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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1678.v1

Pre-composting of the Invasive Macrophyte Rugulopteryx okamurae – Terrestrial Isopods to Recycle Their Massive Upwellings?

Daniel Patón, García-Gómez José Carlos

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Porcellio laevis; Rugulopteryx okamurae; bioremediation; biological invasion; algal blooms

Online: 29 February 2024 (09:52:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1127.v1

Determinants of Dogs’ Helminth Treatment-Seeking Behavior among Dog Owners in Rural Northern Tanzania: Towards Control of Taenia multiceps, an Emerging Threat to Small Ruminants’ Productivity

Tito Kibona, Joram Buza, Gabriel Shirima

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: Taenia multiceps; dogs; determinants; deworming-seeking behavior; celebral coenurosis

Online: 20 February 2024 (10:30:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0893.v1

Dynamic and Floristic Structure of Kouampante Community Forest (Savannahs’ Region, Togo)

Kossi Senyo EHLUI

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Community forest; Landscape restoration; biodiversity; Koampante; Savannah Region; Togo

Online: 16 February 2024 (07:05:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1386.v2

Enterococci from Food-producing Animals at a Slaughterhouse: Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity in Turkey

Tugba Cebeci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; carcass; Enterococcus spp.; MALDI-TOF MS; slaughterhouse

Online: 30 January 2024 (04:03:53 CET)

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Enterococci are widely acknowledged as prominent pathogens in hospitals, with the potential to transfer resistance genes, virulence factors, or other characteristics that increase their ability to survive in humans. Healthy cattle, sheep, and goats can be reservoirs for gastrointestinal pathogenic fecal enterococci, some of which could be multidrug-resistant to antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Enterococcus species in healthy sheep, goat, and cattle carcasses, as well as to analyze the antimicrobial resistance phenotype/genotype and the virulence gene content. During 2019–2020, carcass surface samples of 150 ruminants were collected in a slaughterhouse. A total of 90 enterococci, comprising 5 species, were obtained. The overall prevalence of enterococci was found to be 60%, out of which 37.7% were identified as E. hirae, 33.3% as E. casseliflavus, 15.5% as E. faecium, 12.2% as E. faecalis, and 1.1% as E. gallinarum. Virulence-associated genes of efaA (12.2%) were commonly observed in the Enterococcus isolates, followed by gelE (3.3%), asaI (3.3%), and ace (2.2%). Characteristic resistance genes were identified by PCR with an incidence of 6.6%, 2.2%, 1.1%, 1.1%, 1.1%, and 1.1% for the tetM, ermB, ermA, aac(6’)Ie-aph(2")-la VanC1, and VanC2 genes, respectively. The high resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin (28.8%), tetracycline (21.1%), ampisilin (20%), and rifampin (15.5%) was distributed among two, four, four, and five of the five species, respectively. The resistance of Enterococcus isolates to 11 antibiotic groups was determined and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains occupied 18.8% of the Enterococcus isolates. Efflux pump genes causing multidrug resistance were detected in Enterococcus isolates (34.4%). The study's results showed that there were enterococci in the slaughterhouse that were multidrug resistant (MDR) and had a number of genes linked to virulence that could be harmful to human health.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1088.v1

Numerical Simulation Approaches for Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines: Investigating Airfoil Design and Predictive Techniques

Ayomide Adesiyan, Olumide Akinnawo

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Lift-Drag coefficient, Airfoil, numerical simulation, NACA 4412, CFD

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:43:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1976.v1

Recovery of a Population of Slimy Sculpin After an Autumn Fish Kill in the Headwaters of a Minnesota Trout Stream

Neal D Mundahl

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: fish kill; recovery; sculpin; instream movements; reproduction; Uranidea cognata

Online: 26 December 2023 (10:21:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1745.v1

Transcription Factor OsbZIP60-Like Regulating OsP5CS1 Gene and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2-AP) Biosynthesis in Aromatic Rice

Gegen Bao, Umair Ashraf, Lin Li, Jingxuan Qiao, Chunling Wang, Yixiog Zheng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Fragrant rice; 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline; OsP5CS1; OsbZIP60-like

Online: 28 November 2023 (03:45:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1185.v1

Isoprenylated Flavonoids and 2-Arylbenzofurans from the Root Bark of Morus alba L. and Their Cytotoxic Activity of against HGC27 Cancer Cells

Hang Yi Pu, Dong Yi Cao, Xue Zhou, Fu Li, Lun Wang, Ming Kui Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Morus alba L.; gastric cancer; HGC27 cells; cytotoxic activities

Online: 21 November 2023 (10:26:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1051.v1

Proteomics Applications in Toxoplasma gondii: Unveiling the Host-Parasite Interactions and Therapeutic Target Discovery

Bin Deng, Laura Vanagas, Sergio O. Angel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; proteomics; host-parasite interactions; PTMs; drug discovery

Online: 16 November 2023 (07:46:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0846.v1

Bacterial Virus Forcing of Bacterial O-Antigen Shields: Lessons From Coliphages

Andrey V. Letarov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: bacteriophage; host range; O antigen; E. coli; bacteriophage adsorption

Online: 14 November 2023 (07:50:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0763.v1

Antifungal Activity of Industrial Bacillus Strains against Mycogone perniciosa the Causative Agent of Cultivated Mushrooms Wet Bubble Disease

Irina Igorevna Novikova, Julia Anatolievna Titova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Mycogone perniciosa; Bacillus subtilis; industrial Bacillus strains; microbiocontrol; antifungal activity; producer strains; biological efficacy; multirecycled spent mushroom substrates; multirecycled SMS aqueous extracts; submerged multibiorecycled biologics

Online: 12 June 2023 (04:56:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2399.v1

Identification and Analysis of Anticancer Therapeutic Targets from the Polysaccharides PSK and PSP Using Inverse Docking

Carlos Iván López-Gil, Alejandro Téllez-Jurado, Marco Antonio Velasco-Velázquez, Miguel Angel Anducho-Reyes

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: PSK; PSP; inverse docking; carcinogenic proteins; Trametes versicolor; bioinformatics; immunostimulant

Online: 30 September 2024 (10:42:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2119.v1

Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of the Terpenoid Synthase Gene Family in Physcomitrella patens

Wei Ma, Xiukun Wan, Ge Yao, Penggang Han, Hui Jiang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Physcomitrella patens; Terpene Synthase; Abiotic Stress; Gene Family; Expression Analysis

Online: 29 September 2024 (11:01:19 CEST)

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Terpenoids are crucial secondary metabolites found in plants, essential for numerous physiological functions such as defense strategies, signal communication, and adaptation to environmental stresses. The enzymes referred to as Terpene Synthases (TPS) play crucial roles in the production of these compounds, fulfilling an essential role throughout the entire biosynthetic pathway.Despite their importance, systematic studies on the TPS genome in Physcomitrium patens (P. patens) remain inadequate. This research offers an extensive bioinformatics evaluation of the TPS genes in P. patens, aiming to clarify their possible functions in plant development, growth, and responses to stress. Preliminary examinations were conducted on the physicochemical characteristics, secondary protein structures, subcellular distribution, and genetic configurations of the TPS genes in P. patens. Initial analyses were performed on the physicochemical properties, protein secondary structures, subcellular localization, and gene structures of the TPS genes in P. patens. The findings demonstrate that TPS family members are dispersed across six chromosomes, with ten TPS family members identified. Analysis of conserved motifs revealed that the PpTPS members exhibit high sequence conservation, suggesting that these enzymes maintain stable structural characteristics during terpene synthesis. Further examination of evolutionary pressures indicated that TPS family members are predominantly subjected to purifying selection, which helps preserve the structural stability of TPS enzymes. Furthermore, an analysis of cis-acting elements indicated that TPS genes might respond to various factors, including light, plant hormones, tissue development, and environmental stressors. This suggests that TPS genes could be vital in managing how plants adapt to changes in their environment. Tissue expression profiling revealed that TPS family members have significant functions across various developmental stages and tissues. This is demonstrated by qRT-PCR analyses, indicating that the expression of the PpTPS gene is influenced by abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), sodium chloride (NaCl), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The findings suggest that the PpTPS genes could play an essential role in the functional development of plant leaves and in their responses to abiotic stress.In summary, this research presents a comprehensive examination of the TPS family members in P. patens, yielding important perspectives on the functions of the PpTPS7 and PpTPS8 genes in the development of leaves and responses to abiotic stress.The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of TPS genes and present new perspectives and strategies for the enhancement and application of P. patens.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1082.v1

Effect of Temperature Over the Growth and Biofilm Formation of the Thermotolerant Aspergillus flavus

José Alejandro Hernández-Benítez, Brenda Nallely Santos-Ocampo, Daniel Genaro Rosas-Ramírez, Adrian Ramírez-Granillo, Luis Antonio Bautista-Hernández, Víctor Manuel Bautista-de Lucio, Nestor Octavio Pérez, Aída Verónica Rodríguez-Tovar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Aspergillus flavus; biofilm; thermotolerant; extracellular matrix; lipid droplets; antifungal susceptibility

Online: 13 September 2024 (11:25:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0736.v1

Discovery of Gibellula floridensis from Infected Spiders and Analysis of the Surrounding Fungal Entomopathogen Community

Ross A. Joseph, Abolfazl Masoudi, Mateo J Valdiviezo, Nemat O Keyhani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: spider; insect and spider fungal pathogens; Gibellula; habitat; amplicon sequencing

Online: 10 September 2024 (09:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0500.v1

Commiphora myrrha Resin Extract-Modulated Cytochrome P-450 2C9 Enzyme Expression Is Associated with Resin Extract-Derived Metabolites Binding to Pregnane X Receptor

Amani Alsharidah, Zeyad Alehaideb, Sahar Alghamdi, Rasha Suliman, Saleh Althenayyan, Feras Almourfi, Bader Hazzazi, Aljawhara Almogren, Abeer Altuwaijri, Mohamed Boudjelal, Afrah AlKhuraiji, Sabine Matou-Nasri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Commiphora myrrha; Cytochrome P-450 2C9; Diayangambin; Herb-Drug Interactions

Online: 9 September 2024 (02:58:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0175.v1

The Seeds Combining Pyrrolidine Controlling the Framework Al Distribution of FER Zeolites to Enhance Its Performance in the Skeletal Isomerization of n-Butene

Jinlong Fan, Xuedong Zhu, Fan Yang, Yarong Xu, Lantian Chen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Chemical Engineering Keywords: FER zeolites; seed; Pyrrolidine; Al distribution; n-Butene; Skeletal isomerization

Online: 3 September 2024 (09:49:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1995.v1

Bacterial and Viral Co-Infections in COVID-19 Patients: Etiology and Clinical Impact

Iveta Rumenova Madzharova, Ivelina Trifonova, Neli Stoyanova Korsun, Viktoria Levterova, Petar Velikov, Silvya Voleva, Ivan Ivanov, Daniel Ivanov, Ralitsa Yordanova, Tatiana Tcherveniakova, Svetla Angelova, Iva Christova

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; co-infection; respiratory viruses; Haemophilus influenzae; RSV

Online: 28 August 2024 (05:13:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1600.v1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Silydianin-Rich Extract from Silybum marianum Seeds Against Four Strains of Enteroviruses: EV71, Coxsackievirus B2, Coxsackievirus A10, and Poliovirus SL-1 and Its Impact on Improving Delayed Gastric Emptying in Mice

Houda Zaher, Sanae Lemrabet, Neri Koutchala, Bencharki Bouchaib

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Gastroparesis; Enteroviral infections; Silydianin; Silybum marianum; Antiviral Activity; Gastrointestinal transit

Online: 22 August 2024 (08:25:24 CEST)

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Background/Objectives Gastroparesis, a chronic digestive disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying, often results from diabetes, post-surgical complications, autoimmune diseases, and neurological disorders. In approximately 50% of cases, the cause is idiopathic gastroparesis (IGD). Recent studies suggest a link between chronic enteroviral infections and persistent gas-trointestinal symptoms, including delayed gastric emptying. This study investigates the effects of a silydianin-rich extract from Silybum marianum seeds on enteroviral infections in vitro and the mitigation of delayed gastric emptying in mice. Silydianin, a key bioactive compound known for its liver-protective and antioxidant properties, has not been extensively studied for its impact on enteroviral infections and gastroparesis; Methods NMR spectroscopy (¹H, ¹³C, and DEPT) identi-fied silydianin as the primary compound, with minor flavonolignans and trace amounts of an oxidation product. The study assessed the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of the extract at various stages of the viral life cycle, including virucidal activity, cell protection, and post-infection effects, using neutral red assays in RD cells, with results confirmed by real-time PCR. The viruses studied included Coxsackievirus B2, Coxsackievirus A10, Poliovirus SL-1, and Enterovirus EV71. The impact on delayed gastric emptying was evaluated in a mouse model of gastroparesis using doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg compared to a control; Results: The silydianin-rich extract exhibited con-sistent antiviral activity, with the highest selectivity index (SI) for EV71 (4.08) during virucidal activity. It provided moderate cell protection, with EC50 values ranging from 120.88 to 186.10 µg/mL and SI values from 2.20 to 3.39. Post-infection treatment showed varying efficacy, with Coxsackie A10 demonstrating the highest SI (3.90). In vivo, the extract at 200 mg/kg significantly improved gastric emptying to 96.47% and slightly increased gastrointestinal transit from 50.33% to 61.46%; Conclusions These results suggest that silydianin may be effective in treating enteroviral infections and enhancing intestinal function, making it a promising candidate for gastroparesis treatment and warranting further research.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1537.v1

Population Dynamics of the Mite Varroa destructor in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Colonies in a Temperate Semi-Arid Climate

Carlos Aurelio Medina-Flores, Alejandro Saucedo Rojas, Ernesto Guzman-Novoa, Luis Alaniz Gutiérrez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: Apis mellifera; Varroa destructor; population dynamics; temperate semi-arid climate

Online: 21 August 2024 (08:56:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1208.v1

Gabapentin-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency: The HPA Axis—Stress Misresponse and Risk of Infection

Evmorfia Pechlivanidou, Alexandros Chatzikyriakos, Maria Anna Zisi, Nikolaos Paraskevopoulos, Semeli Kaltsa, Orestis Constantas, Panteleimon Zogakis, Aikaterini Catsouli, Nick Sekouris, Rodanthi Margariti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: gabapentin; adrenal insufficiency; infections; HPA axis; stress responses; Staphylococcus xylosus

Online: 16 August 2024 (07:23:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0303.v1

Characterisation of the Mitochondrial Genome of Capulus danieli: Insights into Evolutionary History and Ecological Adaptations

Yaoyu Xie, Yida Han, Junxia Mao, Xubo Wang, Zhenlin Hao, Ying Tian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Capulus danieli; mitochondrial genome; protein-coding genes; divergence time estimation

Online: 6 August 2024 (03:19:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1137.v1

Genomic Characterisation of Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Implicated in Bloodstream Infections, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Bakoena A. Hetsa, Jonathan Asante, Joshua Mbanga, Arshad Ismail, Akebe L. K Abia, Daniel G. Amoako, Sabiha Y. Essack

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; bloodstream infections; whole-genome sequencing; antibiotic resistance; virulence

Online: 15 July 2024 (10:37:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1037.v1

Vitamin Solutions Effects on Reproduction of Broodstock, Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Pangasius Catfish Fingerling

Chau Thi Da, Bui Thi Kim Xuyen, Thi Kieu Oanh Nguyen, Van Tai Tang, Pham Thi Thu Ha, Minh Tan Pham, Håkan Berg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Pangasius catfish; broodstock nutrition; reproduction; growth performances; fingerling; survival rates

Online: 19 June 2024 (10:57:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1939.v1

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Serotypes by Multiplex PCR Identification and Evaluation of Lung Lesions in Pigs from Piedmont (Italy) Farms

Matteo Cuccato, Sara Divari, Silvia Ciaramita, Alessandra Sereno, Domenico Campelli, Pier Giuseppe Biolatti, Bartolomeo Biolatti, Francesco Meliota, Enrico Bollo, Francesca Tiziana Cannizzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; porcine pleuropneumonia; swine; respiratory diseases; serotyping; multiplex PCR

Online: 29 May 2024 (14:03:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1917.v1

Exploring the Phytochemical Composition and the Bioactive Properties of Malbec and Torrontés Wine Pomace from the Calchaquíes Valleys (Argentina) for their Sustainable Exploitation

Pablo Ezequiel Tapia, Ana Margarida Silva, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Manuela Moreira, Francisca Rodrigues, Romina Torres Carro, María Daniela Santi, María Gabriela Ortega, María Amparo Blázquez, Mario Eduardo Arena, María Rosa Alberto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Vitis vinifera; antioxidant; cancer cell cytotoxicity; tyrosinase; lipoxygenase; xanthine oxidase

Online: 29 May 2024 (07:34:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1275.v1

Investigating the Influence of Anthropogenic Activities on Behavioral Changes of an Orb Web Spider (Neoscona vigilans)

Bilal Ahmad, Butt Abida, Kazam Adeel, Ali Shakir, Isha Isha, Young-Cheol Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: anthropogenic; Neoscona vigilans; orb web spider; road disturbance; web anomalies

Online: 20 May 2024 (12:24:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0676.v1

Comparison of In Vitro Models for Drug-Induced Liver Injury Assessment

Nam-Ju Kim, Ji-Hyun Bang, Hee Yi, Hyun-Ok Ku, Joong-Sum Kim, Seon-Jong Yun, Byung-Suk Jeon

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: 2D and 3D cultures; HepG2; HepaRG; liver injury markers; CYP450

Online: 10 May 2024 (10:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0180.v1

The Distal Promoter of the B438L Gene of African Swine Fever Virus Is Responsible for the mRNA Transcription of the B438L and the Alternatively Spliced B169L

Hongwei Cao, Hao Deng, Yanjin Wang, Diqiu Liu, Lian-Feng Li, Meilin Li, Dingkun Peng, Jingwen Dai, Jiaqi Li, Hua-Ji Qiu, Su Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: African swine fever virus; B438L promoter; transcription initiation; B169L protein

Online: 3 May 2024 (09:46:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0158.v1

Atom Exchange Radical Cyclization: A Sustainable Synthetic Approach Towards New Functionalized Targets

Biagio Anderlini, Andrea Severini, Camilla Ferrari, Claudio Fontanesi, Vittorio Ascari, Niccolò Braidi, Fabrizio Roncaglia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: atom transfer radical cyclization; transition metal catalysis; &gamma; -lactams; halocompounds

Online: 3 May 2024 (07:11:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0675.v2

Green Synthesis of novel Rhododendron arboreum Based Zinc Nanocomposites for Enhanced Antimicrobial and Photocatalytic Degradation Activities

Sajid Ali, Sidra -, Tanveer Asghar, Muhammad Ishtiaq Jan, Muhammad Waqas, Tahir Ali, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Rhododendron arboreum; Zinc nanoparticles; Antimicrobial activity; Photocatalyst; Methyl orange dye

Online: 11 April 2024 (11:15:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0473.v1

Glomus highlandensis and G. mongioie, Two New Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Saltmarshes, Dunes and Mountains of Europe

Franco Magurno, Sylwia Uszok, Karolina Bierza, Jawdat Bakr, Zoltan Kende, Mariana Bessa de Queiroz, Bruno Tomio Goto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Glomeromycota; molecular phylogeny; ribosomal variants; taxonomy; two new Glomus species

Online: 7 April 2024 (10:53:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0184.v1

Carbohydrate Hydrolytic Activity, Antibiotic Resistance and Stress Tolerance of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BCRC-16100 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ZFM54 for Probiotics Using Genomic and Biochemical Approaches

Peter James Icalia Gann, Jimmbeth Zenila P. Fabia, Althea Gay B. Pagurayan, Ma. Joy Theresa Agcaoili, Ryan James J. Pascual, Suerte M. Baranda, Arc Josam J. Racho, Marvielyn P. Olivar, Jayson F. Cariaga, Alvin Domingo, Dionisio S. Bucao, Shirley C. Agrupis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: probiotics; nutrient digestion; antibiotic resistance; antibacterial activity; whole genome sequence

Online: 2 April 2024 (10:16:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0614.v1

Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Ajuga Arabica in Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Analysis of DNA and Gene Sequences

Mohammad Odah

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ajuga arabica, Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, DNA Sequence, Gene Sequence.

Online: 11 March 2024 (11:02:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0763.v1

Isolative Green Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose and Cellulose Nanocrystals from Typha Augostifolia

Lynda S. Mesoppirr, Evans K. Suter, Wesley N. Omwoyo, Nathan M. Oyaro, Simphiwe M. Nelana

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Typha augostifolia; cellulose; acid hydrolysis; chemically purified cellulose; cellulose nanocrystals

Online: 14 February 2024 (09:39:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0756.v1

Sleep Restriction Modulates B‐1 Cell Response Following Fungal Infection

Andrey Sladkevicius Vidal, Anuska Marcelino Alvares-Saraiva, Wilson Dias Segura, Patricia Xander, Ronni Rômulo Novaes e Brito

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Sleep restriction; B-1 cell; Candida albicans; Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; TLR

Online: 14 February 2024 (07:34:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0653.v1

Mono-Specific Data Deficient Saltmarsh Species Has Climate Relevant Carbon Stocks From the East Coast of India

Amrit Mishra, Arindam Dey, Anjalis Mishra, Sandip Kumar Mohakud, Syed Hilal Farooq

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: saltmarsh; carbon stocks; Porterasia coarctata; nature-based solution; stable isotopes

Online: 12 February 2024 (10:50:21 CET)

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Despite saltmarshes being considered as nature-based solutions (NbS) towards climate change mitigation, India’s saltmarsh ecosystems are least studied. This study quantifies the seasonal variation in carbon stocks mono-specific saltmarsh species (Porteresia coarctata) and its potential to play an important role in India’s climate change mitigation plans. Seasonal (pre-and post-monsoon) sampling of P. coarctata surface water, biomass and 30 cm sediment core was collected across four locations on the east coast of India to quantify sediment dry bulk density (DBD), organic matter (OM%), organic carbon (Corg%), Corg stocks of sediment and biomass, total carbon (C%) and nitrogen (N%) and stable isotopes of δ13C and δ15N. In general, the sediment DBD, OM and Corg of P. coarctata meadows was higher in post-monsoon and was influenced by salinity and pH changes. Isotope (δ¹³C) modelling of various sediment C sources suggested, particulate organic matter (POM) contribution was highest (0.04-0.79%) followed by P. coarctata (0.01–052%) and other macrophytes across our study locations. The seasonal variation of δ¹³C showed increased contribution of marine derived particulate and dissolved organic matter into P. coarctata meadows in post-monsoon season. Heavier δ¹⁵N values were observed in post-monsoon season suggesting anthropogenic input, that was utilized by P. coarctata to increase its above and below-ground biomass and shoot density. The combined ecosystem (30 cm sediment + biomass) Corg stocks of P. coarctata was 1.7-fold higher in post-monsoon (4021.20± 917 Mg C) compared to pre-monsoon (2297.36 ±647 Mg C) season among the four locations with a sediment Corg contribution >70%. Based on the International Panel for Climate Change Tier II assessment the P. coarctata meadows (443 ha) can help in avoiding the pre and post-monsoon emissions of 8431.34 and 14757.84 Mg CO₂ respectively. The combined price of the total CO₂ equivalent stored in P. coarctata meadows in pre- and post-monsoon is US$ 14.50 and US$ 25.38 million respectively. Further studies quantifying the NbS potential of P. coarctata mono-specific and mixed meadows of India’s coast is needed along with integration of saltmarsh ecosystems into India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2178.v1

In Silico Analysis of Mutations in Quinolone Resistance Determinant Region for Flouroquinolone Resistance in Salmonella typhi

Noman Khan, Hasan Muneer, Muhammad Waqar Ilyas, Mashooq Ahmad Bhat, Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Yaseen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Flouroquinolone resistance; Docking analysis; Antimicrobial resistance; Salmonella typhi; Mutation analysis

Online: 1 February 2024 (02:09:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2144.v1

Physical and Chemical Properties of Convective and Microwave Dried Blackberries Fruits Grown by Organic Procedure

Marko Petković, Nemanja Miletić, Valerija Pantelić, Vladimir Filipović, Biljana Lončar, Olga Mitrović

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus); convective drying; microwave drying; polyphenols; antioxidant capacity

Online: 31 January 2024 (02:58:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1860.v1

Nutritional, Biochemical and Functional Properties of Pearl Millet and Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder Composite Meal Powders

Faith Sibanda, Anthony Olusegun Obilana, Victoria Jideani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Pearl millet, Moringa oleifera; fermentation; malting; compositing; optimization; mixture design

Online: 26 January 2024 (07:23:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1758.v1

New eremophilane derivatives produced by the marine-derived fungus Emericellopsis maritima BC17 in liquid culture media

Jorge R. Virués-Segovia, Cristina Pinedo, David Zorrilla, Jesús Sánchez-Márquez, Pilar Sánchez, María C. Ramos, Mercedes de la Cruz, Josefina Aleu, Rosa M. Durán-Patrón

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Eremophilane, Emericellopsis maritima, marine-derived fungus, OSMAC approach, antimicrobial, antitumoral

Online: 25 January 2024 (01:53:48 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1116.v1

A Case Report of Acute Oxidative Haemolysis Following Medicinal Plant Ingestion in a Patient with G6PD Deficiency

Nilshan Fernando, Kavindya Fernando, Senani Williams, Anuja Premawardhena

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: G6PD deficiency; Intravascular hemolysis; Kuppamenia; Acalypha indica; Bite cells; Methemoglobinemia

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:33:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0850.v1

Virulence Genes and Genomic Features of Colistin Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Colonizing the Intestinal Tracts of Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Uganda.

Maximilian A.K. Magulye, Reuben S. Maghembe, Simon Sekyanzi, Beatrice Achan, Savannah Mwesigwa, Eric Katagirya

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; virulence; genome; whole genome sequences (WGS); colistin resistance

Online: 10 January 2024 (16:17:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0319.v1

Anti-shigellosis Activity and Mechanisms of Action of Extracts from Diospyros gilletii Stem Bark.

Audrey Carrel Nguelo Talla, Eugénie Aimée Madiesse Kemgne, Vincent Ngouana, Bijou-Lafortune Noumboue Kouamou, Listone Monelle Nzeye Ngameni, Brice Rostan Pinlap, Yanick Kevin Dongmo Melogmo, Branly-Natalien Nguena-Dongue, Boniface Pone Kamdem, Paul Keilah Lunga, Fabrice Fekam Boyom

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Diospyros gilletii; Diarrhoea; Anti-shigellosis activity; Cytotoxicity; Mechanisms of action

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:27:34 CET)

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Shigellosis is a pathological condition that affects the digestive system to possibly cause diarrhoea. Shigella species, which are responsible for this disease, are highly contagious and spread through contaminated food and water. The increasing development of resistance by Shigella species necessitate the urgent need to search for new therapies against shigellosis causing diarrhoea. The scientific validation of medicinal plants, such as Diospyros gilletii, which is used for the traditional treatment of diarrhoeal conditions is worthwhile. The present study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts from D. gilletii against selected Shigella species. Extracts from D. gilletii stem bark were prepared by maceration using various solvents. An-tibacterial activity of D. gilletii extracts was evaluated on Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei using a microdilution method, whereas cytotoxicity test was performed on Vero and Raw cells using resazurin-based colorimetric assay. Bacterial membrane permeability studies were evaluated using pro-pidium iodide (PI) and 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN) uptake assays, whereas inhibition and eradica-tion tests on bacterial biofilms were carried out by spectrophotometry. As a result, methanol, ethanol and hydroethanol extracts of D. gilletii inhibited the growth of S. boydii, S. flexneri and S. sonnei with MIC values ranging from 125 to 500 µg/mL, without toxicity to Vero and Raw cells. Time kill kinetics revealed bacteri-cidal orientation at 2MIC and 4MIC, and bacteriostatic outcome at 1/2MIC. The mechanistic basis of anti-bacterial action revealed that D. gilletii extracts inhibited and eradicated Shigella biofilms, and promoted the accumulation of NPN and PI within the inner and outer membrane of bacteria to increase membrane per-meability, thereby causing membrane damage. This novel contribution toward the antibacterial and mech-anisms of action of D. gilletii extracts against Shigella species substantiate the use of this plant in the tradi-tional treatment of infectious diarrhoea.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2135.v1

Influence of the Hla-Cw6 Allele and IFIH1/MDA5 Gene Variants on the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Psoriatic Disease

Rubén Queiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HLA-Cw6; IFIH1/MDA5 gene; psoriatic arthritis; psoriasis; cardiovascular risk

Online: 28 December 2023 (04:52:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2056.v1

Improved Viability of Spray-Dried Pantoea agglomerans for Phage-Carrier Mediated Control of Fire Blight

Nassereldin Ibrahim, Darlene Nesbitt, Tracy Quo, Janet Lin, Antonet Svircev, Qi Wang, Joel T. Weadge, Hany Anany

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Biological control agent; Erwinia amylovora; antibiotic resistance; streptomycin; apple; pear

Online: 27 December 2023 (05:59:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1862.v1

The Study of Exotic and Invasive Plant Species in Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mehari Girmay Gebru, Kflay Gebrehiwot, Ergua Atnafe, Yared Tareke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Ex-situ conservation; exotic species; Gullele; invasive species; native species

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:05:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1886.v1

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression and Interaction Analyses of PP2C Family Genes in Chenopodium quinoa

Dongdong Yang, Xia Zhang, Meng Cao, Lu Yin, Aihong Gao, Kexin An, Songmei Gao, Shanli Guo, Haibo Yin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), Chenopodium quinoa, genome-wide, abiotic stress

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:03:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1843.v1

Biosynthesis of Gamma-AminoButyric Acid (GABA) by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in Fermented Food Production

Massimo Iorizzo, Gianluca Paventi, Catello Di Martino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: lactobacillus plantarum; functional food; L-glutamate decarboxylase; lactic acid bacteria

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:14:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1662.v1

Preventive Effect of Ecklonia cava Extract on Dss-Induced Colitis by Elevating Intestinal Barrier Function and Improving Pathogenic Inflammation

Young-Mi Kim, Hye-Youn Kim, Ji Tae Jang, Suntaek Hong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Ecklonia cava extract; DSS-induced colitis; Intestinal barrier; Pathogenic inflammation

Online: 27 November 2023 (11:21:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1687.v1

Different Diets Modulate the Gut Microbiome Compositions and Promote the Health of Apis mellifera

Hyun Jee Kim, Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Olga Frunze, Mustafa Bilal, Hyung Wook Kwon

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: honey bee; Apis mellifera; diets; gut microbiome; lactobacillus; rhizobiaceae; vitellogenin

Online: 27 November 2023 (09:15:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1452.v1

Fast Bimetallic Nanoalloy Quantification Method Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Experiments

Le Nguyen-Vu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: quantitative analysis; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; bimetallic nanoparticle; nanoparticle concentration

Online: 23 November 2023 (03:37:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1206.v1

Role of the C-terminal β Sandwich of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis Thermophilic Esterase in Hydrolysis of Long Chain Acyl Substrates

Enoch B Joel, Adepeju Aberuagba, Adebayo Bello, Mariam Akanbi-Gada, Adedoyin Igunnu, Sylvia Omonirume Malomo, Femi J. Olorunniji

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Esterase; Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis; C-terminal domain; substrate preference; catalytic activity

Online: 20 November 2023 (05:15:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.3390/sci1010005.v1

Isomerization and Properties of Isomers of Carbocyanine Dyes

Pavel Pronkin, Alexander Tatikolov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: carbocyanine dyes; isomerization; trans and cis isomers; meso-substituted cyanines

Online: 29 November 2018 (00:00:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0324.v1

Effect of Erythromycin Residuals in Food on the Development of Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: An In Vivo Study in Galleria mellonella

Yuliia Baranchyk, Zina Gestels, Dorien Van Den Bossche, Said Abdellati, Basil Britto Xavier, Sheeba Basil Manoharan, Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: S. pneumoniae; erythromycin; AMR; MSC (minimal selective concentration); G. mellonella; ADI (acceptable daily intake); MRL (maximum residue limit); HGT (horizontal gene transfer)

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:03:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1886.v1

Antimicrobial Characterization of Bacillus cereus Group Strains Isolated from Different Food Sources in Apulia and Basilicata Regions

Donatella Farina, Viviana Manzulli, Angelica Bianco, Stefano Castellana, Antonio Parisi, Marta Caruso, Rosa Fraccalvieri, Luigina Serrecchia, Valeria Rondinone, Lorenzo Pace, Antonio Fasanella, Vetritto Vetritto, Maria Laura Difato, Dora Cipolletta, Michela Iatarola, Domenico Galante

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Bacillus cereus group; Food poisoning; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; WGS

Online: 27 June 2024 (06:26:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0341.v1

Bacillus Strains with Catalase Enzyme Improve the Physiology and Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Syeda Wadia Zainab Saeed, Iqra Naseer, Zahir Ahmad Zahir, Thomas H. Thomas, Shumila Shahid, Zafar Iqbal, Maqshoof Ahmad

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Antioxidative enzymes; Bacillus sp.; Catalase activity; Exopolysaccharide production; Reactive oxygen species

Online: 5 September 2023 (15:38:43 CEST)

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Catalase can decompose hydrogen peroxide in plants under controlled and stressed condi-tions. In a stressed environment, the increase in hydrogen peroxide production makes catalase activity a major defense system for plant growth. The current study was conducted to evaluate the catalase activity of pre-isolated and identified bacterial strains Bacillus aryabhattai (AN30), Bacillus megaterium (AN24), Bacillus megaterium (AN31) and Bacillus megaterium (AN35) and their potential for rice seedlings growth promotion. These strains were characterized for quantita-tive catalase, urease, siderophores, and exopolysaccharides production using LB media. Sub-sequently, the effectiveness of these strains was checked by quantifying the catalase activity in the rhizosphere of rice seedlings. Furthermore, the catalase activity was quantified in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings. Plant growth parameters were also studied in a growth room trial. The strain AN24 showed the maximum catalase activity (1.36 mol cm-1), urease ac-tivity (1.35 mol cm 1), exopolysaccharides (4.20 µg mL-1), and siderophores (2.32%) production in LB media. All tested strains showed significantly higher catalase activity in soil compared to control. Among sole application, strain AN24 showed better results; however, consortium application of strains AN24+AN30+AN35+AN31 showed the maximum increase in catalase ac-tivity in the rhizosphere of rice seedlings. Moreover, consortium application of AN24+AN30+AN31+AN35 resulted in the highest increase in catalase activity, dry biomass of shoots and roots, shoot and root length of rice seedlings. The results showed that a consortium of these Bacillus strains with catalase activity has greater potential to enhance an antioxidant defense system and growth promotion of rice seedlings. However, further experimentation under natural conditions is required before using these strains as potential bioinoculants for improving the rice growth and yield.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0018.v1

Enhanced Plant Performance in Cicer arietinum L. due to the Addition of Combination of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

María Pérez-Fernández, Valentine Alexander

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Cicer arietimum; Indole Acetic Acid; Bacillus megaterium; Pseudomonas putida; Mesorhizobium ciceri

Online: 2 March 2017 (16:34:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0606.v1

Novel TRIM Proteins Involved in Rainbow Trout Innate Immune Response

Francisco Donoso, Felipe Ramírez-Cepeda, Nicolás Salinas-Parra, Claudio A. Álvarez, Paula Santana, Rubén Avendaño-Herrera, Rafael Diego Rosa, Byron Morales-Lange, Luis Mercado

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Tripartite motif-containing proteins; Oncorhynchus mykiss; fish innate immunology; PAMP’ s signalling in fish; MAMP-triggered immunity in fish; LPS; poly(I:C); Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Online: 10 May 2024 (09:27:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1721.v1

Deciphering the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Cirsium japonicum by Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Experimental Evaluation

Jiaxue Wang, Hui Tao, Zhenlong Wang, Wei An, Ya Zhao, Bing Han, Jinquan Wang, Xiuzhu Sun, Xiumin Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cirsii japonicum; network pharmacology; anti-inflammatory activity; molecular docking; cellular experiment

Online: 23 September 2024 (11:56:21 CEST)

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Cirsium japonicum, a traditional herb, exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity; however, the main components and potential mechanisms of C. japonicum remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Cirsium japonicum through network pharmacology and cellular experiments. The effective components and potential targets for anti-inflammatory activity of C. japonicum were identified using traditional Chinese medicine systematic pharmacology database, TCMSP analysis platform, and GeneCards database. The drug-component-target-disease network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape3.8.0 software, while the protein interaction network diagram was created using STRING database and Cytoscape3.8.0 software. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out using DAVID database. Molecular docking between key targets and active components was constructed with AutoDock software to determine the best binding target. Results revealed that 14 active components of C. japonicum targeted 171 anti-inflammatory proteins. GO function enrichment analysis yielded 173 items, while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 48 signaling pathways related to inflammation regulation. Molecular docking showed that strong affinity between sitosterol, stigmasterol, and other components with key targets such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α recombinant protein (PPARA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2). Vanillin, one active ingredient of C. japonicum, inhibited the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. These findings suggest that C. japonicum may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway (PI3K-Akt) and apoptin signal pathway, highlighting the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel molecular mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory properties. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin, an effective component in C. japonicum, was verified by cell experiments. This study provides a new understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of C. japonicum in treatment of inflammatory conditions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1105.v1

Urban Ecology of Red-Whiskered Bulbul: Feeding Behavior, Breeding Success and Behavioural Patterns in New Barrackpore, West Bengal, India

Md. Abu Imran Mallick, Nirdesha Biswas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: bird species; behavioral adaption; conservation; foraging strategies; habitat adaption; Pycnonotus jocosus

Online: 14 September 2024 (05:39:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0696.v1

Machine Learning Discoveries of NFκB-X Synergy in ETC-1922159 Treated Colorectal Cancer Cells

Shriprakash Sinha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: NFκ B; Porcupine inhibitor ETC-1922159; Sensitivity analysis; Colorectal cancer

Online: 10 September 2024 (03:34:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0569.v1

A Leaky Deep Intronic Splice Variant in CLRN1 Is Associated With Non-syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa

Maria Abu Elasal, Samer Khateb, Daan M. Panneman, Susanne Roosing, Eyal Banin, Dror Sharon, Asodu Sandeep Sarma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: CLRN1; deep intronic; inherited retinal diseases; pseudo-exon; retinitis pigmentosa; splicing

Online: 9 September 2024 (12:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0615.v1

Brassica rapa BrICE1 and BrICE2 Positively Regulate the Cold Tolerance via CBFs and ROS Pathways, Balancing Growth and Defense in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Wangze Wu, Haobo Yang, Peng Xing, Guoting Zhu, Xueyan Han, Mei Xue, Guotai Min, Haijun Ding, Guofan Wu, Zigang Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: BrICE1 and BrICE2; freezing tolerance; phylogenetic tree; CBF pathway; Brassica rapa

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:42:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0018.v1

Metabolic Response to Cropping Pattern in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Qianqian Jiang, Kai Liu, Yan Zhang, Junjie Zhai, Yang Yang, Wenli Gao, Xiang Cheng, Liang Zhou, Huimei Cai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Crocus sativus L.; cropping pattern; metabolomics; UPLC-MS/MS

Online: 2 September 2024 (13:28:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2108.v1

Step-by-Step Development of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) Assay for Sex Identification in Papaya

José Guadalupe Ávila-Hernández, Alejandro Coreño-Alonso, Mario Alberto Pantoja-Alonso, Francisco Javier Córdoba-Andrade, Alberto Camas-Reyes, Agustino Martínez-Antonio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Recombinase polymerase amplification; Carica papaya L.; isothermal amplification; molecular sexing; hermaphrodite

Online: 29 August 2024 (08:30:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1816.v1

Deep Learning Approaches for Enhanced Kidney Segmentation: Evaluating U-Net and Attention U-Net with Cross-Entropy and Focal Loss Functions

Rajeev Arora, Anoop Kumar, Arpita Soni

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Index Terms— Deep Learning; Kidney; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; U-Net

Online: 26 August 2024 (11:59:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1100.v1

Identification of the Carboxylesterase, Nl-EST1 Gene Expression Regulation Possibly Involved in Carbamate Insecticide Resistance in Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Murtaza Khan, Changhee Han, Nakjung Choi, Juil Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Brown planthopper; carbamate resistance; RNA-seq analysis; Nl-EST1; metabolic resistance

Online: 16 August 2024 (03:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1775.v1

Exploratory Study of Guanidine Derivatives as Novel Anti Trypanosoma cruzi Scaffolds

Eduardo Henrique Zampieri, Policarpo Ademar Sales Junior, Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta, Predrag Kalaba, Alexandre Prado-Roller, Natalie Gajic, Martin Zehl, Ana Fabisikova, Luana Ribeiro dos Anjos, Luana Passianoto Gushiken, Gert Lubec, Eduardo Rene Perez Gonzalez

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Chagas disease; Trypanosoma cruzi; guanidines; in vitro trypanocidal activity; cytotoxic assays

Online: 23 July 2024 (10:00:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1558.v1

Morphological Differentiation, Yield and Cutting Time of Lolium multiflorum L. under Acid Soil Conditions in Highlands

William Carrasco-Chilón, Marieta Cervantes Peralta, Laura Mendoza, Yudith Muñoz-Vílchez, Carlos Quilcate, David Casanova Nuñez-Melgar, Héctor Vásquez, Wuesley Yusmein Alvarez-García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Lolium multiflorum L.; Cajamarquino ecotype; Andean pastures; drought tolerance; dairy farming

Online: 19 July 2024 (10:26:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1447.v1

The Effects of Egg- and Substrate-Associated Microbiota on the Larval Performance of the Housefly, Musca domestica

Rasmus Majland Dyrholm, Pernille Arent Simonsen, Cino Pertoldi, Toke Munk Schou, Asmus Toftkær Muurmann, Simon Bahrndorff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Musca domestica; insect production; larval performance; microorganisms; egg disinfection; substrate autoclaving

Online: 18 July 2024 (08:54:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0667.v1

Using Muscle Element Fingerprint Analysis (EFA) to Trace and Determine the Source of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis in the Yangtze River Basin

Chao Song, Chengyao Yang, Feng Zhao, Jilin Xie, Hong Tao, Xiaorong Huang, Ping Zhuang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Hypophthalmichthys nobilis; element fingerprint analysis (EFA); Yangtze River basin; lake; traceability

Online: 9 July 2024 (07:12:26 CEST)

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Hypophthalmichthys nobilis are widely distributed in the Yangtze River basin and its related lakes. They are an important economic fish species and are a famous cultured species known as the "Four Famous Domestic Fishes" in China. Currently, with the fishing ban in the Yangtze River basin, fishing for H. nobilis in natural water bodies of the Yangtze River basin has been completely prohibited. In order to identify the sources of H. nobilis appearing in the market, further control and accountability, it is necessary to trace the sources of H. nobilis in the Yangtze River basin and its related water bodies. Therefore, this study identified and traced different sources of H. nobilis through muscle element fingerprint analysis (EFA). The results show that H. nobilis from different stations have characteristic element compositions. The characteristic element of H. nobilis from Wuhan (WH) is Pb, which is significantly higher than that in other stations; the characteristic element from Anqing (AQ) is Hg, which is significantly higher than that in other stations; and the characteristic element from Taihu (TH) is Al, which is significantly higher than that in other water areas. Multivariate analysis selected different spatial distribution patterns of 4 discriminant elements ratios (Pb/Ca, Cr/Ca, Na/Ca, Al/Ca) in the muscle of H. nobilis in the Yangtze River basin and its related lakes. The study suggests that the screened discriminative elements can be used to visually distinguish different sources of H. nobilis, and to quickly trace and verify the origin of newly emerging samples. Therefore, the use of selected discriminant element fingerprint features to trace the origin of new samples has been proven to be feasible. By further discriminating and verifying the muscle element fingerprints of new samples, the discrimination rate is high. Therefore, Multivariate analysis for muscle element fingerprint can be used for origin traceability of samples of unknown origin in market supervision.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1175.v1

Photoinactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis by Near-Infrared Radiation Using a Trehalose-Conjugated Heptamethine Cyanine

Natalia V. Kozobkova, Michael P. Samtsov, Anatol P. Lugovski, Nikita V. Bel’ko, Dmitri C. Tarasov, Arseny S. Kaprelyants, Alexander P. Savitsky, Margarita O. Shleeva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; mycobacteria; antibacterial photodynamic inactivation; trehalose; dormant mycobacteria; tricarbocyanine dye

Online: 18 June 2024 (08:27:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2177.v1

A New Casjensviridae Bacteriophage Isolated from Hospital Sewage Effectively Disrupt Biofilms of Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia Clinical Isolates

Sambuddha Chakraborty, Anusha Rohit, S. Jaya Prasanthi, Ashwini Chauhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biofilm bacteriophage; K. pneumoniae; alternative to antibiotics; antibiofilm strategy

Online: 3 June 2024 (08:31:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1333.v1

Effects of a Bank Plant on the Control of Rice Planthoppers: A Field Study

Xin Guo, Qiao-yu Zhou, Meng-meng Ru, Bei Cao, Xin Huang, Xu-song Zheng, Ping-yang Zhu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Leersia sayanuka; bank plant; sesame; rice; ecological engineering for pest control

Online: 21 May 2024 (04:48:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0203.v1

Antibiotic Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in View of the Newly Developed β-Lactams: A Narrative Review of the Existing Evidence

Francesca Serapide, Maurizio Guastalegname, Sara Palma Gullì, Rosaria Lionello, Andrea Bruni, Eugenio Garofalo, Federico Longhini, Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Alessandro Russo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; carbapenem-resistance; sulbactam-durlobactam; cefiderocol; guidelines; real-world evidence

Online: 6 May 2024 (08:47:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0234.v1

Microstructure and Elemental Composition of Coffea arabica L. Roasted Medium of Specialty and with “Pluma” Denomination of Origin

Jesica Jiménez, Luis Robledo, Ema Antonio, Alma Pérez, Marco Sánchez, Iván García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Coffea arabica L; microstructure; elemental composition; roasted medium; “ Pluma”

Online: 6 May 2024 (08:11:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.2014.v1

Navigating the AI Employment Landscape: Strategies for Workforce Readiness and Inclusive Growth in Malaysia

Siti Maisarah Jamal

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: ; Keywords: AI; Employment; Malaysia; Workforce; Economic

Online: 30 April 2024 (15:09:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1151.v1

Deciphering the Role of Waxy Gene Mutations in Enhancing Rice Grain Quality: From Molecular Insights to Breeding Soft Rice Varieties

Yong Yang, Lihui Zhou, Linhao Feng, Jianying Jiang, Lichun Huang, Qing Liu, Yadong Zhang, Changquan Zhang, Qiaoquan Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soft rice; low amylose; grain transparency; Wx; eating and cooking quality

Online: 18 April 2024 (07:15:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0446.v1

Exploring the Relationship between Melioidosis Morbidity Rate and Local Environmental Indicators Using Remotely Sensed Data

Jaruwan Wongbutdee, Jutharat Jittimanee, Suwaporn Dandee, Pongthep Thongsang, Wacharapong Saengnill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression; Google earth engine; Spatial model; Burkholderia pseudomallei

Online: 5 April 2024 (14:21:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1231.v1

The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus

Alden S Estep, Neil D Sanscrainte, Jason Stuck, Isik Unlu, Agne Prasauskas, Stephanie J Mundis, Nicholas Cotter, Ana L Romero-Weaver, Troy J Fedirko, Natalie L Kendziorski, Kyle J Kosinski, Daviela Ramirez, Eva A Buckner

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus; insecticide resistance; knockdown resistance (kdr); CDC bottle bioassay; Florida

Online: 23 February 2024 (06:26:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0489.v1

Anatomical Characteristics of Tapped Styrax sumatrana Wood Grown in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Atmawi Darwis, Byantara Darsan Purusatama, Apri Heri Iswanto, Nam Hun Kim, Rudi Hartono, Arida Susilowati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: anatomical characteristics; tapped Styrax sumatrana wood; traumatic resin canal; fiber quality

Online: 8 February 2024 (10:24:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0044.v1

Sequence Fingerprints in HerA Helicase: Implications for DNA Repair and Cancer

Sabiya Azam, Rana Salman Anjum

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Pyrobaculum calidifontis; Helicase; Nuclease; DNA binding domain; N-terminal HAS domain

Online: 1 February 2024 (11:15:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1427.v1

Evidence of Regulating Effect of Nitrogen Level on Ultramicrostructure and Mapping Elements of Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) Chloroplast under Heat Stress

Chunying Li, Zaiqiang Yang, Chunlong Zhang, Jing Luo, Di Wang, Yehan Yan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: heat stress; nitrogen levels; TEM-EDX mapping; chloroplast; tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.)

Online: 18 January 2024 (14:02:41 CET)

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Heat stress is a serious threat to tomato production. The ultrastructure and element mapping of tomato chloroplast were investigated under different nitrogen levels to explore the regulatory effect of nitrogen on tomato chloroplast under heat stress. Experiments design two temperature treatments (25°C/15°C, as control, 40°C/30°C, as severe high-temperature, SHT ) and four nitrogen levels (0.0 kg hm-2, N1; 187.5 kg hm-2, N2; 250 kg hm-2, N3, as recommended nitrogen-application; 312.5kg hm-2 , N4) for a duration of 5 days in artificial climate chamber. The results showed that heat stress led to obvious damage to the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplast, including thylakoid stacking disorder, granum destruction, and starch grain aggregation and degradation. With the increase of nitrogen level, the ratio of long and short axes of tomato chloroplasts increased, the differentiation of chloroplasts was strengthened, the number of plastoglobuli was increased and aggregated, and the degree of damage to the ultrastructure of chloroplasts was reduced. The regulatory effect of nitrogen on the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplasts under heat stress was mainly reflected in the phosphorylation degradation process of starch granules in chloroplasts. There are obvious segmentation lines of Ca, P and Cl on both sides of the inner and outer chloroplasts, and enriched in the chloroplasts, which can outline the boundary of the chloroplasts. Element mapping analysis revealed that heat stress significantly increased the contents of calcium, phosphorus and chlorine in the chloroplast of tomato leaves, while the contents of potassium was decreased. The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly regulate the element distribution of tomato chloroplast under heat stress, especially the regulation of phosphorus, chlorine, calcium, magnesium. These results provide new insight into the role of nitrogen using TEM-EDX mapping in the protection of tomato chloroplast under heat stress and the mechanism of heat stress tolerance in plants.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0287.v1

Balancing Act: Tubulin Glutamylation and Microtubule Dynamics in Toxoplasma gondii

Inês L.S. Delgado, João Gonçalves, Rita Fernandes, Sara Zúquete, Afonso P. Basto, Alexandre Leitão, Helena Soares, Sofia Nolasco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, tubulin glutamylation, tubulin post-translational modifications, apical complex, microtubules

Online: 4 January 2024 (06:54:39 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1692.v1

A Review of the Ethnobotanical Use, Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Constituents Derived from the Plant Genus Geijera (Rutaceae)

Deepika Dugan, Rachael J Bell, Robert Brkljača, Colin Rix, Sylvia Urban

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Geijera; wilga; biological activity; pharmacology; customary use; analgesic; toothache; anti-cancer

Online: 22 December 2023 (08:11:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0857.v1

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/ Hydrolase (XTH) Gene Family: Expression Pattern During Magnesium Stress Treatment in the Mulberry Plant (Morus alba L)

Blessing Danso, Michael Ackah, Xin Jin, Derek M. Ayittey, Frank Kwarteng Amoako, Weiguo Zhao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Morus alba; xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH); phylogeny; magnesium stress; expression patterns

Online: 12 December 2023 (09:00:00 CET)

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Mulberry (Morus alba L), a significant fruit tree crop, requires magnesium (Mg) for its optimal growth and productivity. Nonetheless, our understanding of the molecular basis underlying magnesium stress tolerance in mulberry plants remains unexplored. In our previous study, we identified several differential candidate genes associated with Mg homeostasis via transcriptome analysis including xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) gene family. The XTH gene family is crucial for plant cell wall reconstruction and stress responses. These genes have been identified and thoroughly investigated in various plant species. However, there is no research pertaining to XTH genes within the M. alba plant. This research systematically examined the M. alba XTH (MaXTH) gene family at the genomic level using a bioinformatic approach. In total, 22 MaXTH genes were discovered and contained the Glyco_hydro_16 and XET_C conserved domains. The MaXTH’s were categorized into five distinct groups by their phylogenetic relationships. The gene structure possesses four exons and three introns. Furthermore, the MaXTH gene promoter analysis reveals a plethora of cis-regulatory elements; mainly stress responsiveness, growth and development, light responsiveness, and phytohormone responsiveness. GO analysis indicated that MaXTHs encode proteins that exhibit xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferase and hydrolase activities in addition cell wall biogenesis as well as xyloglucan and carbohydrate metabolic processes. Moreover, a synteny analysis unveiled an evolutionary relationship between the XTH genes in M. alba and those in three other species: A. thaliana, P. trichocarpa, and Zea mays. Expression profiles from RNA-Seq data displayed distinct expression patterns of XTH genes in M. alba leaf tissue during Mg treatments. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis confirmed the expression of the MaXTH genes in Mg stress response. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of the characteristics of MaXTH gene family members and lays the foundation for future functional genomic study in M. alba.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0022.v1

Life History Traits of Aedes aegypti across Different Climatic Zones of Burkina Faso

Aboubakar Sanon, Lanjiao Wang, Abakoudjiga Arsene Moungou, Leen Delang, Athanase Badolo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Aedes aegypti; immature stage; traits; fecundity; longevity; body size; Burkina Faso

Online: 1 December 2023 (05:15:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1905.v1

Novel Lipid Mediator 7S,14R-Docosahexaenoic Acid: Biogenesis and Harnessing Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Ameliorate Diabetic Mellitus and Retinal Pericyte Loss

Yan Lu, Haibin Tian, Hongying Peng, Nicolas G. Bazan, Song Hong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: diabetic mellitus and complications; mesenchymal stem cell; 7S,14R-diHDHA; db/db mice; blood glucose level; β -cell and α -cell; macrophage; insulin; pancreas and islets; retinopathy

Online: 29 January 2024 (02:08:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1792.v1

1-Methylcyclopropene and Bacillus Treatment Affects Blueberry Storage Quality and Antioxidant Levels

Shuangshuang Wu, Yan Zhang, Mengyang Wang, Yahui Liu, Lingxiang Li, Feng He, Jiaxin Xiao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: ; blueberry; 1-MCP; Bacillus altitudinis; fruit quality; antioxidant ;

Online: 24 July 2024 (02:27:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1209.v1

Influence of Probiotic Bacillus cereus. Supplemented Feed on Growth and Survival of the Ornamental Fish, Gold Fish (Carassius auratus)

S. Mahadevi, Keerthika. P, Ann Suji. H, Padmini. N, B Deivasigamani, T Suthin Raj

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Gold fish (Carassius auratus), probiotic bacteria (Bacillus cereus), survival rate, growth performance

Online: 18 July 2023 (10:01:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1082.v1

Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines

Rachele Isticato

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: bacterial spores; spore display system technology; mucosal vaccine; spore engineering; Bacillus subtilis

Online: 27 April 2023 (15:31:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0072.v1

Anticancer Effect of the Five Surfactin Isomers Produced During Cheonggukjang Fermentation by Bacillus Pumilus HY1 Isolated From Korean Traditional Fermented Soy Sauce

Su Young Hong, Dong Hee Lee, Jin Hwan Lee, Kye Man Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Bacillus pumilus HY1; solid-state fermentation; cheonggukjang; surfactin; mass spectrum; anticancer effect

Online: 7 April 2020 (00:54:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0335.v1

Synergistic Effects of Mild Heating and Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma on Reduction of Bacillus cereus in Red Pepper Powder

Eun Bi Jeon, Man-Seok Choi, Ji Yoon Kim, Shin Young Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Bacillus cereus; mild heating; dielectric barrier discharge plasma; red pepper powder; quality

Online: 25 December 2019 (03:46:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0267.v1

The Extracellular and Intracellular Biomineralization Induced by Bacillus licheniformis DB1-9 at Different Mg/Ca Molar Ratios

Zuozhen Han, Xiao Gao, Hui Zhao, Maurice E. Tucker, Yanhong Zhao, Huaxiao Yan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Mg/Ca; biominerliazation; nucleation site; Bacillus licheniformis DB1-9; carbonic anhydrase; ammonia

Online: 12 October 2018 (11:56:44 CEST)

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Biomineralization has become a research hotspot and attracted widespread attention in the field of carbonate sedimentology. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis DB1-9 was used to induce the calcium carbonate precipitation at different magnesium calcium molar ratios in the laboratory to further explore the biomineralization mechanism. Phylogenetic tree shows that the bacteria belongs to Bacillus licheniformis species. The ammonia and carbonic anhydrase can be released by this bacteria, resulting in the pH increase, and the carbonic anhydrase can also promote the hydration reaction of carbon dioxide and subsequently produce the bicarbonate and carbonate ions to elevate the supersaturation of calcium carbonate in the liquid culture medium to facilitate the precipitation of carbonate minerals. The calcites have a shape of rhombohedron, dumbell, and elongation, and aragonite often appears in the form of mineral aggregates, besides that there are also the spherical and the fusiform minerals. FTIR result shows there are some organic functional groups, such as C-O-C and C=O, beside of the characteristic peaks of the calcite and the aragonite, indicating that microbial metabolism is closely related to the mineral formation. The superthin slices of the bacteria analyzed by HRTEM, SAED, EDS and STEM show that the surface and EPS can adsorb a large number of calcium ions and magnesium ions and EPS may act as the nucleation sites, what’s more, the intracellular nanometer-scale sphere areas show the amorphous structures, and the intracellular calcium ions and magnesium ions suggeste that they can be transported from the outside to inside the cell by diffusion along the concentration grade from high to low. This study may provide some references to further understand the biomineralization mechanism induced by microorganisms in the laboratory and the field, and also helps to explore the reason of the transition of calcite sea to aragonite sea in the geological history.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0270.v1

Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of 41 Constituents in Uvaria macrophylla Leaves Screen Antioxidant Quality‐Markers Using Database‐ Affinity UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS

Xiaoqiong Xu, Xican Li, Shaoman Chen, Yongbai Liang, Chuanyang Zhang, Yuhan Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Uvaria littoralis leaves; UHPLC‐Exactive‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS; quantitation; isomer differentiation

Online: 3 October 2024 (13:20:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1859.v1

Meta-Analysis of the Fisheries, and Life History for Trichiurus. Japonicas, T. brevis and T. nanhaiensis, in the Northwest of Pacific Ocean

Baochao LIAO, Can Zhou, Jianpeng Yu, Kui Zhang, Abdul Baset, Xiujuan Shan, Longchuan Zhuang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Trichiurus spp.; spatiotemporal heterogeneity; population dynamics; meta-analysis; the northwest Pacific Ocean

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0958.v1

Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in Taiz and Ibb Governorates, Yemen

Ali Ahmed Al-Hadheq, Wadhah Edrees, Bashir Al-Ofairi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Escherichia coli; ; Coliform; Total Bacterial Count; Presumptive Test; Taiz; Ibb; Yemen

Online: 12 September 2024 (08:16:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0815.v1

Computational Model of the Effect of pH on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Sporosarcina pasteurii

Shiva Khoshtinat, Claudia Marano, Mahdi Kioumarsi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Computational Model; Sporosarcina pasteurii; CaCO₃ Precipitation; effect of pH

Online: 10 September 2024 (13:58:39 CEST)

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Utilising the metabolic processes (urease activity) of certain microorganisms that result in the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) as a sustainable method for manufacturing self-healing cementitious materials for use in the construction, soil stabilization, and wind-induced erosion industries has garnered considerable attention over the last twenty years. Despite extensive efforts for experimental characterization of the effect of numerous influential factors such as the bacteria type, nutrition type and quantity, and environmental conditions governing this phenomenon, computational modeling of this biochemical process has not advanced significantly due to its complexity and intertwined involved parameters. Among these parameters, pH is of special significance since the initial pH level has an immediate effect on the bacteria's urease activity, which then influences the rate at which calcium carbonate precipitates. Furthermore, during the CaCO₃ precipitation process, pH changes due to the generation of byproducts such as ammonium, which alters the velocity of the bacteria's urease activity continuously.The present study proposes a computational model for calcium carbonate precipitation by urease activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii using COMSOL Multiphysics^®. The theoretical background on governing parameters and chemical reactions involved in the process are discussed. The model takes into account the impact of calcium and urea concentrations, as well as the initial pH level and pH variations caused by the production of by-products during the process. The capability of the model to foresee CaCO3 concentration and ultimate pH level is evaluated by comparing the computational outcomes with empirical data obtained from established literature sources. The influence of the initial pH of the environment on the pH variation of the system during the precipitation process was simulated and compared to actual data available in the literature, suggesting that the model can accurately predict the kinetic. Finally, a parametric analysis is performed to identify the ideal initial environmental pH for calcium carbonate precipitation by the S. pasteurii bacterium.

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