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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1518.v1

Changes of Periodontal Parameters and Microbiome Composition of Tooth Pocket in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Receiving Targeted Anti-Cytokine Therapy

Juliane Wagner, Luisa Haker, Louisa Mewes, Corinna Bang, Malte Rühlemann, Hendrik Naujokat, Johannes Heinrich Spille, Wolfgang Lieb, André Franke, Stefan Schreiber, Matthias Laudes, Christof Dörfer, Jörg Wiltfang, Christian Graetz, Dominik Maria Schulte

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: chronic inflammation; periodontitis; microbiome; anti-cytokine therapy

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:03:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1417.v1

Harnessing the Synergy of SGLT2 Inhibitors and Continuous Ketone Monitoring (CKM) in Managing Heart Failure Among Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Nicola Tecce, Giorgio De Alteriis, Giulia de Alteriis, Ludovica Verde, Mario Felice Tecce, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: heart failure; type 1 diabetes; diabetic cardiomyopathy; hospitalization; HFpEF; HFrEF; SGLT2-i; sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors; diabetic ketoacidosis; epidemiologic studies; patient education; continuous monitoring of ketone levels; ketonemia

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:54:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1980.v1

Enhanced Outer Membrane Vesicle Production in Escherichia coli: from Metabolic Network Model to Designed Strain Lipidomic Profile

Héctor Alejandro Ruiz-Moreno, Juan Daniel Valderrama-Rincon, Monica Patricia Cala, Miguel Fernández-Niño, Andrés Fernando Gonzalez Barrios

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Outer Membrane Vesicles; Lipidomics; CRISPR; Metabolic Network Models; E. coli JC8031

Online: 25 September 2024 (12:15:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1918.v1

Stable Microclimates and Autonomic Modulation in Horses Sin-Gle-Stall Housed in Different Stable Architectures During Mon-Soon in a Tropical Savannah Environment

Chanoknun Poochipakorn, Kanokpan Sanigavatee, Kansuda Leelehapongsathon, Thita Wonghanchao, Metha Chanda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Air velocity; Humidity; Interior environment; Monsoon; Noxious gases; Single-stall housing; Stress responses; Temperature; Tropical savannah climate; Welfare

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:06:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1224.v1

Translation, Cultural Adaptation of the Portuguese Provider Attitudes toward Cardiac Rehabilitation and Referral (PACRR-P) Scale and Assessment of its’ Measurement Properties

Mayara Moura Alves da Cruz, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Carolina Takarashi, Maria Julia Lopez Laurino, Murilo Reis Alves da Cruz, Sherry L Grace, Gabriela L M Ghisi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Attitudes; Cardiac rehabilitation; Health knowledge; Physician’ s practice patterns; Practice; Questionnaires

Online: 16 September 2024 (12:29:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0349.v1

Evaluation of a Point of Care Gem Premier ChemSTAT Analyzer in Emergency Department: Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Optimization of Patient Flow

Marina Brailova, Marie Audin, Julien Raconnat, Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois, Jeannot Schmidt, Bruno Pereira, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: contrast media; creatinine; contrast-induced nephropathy; point-of-care; ChemSTAT; emergency

Online: 4 September 2024 (11:24:04 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0141.v1

Successful Resolution of Cervical Insufficiency after Administration of a Novel Triple Antibiotic Therapy: A Case Report

Serena Xodo, Bassma Benchick, Ginevra Battello, Giovanni Baccarini, Marta Angelini, Maria Orsaria, Lorenza Driul

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Cervical insufficiency; triple antibiotic therapy; cerclage; intra-amniotic infection; case report

Online: 3 September 2024 (11:21:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1609.v1

Expression Profiling of Coding and Noncoding RNAs in the Endometrium of Patients with Endometriosis

Mi Ran Choi, Hye Jin Chang, Jeong-Hyeon Heo, Sun Hyung Yum, Eunae Jo, Miran Kim, Sang-Rae Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Endometriosis; endometrium; menstrual cycle; long noncoding RNA; neighboring gene

Online: 23 August 2024 (10:12:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1305.v1

Comorbidity Burden among Adults with Symptomatic COVID-19 Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mini M. Jose, Juan Feng, Bushra Manakkat, Hoang Nguyen, Josie Tombrella, Patricia Savard, Hanaa S. Sallam, Hani Serag

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID-19 positive adults; Charlson Comorbidity Index; Comorbidity burden and COVID-19; Depression and COVID-19; Comorbidities and COVID-19; Social determinants of COVID-19

Online: 19 August 2024 (10:05:29 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1079.v1

Overexpression of EuSIP5 Gene to Improve Drought Resistance in Tobacco

Yue-Ling Lin, Xi Chen, De-Gang Zhao, Chao Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: E. ulmoides; EuSIP5; transgenic; tobacco; drought resistance

Online: 15 August 2024 (12:19:08 CEST)

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Soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (sPPase), a pyrophosphate hydrolase, has been shown to play an important role in several physiological processes such as plant growth and development, metabolic activities, and response to abiotic stresses, but sPPase has been less studied in woody plants. In order to preliminarily verify whether the soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides) has a role in resistance to drought stress, we amplified the EuSIP5 (E. ulmoides soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase 5) cDNA sequence from E. ulmoides by RT-PCR. In order to study the drought resistance of the Eucommia ulmoides soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase 5 (EuSIP5) gene, the cDNA sequence of the EuSIP5 gene was amplified from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver by RT-PCR. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that EuSIP5 might be an unstable amphipathic protein, mainly located in the cytoplasm. E. ulmoides, the highest expression of the EuSIP5 gene was found in male leaves and pericarp from April to October, and in leaves of E. ulmoides in July and September. During drought, the expression of EuSIP5 in seedling E. ulmoides leaves was significantly higher than that of the control. An overexpression vector harboring the EuSIP5 was constructed and introduced into the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi). We found that during drought stress, the appearance of wilting was delayed by 4 days in transgenic tobacco plants (OE) compared with wild type plants (WT), and the expression of drought-related genes DET2, CYP85A1, P5CS, ERF1 and F-box was found to be increased in transgenic tobacco leaves, as well as the enzyme activities of the protective enzymes: peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly higher than those of the WT, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower than the WT. These results indicated that the introduction of EuSIP5 gene into tobacco increased the expression of drought-related genes, enhanced the anti-membrane oxidation ability of tobacco, and reduced the oxidative stress damage, thus improving the drought resistance of tobacco.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1040.v1

Creation of an Experimental Animal Model for the Study of Postmortal Dark Scleral Spots

Matteo Nioi, Pietro Emanuele Napoli, Domenico Nieddu, Alberto Chighine, Maurizio Fossarello, Ernesto D'Aloja

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: postmortal scleral spots; postmortem tache noire; forensic ophthalmology; eye postmortem; ocular surface; sclera; animal models; postmortem interval; postmortem optical coherence tomography

Online: 14 August 2024 (18:04:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0580.v1

Optical Properties of Yttrium Orthoferrite Films Prepared by Plasma Laser Deposition

Dinara Sobola, Saleh H. Fawaeer, Pavla Kočková, Richard Schubert, Rashid Dallaev, Tomáš Trčka

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: yttrium orthoferrite; plasma laser deposition; optical properties; thin films; bandgap; optoelectronics

Online: 8 August 2024 (12:03:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0303.v1

Characterisation of the Mitochondrial Genome of Capulus danieli: Insights into Evolutionary History and Ecological Adaptations

Yaoyu Xie, Yida Han, Junxia Mao, Xubo Wang, Zhenlin Hao, Ying Tian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Capulus danieli; mitochondrial genome; protein-coding genes; divergence time estimation

Online: 6 August 2024 (03:19:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0237.v1

Emotional Intelligence Increases Nurses’ Work Performance: Evidence from Greece

Petros Galanis, Aglaia Katsiroumpa, Ioannis Moisoglou, Konstantina Derizioti, Parisis Gallos, Maria Kalogeropoulou, Vasiliki Papanikolaou

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: emotional intelligence; work performance; job performance; nurses; emotions

Online: 5 August 2024 (08:18:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2276.v1

Understanding the Mellowing Effect of Bottle Aging on the Sensory and Aesthetic Perceptions of Varietal Dry White Wines

Giovanni Marasà, Joana Ferreira, Mariana Mota, Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: fine wines; aging bouquet; vertical tasting; maturation; quality; complexity; sensory space; aroma; mouthfeel

Online: 29 July 2024 (10:07:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1835.v1

Population-Based Incidence and Mortality Rates of Hematologic Malignancies regarding the Adult Population of Crete, Greece, and Analyses of Their Time Trends and Their Geographical Dis-Tribution: A First Approach from the Cancer Registry of Crete (CRC) for a 22-Year Time Period (1992–2013)

Stelios Lionakis, Dimitra Sifaki-Pistolla, Helen A. Papadaki, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Christos Lionis

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hematologic neoplasms; incidence; mortality; cancer epidemiology; kaplan meier estimate; registries; spatio-temporal analysis

Online: 24 July 2024 (07:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1521.v1

Forecasting Temperature Trends Using SARIMAX: A Case Study in Ahmedabad City, India

Vyom Shah, Nishil Patel, Dhruvin Apurva Shah, Debabrata Swain, Manorama Mohanty, Biswaranjan Acharya, Vassilis C. Gerogiannis, Andreas Kanavos

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: temperature forecasting; weather forecasting; time series; augmented Dickey-Fuller test; seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with eXogenous factors (SARIMAX); root mean squared error; seasonality; climate change

Online: 18 July 2024 (14:27:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0867.v1

PlanteSaine: An Artificial Intelligent empowered mobile application for pests and disease management for maize, tomato, and onion farmers in Burkina Faso

Obed Appiah, Kwame Oppong Hackman, Belko Abdoul Aziz Diallo, Kehinde O. Ogunjobi, Son Diakalia, Ouedraogo Valentin, Damoue Abdoul-Karim, Gaston Dabire

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture; Pest and Disease Detection; Mobile Application for Farmers; Burkina Faso Agriculture; Real-time Plant Diagnosis; Sustainable Farming Practices

Online: 13 June 2024 (11:52:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0826.v1

Sequential Behavior of Broiler Chickens in Enriched Environments Under Varying Thermal Conditions Using the Generalized Sequential Pattern Algorithm: A Proof of Concept

Juliana M. Massari, Daniella J. Moura, Irenilza A. Nääs, Danilo F. Pereira, Stanley R. M. Oliveira, Tatiane Branco, Juliana de S. G. Barros

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: animal behavior; animal welfare; data mining; environment; machine learning; precision livestock farming

Online: 12 June 2024 (11:25:20 CEST)

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Behavior analysis is a widely used non-invasive tool in the practical production routine, as the animal acts as a biosensor capable of reflecting its degree of adaptation and discomfort to some environmental challenge. Predominantly, conventional statistics use occurrence data for behavioral evaluation and well-being estimation, disregarding the temporal sequence of events. The Generalized Sequential Pattern (GSP) algorithm is a data mining method that identifies recurrent sequences that exceed a user-specified support threshold, whose potential has not yet been investigated for broiler chickens in enriched environments. Enrichment aims to increase environmental complexity with promising effects on animal welfare, stimulating priority behaviors and potentially reducing the deleterious effects of heat stress. The objective was to validate the application of the GSP algorithm to identify temporal correlations between heat stress and the behavior of broiler chickens in enriched environments through proof of concept. Video image collection was carried out automatically for 48 continuous hours, analyzing a continuous period of seven hours, from 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM, during two consecutive days of tests for chickens housed in enriched and non-enriched environments under comfort and stress temperatures. Chickens at comfort temperature showed high motivation to perform the behaviors of Preening (P), Foraging (F), Lying down (Ld), Eating (E), and Walking (W) whose sequences <{Ld,P}>; <{Ld,F}>; <{P,F,P}>; <{Ld,P,F}> and <{E,W,F}> were the only ones observed in both treatments. All other sequential patterns (comfort and stress) were distinct, suggesting that environmental enrichment alters the behavioral pattern of broiler chickens. Heat stress drastically reduced the sequential patterns found at the 20% threshold level in the tested environments. The behavior of lying laterally "Ll" is a strong indicator of heat stress in broilers and was only frequent in the non-enriched environment, which may suggest that environmental enrichment provides the animal with better opportunities to adapt to stress-inducing challenges, such as heat.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0391.v1

Laser-Assisted versus Open Cordectomy for Early Glottic Cancer

Christine Langer, Florian Glatt, Steffen Wagner, Michael Knitschke, Shachi Jenny Sharma, Claus Wittekindt

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: cordectomy; open approach; functional outcome; early glottic cancer; head and neck cancer

Online: 6 June 2024 (12:40:32 CEST)

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Purpose: Early glottic cancer is a highly curable malignancy. Disease control is achieved by resec-tion or external beam radiation with similar long-term results according survival. Surgery is predominantly performed by transoral endoscopic approach, due to reduced complication rates when compared to open cordectomy. Open cordectomy might still be warranted in cases of inad-equate surgical accessibility. Aim of the present study was to compare endoscopic versus open approach in relation to complications and outcome in an up-to-date patient group. Methods: 219 patients underwent primary tumor resection in early glottic cancer (UICC stages I-II). 168 opera-tions were performed endoscopically, 51 operations were open transcervical cordectomies. We compared survival data with non-parametric methods and functional outcome according to need of tracheostomy, feeding tube and voice functional outcome following ELS protocol. Results: There were no significant differences in overall survival (OS). 2 years OS after endoscopic surgery was 90.5% vs 95.3% after transcervical resection. As expected, OS in T1b and T2 tumors was worse than in T1a tumors. We found a statistically significant difference in disease free survival (DFS) within the T1a and T1b/T2 group (Log rank test: p=0.006) but no relevant difference be-tween the two surgical modalities, even when the data was stratified by T-categories performing a Cox regression (hazard ratio 1.21, p=0.712). Patients who underwent open surgery had a sig-nificantly worse peri- and postoperative course with longer hospital stay, higher frequency of tracheotomies and longer need for nasogastric tubes. Functional results were comparable within the two patient groups while higher tumor size / stage was an unfavorable predictor for voice re-habilitation. Conclusion: Open cordectomy leads to more complications but offers comparable oncological and functional outcome when compared to transoral endoscopic approach in early glottic cancer. Open surgery therefore continues to be a valid treatment option when endoscopic resection is not possible.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1689.v1

Bibliometric Analysis of Patient Safety in Nursing

Nükhet BAYER, Güney GÜRSEL, Ömer TURUNÇ, İbrahim Sani MERT, Müzeyyen Çiğdem AKBAŞ, Melih ALTAY, Cem ŞEN, Tamer KILIÇ

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: Bibliometric analysis; patient safety; nursing care

Online: 27 May 2024 (08:36:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0697.v1

Reduced Pharmacological Intervention of Prehospital Services for Acute Alcohol Intoxication during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Large District of Southern Italy

Arcangela Giustino, Annamaria Natola, Giovanni Savoia, Maria Antonietta De Salvia, Carmine Finelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: emergency service; acute alcohol intoxication; triage; pharmacological treatment; public health

Online: 10 May 2024 (18:32:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1752.v1

DATIV – Remote Enhancement of Smart Aerosol Measurement System Using Raspberry Pi Based Distributed Sensors

Gazi Hasanuzzaman, Tom Buchwald, Christoph Schunk, Christoph Egbers, Andreas Schröder, Uwe Hampel

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: particulate matter; COVID-19; distributed sensors; Raspberry Pi; WiFi; open source; low cost measurement system; indoor ventilation

Online: 26 April 2024 (12:36:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1597.v1

Deciphering the Interplay: Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine Impact on Glycosphingolipid Expression, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Metabolomics in Ovarian Tumor Cell Lines

Zdravko Odak, Sandra Marijan, Mila Radan, Lisa I. Pilkington, Monika Čikeš Botić, David Barker, Jóhannes Reynisson, Vedrana Čikeš-Čulić

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ovarian cancer, glycosphingolipids (GSLs), apoptosis, cytotoxicity, metabolomics, thieno[2,3-b]pyridine, cancer stem cells (CSCs)

Online: 24 April 2024 (10:06:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1363.v1

Status and Challenges of Medical History-Taking in Developing Countries and an Affordable Digital Solution to Tackle Them

Forhad Hossain, Mohamed Mehfoud Bouh, Md Moshiur Rahman, Faiz Shah, Tsunenori Mine, Rafiqul Islam, Naoki Nakashima, Ashir Ahmed

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Health Informatics; Digital Health; Physicians’ Workload; History Taking Challenges; Electronic Health Records (EHR); Modern Healthcare System; Artificial Intelligence; Life-long Medical History; Healthcare Data Management; Healthcare Innovation

Online: 21 April 2024 (05:28:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1265.v1

The Influence of Gender on the Psychiatric Comorbidity of Treated Danish Patients With and Without Alcoholism

Elizabeth C Penick, Waheeda A. Hossain, Wendy Madarasz, Ann M Manzardo, Joachim Knop, Erik L Mortensen, William F Gabrielli

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Alcohol use disorder; Gender; Psychiatric comorbidity

Online: 19 April 2024 (09:56:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0991.v1

Rethinking the Esterquats: Synthesis, Stability, Ecotoxicity and Applications of Esterquats Incorporating Analogs of Betaine or Choline as the Cation in Their Structure

Marcin Wysocki, Witold Stachowiak, Mikołaj Smolibowski, Adriana Olejniczak, Michał Niemczak, Julia L. Shamshina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Quaternary Ammonium Salts; Cleavable Compounds; Esters; Environmental Safety; Cationic Surfactants; Biological Activity

Online: 15 April 2024 (14:53:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0967.v1

Exploring the Immune-Related Senescence biomarkers in Predicting Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Yanqiong Gan, Jing Mao, Yuhan He, Zhaoxia Chen, Bo Fan, Qi Shi, Hongbo Qi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; immune infiltration; senescence; WGCNA, machine learning; CECR1; TACC2

Online: 15 April 2024 (13:23:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0032.v1

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease

Fayda Protásio, Carlos Tomaz, Joaquim Brasil-Neto, Pedro Brandão, Nasser Allam, Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: Parkinson’ s disease; neuromodulation; transcranial direct current stimulation – tDCS; movement disorders; mood; sleep; cognition

Online: 1 April 2024 (09:56:57 CEST)

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Abstract Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural changes, and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, pain, and cognitive decline that compromises executive functions (EFs), responsible for the orderly execution of behaviors and tasks of daily life and intentional and directed actions. To this date, a few studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown beneficial effects in PD patients concerning specific motor and non-motor symptoms, targeting the motor cortex and/or prefrontal regions. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left prefrontal tDCS across a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD using established validated scales. Method: Single-blind randomized clinical trial with 18 volunteers with PD, aged between 45 and 80 years (66.1 ± 9.65), who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were submitted to assessments of motor and non-motor functions employing psychometric scales and tests to evaluate EFs and were randomly divided into two groups: control (sham stimulation) and experimental (active stimulation). All participants were involved in three separate tDCS sessions. The anode was positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right supraorbital region, with a direct current intensity of 2mA, lasting 20 minutes. At the end of the three sessions, all participants were reassessed. Results: Significant effects of tDCS on non-motor functions were observed for cognition (verbal fluency of actions, clock copy test, appointment by visual confrontation, and verbal memory with immediate free recall) and subjective assessment of sleep quality (overall restlessness and discomfort in the arms and legs at night, leg and arm cramps at night and distressing dreams). There was also an improvement in the rate of errors and successes for congruent and incongruent stimuli of the Stroop Test. The beneficial effects on motor function were decreased rigidity, improved gait, and greater agility in the finger-tapping test. Conclusion: Three tDCS sessions showed positive results for participants with PD, producing significant improvements in various motor and non-motor functions, including sleep quality, cognition, and EFs. Additionally, the present results indicate that tDCS neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region is feasible, safe, and provides significant objective benefits for PD patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1849.v1

Long-Term Organic Cultivation in Greenhouses Enhances Vegetable Yield and Soil Carbon Accumulation through the Promotion of Soil Aggregation

Lihong Tong, Yingjun Liu, Tian Lan, Xiayan Liu, Lechuan Zhang, Adu Ergu, Yajie Wen, Xiang Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: organic cultivation; soil aggregates; organic carbon fraction; microbial community; enzyme activity

Online: 29 March 2024 (13:20:51 CET)

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The long-term use of fertilizers and pesticides in conventional cultivation has resulted in a decrease in soil productivity and vegetable yields in greenhouses. However, only a limited number of studies have explored the impacts of organic cultivation on greenhouse soil. Specifically, there is a scarcity of research examining the alterations in soil aggregate mediated organic carbon and microbial communities, which are known to enhance soil productivity. This study investigated the properties of soil aggregates, including the levels of organic carbon fractions, microbial community, and enzyme activity with the three aggregate classes microaggregates (<0.25 mm), small macroaggregates (2-0.25 mm) and large macroaggregates (>2 mm). These investigations were conducted under three different cultivation methods in a greenhouse: conventional cultivation (CC), integrated cultivation (IC), and organic cultivation (OC) in greenhouse. The results showed that (1) OC and IC promoted the formation of small macro-aggregates and enhanced aggregate stability compared to CC, (2) SOC in the three size fractions of OC increased by 98.99%-92.06% compared to CC; EOC increased by 98.47%-117.59%; POC increased by 138.59%-208.70%; MBC increased by 104.71%-230.61%; DOC increased by 21.93%-40.90%, respectively; (3) Organic cultivation significantly increased enzyme activity in all three particle size aggregates and increased the relative abundance of bacteria in micro-aggregates as well as the relative abundance of fungi in small macro-aggregates. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis revealed that organic farming practices fostered the development of smaller macro-aggregates, elevated microbial and enzyme activities within soil aggregates, and facilitated the conversion of soil nutrients and carbon sequestration. consequently, this led to an increase in soil organic carbon content and improved vegetable yield in greenhouse environments. In conclusion, the soil carbon content and vegetable yield are enhanced through long-term organic cultivation in greenhouses, primarily by increasing the proportion of small macro-aggregates.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1519.v1

Clinical Significance of the Immunohistochemical Expression of Histone Deacetylases (HDACs)-2, -4 and -5 in Ovarian Adenocarcinomas

Georgia Levidou, Dimitrios Arsenakis, Dimitrios I Bolovis, Roxanne Meyer, Cosima VM Brucker, Thomas Papadopoulos, Stamatios Theocharis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: HDAC; ovarial adenocarcinoma; immunohistochemistry; prognosis

Online: 26 March 2024 (06:47:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1410.v1

The Outcome of the Psychological and Therapeutical Care of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: National African Pilot Study

Yassine BENHADDOUCH, Nour ELhouda Fares, Soumaya BENMAAMAR, Youssef OUAZZANI HOUSNI TOUHAMI, Amine BOUT, Chadya AARAB, Said BOUJRAF, Rachid AALOUANE

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Anxiety; depression; post-traumatic stress; hydroxychloroquine; family support; intensive care

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:08:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1264.v1

Prevalence of Condom Use and Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students of Gulu University.

Brian Otim, Jerom Okot, Ritah Nantale, Winnie Kibone, Grace Madraa, Christopher Okot, Felix Bongomin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Undergraduates; condom use; associated factors; Uganda

Online: 21 March 2024 (08:55:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0331.v1

Application of Optimal Scheduling for SAR Satellite Constellation: Multi-Imaging Mission in High-Density Regional Area

Kimoon Lee, Dongjin Kim, Daewon Chung, Seonho Lee

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Optimal scheduling; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR); Satellite constellation; Multi-imaging mission; High-density regional area; Modified Dynamic Programming (MDP)

Online: 6 March 2024 (07:13:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0070.v1

Aggressiveness in Italian Children with ADHD: Maoa Gene Polymorphisms Involvement

Ludovico Neri, Beatrice Marziani, Pierluigi Sebastiani, Tiziana Del Beato, Alessia Colanardi, Maria Pia Legge, Anna Aureli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: ADHD; Aggressive behavior; MAOA; 5-HTT.

Online: 4 March 2024 (01:25:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1559.v1

Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of CNT/AlN/Silicone Rubber Composites through Directly Grown CNTs on AlN for Reduced Filler Filling Ratio

Naoyuki Matsumoto, Don N. Futaba, Takeo Yamada, Ken Kokubo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Carbon Nanotubes; Thermal conductivity; Aluminum Nitride; Chemical vapor deposition; Anti-hydrolysis; Mechanical property

Online: 27 February 2024 (14:42:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0825.v1

Current Knowledge on the Use of Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery

Beata Wojtczak, Karolina Sutkowska-Stępień, Mateusz Głód, Krzysztof Kaliszewski, Krzysztof Sutkowski, Marcin Barczyński

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: recurrent laryngeal nerves; thyroid surgery; intraoperative nerve monitoring; vocal fold paresis

Online: 15 February 2024 (11:35:59 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0136.v1

Eco-Safety Assessment of Glyoxal-Containing Cellulose Ether on Freeze-Dried Microbial Strain, Cyanobacteria, Daphnia, and Zebrafish

Chang-Beom Park, Min Ju Song, Nak Woon Choi, Sunghoon Kim, Hyun Pyo Jeon, Sanghun Kim, Youngjun Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Aquatic-toxic effects; EU chemical regulation; Glyoxal-containing cellulose ether

Online: 31 January 2017 (12:10:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0044.v1

Using MODIS Data to Predict Regional Corn Yields

Ho-Young Ban, Kwang Soo Kim, No-Wook Park, Byun-Woo Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: MODIS; yield; phenology; LAD; logistic function

Online: 13 October 2016 (04:40:10 CEST)

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A simple approach was developed to predict corn yields using the MoDerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data product from two geographically separate major corn crop production regions: Illinois, USA and Heilongjiang, China. The MOD09A1 data product, which are 8-day interval surface reflectance data, were obtained from day of the year (DOY) 89 to 337 to calculate the leaf area index (LAI). The sum of the LAI from early in the season to a given date in the season [end of DOY (EOD)] was well fitted to a logistic function and represented seasonal changes in leaf area duration (LAD). A simple phenology model was derived to estimate the dates of emergence and maturity using the logistic function parameters b1 and b2, which represented the rate of increase in LAI and the date of maximum LAI, respectively. The phenology model predicted emergence and maturity dates fairly well, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 6.3 and 4.9 days for the validation dataset, respectively. Two simple linear regression models (YP and YF) were established using LAD as the variable to predict corn yield; the yield model (YP) used LAD from predicted emergence to maturity, and the yield model (YF) used LAD for a predetermined period from DOY 89 to a particular EOD. When state/province corn yields for the validation dataset were predicted at DOY 321, near completion of the corn harvest, the YP model performed much better than the YF model, with RMSE values of 0.68 t/ha and 0.66 t/ha for Illinois and Heilongjiang, respectively. The YP model showed a similar or better performance, even for the much earlier yield prediction at DOY 257, compared to that of the YF model. In conclusion, the phenology and yield models were developed based only on logistic changes in remote sensing-derived LAD, and predicted phenological dates and corn yields with considerable accuracy and precision for the two regions selected for this study. However, these models must be examined for spatial portability in more diverse agro-climatic regions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0189.v1

Promoting Effect of Inorganic Alkali on Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in Amine-Modified MCM-41

Yang Teng, Lijiao Li, Gang Xu, Kai Zhang, Kaixi Li

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: amine-modified MCM-41; CO2 adsorption; inorganic alkali; alkali amounts

Online: 22 August 2016 (05:47:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0206.v1

One-Year Effect of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Therapy on HbA1c Levels and Insulin Requirement in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes: A Retrospective Observational Study

Marta Bassi, Marina Francesca Strati, Gaia Spiandorello, Marta Scalas, Federico Cresta, Maria Grazia Calevo, Giuseppe D'Annunzio, Carlo Castellani, Nicola Minuto, Mohamad Maghnie, Rosaria Casciaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: CFRD; cystic fibrosis; diabetes; CFTR modulators; ETI treatment

Online: 4 September 2024 (04:52:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2151.v1

Combining Ability of Capsicum annuum Hybrid for Antioxi-Dant Activities, Polyphenol Content, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Yield, and Yield Components

Muhamad Syukur, Awang Maharijaya, Waras Nurcholis, Arya Widura Ritonga, Arya Yuda Pangestu, Andi Nadia Nurul Lathifa Hatta, Muhammad Ridha Alfarabi Istiqlal, Abdul Hakim, Zulfikar Damaralam Sahid

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: α -glucosidase inhibition; antioxidant; combining ability; heterotic effect; polyphenol content

Online: 30 August 2024 (10:56:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0135.v1

Polyphenols Investigation, Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Species from Southwest Romania Flora

Ludovic Everard Bejenaru, Andrei Biţă, George Dan Mogoşanu, Adina-Elena Segneanu, Antonia Radu, Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu, Cornelia Bejenaru

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis; Romanian flora; polyphenols; UHPLC/MS quantification; antioxidant activity; anticholinesterase activity

Online: 2 August 2024 (10:36:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1883.v1

Carbon Storage Dynamics in Rubber Plantations along an Elevational Gradient in Tropical China

Mohsin Razaq, Qicheng Huang, Feijun Wang, Chang-An Liu, Palingamoorthy Gnanamoorthy, Chenggang Liu, Jianwei Tang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: elevation gradients; age effect; monoculture rubber plantation; carbon (C) stock

Online: 24 July 2024 (11:37:20 CEST)

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Carbon (C) losses due to the conversion of natural forests adversely affect the abiotic components of terrestrial ecosystems. In tropical China, rubber cultivation often extends from its traditional range to elevations of up to 1400 m. However, C storage in rubber plantations across elevation gradients is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated biomass and C storage along elevation gradients in two age groups (8- and 12-year-old) of rubber monoculture plantations in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. We investigated the C distribution across various tree sections, ranging from aboveground biomass (AGB) to belowground biomass (BGB), including litter, big dead branches, and different soil depths. A significant negative correlation was observed between total ecosystem C stocks and elevation in both age groups of rubber plantations. The highest ecosystem C stock of 197.90 Mg C ha–1 was recorded at 900 m in 8-year-old plantations, whereas in 12-year-old rubber plantations, the highest value of 183.12 Mg C ha–1 was found at 700 m. The total ecosystem C stocks decreased to its lowest level at 1000 m in both the 8-year-old and 12-year-old plantations, ranging between 113.05 Mg C ha–1 and 125.75 Mg C ha–1, respectively. We concluded that the total ecosystem C stocks were negatively correlated with elevation and significantly decreased from 8.05% to 51.55% and 11.46% to 42.96% between 700 m and 1100 m in both 8-year-old and 12-year-old plantations, respectively. However, no correlation was observed between the total soil C stocks and elevation in either age group of rubber plantations. Regardless of elevation gradient, the total ecosystem C stock of 12-year-old rubber plantations was 1.98% greater than that of 8-year-old rubber plantations. Biomass was the second largest contributor, while soil accounted for 82% to 90%, and the other factors contributed less than 2% of the total ecosystem C stock in both age groups. These fluctuations in C stocks along elevation gradients in both 8- and 12-year-old plantations suggested that rubber growth, biomass and C storage capacity decreased above 900 m and that age and elevation are key factors for biomass and C storage in monoculture rubber plantations.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1711.v1

Dermatological Neoplastic Diseases Complicating Treatment with Monoclonal Antibody for Multiple Sclerosis

Floriana Bile, Maddalena Sparaco, Eleonora Ruocco, Giuseppina Miele, Elisabetta Maida, Renato Vele, Davide Mele, Simona Bonavita, Luigi Lavorgna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis; Skin cancer; Monoclonal antibodies.

Online: 22 July 2024 (11:47:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0982.v1

Implementation of a Grupal Intervention Program for the Treatment of Obesity in Children: PinPO.

MARIA JOSE COMINO-MONROY, WENCESLAO FERNANDEZ-GALLARDO, Mercedes Gil-Campos, MANGELES ALARCON-ROLDAN, CRISTINA CASTRO-COLLADO, BARBARA LUQUE, SEBASTIAN VIVAS, KATHERINE FLORES-ROJAS

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: childhood; grupal intervention; habits; obesity; treatment

Online: 12 July 2024 (05:57:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1202.v1

Adaptive Evolution Signatures in Prochlorococcus: ORFeome Resources and Insights from Comparative Genomics

Daakour Sarah, David R. Nelson, Weiqi Fu, Ashish Jaiswal, Bushra Dohai, Amnah Salem Alzahmi, Joseph Koussa, Xiaoluo Huang, Yue Shen, Jean-Claude Twizere, Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Prochlorococcus; comparative genomics; deep learning; artificial neural networks; ORFeomes

Online: 17 May 2024 (16:05:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0162.v1

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Electrodiagnosis in the Evaluation of Lumbosacral Radiculopathy in Patients with Clinical Suspicion of the Pathology

Alberto Montaner-Cuello, Santos Caudevilla-Polo, Diego Rodríguez-Mena, Gianluca Ciuffreda, Pilar Pardos-Aguilella, Isabel Albarova-Corral, Jorge Pérez-Rey, Elena Bueno-Gracia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Lumbosacral radiculopathy; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Electrodiagnostic studies; diagnostic tests

Online: 3 May 2024 (11:22:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1514.v1

PhyKIT: A Multitool for Phylogenomics

Jacob Steenwyk, Gemma Martínez-Redondo, Thomas Buida, Emile Gluck-Thaler, Xing-Xing Shen, Toni Gabaldón, Antonis Rokas, Rosa Fernández

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: phylogeny; phylogenomics; sequence alignments; genomics; software tools; comparative genomics

Online: 23 April 2024 (11:20:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1285.v1

Improving the Clinical Utility of Platelet Count in Primary Care with Age- and Sex-Stratified Upper Thresholds Suggestive of an Undiagnosed Cancer: A Cohort Study Set in Primary Care in England, Canada, and Australia

Luke T. A. Mounce, Raff Calitri, Willie Hamilton, Meena Rafiq, Jon D. Emery, Vasily Giannakeas, Joanne Kotsopoulos, Sarah E. R. Bailey

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: cancer; diagnosis; primary care; family medicine; full blood count; platelet count

Online: 19 April 2024 (14:37:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1330.v1

Isoquinoline Alkaloids Interaction With Plasma Proteins

Aleksandra Marciniak, Aleksandra Kotynia, Edward Krzyżak, Żaneta Czyżnikowska, Sylwia Zielińska, Weronika Kozłowska, Marcel Białas, Adam Matkowski, Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: protopine; allocryptopine; albumin; orosomucoid; spectroscopy

Online: 19 April 2024 (10:26:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0503.v1

Formulation and Evaluation of Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets for Controlled Released Chlorzoxazone Delivery

Andreea Creteanu, Gabriela Lisa, Cornelia Vasile, Maria-Cristina Popescu, Daniela Pamfil, Claudiu N. Lungu, Gladiola Tantaru, Alina Diana Panaite

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: chlorzoxazone; collided; chitosan; matrix tablets; controlled release

Online: 8 April 2024 (07:15:31 CEST)

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The release of the active substance from the matrix modified-release tablets based on Kollidon®SR and chitosan depends on its solubility in the dissolution medium and on the composition of the matrix-forming polymers. The study is based on new oral matrix tablets based on Kollidon®SR and chitosan, formulated to optimize the low oral bioavailability of chlorzoxazone, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a class II Biopharmaceutical Classification System. Nine types of chlorzoxazone matrix tablets were obtained using the direct compression method, and their combination at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 chlorzoxazone/ excipients, 20%-40% (w/w) Kollidon®SR, 3-7% (w/w) chitosan and the auxiliary substances were formulated in constant concentrations. Pharmaco-technical characterization included the analysis of flowability and compressibility properties (flow time, friction coefficient, angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr Index), and of pharmaco-chemical characteristics (mass and dose uniformity, thickness, diameter, mechanical strength, Friability, degree of softening, in vitro release profile) of the tablets. Based on the initial evaluation of the pharmaco-technical analysis, pharmaco-chemical characteristics, and in vitro release profile, only three matrix tablet formulations (F1b, F2b, and F3b) were further tested. They were evaluated through Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray Diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro dissolution tests. The three formulations were comparatively studied regarding the release kinetics of active substances using in vitro release testing. The results were analyzed by fitting into four representative mathematical models for the modified release oral formulations. In vitro kinetic study reveals a complex mechanism of release occurring in the first (0 - 2 hours) and second (2.0 hours – 36 hours) steps of drug release. Two factors have been calculated to assess the release profile of chlorzoxazone: f1 - the similarity factor and f2 - the factor difference. The results have shown that both Kollidon®SR and chitosan may be used as matrix-forming agents when combined with chlorzoxazone. In vitro dissolution tests revealed the F2b sample, data suggesting a faster drug release. The three formulations showed optimum pharmaco-technical properties and in vitro kinetic study, and they had tremendous potential to be used in oral pharmaceutical products for the controlled delivery of chlorzoxazone.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0010.v1

Cytomegalovirus DNA Loads in Organs of Congenitally Infected Fetus

Kuniaki Toriyabe, Asa Kitamura, Makoto Ikejiri, Ryotaro Hashizume, Maki Nakamura, Emi Teramoto, Hiroki Takeuchi, Eiji Kondo, Tomoaki Ikeda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: fetal autopsy; congenital cytomegalovirus; cytomegalic inclusion body; cytomegalovirus DNA

Online: 1 April 2024 (09:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1587.v1

Cultivation of Bovine MSCs on Plant-Based Scaffolds in a macrofluidic Single-Use Bioreactor for Cultured Meat

Gilad Gome, Benyamin Chak, Shadi Tawil, Dafna Shpatz, Jonathan Giron, Ilan Brajzblat, Chen Weizman, Andrey Grishko, Sharon Schlesinger, Oded Shoseyov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: fluidics; bioreactors; tissue engineering; cultured meat; scaffolds

Online: 26 March 2024 (10:53:58 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1401.v1

Plasma Metabolite Profiling in the Search for Early-Stage Biomarkers for Lung Cancer: Some Important Breakthroughs

Jill Meynen, Peter Adriaensens, Maarten Criel, Evelyne Louis, Karolien Vanhove, Michiel Thomeer, Liesbet Mesotten, Elien Derveaux

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: biomarkers; lung cancer; metabolomics; NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance)

Online: 25 March 2024 (07:06:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0682.v1

Influence of New Parameterization Schemes on Arctic Sea Ice Simulation

Yang LU, Xiaochun WANG, Yijun He, Jiping Liu, Jiangbo Jin, Jian Cao, Juanxiong He, Yongqiang Yu, Xin Gao, Mirong Song, Yiming Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: Earth System Model; Sea Ice Parameterization Scheme; Arctic Sea Ice; Sea Ice Concentration; Sea Ice Thickness

Online: 12 March 2024 (10:29:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0166.v1

Infectious Diseases and Secondary Antibody Deficiency in Patients from a Mesoregion of São Paulo State

Luiz Euribel Prestes-Carneiro, Paula Andreia Martins Carrilho, Danimelle Francisco Honorato de Barros Torelli, Jose Antonio Nascimento Bressa, Ana Carolina Gomes Parizi, Pedro Henrique Meirelles Vieira, Fernanda Miranda Caliani Sa, Mauricio Domingues Ferreira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Secondary Antibody Deficiency; hypo-γ -globulinemia; infectious diseases ;

Online: 4 March 2024 (15:50:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2132.v1

Walkable Distances to School in Urban, Semi-Urban and Rural Areas: The PACO Y PACA Study

Iván Pinilla-Quintana, Evelyn Martín-Moraleda, Antonio Hernández-Martínez, Carmen Mota, María Teresa Martínez-Romero, Nuria Gómez, María Virginia García-Coll, Esther Cabanillas, Alberto Dorado-Suárez, Maria Paula Santos, Diane Marjorie Crone, Cristina Romero-Blanco, Javier Molina-García, Sandra Mandic, Fabio Jiménez-Zazo, Susana Aznar

Subject: Social Sciences, Transportation Keywords: active transport; walking; built environment; urbanicity; students; education; youth; teenagers

Online: 26 September 2024 (17:09:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1289.v1

The Sixth Mass Extinction and Amphibian Species Sustainability Through Reproduction Biotechnologies, Biobanking, Species Restoration, and Conservation Breeding Programs

Robert K. Browne, Qinghua Lou, Pei Wang, Nabil Mansour, Svetlana A Kaurova, Edith N Gakhova, Natalia V Shishova, Victor K Uteshev, Lyudmilla I Kramarova, Govindappa Venu, Mikhail F Bagaturov, Somaye Vaissi, Pouria Heshmatzad, Peter Janzen, Aleona Swegen, Julie Strand, Dale McGinnity

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Mass extinction; COP 15; COP 28; reproduction technologies; intergenerational justice; de-extinction; climate catastrophe; assisted evolution; terraforming; space colonisation

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:33:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1424.v1

Characterization of Clostridioides difficile Persister Cells and Their Role in Antibiotic Tolerance

Osvaldo Inostroza, Paulina Yáñez, Giovanni Espinoza, Omar Fica, Camila Queraltó, José Rodríguez, Isidora Flores, Ruth González, Jorge A Soto, Juan A Fuentes, Iván L Calderón, Fernando Gil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Clostridiodes difficile; Persisster cells; Antibiotic tolerance

Online: 20 June 2024 (14:46:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1245.v1

Association between Perinatal Outcomes and Maternal Risk Factors: Age, Body Mass Index and Cigarette Smoking

Raquel Martin-Alonso, Paula Prieto, Irene Fernandez Buhigas, Cristina German-Fernandez, Cristina Aramburu, Victor Piqueras, Diana Cuenca-Gomez, Emilia Ferrer, Valeria Rolle, Belen Santacruz, María M. Gil

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: cigarette smoking, body mass index, age, pregnancy, preeclampsia, diabetes, obesity, fetal, labour, birth weight.

Online: 20 May 2024 (08:55:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1081.v1

Useful Clinical Criteria for Identifying Neonates with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection at Birth in the Context of an Expanded Targeted Screening Program

Valeria Poletti de Chaurand, Gaia Scandella, Marianna Zicoia, Francesca Arienti, Federica Fernicola, Laura Lanteri, Diletta Guglielmi, Anna Carli, Maria Viola Vasarri, Lucia Iozzi, Annalisa Cavallero, Sergio Maria Ivano Malandrin, Anna Locatelli, Maria Luisa Ventura, Mariateresa Sinelli, Sara Ornaghi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Cytomegalovirus; screening; targeted; newborn; congenital; infection

Online: 16 May 2024 (10:49:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0852.v1

Ginkgo biloba: A Leaf of Hope in the Fight Against Alzheimer’s Dementia: Clinical Trial Systematic Review

Guilherme Lopes de Oliveira Pagotto, Livia Maria Oliveira dos Santos, Najwa Osman, Caroline Barbalho Lamas, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Karina Torres Pomini, Leila M. Guissoni, Enzo Pereira de Lima, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Virginia M. C. Strozze Catharin, Rosa Direito, Masaru Tanaka, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Alzheimer disease; cognitive dysfunction; Gingko biloba; EGb 761; terpenoids; flavonoids

Online: 12 April 2024 (12:37:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0044.v1

In Vitro and in Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of Extracts from Polyalthia suaveolens, Uvaria angolensis and Monodora tenuifolia (Annonaceae)

Alvine N. Mfopa, Lauve R. Y. Tchokouaha, Cedric D.J. Mbouna, Marthe A. T. Tchuente, Rufin M. T. Kouipou, Patrick V. T. Fokou, Eugenie A. M. Kemgne, Raceline G. Kamkumo, Fabrice F. Boyom

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Polyalthia suaveolens; Uvaria angolensis; Monodora tenuifolia; Plasmodium falciparum K1; toxicity; antimalarial

Online: 8 December 2016 (08:59:49 CET)

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The present study aimed at investigating the in vitro and in vivo susceptibility of malaria parasites to crude extracts and fractions from Polyalthia suaveolens, Uvaria angolensis, and Monodora tenuifolia. The ethanolic extracts were prepared by maceration, and were further partitioned using water, dichloromethane, hexane, and methanol. The most promising fraction was subjected to column chromatography and the sub-fractions tested for activity in vitro. The antiplasmodial effect of extracts and fractions was tested against the Chloroquine resistant (PfK1) strain in 96 wells microtiter plate format using SYBR green florescence assay. The promising fraction was further assessed for cytotoxicity and acute toxicity in Swiss albino mice and subsequently against the rodent malaria parasite, P. berghei. Qualitative phytochemical screening was also performed on the promising fraction. The methanol fractions exerted the overall better effect with that of the twigs of P. suaveolens (PStw(Ace)) showing the highest potency with a IC50 value of 3.24 µg/mL followed by the fractions of leaf of M. tenuifolia (MoTel(Ace), IC50= 3.84 µg/ml) and stem bark of P. suaveolens (IC50= 4.90 µg/ml). The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, lactones, and phenols in the more active fraction of P. suaveolens (PStw(Ace)). The chromatographic fractionation of this fraction led to 12 sub-fractions with PS8 sub-fraction being the most active (IC50= 4.42 µg/mL). In vivo, oral administration of 2000 mg/kg b.w of fraction PStw(Ace) in mice showed no signs of toxicity. Also, fraction PStw(Ace) at 400 mg/kg b.w exerted the highest suppressive effect against P. berghei strain B throughout the 4 days experiment (% parasitaemia below 5.2%). Overall, the results achieved supported the use of the three plants in the traditional treatment of malaria in Cameroon. More interestingly, the methanolic fraction of the twigs extract from P. suaveolens might be of interest in future development of an antimalarial phytodrug.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1789.v1

Real-World Effectiveness of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Zimbabwe during the Omicron Variant Dominance: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study

Azure Tariro Makadzange, Patricia Gundidza, Kimberley Konono, Margaret Gurumani, Chiratidzo Ndhlovu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Vaccine Effectiveness; Inactivated Vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; Omicron Variant; Test-Negative Case-Control Study; Zimbabwe; Sinopharm; Sinovac

Online: 24 September 2024 (05:03:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0899.v1

Beta Spike-Presenting SARS-CoV-2 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Confers Broad Protection against Other VOCs in Mice

Irfan Ullah, Kelly Symmes, Kadiatou Keita, Li Zhu, Michael W. Grunst, Wenwei Li, Walther Mothes, Priti Kumar, Pradeep D. Uchil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; virus-like particles; intranasal; intramuscular; neutralizing antibodies; variants of concern; cross-VOC protection; beta; omicron

Online: 13 June 2024 (07:13:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1068.v1

A Review of Fetal Development in Pregnancies with Maternal Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)‐ Associated Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal (HPA) Axis Dysregulation: Exploring Links to Pregestational Prediabetes

Mathuli Ngema, Nombuso Duduzile Xulu, Phikelelani Siphosethu Ngubane, Andile Khathi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; prediabetes; pregnancy; Maternal HPA axis; fetal HPA axis; programming; fetal development; placenta; glucocorticoids; metabolic diseases

Online: 16 April 2024 (17:24:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0120.v1

Validation of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Microneutralization Assay for Evaluation of Vaccine Immunogenicity

Stephanie Hamilton, Mingzhu Zhu, Shane Cloney Clark, Penny Mayes, Jen Fenner, Leah Cui, Rongman Cai, Raj Kalkeri, Louis F Fries, Melinda Pryor, Joyce Plested

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: microneutralization; COVID-19; Omicron variant; wildtype; Live virus,; XBB.1.5; MN50; SARS CoV-2; variants of concern; BSL-3

Online: 4 December 2023 (03:43:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1790.v1

Humoral Response to Dengue Virus Infections Potentiates Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2

Guilherme C Lechuga, Jairo R Temerozo, Paloma Napoleão-Pêgo, Dumit C Bou-Habib, Carlos M Morel, David W Provance-Jr, Thiago M.L. Souza, Salvatore Giovanni De-Simone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Spike protein; B-cell epitope mapping; COVID-19; DENV; SARS-CoV-2 variants; Vaccination; Cross-reactivity; Antibody-mediated enhancement.

Online: 26 July 2023 (09:41:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1299.v1

From Synthalin to Metformin:is a Century Cycle of Biguanides as Oral Antidiabetic drugs Now Closed?

Giuliano Pasquale Ramadori

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: guanidene,metformin, diabetes mellitus type 2, vomit, diarrhea acidosis loss of body weight laxatives, malabsorption,anemia, dehydration,kidney injury

Online: 19 July 2023 (08:39:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1651.v1

Perspectives of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergic Diseases

Miguel Ángel Galván-Morales

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Proteomics; ELISA; mass spectrometry; Liquid chromatography; Luminex; Uniprot; Rosseta comment; Mascot; allergy respiratory disease; inflammation type 2; diapedesis; epitopo

Online: 23 June 2023 (09:46:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0418.v1

A Testing Framework for AI Linguistic Systems (testFAILS)

Yulia Kumar, Patricia Morreale, Peter Sorial, Justin Delgado, J. Jenny Li, Patrick Martins

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: keyword 1; chatbots 2; chatbot validation 3; bots 4; A Testing Framework for AI Linguistic Systems (testFAILS) 5; AIDoctor

Online: 6 June 2023 (08:26:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1063.v1

Empagliflozin Attenuates Vascular Calcification in Mice with Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating the NFR2/HO-1 Anti-Inflammatory Pathway through AMPK Activation

Chia-Wen Lu, Chung-Jen Lee, Yi-Jen Hsieh, Bang-Gee Hsu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: empagliflozin; vascular calcification; AMP-activated protein kinase; nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor; heme oxygenase 1; chronic kidney disease

Online: 27 April 2023 (09:35:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0208.v1

Efficient Lung Ultrasound Classification

Antonio Bruno, Giacomo Ignesti, Ovidio Salvetti, Davide Moroni, Massimo Martinelli

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Convolutional Neural Networks; EfficientNet; Lung Ultrasound; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Pneumonia; Ensemble; Computer Vision; Supervised Learning; Deep Learning

Online: 13 March 2023 (02:41:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0278.v1

Self-Reported Adverse Events after Primary COVID-19 Vaccination in Bulgarian Healthcare Workers

Vanya Rangelova, Ralitsa Dimitrova Raycheva, Ani Kevorkyan, Sara Sariyan, Valeri Tzekov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; mRNA vaccine; adenoviral vector vaccine; adverse event; local adverse event; systemic adverse event

Online: 16 February 2023 (08:00:51 CET)

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The immunization of healthcare workers in the early stages of the rollout of COVID-19 vaccines was prioritized in order to ensure uninterrupted medical care provision. At the same time the increasing number of available COVID-19 vaccines may trigger hesitancy towards the decision to get vaccinated. Thus, accumulating reliable information on the adverse events following immunization may educate and urge the general population to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. The present study aimed to evaluate the adverse events (AEs) following immunization with any of the available COVID-19 vaccine among Bulgarian healthcare workers (HCWs). A cross-sectional study among HCWs in Plovdiv, Bulgaria was conducted in the period March – September 2021. Through a semi-structured online questionnaire, the participants reported the adverse events following the administration of the first and second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 253 respondents, vaccinated with one of the available vaccines against COVID-19 took part in the study. Of them 71.9% were females, and 75.9% received mRNA-based vaccines, while 24.1% received a viral-vector based vaccine. Overall 91.6% and 82.6% of all participants reported at least one local AE after the first and second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The share of respondents reporting at least one systemic AE after the first and second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine was 59.7% and 62.4% respectively. The most common local AE was pain at the injection spot (84.0%), while the most common systemic AEs were fatigue (54.9%), chills (43.2%), and headache (41.7%). The mRNA-based vaccines versions seem to cause higher prevalence of local AEs, while the vector-based vaccines were linked with increased prevalence of systemic AEs. Female HCWs and the younger age group were associated with an increased risk of adverse events generally. Our results added more evidence that mRNA-based and viral-vector based vaccines are generally safe. The reported adverse events were mild, although they occurred in a high share of the respondents. No serious AEs attributable to the vaccines were reported.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0064.v2

Burn Severity and Land-Use Legacy Influence Bird Abundance in the Atlantic-Mediterranean Biogeographic Transition

Concepción García-Redondo, Paula Fernández-Moure, Miguel Cánibe, Luis Tapia, Alberto Gil-Carrera, Alba Lombao, Montserrat Díaz-Raviña, Adrian Regos

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Bird response; burn severity indices; land-use legacy; Poisson GLMs; time since fire; time series of satellite images

Online: 4 May 2023 (02:51:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0392.v1

Comparison of Four Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory samples from Tunja, Boyacá - Colombia

Lorenzo Hernando Salamanca Neita, Óscar Leonardo Carvajal Rojas, Juan Pablo Carvajal Rojas, Ruth Maribel Forero, Niya Alexandra Segura

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV2), COVID-19, molecular diagnostics, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)

Online: 23 August 2022 (03:55:44 CEST)

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Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2. In Colombia, many commercial methods are now available to perform the RT-qPCR assays, and the laboratories must evaluate its diagnostic accuracy to ensure reliable results to suspected COVID-19 patients. The purpose of the study was to compare four commercial RT-qPCR assays for detection of SARS-CoV2 virus, from nasopharyngeal swab samples referred to Laboratorio Carvajal IPS, SAS of Tunja, Boyacá - Colombia. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 152 samples of respiratory tract samples (Nasopharyngeal Swab) from patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnostic accuracy of GeneFinderTM COVID-19 Plus RealAmp (In Vitro diagnostic), One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR (Vitro Master diagnostica), Berlin modified protocol and gold standard Berlin protocol (Berlin Charite Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit, New England Biolabs) as reference was assessed. Operational characteristics were estimated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, agreement, and predictive values. Results: Using Berlin Charite Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit as reference, the sensitivity/specificity for the diagnostic tests were found to be GeneFinderTM COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit 100%/92.7%, One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR, One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR 92.75%/67.47%, and Berlin modified protocol 100%/96.39%. The results of four commercially available methods were found to be consistent with those obtained from Berlin Modified protocol analysis for % of the samples and showed good agreement (κ= 0.96). Concordant SARS-CoV2 negative and positive RT-qPCR results were reported for xxx and xxx samples, respectively. Summarize something about the Ct. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that all commercially available methods are rapid and reliable for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 virus associated with COVID-19. One-Step RT-qPCR Kit and GeneFinderTM COVID-19 Plus RealAmp assay show optimal sensitivity compared with Belin modified protocol. In addition, there is no significant correlation between xxxxx

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0426.v1

Predicting the Cross-Coordinated Immune Response Dynamics in Sars-Cov-2 Infection: Implications for Disease Pathogenesis

Dmitry Grebennikov, Antonina Karsonova, Marina Loginova, Valentina Casella, Andreas Meyerhans, Gennady Bocharov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection; innate immune response; antigen-specific immune response; kinetic coordination; mathematical model; pathogenesis, long COVID-19

Online: 27 July 2022 (15:11:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0323.v1

A Novel Triple Radar Arrangement for Level 2 ADAS Detection System in Autonomous Vehicles

Javad Enayati, Pedram Asef, Yeshwanth Jonnalagadda

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Autonomous vehicles, triple radar, Level 2 ADAS system, lane keeping assistance, nonlinear model predictive controller, safety, autonomous emergency braking.

Online: 23 June 2022 (10:36:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0336.v1

LncRNA Prostate Androgen-Regulated Transcript 1 (Part-1) Promotes the Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer Progression via Regulating miR-204-3p/IGFBP-2 pathway

Kenfen Li, Yanping Zhang, Yunfeng Wang, Xin Guo, Xianhui Dai, Li Song

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Long non-coding RNA; Prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1; miR-204-3p; insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2

Online: 24 May 2022 (11:57:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0141.v1

Detecting Tropical Forest Degradation Using Optical Satellite Data: An Experiment in Peru Show Texture at 3 M Gives Best Results

Chiara Aquino, Edward T. A. Mitchard, Iain M. McNicol, Harry Carstairs, Andrew Burt, Beisit Luz Puma Vilca, Sylvia Mayta, Mathias Disney

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: forest degradation; biomass change; texture analysis; NDVI; earth observation; satellite data; PlanetScope; WorldView-3; Sentinel-2; Landsat; SkySat; SPOT

Online: 9 February 2022 (13:38:19 CET)

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Forest degradation is known to be widespread in the tropics, but is currently very poorly mapped, in part because there is little quantitative data on which satellite sensor characteristics and analysis methods are best at detecting it. To improve this, we used data from the Tropical Forest Degradation Experiment (FODEX) plots in the southern Peruvian Amazon, where different numbers of trees had been removed from four 1 ha forest plots, carefully inventoried by hand and Terrestrial Laser Scanning before and after the logging to give a range of biomass change (ΔAGB) values. We conducted a comparative study of six multispectral optical satellite sensors (WorldView-3, SkySat, SPOT-7, PlanetScope, Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8) at 0.3 – 30 m spatial resolution, to find the best combination of sensor and remote sensing indicator for change detection. Spectral reflectance, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and texture parameters were extracted after radiometric calibration and image preprocessing. The strength of the relationships between the change in these values and field-measured ΔAGB (computed in % ha−1) was analysed. The results demonstrate that: (a) texture measures correlates more with ΔAGB than simple spectral parameters; (b) the strongest correlations are achieved for those sensors with spatial resolutions in the intermediate range (1.5 - 10 m), with finer or coarser resolutions producing worse results, and (c) when texture is computed using a moving square window ranging between 9 - 14 m in length. Maps predicting ΔAGB showed very promising results using a NIR-derived texture parameter for 3 m resolution PlanetScope (R2 = 0.97 and RMSE = 1.80 % ha−1), followed by 1.5 m SPOT-7 (R2 = 0.74 and RMSE = 5.25 % ha−1) and 10 m Sentinel-2 (R2 = 0.71 and RMSE = 5.55 % ha−1). Texture models derived from 0.3 m WorldView-3 improved with increasing window size, with highest R2 of 0.62 and RMSE = 6.35 % ha−1 for a window of 14 m in length. The degradation in our field plots is invisible to the 30 m resolution Landsat data. Our findings imply that, at least for lowland Peru, low-medium intensity disturbance can be detected best in optical wavelengths using a texture measure derived from 3 m PlanetScope data. That such data are being collected daily, and currently released free as monthly mosaics over tropical forests as part of the Norway’s International Climate and Forest Initiative (NICFI), is excellent news for monitoring such degradation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0590.v2

How One Pandemic Led To Another: Was African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) The Disruption Contributing To Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars‑cov‑2) Emergence?

Wei Xia, Joseph Hughes, David Robertson, Xiaowei Jiang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: African swine fever virus (ASFV); Pork shortage; Alternative meat consumption; Wildlife; Human-animal contact; Zoonotic spillover; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 25 January 2022 (10:01:12 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0097.v5

Why Blood Group A Individuals Are at Risk Whereas Blood Group O Individuals Might Be Protected from SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Hypothesis Regarding How the Virus Invades the Human Body via Abo(H) Blood Group-Determining Carbohydrates

Peter Arend

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2–human carbohydrate interaction; trans-species glycosylation; A-like/Tn structure; trans-species glycan bridge

Online: 13 November 2020 (09:42:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0346.v1

A Hundred Lives Lost: Doctor Deaths in India During the Times of COVID-19

Rajeev Jayadevan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; deaths; doctor; nurse; pharmacist; healthcare worker; frontline; occupational risk; suicide; violent death; accident; pandemic; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 16 July 2020 (08:28:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0199.v1

Revealing SARS-CoV-2 Functional Druggability Through Multi-Target Cadd Screening of Repurposable Drugs

Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Ajay Bharti, Daniel Becker, Rathi Brijesh, Steven B Bradfute, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; CADD; virtual screening; approved drugs; drug repurposing; essential targets; molecular docking; molecular dynamics simulations

Online: 11 May 2020 (13:14:18 CEST)

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The emergence of SARS/MERS drug resistant COVID-19 with high transmission and mortality has recently been declared a deadly pandemic causing economic chaos and significant health problems. Like all coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 is a large virus that has many druggable components within its proteome. In this study, we focused on repurposing approved and investigational drugs by identifying potential drugs that are predicted to effectively inhibit critical enzymes within SARS-CoV-2. We shortlisted seven target proteins with enzymatic activities known to be essential at different stages of the virus life cycle. For virtual screening, the energy minimization of a crystal structure or modeled protein was carried out using Protein Preparation Wizard (Schrödinger LLC, 2020-1). Following active site selection based on data mining and COACH predictions, we performed a high-throughput virtual screen of drugs (n=5903) that are already approved by worldwide regulatory bodies including the FDA, using the ZINC database. Screening was performed against viral targets using three sequential docking modes (i.e. HTVS, SP and XP). Our in-silico virtual screening identified ~290 potential drugs based on the criteria of energy, docking parameters, ligand and binding site strain and score. Drugs specific to each target protein were further analyzed for binding free energy perturbation by molecular mechanics (prime MM-GBSA) and pruning the hits to the top 32 candidates. A top lead from each target group was further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) using the Desmond module to validate the efficacy of the screening pipeline. All of the simulated hit-target complexes were predicted to strongly interact and with highly stable binding. Thus, we have identified a number of approved and investigational drugs with high likelihood of inhibiting a variety of key SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Follow-up studies will continue to identify inhibitors suitable for combination therapy based on drug-drug synergy to thwart resistance. In addition, the screening hits that we have identified provide excellent probes for understanding the binding properties of the active sites of all seven targets, further enabling us to derive consensus molecules through computer-aided drug design (CADD). While infections are expanding at a rampant pace, it must be recognized that resistance will grow commensurately through either genetic shift and/or genetic drift to all small molecule drugs identified. Vaccines should provide a more permanent solution through prevention, but resistivity is still a possible scenario. Nevertheless, a persistent multi-target drug development program is essential to curb this ongoing pandemic and to keep reemergence in check.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0543.v1

The New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): What Do We Know So Far?

Sammer Tang, Mike Brady, Jo Mildenhall, Ursula Rolfe, Alex Bowles, Kirsty Morgan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pandemic; Paramedic; Infection prevention and control; Aerosols; Aerosol Generating Procedures; Novel virus; Wellbeing

Online: 30 April 2020 (17:20:55 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Report of a ‘Consensus’ on the Lines of Treatment for Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia in Adults, Promoted by the Italian Gruppo di Studio delle Piastrine

Lorenzo Cirasino, Anna M. Robino, GianMarco Podda, Emmanuel Andrès, Jenny M. Despotovic, Mohsen Elalfy, Andreas Holbro, Tadakazu Kondo, Michele P. Lambert, Sandra R. Loggetto, Keith R. McCrae, Jong Wook Lee, Marco Cattaneo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: adult 1; classification 2; consensus 3; goal 4; guideline 5; immune thrombocytopenia 6; indication 7; ITP 8; therapy 9

Online: 28 February 2020 (16:18:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0131.v1

The Monoclonal Antibody Recognized Apoptosis-Associated Protein in PCV2-Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Ling-Chu Hung

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: epitope; monoclonal antibodies; open reading frame 3 protein; apoptosis; p53; porcine circovirus type 2; thimerosal; interfere; antibody binding; lymphocyte

Online: 12 November 2019 (16:20:27 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0294.v1

Sequential MCR via Staudinger/aza-Wittig versus Cycloaddition Reaction to Access Diversely Functionalized 1-amino-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thiones

Cecilia Ciccolini, Giacomo Mari, Gianfranco Favi, Fabio Mantellini, Lucia De Crescentini, Stefania Santeusanio

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: multicomponent reaction; α-halohydrazones; staudinger reaction; aza-wittig; 1h-imidazole-2(3h)-thione; 2h-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine

Online: 26 September 2019 (09:46:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0053.v2

Vibration Control Design for a Plate Structure with Electrorheological ATVA Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System

Chih-Jer Lin, Chun-Ying Lee, Ying Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Electro-Rheological fluid; Semi-active vibration control; tunable vibration absorber; type-1 fuzzy control; interval type-2 fuzzy control

Online: 23 May 2017 (15:58:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1818.v3

Is modern medicine in need of an overhydration marker in kidney failure? The accuracy of available fluid overload markers and the potential of the new ones.

Barbara Emilia Nikitiuk, Alicja Rydzewska-Rosołowska, Katarzyna Kakareko, Irena Głowińska, Tomasz Hryszko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: fluid status; overhydration; hydration status; renal failure; kidney failure; heart failure; Ca-125; NT-pro-BNP; VEXUS; BIS

Online: 5 October 2023 (14:28:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0995.v1

Rationale and Protocol of ETERNITY-ITA Study: Use of Etelcalcetide for Preserving Vitamin K-Dependent Protein Activity Italian Study

Maria Fusaro, Andrea Aghi, Carmela Marino, Francesca Mallamaci, Mario Plebani, Martina Zaninotto, Maria Grano, Silvia Concetta Colucci, Maurizio Gallieni, Thomas L. Nickolas, Sandro Giannini, Stefania Sella, Paolo Simioni, Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Guglielmi, Fulvia Taddei, Enrico Schileo, Maria Carmela Versace, Giovanni Luigi Tripepi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Bone fractures; Etecalcetide; Hemodialysis; Vascular calcification; Vitamin K.

Online: 14 August 2024 (07:14:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0177.v1

Phenotypic Variability of LGMD 2C/R5 in a Genetically Homogenous Group of Bulgarian Muslim Roma

Ani Taneva, David Gresham, Velina Guergueltcheva, Teodora Chamova, Veneta Bojinova, Mariana Gospodinova, Maria Katzarova, Radoslav Petkov, Thomas Voit, Lidia Aneva, Ognyan Asenov, Bilyana Georgieva, Violeta Mihaylova, Stoyan Bichev, Tihomir Todorov, Albena Todorova, Luba Kalaydjieva, Ivailo Tournev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: LGMD 2C/R5; gamma-sarcoglycanopathy; Bulgarian Muslim Roma

Online: 2 August 2024 (11:20:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2486.v1

Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Link between Blood Flow, Muscle Health, and Brain Function

Enzo Pereira de Lima, Masaru Tanaka, Caroline Barbalho Lamas, Karina Quesada, Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi, Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi, Adriano Cressoni Araújo, Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin, Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro, Edgar Baldi Junior, Fidencio Rahal Ferraz, Vitor Cavallari Strozze Catharin, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: vascular diseases; vascular atrophy; cognitive dysfunction; neurodegenerative diseases; oxidative stress; inflammation; aging; insulin resistance; nutrients; comorbidity

Online: 30 July 2024 (16:53:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1508.v1

Incorporation Impact of Fucoxanthin‐Loaded Nanoliposome in Yogurt on Its Antioxidant, Physicochemical and Rheological Properties under Cold Storage Condition

Miguel Ángel Robles-García, Carmen Lizette Del-Toro-Sánchez, Germán Limón-Vargas, Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí, María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa, Fridha Viridiana Villalpando-Vargas, Brenda Vega-Ruiz, Thalía Bernal-Mercado, Rey David Iturralde-García, Reyna Guadalupe López-Berrellez, Ricardo Iván González-Vega

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: fucoxanthin-loaded nanoliposomes; functional foods; Enriched yogurt formulation

Online: 19 July 2024 (11:56:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1295.v1

DiADEM - Dance Against Dementia Effect of a Six-Month Dance Intervention on Physical Fitness in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Ulrich Thiel, Marvin Stiebler, Berit K. Labott, Johanna Bappert, Corinna Langhans, Nicole Halfpaap, Bernhard Grässler, Fabian Herold, Stefanie Schreiber, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Patrick Müller, Notger Müller, Anita Hökelmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: geriatrics; prevention; sportive dance training; cardiorespiratory fitness; physical fitness

Online: 16 July 2024 (08:49:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1084.v1

Histology of the Primary Tumor, Lymph Node, and Tumor Size upon Neoadjuvant Treatment Predict Effectiveness of Complete Pathologic Response in Patients Undergoing Primary Lung Cancer Resections

Fuad Damirov, Mircea Gabriel Stoleriu, Farkhad Manapov, Enole Boedeker, Sascha Dreher, Sibylle Gerz, Thomas Hehr, Evelin Sandner, German Ott, Rudolf Alexander Hatz, Gerhard Preissler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; PET/CT-scan; lymph node staging; neoadjuvant therapy; pathological response; tumor regression; overall survival

Online: 15 July 2024 (13:04:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0605.v1

Relationship of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Oral and Intestinal Microbiota: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Takaaki Matsui, Toshiya Morozumi, Yuko Yamamoto, Takashi Kobayashi, Ryo Takuma, Masato Yoneda, Asako Nogami, Takaomi Kessoku, Muneaki Tamura, Yoshiaki Nomura, Toru Takahashi, Yohei Kamata, Shuntaro Sugihara, Kyoko Arai, Masato Minabe, Norio Aoyama, Kenji Mitsudo, Atsushi Nakajima, Motohiro Komaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: microbiota; oral bacteria; intestinal bacteria; hepatocellular cancer; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis

Online: 11 June 2024 (08:42:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0320.v1

Fungal Bioluminescence: Past, Present and Future

Wenhua Lu, Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith Priyashantha, Mahesh Chathuranga Abraham Galappaththi, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Dong-Qing Dai, Nimesha Madushani Patabendige, Bhagya M. Premarathne, Dinesh M Kulasuriya, Aseni N Ediriweera, Thilina Nimalrathna, Nakarin Suwannarach, Saisamorn Lumyong, Alvin M.C. Tang, Shi-Cheng Shao, Samantha C. Karunarathna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biodiversity; Bioluminescence; Distribution; Luciferin-luciferase; Mushrooms

Online: 5 June 2024 (14:15:10 CEST)

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