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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2178.v1

In Silico Analysis of Mutations in Quinolone Resistance Determinant Region for Flouroquinolone Resistance in Salmonella typhi

Noman Khan, Hasan Muneer, Muhammad Waqar Ilyas, Mashooq Ahmad Bhat, Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Yaseen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Flouroquinolone resistance; Docking analysis; Antimicrobial resistance; Salmonella typhi; Mutation analysis

Online: 1 February 2024 (02:09:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2144.v1

Physical and Chemical Properties of Convective and Microwave Dried Blackberries Fruits Grown by Organic Procedure

Marko Petković, Nemanja Miletić, Valerija Pantelić, Vladimir Filipović, Biljana Lončar, Olga Mitrović

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus); convective drying; microwave drying; polyphenols; antioxidant capacity

Online: 31 January 2024 (02:58:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1860.v1

Nutritional, Biochemical and Functional Properties of Pearl Millet and Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder Composite Meal Powders

Faith Sibanda, Anthony Olusegun Obilana, Victoria Jideani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Pearl millet, Moringa oleifera; fermentation; malting; compositing; optimization; mixture design

Online: 26 January 2024 (07:23:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1758.v1

New eremophilane derivatives produced by the marine-derived fungus Emericellopsis maritima BC17 in liquid culture media

Jorge R. Virués-Segovia, Cristina Pinedo, David Zorrilla, Jesús Sánchez-Márquez, Pilar Sánchez, María C. Ramos, Mercedes de la Cruz, Josefina Aleu, Rosa M. Durán-Patrón

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Eremophilane, Emericellopsis maritima, marine-derived fungus, OSMAC approach, antimicrobial, antitumoral

Online: 25 January 2024 (01:53:48 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1116.v1

A Case Report of Acute Oxidative Haemolysis Following Medicinal Plant Ingestion in a Patient with G6PD Deficiency

Nilshan Fernando, Kavindya Fernando, Senani Williams, Anuja Premawardhena

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: G6PD deficiency; Intravascular hemolysis; Kuppamenia; Acalypha indica; Bite cells; Methemoglobinemia

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:33:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0850.v1

Virulence Genes and Genomic Features of Colistin Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Colonizing the Intestinal Tracts of Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Uganda.

Maximilian A.K. Magulye, Reuben S. Maghembe, Simon Sekyanzi, Beatrice Achan, Savannah Mwesigwa, Eric Katagirya

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; virulence; genome; whole genome sequences (WGS); colistin resistance

Online: 10 January 2024 (16:17:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0319.v1

Anti-shigellosis Activity and Mechanisms of Action of Extracts from Diospyros gilletii Stem Bark.

Audrey Carrel Nguelo Talla, Eugénie Aimée Madiesse Kemgne, Vincent Ngouana, Bijou-Lafortune Noumboue Kouamou, Listone Monelle Nzeye Ngameni, Brice Rostan Pinlap, Yanick Kevin Dongmo Melogmo, Branly-Natalien Nguena-Dongue, Boniface Pone Kamdem, Paul Keilah Lunga, Fabrice Fekam Boyom

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Diospyros gilletii; Diarrhoea; Anti-shigellosis activity; Cytotoxicity; Mechanisms of action

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:27:34 CET)

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Shigellosis is a pathological condition that affects the digestive system to possibly cause diarrhoea. Shigella species, which are responsible for this disease, are highly contagious and spread through contaminated food and water. The increasing development of resistance by Shigella species necessitate the urgent need to search for new therapies against shigellosis causing diarrhoea. The scientific validation of medicinal plants, such as Diospyros gilletii, which is used for the traditional treatment of diarrhoeal conditions is worthwhile. The present study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts from D. gilletii against selected Shigella species. Extracts from D. gilletii stem bark were prepared by maceration using various solvents. An-tibacterial activity of D. gilletii extracts was evaluated on Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei using a microdilution method, whereas cytotoxicity test was performed on Vero and Raw cells using resazurin-based colorimetric assay. Bacterial membrane permeability studies were evaluated using pro-pidium iodide (PI) and 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN) uptake assays, whereas inhibition and eradica-tion tests on bacterial biofilms were carried out by spectrophotometry. As a result, methanol, ethanol and hydroethanol extracts of D. gilletii inhibited the growth of S. boydii, S. flexneri and S. sonnei with MIC values ranging from 125 to 500 µg/mL, without toxicity to Vero and Raw cells. Time kill kinetics revealed bacteri-cidal orientation at 2MIC and 4MIC, and bacteriostatic outcome at 1/2MIC. The mechanistic basis of anti-bacterial action revealed that D. gilletii extracts inhibited and eradicated Shigella biofilms, and promoted the accumulation of NPN and PI within the inner and outer membrane of bacteria to increase membrane per-meability, thereby causing membrane damage. This novel contribution toward the antibacterial and mech-anisms of action of D. gilletii extracts against Shigella species substantiate the use of this plant in the tradi-tional treatment of infectious diarrhoea.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2135.v1

Influence of the Hla-Cw6 Allele and IFIH1/MDA5 Gene Variants on the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Psoriatic Disease

Rubén Queiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: HLA-Cw6; IFIH1/MDA5 gene; psoriatic arthritis; psoriasis; cardiovascular risk

Online: 28 December 2023 (04:52:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2056.v1

Improved Viability of Spray-Dried Pantoea agglomerans for Phage-Carrier Mediated Control of Fire Blight

Nassereldin Ibrahim, Darlene Nesbitt, Tracy Quo, Janet Lin, Antonet Svircev, Qi Wang, Joel T. Weadge, Hany Anany

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Biological control agent; Erwinia amylovora; antibiotic resistance; streptomycin; apple; pear

Online: 27 December 2023 (05:59:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1862.v1

The Study of Exotic and Invasive Plant Species in Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mehari Girmay Gebru, Kflay Gebrehiwot, Ergua Atnafe, Yared Tareke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Ex-situ conservation; exotic species; Gullele; invasive species; native species

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:05:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1886.v1

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression and Interaction Analyses of PP2C Family Genes in Chenopodium quinoa

Dongdong Yang, Xia Zhang, Meng Cao, Lu Yin, Aihong Gao, Kexin An, Songmei Gao, Shanli Guo, Haibo Yin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), Chenopodium quinoa, genome-wide, abiotic stress

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:03:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1843.v1

Biosynthesis of Gamma-AminoButyric Acid (GABA) by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in Fermented Food Production

Massimo Iorizzo, Gianluca Paventi, Catello Di Martino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: lactobacillus plantarum; functional food; L-glutamate decarboxylase; lactic acid bacteria

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:14:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1662.v1

Preventive Effect of Ecklonia cava Extract on Dss-Induced Colitis by Elevating Intestinal Barrier Function and Improving Pathogenic Inflammation

Young-Mi Kim, Hye-Youn Kim, Ji Tae Jang, Suntaek Hong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Ecklonia cava extract; DSS-induced colitis; Intestinal barrier; Pathogenic inflammation

Online: 27 November 2023 (11:21:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1687.v1

Different Diets Modulate the Gut Microbiome Compositions and Promote the Health of Apis mellifera

Hyun Jee Kim, Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Olga Frunze, Mustafa Bilal, Hyung Wook Kwon

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: honey bee; Apis mellifera; diets; gut microbiome; lactobacillus; rhizobiaceae; vitellogenin

Online: 27 November 2023 (09:15:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1452.v1

Fast Bimetallic Nanoalloy Quantification Method Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Experiments

Le Nguyen-Vu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: quantitative analysis; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; bimetallic nanoparticle; nanoparticle concentration

Online: 23 November 2023 (03:37:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1206.v1

Role of the C-terminal β Sandwich of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis Thermophilic Esterase in Hydrolysis of Long Chain Acyl Substrates

Enoch B Joel, Adepeju Aberuagba, Adebayo Bello, Mariam Akanbi-Gada, Adedoyin Igunnu, Sylvia Omonirume Malomo, Femi J. Olorunniji

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Esterase; Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis; C-terminal domain; substrate preference; catalytic activity

Online: 20 November 2023 (05:15:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.3390/sci1010005.v1

Isomerization and Properties of Isomers of Carbocyanine Dyes

Pavel Pronkin, Alexander Tatikolov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: carbocyanine dyes; isomerization; trans and cis isomers; meso-substituted cyanines

Online: 29 November 2018 (00:00:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0324.v1

Effect of Erythromycin Residuals in Food on the Development of Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: An In Vivo Study in Galleria mellonella

Yuliia Baranchyk, Zina Gestels, Dorien Van Den Bossche, Said Abdellati, Basil Britto Xavier, Sheeba Basil Manoharan, Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: S. pneumoniae; erythromycin; AMR; MSC (minimal selective concentration); G. mellonella; ADI (acceptable daily intake); MRL (maximum residue limit); HGT (horizontal gene transfer)

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:03:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0606.v1

Novel TRIM Proteins Involved in Rainbow Trout Innate Immune Response

Francisco Donoso, Felipe Ramírez-Cepeda, Nicolás Salinas-Parra, Claudio A. Álvarez, Paula Santana, Rubén Avendaño-Herrera, Rafael Diego Rosa, Byron Morales-Lange, Luis Mercado

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Tripartite motif-containing proteins; Oncorhynchus mykiss; fish innate immunology; PAMP’ s signalling in fish; MAMP-triggered immunity in fish; LPS; poly(I:C); Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Online: 10 May 2024 (09:27:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2568.v1

Biotic Factors of Elm Damage in Ukraine

Valentyna Meshkova, Olena Kuznetsova, Oleksandr Borysenko, Volodymyr Korsovetskyi, Tetiana Pyvovar

Subject: Forestry, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Ulmus sp.; Dutch elm disease (DED); wetwood; health class; mortality; recovery

Online: 1 November 2024 (03:44:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1796.v1

Biodegradation of Polyethylene Using Bacillus tropicus Isolated from Sewage Wastewater Treatment Plant

Isha Isha, Shakir Ali, Young-Cheol Chang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: plastic pollution; polyethylene; biodegradation; microbes; Bacillus tropicus; FTIR; GC-MS; SEM

Online: 23 October 2024 (11:51:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1742.v1

Use of Light Emitting Diodes on the In Vitro Rooting of Apple Tree Rootstocks

Adriana Maria Tomazini Scolaro, Mariuccia Schlichting De Martin, Renato Luis Vieira, Bianca Schveitzer, Edson Luiz de Souza, Endler Marcel Borges

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Malus domestica Borkh; Marubakaido; M9; plants tissue culture; wavelength; LEDs ;

Online: 23 October 2024 (08:24:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1666.v1

Evaluation of Antiproliferative Potentials Associated with the Volatile Compounds of Lantana camara Flowers: A Selective In Vitro Activity

Jennifer El Hajj, Louna Karam, Ali Jaber, Edmond Cheble, Elias Akoury, Philippe Hussein Kobeissy, José-Noel Ibrahim, Ali Yassin

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: bicyclogermacrene; epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene; anticancer activity; Lantana camara; essential oil; chemical composition

Online: 22 October 2024 (11:15:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1138.v1

Allergenic Potential of Common Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in the Context of Cross-Reactions with Pollen Allergens

Dorota Piasecka-Kwiatkowska, Kinga Blacharska, Ewa Springer

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Common hops (Humulus lupulus L.); supplements; immunoreactivity; cross-reactivity; pollen allergens

Online: 15 October 2024 (07:39:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1721.v1

Deciphering the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Cirsium japonicum by Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Experimental Evaluation

Jiaxue Wang, Hui Tao, Zhenlong Wang, Wei An, Ya Zhao, Bing Han, Jinquan Wang, Xiuzhu Sun, Xiumin Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cirsii japonicum; network pharmacology; anti-inflammatory activity; molecular docking; cellular experiment

Online: 23 September 2024 (11:56:21 CEST)

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Cirsium japonicum, a traditional herb, exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity; however, the main components and potential mechanisms of C. japonicum remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Cirsium japonicum through network pharmacology and cellular experiments. The effective components and potential targets for anti-inflammatory activity of C. japonicum were identified using traditional Chinese medicine systematic pharmacology database, TCMSP analysis platform, and GeneCards database. The drug-component-target-disease network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape3.8.0 software, while the protein interaction network diagram was created using STRING database and Cytoscape3.8.0 software. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out using DAVID database. Molecular docking between key targets and active components was constructed with AutoDock software to determine the best binding target. Results revealed that 14 active components of C. japonicum targeted 171 anti-inflammatory proteins. GO function enrichment analysis yielded 173 items, while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 48 signaling pathways related to inflammation regulation. Molecular docking showed that strong affinity between sitosterol, stigmasterol, and other components with key targets such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α recombinant protein (PPARA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2). Vanillin, one active ingredient of C. japonicum, inhibited the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. These findings suggest that C. japonicum may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway (PI3K-Akt) and apoptin signal pathway, highlighting the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel molecular mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory properties. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin, an effective component in C. japonicum, was verified by cell experiments. This study provides a new understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of C. japonicum in treatment of inflammatory conditions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1105.v1

Urban Ecology of Red-Whiskered Bulbul: Feeding Behavior, Breeding Success and Behavioural Patterns in New Barrackpore, West Bengal, India

Md. Abu Imran Mallick, Nirdesha Biswas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: bird species; behavioral adaption; conservation; foraging strategies; habitat adaption; Pycnonotus jocosus

Online: 14 September 2024 (05:39:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0696.v1

Machine Learning Discoveries of NFκB-X Synergy in ETC-1922159 Treated Colorectal Cancer Cells

Shriprakash Sinha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: NFκ B; Porcupine inhibitor ETC-1922159; Sensitivity analysis; Colorectal cancer

Online: 10 September 2024 (03:34:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0569.v1

A Leaky Deep Intronic Splice Variant in CLRN1 Is Associated With Non-syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa

Maria Abu Elasal, Samer Khateb, Daan M. Panneman, Susanne Roosing, Eyal Banin, Dror Sharon, Asodu Sandeep Sarma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: CLRN1; deep intronic; inherited retinal diseases; pseudo-exon; retinitis pigmentosa; splicing

Online: 9 September 2024 (12:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0615.v1

Brassica rapa BrICE1 and BrICE2 Positively Regulate the Cold Tolerance via CBFs and ROS Pathways, Balancing Growth and Defense in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Wangze Wu, Haobo Yang, Peng Xing, Guoting Zhu, Xueyan Han, Mei Xue, Guotai Min, Haijun Ding, Guofan Wu, Zigang Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: BrICE1 and BrICE2; freezing tolerance; phylogenetic tree; CBF pathway; Brassica rapa

Online: 9 September 2024 (08:42:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0018.v1

Metabolic Response to Cropping Pattern in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Qianqian Jiang, Kai Liu, Yan Zhang, Junjie Zhai, Yang Yang, Wenli Gao, Xiang Cheng, Liang Zhou, Huimei Cai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Crocus sativus L.; cropping pattern; metabolomics; UPLC-MS/MS

Online: 2 September 2024 (13:28:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.2108.v1

Step-by-Step Development of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) Assay for Sex Identification in Papaya

José Guadalupe Ávila-Hernández, Alejandro Coreño-Alonso, Mario Alberto Pantoja-Alonso, Francisco Javier Córdoba-Andrade, Alberto Camas-Reyes, Agustino Martínez-Antonio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Recombinase polymerase amplification; Carica papaya L.; isothermal amplification; molecular sexing; hermaphrodite

Online: 29 August 2024 (08:30:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1816.v1

Deep Learning Approaches for Enhanced Kidney Segmentation: Evaluating U-Net and Attention U-Net with Cross-Entropy and Focal Loss Functions

Rajeev Arora, Anoop Kumar, Arpita Soni

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Index Terms— Deep Learning; Kidney; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; U-Net

Online: 26 August 2024 (11:59:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1100.v1

Identification of the Carboxylesterase, Nl-EST1 Gene Expression Regulation Possibly Involved in Carbamate Insecticide Resistance in Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Murtaza Khan, Changhee Han, Nakjung Choi, Juil Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Brown planthopper; carbamate resistance; RNA-seq analysis; Nl-EST1; metabolic resistance

Online: 16 August 2024 (03:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1775.v1

Exploratory Study of Guanidine Derivatives as Novel Anti Trypanosoma cruzi Scaffolds

Eduardo Henrique Zampieri, Policarpo Ademar Sales Junior, Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta, Predrag Kalaba, Alexandre Prado-Roller, Natalie Gajic, Martin Zehl, Ana Fabisikova, Luana Ribeiro dos Anjos, Luana Passianoto Gushiken, Gert Lubec, Eduardo Rene Perez Gonzalez

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Chagas disease; Trypanosoma cruzi; guanidines; in vitro trypanocidal activity; cytotoxic assays

Online: 23 July 2024 (10:00:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1558.v1

Morphological Differentiation, Yield and Cutting Time of Lolium multiflorum L. under Acid Soil Conditions in Highlands

William Carrasco-Chilón, Marieta Cervantes Peralta, Laura Mendoza, Yudith Muñoz-Vílchez, Carlos Quilcate, David Casanova Nuñez-Melgar, Héctor Vásquez, Wuesley Yusmein Alvarez-García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Lolium multiflorum L.; Cajamarquino ecotype; Andean pastures; drought tolerance; dairy farming

Online: 19 July 2024 (10:26:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1447.v1

The Effects of Egg- and Substrate-Associated Microbiota on the Larval Performance of the Housefly, Musca domestica

Rasmus Majland Dyrholm, Pernille Arent Simonsen, Cino Pertoldi, Toke Munk Schou, Asmus Toftkær Muurmann, Simon Bahrndorff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Musca domestica; insect production; larval performance; microorganisms; egg disinfection; substrate autoclaving

Online: 18 July 2024 (08:54:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0667.v1

Using Muscle Element Fingerprint Analysis (EFA) to Trace and Determine the Source of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis in the Yangtze River Basin

Chao Song, Chengyao Yang, Feng Zhao, Jilin Xie, Hong Tao, Xiaorong Huang, Ping Zhuang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Hypophthalmichthys nobilis; element fingerprint analysis (EFA); Yangtze River basin; lake; traceability

Online: 9 July 2024 (07:12:26 CEST)

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Hypophthalmichthys nobilis are widely distributed in the Yangtze River basin and its related lakes. They are an important economic fish species and are a famous cultured species known as the "Four Famous Domestic Fishes" in China. Currently, with the fishing ban in the Yangtze River basin, fishing for H. nobilis in natural water bodies of the Yangtze River basin has been completely prohibited. In order to identify the sources of H. nobilis appearing in the market, further control and accountability, it is necessary to trace the sources of H. nobilis in the Yangtze River basin and its related water bodies. Therefore, this study identified and traced different sources of H. nobilis through muscle element fingerprint analysis (EFA). The results show that H. nobilis from different stations have characteristic element compositions. The characteristic element of H. nobilis from Wuhan (WH) is Pb, which is significantly higher than that in other stations; the characteristic element from Anqing (AQ) is Hg, which is significantly higher than that in other stations; and the characteristic element from Taihu (TH) is Al, which is significantly higher than that in other water areas. Multivariate analysis selected different spatial distribution patterns of 4 discriminant elements ratios (Pb/Ca, Cr/Ca, Na/Ca, Al/Ca) in the muscle of H. nobilis in the Yangtze River basin and its related lakes. The study suggests that the screened discriminative elements can be used to visually distinguish different sources of H. nobilis, and to quickly trace and verify the origin of newly emerging samples. Therefore, the use of selected discriminant element fingerprint features to trace the origin of new samples has been proven to be feasible. By further discriminating and verifying the muscle element fingerprints of new samples, the discrimination rate is high. Therefore, Multivariate analysis for muscle element fingerprint can be used for origin traceability of samples of unknown origin in market supervision.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1175.v1

Photoinactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis by Near-Infrared Radiation Using a Trehalose-Conjugated Heptamethine Cyanine

Natalia V. Kozobkova, Michael P. Samtsov, Anatol P. Lugovski, Nikita V. Bel’ko, Dmitri C. Tarasov, Arseny S. Kaprelyants, Alexander P. Savitsky, Margarita O. Shleeva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; mycobacteria; antibacterial photodynamic inactivation; trehalose; dormant mycobacteria; tricarbocyanine dye

Online: 18 June 2024 (08:27:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2177.v1

A New Casjensviridae Bacteriophage Isolated from Hospital Sewage Effectively Disrupt Biofilms of Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia Clinical Isolates

Sambuddha Chakraborty, Anusha Rohit, S. Jaya Prasanthi, Ashwini Chauhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biofilm bacteriophage; K. pneumoniae; alternative to antibiotics; antibiofilm strategy

Online: 3 June 2024 (08:31:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1333.v1

Effects of a Bank Plant on the Control of Rice Planthoppers: A Field Study

Xin Guo, Qiao-yu Zhou, Meng-meng Ru, Bei Cao, Xin Huang, Xu-song Zheng, Ping-yang Zhu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Leersia sayanuka; bank plant; sesame; rice; ecological engineering for pest control

Online: 21 May 2024 (04:48:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0203.v1

Antibiotic Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in View of the Newly Developed β-Lactams: A Narrative Review of the Existing Evidence

Francesca Serapide, Maurizio Guastalegname, Sara Palma Gullì, Rosaria Lionello, Andrea Bruni, Eugenio Garofalo, Federico Longhini, Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Alessandro Russo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; carbapenem-resistance; sulbactam-durlobactam; cefiderocol; guidelines; real-world evidence

Online: 6 May 2024 (08:47:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0234.v1

Microstructure and Elemental Composition of Coffea arabica L. Roasted Medium of Specialty and with “Pluma” Denomination of Origin

Jesica Jiménez, Luis Robledo, Ema Antonio, Alma Pérez, Marco Sánchez, Iván García

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Coffea arabica L; microstructure; elemental composition; roasted medium; “ Pluma”

Online: 6 May 2024 (08:11:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.2014.v1

Navigating the AI Employment Landscape: Strategies for Workforce Readiness and Inclusive Growth in Malaysia

Siti Maisarah Jamal

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: ; Keywords: AI; Employment; Malaysia; Workforce; Economic

Online: 30 April 2024 (15:09:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1151.v1

Deciphering the Role of Waxy Gene Mutations in Enhancing Rice Grain Quality: From Molecular Insights to Breeding Soft Rice Varieties

Yong Yang, Lihui Zhou, Linhao Feng, Jianying Jiang, Lichun Huang, Qing Liu, Yadong Zhang, Changquan Zhang, Qiaoquan Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soft rice; low amylose; grain transparency; Wx; eating and cooking quality

Online: 18 April 2024 (07:15:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0446.v1

Exploring the Relationship between Melioidosis Morbidity Rate and Local Environmental Indicators Using Remotely Sensed Data

Jaruwan Wongbutdee, Jutharat Jittimanee, Suwaporn Dandee, Pongthep Thongsang, Wacharapong Saengnill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression; Google earth engine; Spatial model; Burkholderia pseudomallei

Online: 5 April 2024 (14:21:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1231.v1

The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus

Alden S Estep, Neil D Sanscrainte, Jason Stuck, Isik Unlu, Agne Prasauskas, Stephanie J Mundis, Nicholas Cotter, Ana L Romero-Weaver, Troy J Fedirko, Natalie L Kendziorski, Kyle J Kosinski, Daviela Ramirez, Eva A Buckner

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus; insecticide resistance; knockdown resistance (kdr); CDC bottle bioassay; Florida

Online: 23 February 2024 (06:26:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0489.v1

Anatomical Characteristics of Tapped Styrax sumatrana Wood Grown in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Atmawi Darwis, Byantara Darsan Purusatama, Apri Heri Iswanto, Nam Hun Kim, Rudi Hartono, Arida Susilowati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: anatomical characteristics; tapped Styrax sumatrana wood; traumatic resin canal; fiber quality

Online: 8 February 2024 (10:24:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0044.v1

Sequence Fingerprints in HerA Helicase: Implications for DNA Repair and Cancer

Sabiya Azam, Rana Salman Anjum

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Pyrobaculum calidifontis; Helicase; Nuclease; DNA binding domain; N-terminal HAS domain

Online: 1 February 2024 (11:15:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1427.v1

Evidence of Regulating Effect of Nitrogen Level on Ultramicrostructure and Mapping Elements of Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) Chloroplast under Heat Stress

Chunying Li, Zaiqiang Yang, Chunlong Zhang, Jing Luo, Di Wang, Yehan Yan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: heat stress; nitrogen levels; TEM-EDX mapping; chloroplast; tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.)

Online: 18 January 2024 (14:02:41 CET)

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Heat stress is a serious threat to tomato production. The ultrastructure and element mapping of tomato chloroplast were investigated under different nitrogen levels to explore the regulatory effect of nitrogen on tomato chloroplast under heat stress. Experiments design two temperature treatments (25°C/15°C, as control, 40°C/30°C, as severe high-temperature, SHT ) and four nitrogen levels (0.0 kg hm-2, N1; 187.5 kg hm-2, N2; 250 kg hm-2, N3, as recommended nitrogen-application; 312.5kg hm-2 , N4) for a duration of 5 days in artificial climate chamber. The results showed that heat stress led to obvious damage to the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplast, including thylakoid stacking disorder, granum destruction, and starch grain aggregation and degradation. With the increase of nitrogen level, the ratio of long and short axes of tomato chloroplasts increased, the differentiation of chloroplasts was strengthened, the number of plastoglobuli was increased and aggregated, and the degree of damage to the ultrastructure of chloroplasts was reduced. The regulatory effect of nitrogen on the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplasts under heat stress was mainly reflected in the phosphorylation degradation process of starch granules in chloroplasts. There are obvious segmentation lines of Ca, P and Cl on both sides of the inner and outer chloroplasts, and enriched in the chloroplasts, which can outline the boundary of the chloroplasts. Element mapping analysis revealed that heat stress significantly increased the contents of calcium, phosphorus and chlorine in the chloroplast of tomato leaves, while the contents of potassium was decreased. The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly regulate the element distribution of tomato chloroplast under heat stress, especially the regulation of phosphorus, chlorine, calcium, magnesium. These results provide new insight into the role of nitrogen using TEM-EDX mapping in the protection of tomato chloroplast under heat stress and the mechanism of heat stress tolerance in plants.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0287.v1

Balancing Act: Tubulin Glutamylation and Microtubule Dynamics in Toxoplasma gondii

Inês L.S. Delgado, João Gonçalves, Rita Fernandes, Sara Zúquete, Afonso P. Basto, Alexandre Leitão, Helena Soares, Sofia Nolasco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, tubulin glutamylation, tubulin post-translational modifications, apical complex, microtubules

Online: 4 January 2024 (06:54:39 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1692.v1

A Review of the Ethnobotanical Use, Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Constituents Derived from the Plant Genus Geijera (Rutaceae)

Deepika Dugan, Rachael J Bell, Robert Brkljača, Colin Rix, Sylvia Urban

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Geijera; wilga; biological activity; pharmacology; customary use; analgesic; toothache; anti-cancer

Online: 22 December 2023 (08:11:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0022.v1

Life History Traits of Aedes aegypti across Different Climatic Zones of Burkina Faso

Aboubakar Sanon, Lanjiao Wang, Abakoudjiga Arsene Moungou, Leen Delang, Athanase Badolo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Aedes aegypti; immature stage; traits; fecundity; longevity; body size; Burkina Faso

Online: 1 December 2023 (05:15:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1905.v1

Novel Lipid Mediator 7S,14R-Docosahexaenoic Acid: Biogenesis and Harnessing Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Ameliorate Diabetic Mellitus and Retinal Pericyte Loss

Yan Lu, Haibin Tian, Hongying Peng, Nicolas G. Bazan, Song Hong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: diabetic mellitus and complications; mesenchymal stem cell; 7S,14R-diHDHA; db/db mice; blood glucose level; β -cell and α -cell; macrophage; insulin; pancreas and islets; retinopathy

Online: 29 January 2024 (02:08:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202411.0039.v1

Biopesticide Compounds of Endolichenic Fungus Xylaria sp. Isolated from Hypogymnia tubulosa

Fotios A. Lyssaios, Azucena González-Coloma, María Fe Andrés, Carmen E. Díaz

Subject: Plant Sciences, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Xylaria sp.; endolichenic fungi; (+)-9-hydroxypiliformic acid; (+)-8-hydroxypiliformic acid; biopesticide activity

Online: 1 November 2024 (18:11:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2590.v1

Oceanic Breakthroughs: Marine-Derived Innovations in Vaccination, Therapy and Immune Health

Chiara Gamberi, Chad Leverette, Alexis C Davis, Moayad Ismail, Ilaria Piccialli, Nicola Borbone, Giorgia Oliviero, Caterina Vicidomini, Rosanna Palumbo, Giovanni N Roviello

Subject: Biology And Biotechnology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: marine microalgae; recombinant vaccines; Nannochloropsis spp.; Dunaliella salina; immunomodulatory agents; vaccine adjuvants

Online: 1 November 2024 (03:43:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2538.v1

Genome-Wide Identification and Evolution-Profiling Analysis of TPS Gene Family in Camphora longepaniculata

Xin Liu, Minghu Zhang, Xin Zhao, Li Yang, Mang Shen, Ruizhang Feng, Qin Wei

Subject: Agricultural Science And Agronomy, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Camphora longepaniculata; TPS gene family; evolution; gene duplicated events; expression profiles ;

Online: 31 October 2024 (11:12:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2181.v1

Evaluation of Eucalyptus Globulus for Mixed Tree Plantation with Some Indigenous and Exotic Tree Species in Central Ethiopia Highlands

Begashaw Mitiku Sibani, Fikiru Bafa Beyene, Neway Ameha Worku, Getahun Yaekob

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Biomass E. globulus; Climate change; growth performance; mixed plantation; tree productivity

Online: 28 October 2024 (13:51:52 CET)

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Mono-crop plantation widely found in the world and dominated by few species such as Eucalyptus, Pinus and Tectona. While they lack diversified product, negative to environmental service and limited forest product for local use. The experiment was designed to evaluate the impact of mixed plantings on the early growth performance of the E. globulus tree species. The treatments included one monoculture of E. globulus and a combination of the plant with three other native and one foreign tree species. In four consecutive years after plantation, height, root collar diameter, DBH and leaf/branch count were measured. Following two years of out planting, the survival rates of seedlings were determined. Destructive sampling was applied to measure biomass of E. globulus. The growth performance of E. globulus in mixed plantations was compared to that of trees produced in pure plantations. The findings showed that there were no significant variations in growth parameters across the treatments. Following two years of out planting, the survival rates of seedlings were determined. The growth performance of E. globulus in mixed plantations was compared to that of trees produced in pure plantations. The findings showed that there were no significant variations in growth parameters across the treatments. The survival rate of E. globulus was good, ranging from 75 to 96.8%. Similarly, the growth performance of E. globulus's root collar diameter was larger even if the trial did not reveal a significant difference between the treatments for height. In comparison to other treatments, the one that included junipers and E. globulus had a higher mean height throughout the course of three years (1.28, 2.53, and 6.12 meters, respectively), as well as a lower RCD in the first and third years (1.3 and 5.34 cm). At year four, E. globulus attain higher in Height and DBH with high growth rate in mixed plantations compared to pure stands. The relative yield of E. globulus in pure stands compare to mixed stands greater than 1. Above and below ground biomass and carbon density of E, globulus is comparable in all treatment. Overall, the study's findings confirm that planting E. globulus improves its mingling with the examined tree species. Such studies ought to be conducted again over a longer time frame in order to examine the effects at a later stage and recommend technologies for broader implementation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0270.v1

Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of 41 Constituents in Uvaria macrophylla Leaves Screen Antioxidant Quality‐Markers Using Database‐ Affinity UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS

Xiaoqiong Xu, Xican Li, Shaoman Chen, Yongbai Liang, Chuanyang Zhang, Yuhan Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Uvaria littoralis leaves; UHPLC‐Exactive‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS; quantitation; isomer differentiation

Online: 3 October 2024 (13:20:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1859.v1

Meta-Analysis of the Fisheries, and Life History for Trichiurus. Japonicas, T. brevis and T. nanhaiensis, in the Northwest of Pacific Ocean

Baochao LIAO, Can Zhou, Jianpeng Yu, Kui Zhang, Abdul Baset, Xiujuan Shan, Longchuan Zhuang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Trichiurus spp.; spatiotemporal heterogeneity; population dynamics; meta-analysis; the northwest Pacific Ocean

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0958.v1

Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water in Taiz and Ibb Governorates, Yemen

Ali Ahmed Al-Hadheq, Wadhah Edrees, Bashir Al-Ofairi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Escherichia coli; ; Coliform; Total Bacterial Count; Presumptive Test; Taiz; Ibb; Yemen

Online: 12 September 2024 (08:16:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0815.v1

Computational Model of the Effect of pH on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Sporosarcina pasteurii

Shiva Khoshtinat, Claudia Marano, Mahdi Kioumarsi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Computational Model; Sporosarcina pasteurii; CaCO₃ Precipitation; effect of pH

Online: 10 September 2024 (13:58:39 CEST)

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Utilising the metabolic processes (urease activity) of certain microorganisms that result in the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) as a sustainable method for manufacturing self-healing cementitious materials for use in the construction, soil stabilization, and wind-induced erosion industries has garnered considerable attention over the last twenty years. Despite extensive efforts for experimental characterization of the effect of numerous influential factors such as the bacteria type, nutrition type and quantity, and environmental conditions governing this phenomenon, computational modeling of this biochemical process has not advanced significantly due to its complexity and intertwined involved parameters. Among these parameters, pH is of special significance since the initial pH level has an immediate effect on the bacteria's urease activity, which then influences the rate at which calcium carbonate precipitates. Furthermore, during the CaCO₃ precipitation process, pH changes due to the generation of byproducts such as ammonium, which alters the velocity of the bacteria's urease activity continuously.The present study proposes a computational model for calcium carbonate precipitation by urease activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii using COMSOL Multiphysics^®. The theoretical background on governing parameters and chemical reactions involved in the process are discussed. The model takes into account the impact of calcium and urea concentrations, as well as the initial pH level and pH variations caused by the production of by-products during the process. The capability of the model to foresee CaCO3 concentration and ultimate pH level is evaluated by comparing the computational outcomes with empirical data obtained from established literature sources. The influence of the initial pH of the environment on the pH variation of the system during the precipitation process was simulated and compared to actual data available in the literature, suggesting that the model can accurately predict the kinetic. Finally, a parametric analysis is performed to identify the ideal initial environmental pH for calcium carbonate precipitation by the S. pasteurii bacterium.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1115.v1

Biological Characteristics and Medicinal Potential of the Uzbekistan Endemic "Scorzonera uzbekistanica"

UMIDJON NURALIEV

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: Scorzonera uzbekistanica; endemic plants; Uzbekistan; medicinal plants; inulin; flavonoid; antioxidants

Online: 15 August 2024 (06:28:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0379.v1

Polyphosphate Kinase from Burkholderia cenocepacia, One Enzyme Catalyzing a Two Step Cascade Reaction to Synthesize ATP from AMP

Dianelis T. Monterrey, Leire Azcona, Julia Revuelta, Israél Sánchez-Moreno, Eduardo García-Junceda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: biocatalysis; ATP regeneration; polyphosphate; polyphosphate kinase; cofactor recycling; cascade reactions; Burkholderia cenocepacia

Online: 6 August 2024 (07:03:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0058.v1

Sustainable Production of Lactic Acid Using Lolium perenne as Feedstock—A Comparative Study of Fermentation at Bench- and Reactor-Scale, and Ensiling

Ludovica Varriale, Jan-Niklas Hengsbach, Tianyi Guo, Katrin Kuka, Nils Tippkötter, Roland Ulber

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: bio-based economy; renewable resources; perennial ryegrass; fermentation; ensiling; lactic acid; Lactobacillus

Online: 2 August 2024 (03:44:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1149.v1

Aquibium pacificus sp. nov., a Novel Mixotrophic Bacterium from Bathypelagic Seawater in the Western Pacific Ocean

Fan Jiang, Xun Hao, Ding Li, Xuying Zhu, Jiamei Huang, Qiliang Lai, Jianning Wang, Liping Wang, Zongze Shao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Aquibium pacificus LZ166^T; taxonomy; mixotrophy; carbon fixation; sulfur oxidation

Online: 15 July 2024 (10:47:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1921.v1

The Potential of Helichsryum splendidum for Restoration of Sites Polluted with Coal Fly Ash

Alexis Munyengabe, Ledwaba Samuel Kamogelo, Titus Ngmenzuma, Maria Fezile Banda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Phytoremediation; Helichrysum splendidum; Translocation factor; Bioconcentration factor; Trace metals; Gas exchange analysis

Online: 27 June 2024 (11:03:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0466.v1

Comparative Study of Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Microbial Activity of Ziziphus spina-christi L. Leaves Extracts From Different Areas in Sudan

Mohamed Ibrahim Saied Sabir, Ayat Ahmed Alrasheid

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Ziziphus spina-christi; medicinal plants; phytochemical analysis; leaves extracts; zone of inhibition

Online: 7 June 2024 (08:00:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1668.v2

Comparison of the Proteome of Staphylococcus aureus Planktonic Culture and 3-Day Biofilm Reveals Potential Role of Key Proteins in Biofilm

Md Arifur Rahman, Ardeshir Amirkhani, Durdana Chowdhury, Karen Vickery, Honghua Hu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; biofilms; proteomics; TMT-MS; virulence factors; biosynthetic processes; stress responses.

Online: 29 May 2024 (09:12:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1927.v1

Prolonged CBD Pressure Mediates Higher Expression of flgA in Salmonella typhimurium

Iddrisu Ibrahim, Alexa Mathias, Daron Johnson, Emmanuel Ndezure, Joseph Ayariga, Junhuan Xu, Boakai Robertson, Olufemi Ajayi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Salmonella Typhimurium; Cannabidiol (CBD); Antibiotic resistance; Bacterial motility; Environmental stresses; Bacterial survival

Online: 29 May 2024 (07:38:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1747.v1

Innovative Alkanediol-Based Eutectic Solvents for Extracting/Pre-Formulating Dermatologically Valuable Free Fatty Acids from Spirulina and Porphyridium Cakes

Laura Wils, Mervé Yagmur, Nicolas Bellin, Myriam Phelippe, Alia Chevalley, Charles Bodet, Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: spirulina; Porphyridium cruentum; biorefinery; eutectic solvent; free fatty acids; skin microbiota; alkanediol

Online: 27 May 2024 (13:35:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0859.v1

Development of a Whole-Cell System Based on Genetically Modified Protoplasts to Detect Nickel Ions in Food Matrices

Monica De Caroli, Carla Perrotta, Patrizia Rampino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: whole-cell system; Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts; HSP promoter; heavy metals; food safety

Online: 13 May 2024 (13:06:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0367.v1

Ground Management through Grazing in Rainfed Olive Orchards Provides High Olive Yields and Has Other Potential Benefits for Both the Soil and the Farmer

Paulo Dimande, Margarida Arrobas, Carlos Manuel Correia, Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soil management; cover cropping; Olea europaea; mixed farming; organic farming; regenerative agriculture

Online: 7 May 2024 (10:29:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0270.v1

Assessing the Impact of BEAM Inoculant on Plant Growth Enhancement: A Comparative Analysis

Vinesh Prasad

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: BEAM inoculant; compost extract; seeds; plant development; pasture improvement ;

Online: 6 May 2024 (09:43:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0087.v1

Current Treatment Approaches to Eliminate Borrelia burgdorferi and Potential Strategies to Alleviate Persistent Lyme Disease Symptoms

Kashaf Zafar, Onyedikachi Azuama, Nikhat Parveen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi; Treatment; antimicrobials; Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome; PTLDS

Online: 2 May 2024 (12:03:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1897.v1

The Diversity and Extensive Presence of Culturable Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria in Manitoba Marshes

Katia Messner, Vladimir Yurkov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: wetlands; marshes; aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs; purple non-sulfur bacteria; anoxygenic phototrophs; Proteobacteria

Online: 29 April 2024 (09:53:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1333.v1

Contrasting Disease Progression, Microglia Reactivity, Tolerance, and Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Two Mouse Strains

Daniel Guerreiro Diniz, Jhonnathan Henrique Palheta de Oliveira, Luma Cristina Ferreira Guerreiro, Gabriel Castro de Menezes, Alexa Camila Lopes de Assis, Tainá Quintella Duarte, Izabelly Biase Damasceno dos Santos, Flávia Domingues Maciel, Gabrielly Lisboa da Silva Soares, Sanderson Corrêa Araújo, Felipe Tuji de Castro Franco, Ediclei Lima do Carmo, Rafaela dos Anjos Pinheiro Bogoevich Morais, Camila Mendes de Lima, Dora Brites, Daniel Clive Anthony, José Antonio Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço-Diniz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; ; tolerance; resistance; ocular infection; microglia; dentate gyrus; sickness behavior

Online: 22 April 2024 (08:41:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1209.v1

Genetic Characterization and Population Structure of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated from Brazilian Patients Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Leonardo Souza Esteves, Lia Lima Gomes, Daniela Brites, Fátima Cristina Onofre Fandinho, Marcela Bhering, Márcia Aparecida da Silva Pereira, Emilyn Costa Conceição Sharma, Richard Salvato, Bianca Porphirio da Costa, Reginalda Ferreira de Melo Medeiros, Paulo Cesar de Souza Caldas, Paulo Redner, Margareth Pretti Dalcolmo, Vegard Eldholm, Sebastien Gagneux, Maria Lucia Rossetti, Afrânio Lineu Kritski, Philip Noel Suffys

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Drug Resistance; Whole Genome Sequencing; Genetic Diversity; Brazil; Novel Mutations

Online: 18 April 2024 (07:51:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1330.v1

Determination of Variable Humidity Profile for Lactic Acid Maximization in Fungal Solid-State Fermentation

María Carla Groff, Sandra Edith Noriega, Laura Rodríguez, Benjamín Kuchen, Gustavo Scaglia

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: dynamic optimization; lactic acid; Rhizopus oryzae; solid-state fermentation; variable humidity profile

Online: 22 March 2024 (05:16:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0905.v1

Phosphoric Acid Pre-treatment Improves Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Weedy Biomass (Thysanolaena latifolia) for Bioethanol Production

Suwanan Wongleang, Duangporn Premjet, Siripong Premjet

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: weed biomass; Thysanolaena latifolia; renewable resource; glucose recovery; bioethanol; phosphoric acid pretreatment

Online: 15 March 2024 (07:26:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1041.v1

Siegesbeckia orientalis Suppresses Growth and Migration through Apoptosis and Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases Expression on Hepatoma in Mice

Tzu-Hua Chen, Jer-Yiing Houng, Tzu-Hsien Chang, Ya-Ling Chen, Chi-Chang Chang, Long-Sen Chang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Siegesbeckia orientalis; hepatoma-bearing mice; tumor growth; apoptosis; oxidative stress; inflammatory response

Online: 20 February 2024 (05:59:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1163.v1

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Unravels New QTLs for Eight Lodging Resistance Constituent Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Sowadan Ognigamal, Shan Bin XU, Yu Long Li, Everlyne mmbone Muleke, Hélder Manuel Sitoe, Xiao jing Dang, Jian hua Jiang, Hui Dong, Delin Hong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Oryza sativa; Lodging resistance; Stem Anti-thrust; QTLs; Internode length; Favorable allele

Online: 19 December 2023 (02:54:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0929.v1

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Colletotrichum lini Strains with Different Virulence on Flax

Ekaterina M. Dvorianinova, Elizaveta A. Sigova, Timur D. Mollaev, Tatiana A. Rozhmina, Ludmila P. Kudryavtseva, Roman O. Novakovskiy, Anastasia A. Turba, Daiana A. Zhernova, Elena V. Borkhert, Elena N. Pushkova, Nataliya V. Melnikova, Alexey A. Dmitriev

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Colletotrichum lini; anthracnose; flax pathogen; virulence; Nanopore sequencing; de novo genome assembly

Online: 13 December 2023 (05:07:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.2152.v1

“Qi-Invigoration” Action of Codonopsis pilosula Polysaccharide Through Altering Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

Li He, Letian Zhang, Xingtai Li, Haocheng He, Guoan Fu, Yi Zhun Zhu, Wei Hu, Liang Gong, Youming Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide; mitochondria; energy metabolism; mitochondrial respiratory function; anti-hypoxia; adenosine triphosphate

Online: 28 October 2024 (10:34:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.0957.v1

Antifungal Activity of Rhizosphere Bacillus Isolated from Ziziphus jujuba Against Alternaria alternata

Qiang Zou, Yumeng Zhang, XinXiang Niu, Hongmei Yang, Min Chu, Ning Wang, Huifang Bao, Faqiang Zhan, Rong Yang, Kai Lou, Yingwu Shi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Jujube fruit black spot disease; Bacillus velezensis; Growth characteristics; Control effect

Online: 12 October 2024 (05:37:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1998.v1

Detection of Apple Proliferation Disease by Hyperspectral Sensors and Machine Learning Based Image Analysis

Uwe Knauer, Sebastian Warnemünde, Patrick Menz, Bonito Steffen Thielert, Lauritz Klein, Katharina Holstein, Miriam Runne, Wolfgang Jarausch

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: hyperspectral; random forest; machine learning; apple; ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ ; disease monitoring

Online: 25 September 2024 (12:16:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0808.v1

Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Alterations in Overweight or Obese Adult Population after Weight-Loss Bifidobacterium brevis BBr60 Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zhouya Bai, Ying Wu, Dejiao Gao, Yao Dong, Yujia Pan, Shaobin Gu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Bifidobacterium brevis BBr60; overweight or obese; randomized controlled trial; gut microbiota; metabolic profile

Online: 10 September 2024 (13:38:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1943.v1

Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some New Thiopyrimidin-Benzenesulfonamide Compounds

Abdalrahman Khalifa, Manal M. Anwar, Walaa A. Alshareef, Eman Abd Elaziz El Gebaly, Samia A. Elseginy, Sameh H. Abdelwahed

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Thiopyrimidine; benzene-sulfonamides; antimicrobial activity; bactericidal activity; anti-virulence activity; in silico ADMET

Online: 28 August 2024 (03:10:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1009.v1

Cepharanthin®, an Alkaloid Mixture Derived from Stephania cephalantha Hayata Suppresses the Activation of T-lymphocytes and the Inflammatory Response of Epithelial Cells in In Vitro Oral Lichen Planus Model

Ryo Shiraishi, Yuske Komiyama, Yoshiaki Kitsukawa, Aya Koike, Toshiki Hyodo, Yosuke Kunitomi, Erika Yaguchi, Tomonori Hasegawa, Wataru Kotani, Rei Wada, Saki Tamegaya, Chonji Fukumoto, Takahiro Wakui, Hitoshi Kawamata

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: oral lichen planus; Stephania cephalantha Hayata; cepharanthine; IL-1β ; NF-κ B

Online: 14 August 2024 (08:20:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2212.v1

Emergence of Two Different Genotypes of Bagaza Virus (BAGV) Affecting Red-Legged Partridges in Spain, in 2019 and 2021

Pilar Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Belén Gómez-Martín, Montserrat Agüero, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero, Jovita Fernández-Pinero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Bagaza virus; emerging genotypes; phylogenetic analysis; molecular characterization; complete genome; Alectoris rufa; Spain

Online: 29 July 2024 (07:12:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0826.v1

Potential Regulation of Iron Metabolism Gene Expression by DOF Transcription Factors in Dendrocalamus latiflorus

Peng-Kai Zhu, Mei-Xia Lin, Mei-Yin Zeng, Yu Tang, Xin-Rui Li, Tian-You He, Yu-Shan Zheng, Ling-Yan Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: DOF transcription factors; Iron Metabolism Related Genes; gene regulation; gene expression; Dendrocalamus latiflorus

Online: 10 July 2024 (10:14:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0829.v1

Toward the Development of Garlic Varieties: The First Attempts

Ricardo Julián Licea-Moreno, Ángeles Rodríguez Haro, Juan Antonio Marín Martínez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Allium sativum (L.); clonal selection; genotype-environment interaction; landrace; plant breeding; selection pressure

Online: 12 June 2024 (17:43:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2019.v1

Agronomic and Functional Quality Traits in Various Underutilized Hot Pepper Landraces

Marwa Chouikhi, Imen Tlili, Imen Henane, Sándor Takács, Hussein Daood, Zoltàn Pék, Lajos Helyes, Anna Montefusco, Monica De Caroli, Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano, Muhammad Azam, Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui, Riadh Ilahy, Thouraya R’him, Marcello Salvatore Lenucci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: agronomic characteristics; Capsicum annuum L., climate change; functional quality; pungent pep-per landraces

Online: 30 May 2024 (08:35:24 CEST)

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Landraces are considered a crucial component of biodiversity conservation, serving as a reservoir of genetic diversity. Consequently, the collection, cultivation and detailed characterization of such landraces constitute an inherent aspect of the world’s natural resource heritage. This effort holds promise for the development of elite varieties capable of thriving amidst continuous global climate fluctuations. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the main agronomic attributes, physico-chemical properties, and functional quality traits of the major hot pepper landraces adapted to diverse climatic conditions in Tunisia. These landraces include ‘Dhirat’, ‘Semmane’, ‘Beldi’, ‘Nabeul’, ‘Jerid’, ‘Mahdia’, ‘Cayenne’, ‘Kairouan’ and ‘Baklouti’. Most of the pepper landraces exhibited satisfactory yields, ranging from 1163.25 to 1841.67 g plant-1 in ‘Jerid’ and ‘Kairouan’, respectively, indicating robust productivity, especially under prevailing climatic changes and high temperatures. Landraces such as ‘Baklouti’, ‘Beldi’, ‘Nabeul’, ‘Semmane’, ‘Kairouan’ and ‘Mahdia’ appear suitable for both fresh consumption and processing, owing to their favorable average fruit weight and soluble solids content. Functional quality and the levels of antioxidants, as well as radical scavenging activity, emerged as key discriminating factors among pepper landraces. Irrespective of genotype, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin constituted the major capsaicinoids, accounting for at least 87% of the total. Total capsaicinoids ranged from 1.81 µg g−1 to 193.71 µg g−1, with ‘Baklouti’ and ‘Jerid’ identified as the most pungent landraces. Total carotenoids ranged from 45.94 µg g−1 to 174.52 µg g−1 with ‘Semmane and ‘Jerid’ exhibiting the highest levels. Considerable variation was observed in β-carotene content, spanning from 3% to 24% of the total carotenoids. α-Tocopherol content ranged from 19.03 µg g-1 fw in ‘Kair-ouan’ to 30.93 µg g-1 fw in ‘Beldi’, exerting a notable influence on the overall tocopherol content. Conversely, the other isomers were detected at very low concentrations. The total vitamin C content ranged from 132 mg 100g-1 fw in ‘Mahdia’ to 200 mg 100 g-1 fw in ‘Nabeul’, indicating relatively low genetic variability. However, large variability was detected in total phenolics content, ranging from 168.58 mg GAE kg-1 fw in ‘Beldi ‘to 302.98 mg GAE kg-1 fw in ‘Cayenne’. Among the pepper landraces tested, ‘Cayenne’ achieved the highest value of radical scavenging activity in both hydrophilic and lipophilic fractions (RSAHF and RSALF), with variations rang-ing from 59% to 120% for RSAHF and from 4% to 64% for RSALF. This study aims to: 1) preserve and enhance the value of local genetic resources, 2) identify desiderable traits for incorporation into breeding programs, and 3) develop high-quality, high-yielding cultivars capable of with-standing climate variations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1362.v1

Exploring the Antidiabetic Potential of Neocarya macrophylla (Nm) Leaf Fractions: A Comprehensive Study on Hypoglycemic Activity, Body Mass Index, and Hematological Parameters in High-Fat Diet/ Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat

sadiq Maifata, Amina Jega Yusuf, Zayyanu Umar Usman, Ahmed Muhammed Rabiu, Abdullahi Adamu Ja'e, Aminat Suleman-Alabi, Chinedu Onwuchekwa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: ; Neocarya macrophylla, Ethyl acetate fraction, Streptozotocin, High fat Diet, Body mass index

Online: 21 May 2024 (09:20:26 CEST)

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The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise globally, posing significant health challenges and burdens. This metabolic disorder, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, contributes to various complications including cardiovascular diseases, kidney failure, and stroke. While conventional diabetic drugs exist, they often come with adverse side effects, necessitating the exploration of safer and more cost-effective alternatives, particularly from natural sources like medicinal plants. This study investigates the potential of Neocarya macrophylla (Nm) Ethyl acetate leaf fraction in managing DM. Utilizing a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model, the study explores several key aspects including effective dose determination, biological activity, impact on body mass index (BMI), and complete blood count. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism version 9.1. The determination of the minimum effective dose reveals that 120mg/kg of Ethyl acetate fraction of Nm reduced the blood glucose by 28.9% after 4 hours. In addition, ethyl acetate fraction (120 mg/kg) possessed the most hypoglycemic activity compared to the other fractions of Nm. The Ethyl acetate fraction of Nm at 120mg/kg significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels compared to the diabetic control(p=0.001) and slightly decreased BMI. Furthermore, the fraction demonstrated significant improvement in the parameters of some of the blood count indices such as red blood cells (p<0.001), total white cells (p<0.01) and platelet (p<0.001) compared to the diabetic control. These findings underscore the potential of Nm as a holistic therapeutic option for managing DM and its haematological complications. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the hypoglycemic potential of Nm Ethyl acetate leaf fraction, offering valuable insights into its effectiveness, safety, and broader physiological impacts. Further research into the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects is warranted to fully harness its therapeutic potential in diabetes management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1450.v1

The Set of Serine Peptidases of the Tenebrio molitor Beetle: Transcriptomic Analysis on Different Developmental Stages

Nikita I. Zhiganov, Konstantin S. Vinokurov, Ruslan S. Salimgareev, Valeriia F. Tereshchenkova, Yakov E. Dunaevsky, Mikhail A. Belozersky, Elena N. Elpidina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Tenebrio molitor; serine peptidases; serine peptidase homologs; polypeptidases; phylogenetic analysis; expression patterns; digestion

Online: 23 April 2024 (08:06:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1818.v1

Antimicrobial and Preservative Activity of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng, Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst, Flueggea leucopyrus Willd., and Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf Plant Extracts against Some Common Milk Pathogens and Their Biocompatibili

Kasun Jayaweera, Sasini Dharmasena, Umali Ravihari, Thilini Samaraweera, Jayani Dunukara, Lalinka Herath

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; preservative activity; biocompatibility; Plectranthus amboinicus; Bacopa monnieri; Flueggea leucopyrus; Cymbopogon citratus

Online: 29 March 2024 (09:22:04 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0636.v1

Evaluating Hypericin as a Therapeutic Agent Against Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Ivan Vito Ferrari

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Hypericin; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Docking analysis; Autodock Vina

Online: 12 February 2024 (05:35:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0405.v1

Denitrification Characteristics of the Low-Temperature Tolerant Denitrification Strain Achromobacter spiritinus HS2 and Its Application

Yajuan Gao, Ting Zhang, LingKang Hu, Shiyuan Liu, Chenchen Li, Yongsheng Jin, Hongbin Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Achromobacter spiritinus; heterotrophic nitrification; aerobic denitrification; low-temperature tolerant denitrifying bacteria; sewage treatment.

Online: 7 February 2024 (08:02:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0156.v1

Multi-drug Resistant Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli in a Dairy Herd: Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles

Martina Penati, Laura Musa, Laura Filippone Pavesi, Alessandro Guaraglia, Fernando Ulloa, Paolo Moroni, Renata Piccinini, M. Filippa Addis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biosecurity; dairy calves; ESBL E. coli; multi-drug resistant; waste milk

Online: 2 February 2024 (14:20:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0115.v3

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms of Plant Flavonoids against Gram-Negative Bacteria Based on the Antibacterial Statistical Model

Yu Yan, Xuexue Xia, Aiman Fatima, Li Zhang, Ganjun Yuan, Fengxian Lian, Yu Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Action mode; Antimicrobial; Escherichia coli; Flavonoids; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Lipophilicity; LogP; MIC; Statistical model

Online: 20 February 2024 (10:48:13 CET)

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The antimicrobial quantitative structure–activity relationship of plant flavonoids against Gram-positive bacteria was established in our previous works, and the cell membrane was confirmed as a major site of action. To investigate whether plant flavonoids have similar antibacterial effects and mechanisms against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, here, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 37 plant flavonoids against Escherichia coli were determined using the microdilution broth method, and then the correlation between their lipophilic parameter ACD/LogP or LogD_7.40 value and their MIC was analyzed. Simultaneously, the correlation between the ACD/LogP or LogD_7.40 value and the MIC of 46 plant flavonoids reported in literature against E. coli was also analyzed. Both sets of results showed that there is a significant correlation between the LogP value and the MIC of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria. However, it is difficult to effectively predict the MIC of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria from their lipophilic parameters. By comparing two regression curves derived from plant flavonoids against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, it was further discovered that the antibacterial activities of most plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria are stronger than those against Gram-positive bacteria when their LogP values are less than about 3.0, but the opposite is true when their LogP values are more than about 3.6. Moreover, this comparison also suggests that unlike mainly acting on the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria, plant flavonoids have multiple mechanisms against Gram-negative species, while the cell membrane is also an important action site among them. Combined with the correlation analyses between the enzyme inhibitory activity and the LogP value of the reported flavonoids, it was further suggested that DNA gyrase is another important target of plant flavonoids against Gram-negative bacteria.

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