondii, six with RV, and three each with CMV and HSV infection were found with CV. The most common BOH complications observed were recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs) (47.05%, 32/68), stillbirth (22.05%, 15/68), congenital abnormalities (14.70%, 10/68), etc. It was observed that RSAs were associated with CV (10.29%) in the study population. The BOH complication and CV were found to be statistically non-significant (p> 0.05). It is concluded that ToRCH pathogens are prevalent in the study population, and CV was the only histopathological change found and associated with BOH complications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0051.v1

Assessment from Multilevel Mixed-Effects Structural Equation Modelling into Urban Resilience

Chich-Ping Hu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Multilevel Mixed-Effects Structural Equation Modelling; urban resilience; urban service functions; real estate market; social equity

Online: 2 September 2024 (09:02:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1973.v1

Crossing the “European Green Deal” Maritime Measures and the Unfair Competition on the ETS Tax Regime—the Deviation Traffic Danger between EU and Non-EU Hub Ports!

Duarte Lynce de Faria

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Decarbonization; Emission Unit Allowances; Emission Trading System; EU ETS Directive; European Green Deal; Fit for 55; International Maritime Organization; Suez Canal; Traffic Deviation; Transhipment Ports

Online: 28 August 2024 (00:12:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1227.v1

Quarks and Leptons Formation from the Spontaneous Fractionation of a Pair of Elementary Particles with Proton Charge Units

Massimo Auci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Bridge Theory; Standard Model; Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry; Hadrons; Leptons

Online: 16 July 2024 (10:50:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1102.v1

Growth Performance and Survival of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Larvae Fed on Locally Formulated Feeds

Abelneh Yimer Melaku

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Clarias gariepinus; feed, larvae; growth performance; and survival rate

Online: 16 July 2024 (04:47:55 CEST)

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The lack of quality formulated feeds as supplements or replacements for live feeds has negatively impacted the growth performance and survival rates in the larvae of many fish species, notably African catfish (C. gariepinus). Successful larval rearing relies on the availability of suitable diets that are readily consumed, easily digested, and provide the essential nutrients necessary for optimal growth and health of the fish. This study evaluated the growth performance and survival rates of C. gariepinus larvae when fed locally formulated diets. The experiment was conducted using 12 basins, each with a capacity of 20 liters. Each basin was stocked with 60 larvae in four replicates, averaging 0.03 g in weight. The experimental diets were formulated to contain three different levels of crude protein: 40%, 45%, and 50%. The larvae were fed these diets at a rate of 10-20% of their body weight over 70 days. Initially, the larvae were fed artemia at the onset of feeding in hatchling basins immediately after yolk sac absorption for the first seven days. This was followed by a blend of artemia and formulated feeds for 14 days. After 28 days, the larvae were transitioned to be exclusively fed the formulated dry feeds. The results indicated that the larvae fed on diets containing 45% and 50% crude protein exhibited significantly better overall growth performance compared to those fed on a 40% crude protein diet. Specifically, the larvae that received the 45% and 50% crude protein diets showed higher final mean weight, increased daily weight gain, and improved survival rates, which ranged from 80% to 81.5%. Notably, there was no significant difference in growth performance and survival rates between the larvae fed on 45% and 50% crude protein diets, suggesting that a 45% crude protein-formulated diet is sufficient to achieve the best growth performance and survival rates for C. gariepinus larvae. This study supports the recommendation of feeding C. gariepinus larvae with a dry diet containing 45% crude protein starting from 14 days post-hatching to enhance their growth and survival rates. However, further research is recommended to explore the effects of this feeding regimen across different agroecological zones and aquaculture systems to validate and potentially refine these findings.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1683.v1

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Denis J. Murphy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Anthropocene; carbon sequestration; carboniferous; climate change; agriculture; CO₂; holocene; photosynthesis

Online: 27 May 2024 (07:42:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0588.v2

Saudi Arabia's Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Outbreak: Consequences, Reactions, and Takeaways

IZERE Salomon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Public health; global health security; MERS-CoV; outbreak; Saudi Arabia

Online: 9 April 2024 (10:04:49 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0594.v1

From CBT to Complex Therapy: A Novel Approach to the Treatment of Mental Disorders

Tullio Scrimali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Complex Therapy; Psychiatry; Psychotehrapy; CBT; MindLAB Set; NegEnt

Online: 11 March 2024 (10:29:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1547.v1

Time Series Forecasting with Missing Values Using Multiple Models: An Application to Wind Energy Systems

Xiaoou Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: time series forecasting; ARIMA; neural networks; transfer learning; wind energy systems

Online: 28 February 2024 (11:27:50 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1348.v1

Through-Wall Imaging Using Low-Cost FMCW Radar Sensors

Mirel Paun

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar; Ground Penetrating Radar; Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave; See Through Wall; SAR focusing; SAR Interferometry; Backprojection; 3D Imaging

Online: 24 February 2024 (08:55:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0592.v1

Kinetics, Catalysis, and Optimization of Liquid Hot Water (LHW) and Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) for Production of Platform Chemicals Form Coffee Berry Waste

Alejandra Sophia Lozano-Pérez, And Carlos Alberto Guerrero-Fajardo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Coffee Berry waste, Valorization, Hydrothermal process, Kinetic analysis, Platform chemicals.

Online: 11 December 2023 (02:54:50 CET)

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Preprint OPINION | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0016.v1

Dark Side of Molecular Techniques: How to Fix It ?

Vikash Bhardwaj

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: parallel DNA; antiparallel DNA; PCR; CRISPR; nucleic acid hybridization; microarray; siRNA

Online: 2 August 2016 (10:42:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0787.v1

Stress Analysis of GFRP Joints Bonded with Different Epoxy Adhesives and Fillers at Various Temperatures

Hasan Caglar, Sridhar Idapalapati, Mohit Sharma, Chian Kerm Sin

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: stress distribution; adhesive bonding; temperature effects; finite element analysis; analytical solutions ;

Online: 13 August 2024 (02:52:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0210.v1

Influence of Aeration and Introducing of Probiotics and Supplying of Water on Landfill Gas Production − Models Study

Rasa Vaiškūnaitė, Alvydas Zagorskis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: municipal solid waste; landfill; greenhouse gas emissions; biodegradable waste; aeration; probi-otics; leachate recirculation

Online: 2 August 2024 (15:51:18 CEST)

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When municipal solid waste (MSW) is landfilled, it begins to decompose under anaerobic conditions and is formed landfill gas is dominated by methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Reducing methane emissions is essential in the fight against climate change. It must be implemented at global and European levels, as set out in 2030 in the impact assessment of the climate goals plan. This assessment states that to achieve the goal by 2030 and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55%, the methane emissions must be reduced, considering the goals of the Paris Agreement. The Glasgow Climate Pact includes a global mitigation target of 2030 year: to reduce CO2 emissions by 45%, the emissions of methane and other greenhouse gases. For that purpose, looking for new, more advanced ways of managing such waste is necessary. The main objective of the experimental study was to evaluate the influence of aeration, probiotic introduction, and water supply on the production of landfill gases (CO2, CH4, N2, H2, etc.) in the different fifth landfills’ models during the management of MSW and to propose the best solutions for reducing environmental pollution. The results of the research showed that the first and second models of landfills, using only anaerobic conditions, can be used for the treatment of MSW for the production of biogas (CH4, CO2), as up to 40–60% of it was released during the 120-experiment period. The third landfill model can be applied in old, already closed landfills, where rapid stabilization and aeration of MSW are required to minimize pollutant emissions (N2, etc.) and unwanted odors and shorten biodegradation processes. The results of the fourth and fifth landfill models, in which aerobicanaerobic conditions were applied, showed that the developing nitrification-denitrification processes resulted in complete nitrogen removal (from 20% to 0%), and overall waste stabilization improved the biodegradation of the MSW. Later, relatively good (on average 30%) results of biogas (CH4, CO2) emissions are achieved during anaerobic conditions formation results. Summarizing all experiment results of all landfill models for further evaluation of the processes, all models can be applied in real practice depending on where they will be used and what result they want to achieve.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0101.v1

Analysis of the Kerr-Newman Diagram. Unravelling the Interior of a Black Hole

Hector Gerardo Flores, Harshit Jain, Premachand Mahapatra, Maria Isabel Gonçalves de Souza

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: RLC electrical model; RC electrical model; cosmology; astronomy; astrophysics; background radiation; Hubble’ s law; Boltzmann´; s constant; dark energy; dark matter; black hole; Big Bang; cosmic inflation; early universe; quantum gravity; CERN; LHC; Fermilab; general relativity; particle physics; condensed matter physics; M theory; super string theory; extra dimensions; Penrose diagram, ccc conformal cyclic cosmology

Online: 2 August 2024 (12:13:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0107.v1

Strategic Transformation and Sustainability: Unveiling the EFQM Model 2025

Joanna Martusewicz, Arkadiusz Wierzbic, Marcin Łukaszewicz

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: EFQM Model 2025; digital transformation; employee engagement; remote work; agile; performance management; DEI; sustainability; AI; data analytics.

Online: 2 August 2024 (00:14:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2024.v1

Hydropower Plant Available Energy Forecasting Using Artificial Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization

Suriya Kaewarsa, Vanhkham Kongpaseuth

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: energy prediction; reservoir inflow forecasting; deep learning; artificial neural network; particle swarm optimization; PSO-ANN

Online: 25 July 2024 (12:58:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1642.v1

Mediterranean Marine Mammals: Possible Future Trends and Threats Due to Mercury Contamination and Interaction with Other Environmental Stressors

Roberto Bargagli, Emilia Rota

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: mediterranean sea; cetaceans; monk seal; mercury; climate change; organic contaminants; interactions; possible cumulative effects

Online: 22 July 2024 (06:00:26 CEST)

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Despite decreasing anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions in Europe and the banning and restriction of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention, Mediterranean marine mammals still have one of the highest body burdens of persistent pollutants in the world. Moreover, the Mediterranean basin is one of the most sensitive to climate change, with likely changes in the biogeochemical cycle and bioavailability of Hg, primary productivity, and the length and composition of pelagic food webs. The availability of food resources for marine mammals is also affected by widespread overfishing and the increasing number of alien species colonizing the basin. After reporting the most recent findings on the biogeochemical cycle of Hg in the Mediterranean Sea and the physico-chemical and bio-ecological factors determining its exceptional bioaccumulation in odontocetes, this review discusses possible future changes in the bioavailability of the metal. Recent ocean-atmosphere-land models predict that in mid-latitude seas, water warming (which in the Mediterranean is 20% faster than the global average) is likely to decrease the solubility of Hg and favor the escape of the metal to the atmosphere. However, the basin has been affected for thousands of years by natural and anthropogenic inputs of metals, and climate change with sea level rise (3.6 ± 0.3 mm year-1 in the last two decades) and the frequency of extreme weather events will likely remobilize large amount of legacy Hg from soils, riverine and coastal sediments. Moreover, possible changes in pelagic food webs and food availability could determine dietary shifts and lower growth rates in Mediterranean cetaceans, increasing their Hg body burden. Although adult marine mammals have evolved the ability to detoxify monomethylmercury (MMHg) and store the metal in the liver and other organs as insoluble Hg-Se crystals, in Mediterranean populations more exposed to the metal, this process can deplete the biological pool of Se, increasing their susceptibility to infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. Mediterranean mammals are also among the most exposed in the world to legacy POPs, micro- and nanoplastics and contaminants of emerging interest. Concomitant exposure to these synthetic chemicals may pose a much more serious threat than the Se depletion. Unfortunately, as shown by literature data summarized in this review, the most exposed populations are those living in the NW basin, the main feeding and reproductive area for most Mediterranean cetaceans, declared a sanctuary for their protection since the 2002. Thus, while emphasizing the adoption of all available approaches to mitigate anthropogenic pressure with fishing and maritime traffic, it is recommended to direct future research efforts towards the assessment of possible biological effects, at individual and population level, of chronic and simultaneous exposure to Hg, legacy POPs, contaminants of emerging interest and microplastics.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0708.v1

Industrial Decarbonization through Blended Combustion of Natural Gas and Hydrogen

Alessandro Franco, Michele Rocca

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Blended combustion; Hydrogen-methane mixture; Industrial burners; Thermodynamic analysis; Decarbonization

Online: 9 July 2024 (07:00:15 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0219.v1

NOMA-Empowered Technologies for Non-line of Sight Environments: A Comprehensive Review

Yasir Al Ghafri, Hafiz M. Asif, Naser Tarhuni, Zia Nadir

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: Cooperative NOMA; IRS technology; MIMO; NLoS environments

Online: 2 July 2024 (10:55:46 CEST)

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